人教版 (2019)Unit 1 People of Achievement学案及答案

Unit 1 People of Achievement

Section C Reading for Writing

1、学会本节单词、短语。

2、学会写人物介绍。

1. found

词性：____________ 意思：_____________

be founded on 建立在……基础上；（建筑物）建立在……上

The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.

中华人民共和国成立于1949年。

2. extraordinary

词性：____________ 意思：_____________

an extraordinary memory 非凡的记忆力

extraordinary ideas 离奇的想法

3. consequence

词性：____________ 意思：_____________

accept/ take the consequence 承担后果

in consequence/ as a consequence 因此，所以

in consequence of/ as a consequence of 因为，作为……的结果

Taking risks can have serious consequences.

冒险可能会产生严重后果。

4. encounter

词性：____________ 意思：_____________

have an encounter with 与……相遇

come across 偶然遇到；偶然发现

We encountered a variety of difficulties in the first week.

我们在第一周遇到各种各样的困难。

5. sum

词性：____________ 意思：_____________

词性：____________ 意思：_____________

sum up 总结；概括

sum into/to 共计

to sum up =in sum 总之

1. He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2.

他对世界做出了许多贡献，最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc2 。

句式分析

本句是一个简单句，the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2是独立主格结构，对前文进行解释说明。

独立主格结构

有时现在分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随情况或解释整个句子。独立主格结构的构成：

（1） 名词＋现在分词（表示主动或正在进行）

Weather permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.

如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。

（2） 名词＋过去分词（表示被动或已经完成）

Enough time given, she will surely do the job better.

如果给她足够的时间，她一定会把工作做得更好。

（3）名词＋不定式（表示即将发生）

Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.

这是前三卷，第四卷下个月出版。

（4） 名词＋形容词／副词／介词短语／名词短语

Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away.

她气得脸色苍白，站起来要走。

The summer vacation over, the students returned to school.

暑假结束了，学生们回到了学校。
2. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.

他胡须浓密，有时白发挺立，就像刚遭了电击一样。
句式分析

本句是复合句，which 引导的是非限制性定语从句，对hair 进行修饰限定。定语从句中 as though he had just received an electric shock是as though 引导的状语从句，使用了虚拟语气。

as though仿佛，好像（＝as if)

（1）as though/if可置于look, seem, feel 等连系动词后引导表语从句，也可以引导方式状语从句。

It seemed as though he didn't care about everything around him.

看起来他好像不在乎周围的一切。 (表语从句）

He talks to them as if they were children.

他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。 (方式状语从句）

（2）as though/if引导的从句常用虚拟语气表示所述的情况与事实不符。
与现在事实不符  过去式（be 动词用were） He talks as though he knew all about it.
与过去事实不符  had+过去分词  He kept working as if nothing had happened.
与将来事实不符  would/could/might +动词原形 It looks as though it might rain.

（3）as though/if 引导的从句有时也可以用陈述语气，表示说话者认为从句所述的情况是事实。

He looked as though he was about to burst into tears.

他看上去好像要哭起来了。
as though/if引导的从句有时可用省略形式。结构：as though/if+分词／不定式／形容词／介词短语等。
She stood at the door as though/if waiting for someone.

她站在门口，好像在等人。

假定你是李华。最近你市电子科技博物馆正在征集我国古代科学家的英文简介，请你写一篇英语短文介绍我国古代科学家郭守敬，内容包括：

（1）基本信息：我国古代著名天文学家、数学家和工程师；出生于现河北邢台；生于1231年，卒于1316年。

（2）主要成就及发明：负责修建大都至通州运河；制订《授时历》， 通行360多年，是当时世界上最先进的一种历法；著有十四种天文历法著作。

注意： （1）词数80左右；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。

参考词汇：运河canal

《授时历》Shoushi Calendar

天文历法 astronomical calendar

答案

One Possible Version:

Guo Shoujing, one of the top ancient Chinese scientists, was born in Xingtai, Hebei Province in 1231 and passed away in 1316, who lived in the best years of the Yuan Dynasty.

As an outstanding astronomer, engineer and mathematician, he greatly influenced the development of science in China. He was in charge of building the Dadu-Tongzhou canal of the Yuan Dynasty, which improved the north-south traffic. At the same time, he invented Shoushi Calendar, which was applied to calculating the accurate length of the year. The calendar, used for more than 360 years, was considered the most advanced calendar in the world at that time. What's more, he created 14 kinds of masterpieces on the astronomical calendar.