第10讲 选择性必修二Unit3提前预习-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）

这是一份第10讲 选择性必修二Unit3提前预习-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册），文件包含第10讲选择性必修二Unit3提前预习解析版-暑假自学课2022年新高二英语暑假精品课译林版2020选择性必修第二册docx、第10讲选择性必修二Unit3提前预习原卷版-暑假自学课2022年新高二英语暑假精品课译林版2020选择性必修第二册docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共21页， 欢迎下载使用。
第10讲 选择性必修二Unit3提前预习（解析版）-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）【学习目标】1．预习选择性必修二Unit3的基础知识点（词汇+短语）2．预习选择性必修二Unit3的语法知识点（现在完成进行时）针对这部分内容的难点进行点对点的讲解和练习  【基础知识】【选择性必修二Unit3词汇拓展】 _____surgeon_______ (n.外科医生)→______surgery_____ (n.外科手术)_____physician_______ (n.医师，内科医生)→_____physical_____ (adj.身体的；物质的)→___physically_____ (adv. 身体上)_____chemist_______ (n.药剂师；化学家)→____Chemistry________ (n.化学)→___chemical______ (adj.化学的) →__chemically_____ (adv.化学地)___specialize_____ (vi.专门研究或从事，专攻)→____special____ (adj.专门的；特殊的)→_____specially_______ (adv.专门地；特殊地)→___specialist_______ (n.专家)___gene_____ (n.基因)→__genetic____ (adj.基因的)__affect_____ (vt.影响；侵袭；深深打动)→___affection_____ (n.感情; 喜爱; 爱情)→_____effect_______ (n.影响；效应)→___effective____ (adj.有效的)____contract_______ (vt.感染疾病；与…订立合同n.合同，合约)→____contraction____ (n.收缩; 缩小)__identify_____ (vt.找到，发现；确认)→____identification____ (n. 识别; 鉴定; 确认)→___identity____ (n.身份)_____relate_____ (vt./vi.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述)→____related_____ (adj. 相关的; 有联系的)→____relation_____ (n.关系，关联)_____delete_______ (vt.删除，删去)→___deletion_____ (n.删除，删去)_______restore_____ (vt.恢复，修复)→_____restoration_______ (n.恢复，修复)______abnormal______ (adj.反常的，畸形的)→____normal____ (adj.正常的)→__normally_____(adv.正常地；通常)___weapon_____ (n.武器)→_____weapon_____ (vt. 武装;提供武器)____occur_____ (vi.发生，出现；有…引起)→___occurred____ (过去式)→_____occurred_____ (过去分词)____restrict_____ (vt.限制，限定，束缚)→______restricted______ (adj.有限的，受限制的)→___restriction_____ (n.限制，约束)___prohibit______ (vt.禁止)→______prohibition______ (n.禁止)_____resistance_____ (n.抵抗力，抵制，反对)→_____resistant____ (adj.有抵抗力的，抵制的；抗…的，耐…的)→____resist____ (vt.抵制，抵抗)___characteristic______ (n.特征，特点adj.典型的，独特的)→____character____ (n.性格；特点，特征)____wrestle_____ (vi./vt.奋力对付，努力处理)→___wrestler_____ (n.摔跤手)_____mature_____ (adj.成熟的；时机成熟的)→_____maturity____ (n.成熟)→___immature___(adj.不成熟的)____withdraw____ (vt./vi.脱离社会不与人交往；撤回；停止提供)→_____withdrew____ (过去式)→______withdrawn______ (过去分词)→____withdrawal_____ (n. 撤回；不再参加，退出；提款，取款)____equip____(vt.配备，使有能力)→ __equipping___/___equipped____→____equipment____ (n.设备，装备)____grateful_____ (adj.感激的，表示感谢的)→_____gratitude____ (n.感激，感谢)_disabled____ (adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的)→____disability____ (n.残疾)→___enable____ (vt.使能够，使有能力)_____conventional_____ (adj.常规的，传统的)→_____convention_____ (n. 习俗，常规，惯例)___sensory_______ (adj.感觉的，感官的)→_____sensor______ (n.传感器)→_____sense_____ (n.感觉)_____disturb_______ (vt.使不安，打搅，扰乱)→______disturbance_____ (n. 骚乱; 障碍; 紊乱)→____disturbing_____ (adj.使人不安的)→_____disturbed_____ (adj. 不安的; 有精神病的， 心理不正常的)___adjust_____ (vt.调整；适应)→____adjustable_____ (adj.可调节的)→___adjustment___ (n.调整)___evidence_____ (n.证据)→____evident____ (adj. 明显的，显而易见的)→___evidently_____ (adv. 显然，明显地)_____examine_____ (vt.检查，检验；审查，调查)→___examination_____ (n. 检查，检验；审查，调查)→缩略形式 ____exam_____ (n.)_____organ_____ (n.器官；风琴；机构)→____organic____ (adj.器官的；有机的)_____severe_____ (adj.十分严重的；严厉的)→____severely_____ (adv.严重地；严厉地)→_____severity_____ (n.严重；严厉)____anxiety______ (n.