外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words精练

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words精练，共6页。试卷主要包含了答案与解析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It is a questin that has lng puzzled scientists—exactly why are tigers range? One might think it makes them mre bvius—particularly against a leafy green frest backgrund. William Blake summed it up in his famus pem knwn by generatins f schlchildren：“Tyger, tyger, burning bright. In the frest f the night.” But nw the answer is at hand.
While bvius t us, cmputer simulatins (模拟) f what the big cats lk t the main animals they hunt fr, deer, shw a different picture. Humans with nrmal clur visin, can see red, blue and green clurs. But deer can nly pick up blue and green light; they are effectively clur­blind t the clur red, like sme humans. It means the tigers' range cluratin lks green t them, allwing them t mix perfectly int the backgrund, new research claims.
Dr Jhn Fennell at the University f Bristl and clleagues said that they used cmputers t estimate hw nticeable a given animal was. They did this by using images f the envirnment in which the animal lives, and then creating images t see whether the camuflage helps the animal t mix in.
Dr Fennell writes that by simulating what the wrld lks like t animals wh are “tw­clur visin”—smene wh cannt discver the difference between red and green—“we als identify the mst suitable clurs fr hiding and visibility”．
Dr Fennell writes in the Ryal Sciety Jurnal Inter Face：“Cnsidering the cat f a tiger, it has fur that appears range t a three­clur visin bserver rather than sme shade f green, thugh the latter shuld be mre apprpriate clur fr an attack hunter in frests. Hwever, when viewed as a tw­clur visin bserver, the tiger's clur is very effective.”
The questin then arises as t why tigers dn't grw green cats. Dr Fennell and clleagues write that mammals (哺乳动物) are nt able t prduce green fur. T d s wuld “require a significant change t mammalian bichemistry”. There is nly ne mammal knwn t have green fur but this is achieved thrugh what might be cnsidered as, well, cheating, nt exactly real.
1．Why des the authr mentin the pem in Paragaph 1?
A．T aruse readers' interest in pems.
B．T shw the authr's respect t the pet.
C．T answer the questin f the clur f the tiger.
D．T stress the nticeable clur f the tiger t us.
2．What clur is nn­existent in the eyes f deer?
A．Black. B．Red.
C．Blue. D．Green.
3．What des the underlined wrd “camuflage” mean in Paragraph 3?
A．The cver f smething.
B．The images f smething.
C．The way f hiding smething.
D．The way f hunting fr smething.
4．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．The clur f tigers smetimes cheats peple.
B．Getting green may prevent tigers frm being extinct.
C．There are n mammals with real green fur in the wrld.
D．The tigers' fur will prbably evlve int green in the future.
B
The term “t extend an live (橄榄) branch” means t make an ffer f peace r recnciliatin(和解). This term has Biblical(圣经的)rigins, cming frm the sectin f the Old Testament that deals with the fld; the sign that the fld is ver is an live branch brught back t the ark (方舟) by a dve. Olive branches were als symbls f peace in Ancient Greece and Rme, and they cntinue t be used in varius wrks f art that are meant t suggest peace.
Sme peple have suggested that the live branch is a very deliberate and well­cnsidered chice as a metaphr(隐喻)fr peace, because live trees famusly take years t mature. War is typically very hard n the trees because peple cannt take the time t nurture them and plant new nes. Therefre, the ffer f an live branch wuld suggest that smene is tired f war, whether it is an actual war r a falling ut between friends.
In Ancient Greek and Rman times, peple wuld ffer actual live branches. In Rme, fr example, defeated armies traditinally carried live branches t indicate that they were giving in, and the Greeks used them int weddings and ther ceremnies. In the mdern era, the branch is usually metaphrical, rather than actual, nt least because the plants can be a bit difficult t btain.
Many peple agree that peace negtiatins at all levels f sciety are a gd idea. Between natins, bviusly, it is imprtant t extend an live branch t ensure mutual safety and t help the wrld run mre smthly. This act can als be imprtant n a persnal level, as reslving cnflict and learning t get alng with thers are viewed as imprtant life skills in many cultures.
At sme pint in their lives, many peple will be advised t extend an live branch t settle a dispute r reslve an issue. Sme peple believe that it takes an immense amunt f curage t take this actin, as it ften cmes with an admissin f wrngding and regret.
5．Accrding t the Bible, ________.
A．an live branch suggests fld is cming
B．the ark is made f live tree wd
C．an live branch means fld is ver
D．a dve lves t settle n the live branch
6．The live branch is cnsidered a gd chice as a metaphr fr peace fr the fllwing reasns EXCEPT ________.
A．live trees famusly take years t mature
B．live branches make peple tired f war
C．war is typically very hard n the trees
D．peple cannt take the time t nurture them while at war
7．Why are actual live branches seldm used in mdern times?
A．Olive trees are being prtected nw.
B．Olive trees are planted nly in certain cuntries.
C．Olive trees can be hard t seek.
D．There is n need t use real live branches.
8．It can be learnt frm the text that t extend an live branch ________.
A．is nt imprtant n a persnal level
B．is nly imprtant between natins
C．takes a lt f curage
D．is an imprtant life skill in many cultures
C
T me, Shakespeare is a bit f a tuchy subject in the theatre industry. I believe Shakespeare's plays t be the mst challenging in terms f language. When yu have challenging language, then understanding the plt and tpics discussed becmes a challenge as well. It's like a chain. If yu dn't understand it frm the start, it makes things hard later n and peple tend t give up n it. Regardless f all f this, I believe Shakespeare's plays are imprtant in the sense that they are where true theatre started. William Shakespeare is a name everyne knws regardless f whether yu enjy his wrk r nt.
