第06讲 选择性必修二Unit1提前预习-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）

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第06讲 选择性必修二Unit1提前预习（解析版）-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）【学习目标】1．预习选择性必修二Unit1的基础知识点（词汇+短语）2．预习选择性必修二Unit1的语法知识点（过去完成时had done）针对这部分内容的难点进行点对点的讲解和练习 【基础知识】【选择性必修二Unit1词汇拓展】 1.critical adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→critically adv.危急地;批评性地→criticism n.批评;责备;评论→critic n.批评家,评论家;挑剔的人→criticize v.批评;评论→critical thinking 批判性思维  extend vi.& vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展→extension n.延长;延期;扩大→extensive adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的  construction n.建筑,建造;建造物→construct vt.建造,构建;创立→constructive adj.建设性的→under construction 正在建造中  minor adj. 轻微的,次要的→minority   adj.少数的;属于少数派的     n.少数派; 少数民族→反义词：majority  n.大多数→major  v.主修； adj. 主要的  bath n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→bathe v.洗澡→现在分词：bathing  automatic adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→automatically adv.自动地;机械地;无意识地  investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查;研究→investigation n.调查;科学研究→investigator n.调查者;侦查员  journalist n.新闻记者,新闻工作者→journalism n.新闻业,新闻工作→journal n.报纸,杂志  priority n.优先事项.首要事情;优先权,重点→ prior adj.优先的;在前面的→be prior to.........优先于..........contradict vt.相矛盾.相反:反驳.驳斥→contradictory  adj.相互矛盾的→contradiction n.矛盾;反驳搭配：be contradictory to 与...相反factual adj.事实的,真实的→factually adv.真实地;确实地12.differ vi.相异;意见相左→different adj.不同的→difference  n.差异13.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成→conclude v.推断;断定;决定→in conclusion 总而言之14.false adj .错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的→falsely adv.错误地;虚伪地;不实地15.minimum n最小值,最少量adj.最低的,最小的→minimize v.使最小化16.maximum n.最大量,最大限度adj.最高的,最多的→maximize v.使最大化17.accurate adj.正确无误的;精确的→accurately adv.精确地,准确地→accuracy n.精确,准确18.discrimination n.辨别力;识别力;歧视,区别对待→discriminate v.歧视;区别;辨别19.curiosity n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→curious adj.好奇的,求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地搭配：out of curiosity出于好奇心commitment n.承诺,许诺;献身,投入;花费→commit vt.承诺,保证;犯(罪);花(钱或时间) vi.全身心投人;忠于→committed adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的→be committed to doing sth 全神贯注做某事found vt.创建,创办;建立,兴建→过去式/过去分词：founded →foundation n.基础;地基;根据→founder n.创始人;建立者politics n.政治,政治事务:(个人的)政治观点,政见→political adj.政治的;党派的→politically adv.政治上→ politician n.政治家profession n.行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明→professional adj.专业的;职业的n.专业人员edition n.版本;一份,一期;版次→edit vt.编辑;校订→editor n.编辑,编者25.interaction n.互动;互相作用→interact v.互相影响;互相作用26.advertise vi.& vt.做广告,登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传 →advertisement n.广告,启事;广告活动,广告宣传→advertising n.广告活动,广告业persuade vt.说服;使信服→persuasion n.说服,劝说;信仰→persuasive adj.有说服力的psychology n.心理,心理特征;心理学→psychological adj.心理的;心理学的;精神上的→psychologist n.心理学家,心理学研究者absorb vt.理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力→absorbed adj.全神贯注的,一心一意的→be absorbed in...........被.........吸引amuse vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑→amusement n.消遣,娱乐;乐趣→amusing adj.有趣的,好玩的;引人发笑的→amused adj.逗乐的,觉得好笑的 【选择性必修二Unit1重点短语】   the mass media 大众传媒  leave sb. trapped 使某人被困  get the situation under control 使局势得到掌握  There is concern that…… 人们担忧……  break out 爆发战争  dozens of 许多  in a critical condition 情况危急  suffer minor injuries 受轻伤  go off 铃响；爆炸；（电器）停止运转；对…失去兴趣rely on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事come about 发生It is advisable to… 做…是明智的take …as a example 以…为例in a more comprehensive way 以一种更全面的方式contradict each other 相互矛盾in terms of 就…而言for instance 例如differ in 在……方面存在不同rush to the conclusion 急于下结论bring sth. to light 揭露vary between …and… 在…和…之间变化sum up 总结，总之from various perspectives 从不同视角be committed to 致力于with great discrimination 有着明辨是非的潜力be involved in 参与，包含give an accurate account of 对…作出准确描述be sensitive to 对…敏感accuse…of… 指控某人某事shoot up 猛长mount up 上升regard sth. as sth. 认为…是…have a influence/effect/impart on sth.对…有影响build sb’s reputation 树立某人名声spring up 突然兴起make a hit 大获成功interact with 与……互动in short 简而言之refer to 查阅，指代in other words 换而言之launch a advertising campaign 发起一个广告活动persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做…a variety of 各种各样的get across 被传达，被理解be absorbed in 专心致志做…brighten up 使增添乐趣 【选择性必修二Unit1语法讲解】过去完成时1）过去完成时表示在过去的某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by, before等介词或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：1. by + 过去的时间点。　I had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night.2. by the end of + 过去的时间点。We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.3. before + 过去的时间点。　They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.例句：I had finished my homework before supper.例句：They had already started when we got the lecture.例句：By the end of June, they had treated over 10,000 patients. 2）过去完成时还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for, since等连用。 例句：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year.