焦虑；担心)→____anxious___ (adj.焦虑的，担心的)→____anxiously___(adv. 焦急地，忧虑地)____alcohol________ (n.酒精)→____alcoholic___ (adj.含酒精的    n.酒鬼)____phenomenon________ (n.现象)→复数形式 ___phenomena__36._____symbol_______ (n.象征)→____symbolize_____ (vt.象征，是…的象征)→___symbolized___ (adj. 作为象征的)37._____infection_______ (n.感染)→_____infect______ (vt.使感染)→______infected______ (adj. 受感染的)→____infectious_____ (adj. 传染性的，感染的) 【选择性必修二Unit3重点短语】   play a critical role in 起决定性作用  apply…to… 把…运用到…中  arise from/out of 由……引起  restrict…to… 把…限制于…  prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事  wrestle with 努力处理  figure out 算出   be equipped with 装备  make great progress in 取得重大进步hold on to 紧紧抓住，坚持be capable of 有能力……give rise to 造成at a distance 在远处go to great lengths to do sth. 竭尽全力做come up with 想出adjust…to… 调节date back to =date from 追溯be replaced by=take the place of 被…取代pay a visit to 拜访，参观be linked with 与……有联系a wide variety of 各种各样be applied to 被应用于 be recognized as被认为是stick to 坚持put pressure on 施加压力 【选择性必修二Unit3语法讲解】现在完成进行时表示一个持续到现在的动作(这动作可能刚停止，也可能还在进行)。 (1) 构成：have been doing(2) 用法：1) 延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。 I have not been sleeping well since I returned home.( “我”回家后一直都没睡好，现在也没睡好。)I have been living in Hawaii for ten years.我在夏威夷已经生活了十年。She has been burning the midnight oil to prepare for GRE.她最近在熬夜准备GRE考试。Tom has been playing the online games for more than twenty hours.汤姆玩网游已经超过二十个小时了。 2) 重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。He has been going to Seattle for half a year.他在半年间经常去西雅图。I have been telling you not to make trouble.我一直劝你不要找麻烦。The old man has been repairing cars for thirty years.老人修车修了三十年了。Jack has been practising Tai Chi for more than a year.杰克练太极一年多了。 3)表示感情色彩现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩。如：What have you been doing? 表示惊异　　Who's been eating my apples? 表示愤怒不满 【例题精讲】1. Tom ______ in the library every night over the last three months.A. works               B. worked              C. has been working          D. had been working【答案】C【解析】over the last three months 的意思是“在过去的三个月期间”，这类时间状语通常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，四个选项中只有C符合此要求。2. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. A. had considered      B. has been considering        C. considered         D. is going to consider【答案】B【解析】根据but she hasn’t decided yet (尚未决定) 可知，从开始失业时起一直在考虑再去上学，现在还在考虑。表示从过去某一时刻开始一直到现在，并且现在依然在发生的动作，用现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时由“have/has been doing”构成，所以选B。 【注意】现在完成进行时与现在完成时辨析现在完成进行时与现在完成时均可表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”的动作，有时两者可换用，但前者多用于口语中。I have watered the flower.我已经给花浇过水了。（已完成，你不必浇了）I have been watering the flowers.我一直在给花浇水。（未完成，一直在浇）I have known her for a long time.（正）我认识她很久了。I have been knowing her for a long time.（误）I haven’t seen him these days.（正）这些日子我没有见过他。I haven’t been seeing him these days. （误）这两种时态的差别主要有哪两个？1.现在完成时表示动作已完成，着重结果；现在完成进行时表示动作的进行，强调动作的持续性。2.状态动词、知觉动词或情感动词，如see, feel, know, love等，不可用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。 【考点剖析】考点一：词汇变形例1．