Many high schls r clleges d at least ne Shakespeare's play every few years and I like that. I think it's imprtant t expse students t plays that are a bit mre challenging than they're used t. Of curse, it's nt easy t understand these plays but then think abut the peple wh act in thse plays. When acting, yu have t understand yur character inside and ut and nt nly that, but yu need t cmpletely knw everything ging n arund yu as well. S t understand the script is ne thing, but then t take it t that next level in terms f acting in a Shakespeare's play is a whle ther thing. Hw abut memrizing the lines? That's ne f the hardest things actrs have said they had t get thrugh. It is such heightened language that it's almst like learning a freign language. Shakespeare's play is tugh and that's what I think I lve abut it the mst. The challenge is understanding. Once yu have that then yu have rm t play with it.
Therefre, if peple walked int a Shakespeare's play with mre f an pen mind, their experience wuld be s much better. There is an immense amunt f explratin and discvery in his plays and the experience can be really satisfying. It's hard stuff，but it's fascinating and we shuld be embracing it.
9．What's the main idea f the passage?
A．The characteristics f Shakespeare's plays.
B．Hw t perfrm Shakespeare's plays successfully.
C．The imprtance and way f enjying Shakespeare's plays.
D．Hw t understand the tugh language f Shakespeare's plays.
10.What's the biggest challenge in understanding Shakespeare's plays?
A．The plt and tpics.
B．The challenging language.
C．Understanding the characters.
D．Hw t understand frm the start.
11．What des the underlined wrd mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Outstanding and lively.
B．Strange and mechanical.
C．Cmplicated and difficult.
D．High­leveled and interesting.
12．What des the writer suggest yu d when enjying Shakespeare's plays?
A．Act them ut.
B．Remember the lines in them.
C．Learn Shakespeare's language.
D．Enjy them with an pen mind.
课时作业(十八)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。为什么老虎是橙色的？这个长期困扰科学家的问题终于被科学家们破解了。
1．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。由“It is a questin that has lng puzzled scientists—exactly why are tigers range? One might think it makes them mre bvius － particularly against a leafy green frest backgrund.”可知所提及的诗是为了例证文章开头的陈述对于我们人类来说，老虎的颜色太显眼了。故选D项。
2．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。由第二段中“It means the tigers' range cluratin lks green t them, allwing them t mix perfectly int the backgrund, new research claims.”以及第四段中“animals wh are ‘tw­clur visin’ － smene wh cannt discver the difference between red and green”可知在鹿的眼中是没有红色系的，而橙色属于红色系。故选B项。
3．答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。由第三段中“They did this by using images f the envirnment in which the animal lives, and then creating images t see whether the camuflage helps the animal t mix in.”可知，他们通过使用动物所处环境的图像来做到这一点，然后创建图像来观察伪装方式是否有助于动物分不清它们。所以第三段画线的“camuflage”一词是指隐藏的方式。故选C项。
4．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。由最后一段中“mammals are nt able t prduce green fur. T d s wuld ‘require a significant change t mammalian bichemistry’. There is nly ne mammal knwn t have green fur but this is achieved thrugh what might be cnsidered as, well, cheating, nt exactly real.”可推断出，世界上没有绿色皮毛的哺乳动物。故选C项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用橄榄枝代表和平的来历以及古希腊、古罗马为何赋予橄榄枝和平的意义。如今，“伸出橄榄枝”是一种隐喻，象征着想向对方表达和平，结束争斗。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文中第一段的“the sign that the fld is ver is an live branch brught back t the ark by a dve”可知，在《圣经》里，橄榄枝代表洪水结束了。
6．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文中第二段的“Sme peple have suggested that the live branch is a very deliberate and well­cnsidered chice as a metaphr fr peace, because live trees famusly take years t mature. War is typically very hard n the trees because peple cannt take the time t nurture them and plant new nes.”可知，橄榄枝代表和平并不是因为橄榄枝使人们厌倦战争。
7．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文中倒数第三段最后一句“In the mdern era, the branch is usually metaphrical, rather than actual, nt least because the plants can be a bit difficult t btain.”可知，现在人们不用真实的橄榄枝是因为橄榄枝很难得到。
8．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文中最后一段最后一句“Sme peple believe that it takes an immense amunt f curage t take this actin, as it ften cmes with an admissin f wrngding and regret.”可知，伸出橄榄枝意味着承认错误和表示歉意，所以伸出橄榄枝需要很大的勇气。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是尽管莎士比亚剧本中的语言因很难理解而极具挑战性，但学生们欣赏莎士比亚的戏剧仍是非常重要的，同时作者也谈到了欣赏莎士比亚戏剧的方法。
9．答案与解析：C'主旨大意题。本文讲的是学生们欣赏莎士比亚戏剧重要性以及方法，第一段开篇引出话题，第一段中“Regardless f all f this, I believe Shakespeare's plays are imprtant in the sense that they are where true theatre started.”点明主题，第二段作者用“I think it's imprtant t expse students t plays that are a bit mre challenging than they're used t.”这句进一步谈自己的观点并以演员排练莎士比亚戏剧为例对自己观点进行佐证，最后作者谈如何欣赏莎剧。故选C项。
10．答案与解析：B'细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者相信从语言方面讲，莎士比亚戏剧是最具有挑战性的。故选B项。
11．答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子中“that it's almst like learning a freign language.”可知，莎士比亚的语言就像是外语，且后句中进一步说“Shakepteare's play is tugh”。故可推知，heightened应该是复杂困难的意思。故选C项。
12．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，如果人们以一种开放的心态进入莎剧，那么他们的体验就好很多。故选D项。