例句：He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 3）在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事情放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。 例句：Tom flew home, but his father had already died.   4）过去完成时也用于hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., It was the first time...that等一些固定句型中。例句：He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him.例句：We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.例句：It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune. 5）在表示某人过去未完成的‘心愿’，‘打算’，‘计划’，‘想法’，‘许诺’等时，hope, mean, plan, think, intend等谓语动词常用过去完成时。例句：I had hoped to be back last night, but I did not catch the train.例句：We had thought to return early but they would not let us go.例句：He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing. 【注意1】过去完成时与一般过去时的比较 表示过去某个时间以前所发生的两个或两个以上的动作时，一般用and, then, but按照动作的先后顺序连接，此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。例句：He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table.例句：He said he went to the shop and bought some food. 【注意2】过去完成时与现在完成时的区别  现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以现在的时间为基点，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，更注重现在的情况；而过去完成时它以过去的时间为基点，表示过去某一时刻之前的动作或状态，更强调‘过去的过去’。例句：By now we have learned 3,000 words.例句：By the end of last term, we had learned 2,500 words. 【考点剖析】考点一：过去完成时例1．用动词的时态填空Silk     (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 B．C.Bythe end of last year, China      (make)great achievements in environmental protection.When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I      (not see) for years.This was the first time I ________ (experience) sandstorms and I don't ever want to be in one again. 考点二：词汇拼写例2．单词拼写1. C__________ thinking is to think logically and develop an ability to ask questions or ask for evidence for a particular subject.2. We are advised to walk and play in the surrounding countryside to r_________ stress.3. If you are t__________  in the elevator, please press the button immediately.4. The twins look alike, but they d___________ greatly in personality.5. Nowadays the __________(优先事项) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.6. The museum plans to __________ (延长) its opening hours to make it more convenient for tourists to visit it.7. A good__________(新闻记者) needs to be curious and can acquire information by asking many different questions.8. Some people believe the news released on the print media is usually more__________(精确的) and reliable.9. The animals can choke or starve after becoming t__________ by fishing ropes or nets.10. F___________ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.          【真题演练】2020-2021江苏省常州市武进区奔牛高级中学高二上学期10月月考英语试卷第三节  单词拼写 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）1. You have every right to feel ___________(背叛) by your friend if she did tell your secrets to others.2. She ___________ (道歉) to her teacher for not having finished her homework on time.3. There are thousands of people like him in the city, __________(乞讨) on the street.4. They ___________(承认) that they had completely failed.5. Please accept my s____________ (真诚) thanks for what you have done for these years.6. The best information about hotels usually comes from friends and _____________(熟人) who have been there.7. All applicants will be considered ____________(不管) of ages, gender, religion or nationality.8. The ______________(环境) pollution here is very serious, which the government should not take no notice of.9. Jack lay on the sofa, ________________(全神贯注) in his book.10. He was charged with _____________(非法) using a handgun.        【过关检测】  单词拼写11. In the last ten years, the whole world has w_________ China's amazing achievements in reducing poverty.12. Better___________(互动) between teachers and students can promote the effectiveness of the class to an extent.13. Most __________(职业) in the medical field require years of training.14. I would like to extend my warmest congratulations to you on receiving the___________(奖学金)to the university.15. It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I p________ something.16. The company employed clever tricks to p____________ people to buy their products andmanaged to make a fortune.17. The book referred to by the__________(心理学) expert teaches you how to find what is causing the stress in your life.18. Two lawyers have donated $ 50,000 to __________(赞助) our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”.19. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues__________(amuse)with her stories.20. You will _________ (automatic) get free dental treatment if you are under 18.21. His public speeches are in direct _________ () to his personal lifestyle.22. The letter wasn't addressed to me but I opened it out of _________ (curious).23. Only a _________ (minor)of children are fond of natural scenery while most of them like amusement parks.24. The new airport under_________ lies in the south of the city.25. Your student ID card will be provided to you by your____________（系）.