单词填空A new crisis has          （出现，产生）.The two groups of children have quite different             (特点).They thought his behavior was             (反常的).First of all we must            (找到，发现) the problem areas.Is there any           (方法，方式) of contacting him?A poor diet will             (最终) lead to illness.Your opinion will not            (影响) my decision.This is a question of                 (根本的) importance.Her mother died of breast           (癌症).Order was quickly            (恢复) after the riots.There will be a            (辩论) on abortion.The Irish Free States come into          (存在) in 1922.Your name has been             (删去，删除) from the list.Congestion frequently reduces traffic to walking p      .In the future, pay increases will be r        to productivity.The police still haven’t found the murder w          .Under the terms of the c         the job should have been finished yesterday.All the arrangements are now put in p        for their visit.Soviet citizens were p         from traveling abroad.This meeting has been, without d        , one of the most useful we have had so far.She had spent the whole weekend w           with the problem.【答案】1.arisen 2.characteristics 3.abnormal 4.identify 5.means 6.ultimately 7.affect 8.fundamental 9.cancer 10.restored 11.debate 12.being 13.deleted 14.pace 15.related 16.weapon 17.contract 18.place 19.prohibited 20.doubt 21.wrestling  考点二 : 语法填空例2．单句语法填空1. The load was lifted         means of a crane.2. There’s a virus            (go) around the office.3. Hackers are said              (start) a computer virus.4. She found it hard to keep pace           him as he strode off.5. Hard work is fundamental         success.6. They are experts who specialize in              (restore) ancient parchments.7. She would only play a role if she would identify         the character.8. We encourage all students to work         their own pace.9. Tickets are likely            (be) expensive.10. Are there further               (develop) in the investigation?11. He is receiving              (treat) for shock.12. The sofa will serve        a bed for a night or two.13.He refuses to rule out the               (possible) of a tax increase.14.He was flushed with              (excite) at the thought.15.The company faces major challenges        the course of the next few years.16.Behave               (appropriate) and ask intelligent questions.【答案】1.by 2.going 3.to start/to have started 4.with 5.to 6.restoring 7.with 8.at 9.to be 10.developments 11.treatment 12.as 13.possibility 14.excitement 15.over 16.appropriately 考点三：现在完成进行时例3．1. The girl has a great interest in sport and _____ (take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.2. I ______ (wait) for him for more than one hour and he hasn’ t come yet.【答案】1.has been taking         2.have been waiting          【真题演练】2021-2022学年高二英语译林版选择性必修第二册Unit3单元测试阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。　　I used to be so addicted to computer games that I had little time for study and thus fell behind and my　36　 (fit) began to fail. My parents and teachers were greatly worried about me. It was 　37　 my English teacher said to me that helped me　38　. She told me that I must have my own goal of life, 　39　 my future would be hopeless and that playing computer games was fun but it would not guarantee me 　40　 bright future. I finally realized that I must set a goal and work hard towards it right away. In the days that 　41　(follow), whenever I felt tired or had an urge 　42　(play) computer games, I thought of my goal and soon regained strength. Now I turn out to be a vital and diligent student and I never miss a class. Apart from this, I am 　43　(enthusiasm) about helping the other students. After having got rid of the bad habits, I have a whole new world view. While 　44　(go) to school every morning, I make up my mind to spare no effort to achieve my goal and　45　(bright) the day of others. