高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future同步练习题

Unit 2

Reading and Thinking

一、填空

1.There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law.  __________(然而), it is important that we try.

2.Tickets are  __________(可获得的) free of charge from the school.

3.I'd like to give you some  __________(相关的) suggestions.

4.I'm tired of your  __________(不断的) complaint.

5.Doctors issued a  __________(警告) against eating any fish caught in the river.

6.As a sailor, you must obey the captain's  __________(命令).

7.I can't give you an  __________(立刻的) reply before I discuss with my partners.

8.Make exercise a part of your daily  __________(常规).

9.Maybe there will be  __________(自动的) kitchens to cook meals for us in the future.

10.The old couple live in a  __________(偏远的) village.

11.Parents' words and deeds can  ___________(potential) affect children.

12.As we all know, fashion is  ___________ (constant) changing.

13.The president  ___________(command) the release of the prisoners last year.

14.In my opinion, it's a matter of personal ___________ (prefer).

15.The heating will switch off  ___________(automatic) when you leave the room.

二.阅读理解

    Dogs are our best friends. That's especially true after a disaster, such as an earthquake. When buildings fall down, search-and-rescue dogs help find trapped people. Dogs' amazing noses can pick up the smell of survivors. Now scientists have developed an electronic tool that does the same thing. It's taking smell detection (探测) to a whole new level.

    The new invention is a sort of electronic nose, which can detect extremely low levels of many compounds (化合物) from people's skin. This isn't the first time engineers have developed such an object. Earlier models, however, have been bulky and expensive. They could not detect low levels of target compounds either. The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.

    The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time. "Being able to do this, in such a small object, is the significant discovery," says Sotiris E. Pratsinis, Professor of Process Engineering & Materials Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. His team tested it in special spaces. They were like the small spaces where people might be trapped. Chemicals given off by the volunteers built up inside. The electronic equipment detected those compounds at unbelievably low levels.

    The results were good news for the research team. But they may be not for our four-legged friends, who could soon be out of a job. "Ideally, this technology could replace search-and-rescue dogs," Pratsinis says.

    Stephen Taylor, an electrical engineer, agrees that the new technology has some benefits over dogs. Still, he thinks it may be too soon to have our trusty friends retire. He suspects, "I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs." Taylor also pointed out some potential limitations of the new invention. "E-noses are useful, but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption," he says.

1.Why does the author talk about dogs at the beginning?
A.To catch the readers' attention. B.To introduce the topic about e-noses.
C.To show what search-and-rescue dogs do. D.To add background information for discussion.
2.Which of the following best explains "bulky" underlined in Paragraph 2?
A.Complex. B.Fragile. C.Handy. D.Large.
3.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.What e-noses, working principle is.
B.How e-noses are made.
C.What differences between dogs and e-noses are.
D.How powerful e-noses are.
4.What does Stephen Taylor mean?
A.Dogs and e-noses could work together. B.Search-and-rescue dogs will retire soon.
C.E-noses are more reliable than noses of dogs. D.Dogs are better at finding out trapped people.

三.语法填空

    Global warming could make humans shorter Scientists claim to have found evidence that it caused the world's first horses ① ___ (become) smaller nearly 50 million years ago. In fact, a team from the universities of Florida and Nebraska says ②___ has found a link between the earth heating up and the size of horses, during the last time the world heated up. The scientists used fossils to follow the evolution of horses from their earliest ③ ___ (appear) 56 million years ago. As temperatures went up, their size went ④___. The scientists say that the current warming could have the same effect ⑤___ mammals and could even make humans ⑥ ___ (small). "Horses started out small, about the size of a small dog. What's ⑦ ___ (surprise) is that after they first appeared, they then became even smaller and then dramatically increased in size, and that ⑧ ___ ( exact) corresponds to (符合) the global warming event, followed by cooling. " "It had been known that mammals ⑨ ___ ( be) small during the last warm time, ⑩ ___ we hadn't realised that temperature specifically was driving the evolution of body size," Dr Bloch said in the Science journal.

答案以及解析

一、

1.答案：Nevertheless

解析：

2.答案：available

解析：

3.答案：relevant

解析：

4.答案：constant

解析：

5.答案：warning

解析：

6.答案：commands

解析：

7.答案：instant

解析：

8.答案：routine

解析：

9.答案：automatic

解析：

10.答案：remote

解析：

11.答案：potentially

解析：考查词性转换。句意:父母的言行能潜在地影响孩子。此处修饰后面的动词affect,应用副词,故填potentially。

12.答案：constantly

解析：考查词性转换。句意:众所周知,时尚在不断地变化。设空处修饰主句的谓语动词,故设空处应用副词,故填constantly。.

13.答案：commanded

解析：考查时态。句意:去年总统下令释放这些囚犯。分析句子成分可知,设空处应为谓语动词,根据时间状语last year可知应用一般过去时,故填commanded。

14.答案：preference

解析：考查词性转换。句意:在我看来,这是个人喜好的问题。设空处前是形容词personal,所以设空处应用名词,故填preference。

15.答案：automatically

解析：考查词性转换。句意:你离开这个房间的时候,暖气就会自动关上。此处作状语,故填副词automatically。

二.答案：1-4BDDA
解析：1.推理判断题。第一段中,作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途,然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻。由此可以推断,先提及狗是为了引出电子鼻的话题,故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Earlier models, however, have been bulky and expensive... The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.可知,早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且“bulky”,新型的电子鼻则体积小巧,可放入手持设备内,新旧形成对比,由此猜测bulky是“庞大”的意思,故选D项。complex意为“复杂的”,fragile意为“易碎的”,handy意为“方便的”。
3.主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物极其轻微的气味,故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs.”可知,斯蒂芬·泰勒认为电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作,故选A项。

三.答案：①to become ②it ③appearance ④down ⑤on ⑥smaller ⑦surprising ⑧exactly ⑨were ⑩but

解析：①cause sb/sth to do sth 是固定搭配,意为 "导致某人/某物做某事". 故填 to become.

②指代前面提到的 a team 应用 it. 故填 it.

③形容词性物主代词 their 后应用 appear 的名词形式.故填 appearance.

④根据上下文内容可知,温度上升会导致马的体形变小.故填 up 的反义词 down.

⑤have an effect on 是固定搭配,意为 "对.....有影响". 故填 on.

⑥此处暗含气候变暖前后人类体形的对比,应用比较级.故填 smaller.

⑦be 动词后应用形容词作表语,此处修饰的是事物,应用 surprising, 意为 "令人惊讶的". 故填surprising.

⑧修饰动词短语 corresponds to 要用 exact 的副词形式.故填 exactly.

⑨mammals是复数形式,后面的系动词也要用复数形式.时间是 during the last warm time, 应用一般过去时.故填 were.

⑩句意为:我们已经知道哺乳动物在上个温暖期个头较小,但我们还未意识到正是温度驱动着体形大小的进化.由句意可知设空前后为转折关系.故填 but.