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在老师的帮助下戒掉网瘾的故事。36.fitness【解析】考查名词。句意:我以前如此沉迷于电脑游戏,以至于几乎没有时间学习,因此落后了,我的健康也开始衰退。分析句子结构可知,设空处需用名词作主语,故填fitness,意为“健康”。37.what【解析】考查主语从句。句意:是我的英语老师对我说的话帮助我摆脱了困境。此处是强调句型,设空处引导主语从句,连接词在从句中作动词said的宾语,故需用连接代词what。38.out【解析】考查固定搭配。句意同上。根据句意可知,此处是固定短语help sb. out,表示“帮助某人摆脱困境”。39.or【解析】考查连词。句意:她告诉我,我必须有自己的人生目标,否则我的未来将是无望的,玩电脑游戏是有趣的,但不能保证我有一个光明的未来。结合前后文内容可知,设空处需用并列连词or连接,表示“否则,要不然”。40.a【解析】考查冠词。句意同上。future为可数名词,此处泛指“一个光明的未来”,且bright是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以需用a。41.followed【解析】考查动词时态。句意:在接下来的日子里,每当我感到疲倦或很想玩电脑游戏时,我就会想到我的目标,很快就恢复了力量。根据空后的felt tired可知,设空处需用一般过去时,表示过去发生的事情。42.to play【解析】考查不定式。句意同上。have an urge to do sth.表示“很想做某事”。43.enthusiastic【解析】考查形容词。句意:除此之外,我热衷于帮助其他同学。设空处需用形容词作表语,be enthusiastic about...表示“热衷于……”。44.going【解析】考查现在分词。句意:每天早上去学校的时候,我都下定决心,要不遗余力地去实现我的目标,并让别人的一天充满快乐。此处为状语从句的省略形式,go与逻辑主语I之间是主动关系,所以设空处需用现在分词going。45.brighten【解析】考查动词。句意同上。spare no effort to do sth.表示“不遗余力地做某事”,是固定搭配,此处and连接两个并列的成分,所以设空处需用动词原形brighten。         【过关检测】用所给词的适当形式填空  His visit is expected to lead to the             (restore) of diplomatic relations.  Their             (identify) were kept a secret.  He taught me the               (fundamental) of the job.  Does TV have an            (affect) on children’s behavior?  The             (ultimately) decision lies with the parents.  The Air Force and the navy retain their             (prohibit) of women on air combat missions.  The government has agreed to lift              (restrict) on press freedom.  The treatment will be tried out on human            (be) .  We seek to improve             (relate) between our two countries.He made several              (delete) to the manuscript.The bear behaved              (abnormal) probably because of hunger.By the 1960s the situation had changed               (fundamental).Are there any matters            (arise) from the minutes of the last meeting?Rub the cream into the             (affect) areas. In those days women led fairly            (restrict) lives.Stores spend more and more on crime             (prevent) every year.【答案】 1.restoration 2.identities 3.fundamentals 4.effect 5.ultimate 6.prohibition 7.restrictions 8.beings 9.relations 10.deletions 11.abnormally 12.fundamentally 13.arising 14.affected 15.restricted  16.prevention  根据要求翻译句子她通过考试的希望很渺茫。（a chance of） 他居然不想去，我觉得奇怪。（it做形式宾语） 尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍在失业中。（despite doing） 新规章制度最终对我们有利。（to our advantage） 旅行要花多少钱你算出来没有？（figure out） 雨已经下了两个小时了。（现在完成进行时） 我们想把这花园变得和过去一样美丽。（restore sth. to sth.） 应该要求实习生把新想法与他们的以往经历相联系。（relate sth. to sth.） 【答案】1.She has a slim chance of passing the exam. 2.I find it strange that he doesn’t want to go. 3.Despite aapplying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work. 4.Eventually/Ultimately, the new regulations will work to our advantage. 5.Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?6.It has been raining for two hours. 7.We hope to restore the garden to its former glory. 8.Trainees should be invited to relate new ideas to their past experiences.