第12讲 选择性必修二Unit4提前预习-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）

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第12讲 选择性必修二Unit4提前预习（原卷版）-【暑假自学课】2022年新高二英语暑假精品课（译林版2020选择性必修第二册）【学习目标】1．预习选择性必修二Unit4的基础知识点（词汇+短语）2．预习选择性必修二Unit4的语法知识点（将来进行时will be doing）针对这部分内容的难点进行点对点的讲解和练习 【基础知识】【选择性必修二Unit4词汇拓展】 analyse (AmE analyze) vt. 分析-------analysis n. 分析---------analytical adj. 分析的-------analyst n. 分析者，分析家massive adj. 巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的------mass n. 大量 v. 聚集--------massively adv. 大规模地，极度地breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破 adj. 突破性的------breakdown n. 故障；破裂；崩溃-------outbreak n. （暴力、疾病的）爆发------=breakup n. 破裂；解体finance n. 财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt. 提供资金---------financial adj. 财政的，金融的--------financially adv. 财政上autonomous adj. 自主的，有自主权的；自治的domestic adj. 家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的------------domesticated adj. 驯化的；居家的threaten vt. 危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓----------threat n. 威胁--------threatened adj. 受到威胁的------------threatening adj. 威胁的，恐吓的commit vt. 犯（罪）；承诺，保证；花（钱或时间） vi. 全心全意投入，忠于---------commitment n. 委员会------------committed adj. 尽心尽力的crime n. 罪，罪行；犯罪活动--------criminal adj. 犯罪的；刑事的urge vt. 敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n. 冲动，强烈的欲望--------urgent adj. 紧迫的------------urgency n. 紧急----------urgently adv. 紧急地apparently adv. 显然，可见----------apparent adj. 显然的；貌似的warning n. 警告，先兆；警戒---------warn v. 提醒，警告demand vt. 需要；强烈要求 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要------------demanding adj. 要求高的；苛刻的victim n. 受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品greedy adj. 贪心的，贪婪的-------greed  n.贪婪recognition n. 识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识--------recognize v. 认出；认可；公认---------recognized adj. 认可的；公认的------recognizable adj. 容易认出的database n. 数据库--------datum n. 资料，数据---------data n. 资料，数据alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的---------alternatively adv. 或者hacker n. 黑客---------hack v. 非法侵入（计算机）theft n. 偷窃，偷窃罪----------thief n. 小偷，窃贼---------thieve v. 偷distribution n. 分发，分送；分配，分布---------distribute v. 分配；分销--------distributor n. 经销商predict vt. 预言，预告----------predictable adj. 可预测的----------prediction n. 预言，预测decrease vt. & vi. 减少，降低 n. 减少，降低---------increase v. （使）增加，（使）增多------increasingly adv. 不断增加的deny vt. 否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受--------denial n. 否认；拒绝illegal adj. 不合法的，非法的-------illegally adv. 非法地-------legal adj. 法律的；合法的--------legally adv. 依照法律地monitor vt. 监视，跟踪调查；监听 n. 显示屏；检测器；班长--------monitoring n. 监控；监听highlight n. 最好（或最精彩）的部分 vt. 突出，强调；使醒目bury vt. 埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入---------burial n. 葬礼，埋葬muscular adj. 肌肉的；强壮的-----------muscle n. 肌肉；体力；实力conclude vt. & vi. 断定，推断出；达成，订立；（使）结束，终止---------=conclusion n. 结论；结束；签订justified adj. 合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的-----------justify v. 证明……有理；为……辩解superiority n. 优越感；优越性，优势-------------superior adj. 更好的；高傲的definition n. 定义；释义，解释---------define v. 给……下定义；阐明-------definite adj. 确定的；清楚的---------definitely adv. 肯定地，当然sensor n. 传感器，敏感元件----------sense n. 感官；意识；意义 v. 意识到，觉察出-----------sensitive adj. 体贴的；敏感的----------sensible adj. 明智的-------------sensory adj. 感官的，感觉的practical adj. 实际的，真实的；切实可行的；有用的；实事求是的-------------practice n. 实践 v. 从事------------practically adv. 实际上-------------impractical adj. 不切实际的academic adj. 教学的，学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的---------academy n. 专科院校；学会-----------academically adv. 学术上地engage vt. & vi. 吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系---------engaged adj. 忙于……的；订婚的------------engagement n. 约定；参加；订婚clone n. 好像一模一样的人，复制品；克隆动物（或植物） vt. 克隆，以无性繁殖技术复制----------cloning n. 克隆initial adj. 最初的，开始的 n. 首字母---------initiative n. 主动性；主动权----------initially adv. 最初optimistic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的------------optimism n. 乐观主义---------optimist n. 乐观者annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气；打扰，骚扰-------------annoyed adj. 恼怒地，生气的--------annoying adj. 讨厌的，恼人的----------annoyance n. 气恼，烦恼globe n. 球体，球状物；地球仪；地球，世界----------global adj. 全球的-----------globalization n. 全球化-----------globally adv. 在全球expense n. 费用；开销；开支--------expensive adj. 昂贵的envy n. & vt. 羡慕，忌妒---------enviously adv. 羡慕地 【选择性必修二Unit4重点短语】 对···造成威胁                             犯罪                                      全心全意投入做某事                       奉献                                        警告某人某事                 沦为···的受害者                          别无选择                                   是···的替代                              强行闯入                                   不可否认的是                               大量                                         暗中监视；窥探                             强调···的重要性                         陷入                                            下结论                                             处于··最前列                                  参与/忙于                                     是··的障碍                                在牺牲··的情况下                             有能力做某事                                  海量数据                                   存在                                           简而言之                                       处于历史的转折点                                执行任务                                  对··有利                                  面部识别                                  招致灾难                                     军事行动                                   救灾                                           在于                                      与··互动                                        无尽的可能                                    要是                                         不久之后                                 旨在                                           证明是有挑战的                             记住                                      使···成为过去                            实际应用                                       一个完全沉浸式的环境                       在病人身上尝试                               提供                                         green with envy                                   an unlimited number of                           in terms of                                        (build) castle in the air                              to name but a few                                boil down to                                      【选择性必修二Unit4语法讲解】将来进行时定义：将来进行时是指将来某个时间正在进行的动作。 基本结构：主语+will be/be going to be +doing如：I will be sleeping at 12:00p.m. 十二点的时候我将在睡觉。I will be studying in university at the age of 20. 我20岁的时候我将会在大学里学习。 基本用法：一、表示在将来的某一时间正在进行的动作这个时态一般不表意愿，常表示已经安排好的事，给人一种期待感。1.What will you be doing this time tomorrow? 你明天的这个时候在做神马？2.I' ll be taking my holiday soon. 我不久将要去度假了。3.We'll be living in London next year. 我们明年就要在伦敦住了4.The train will be leaving in a second. 火车马上就要开了。5.Maybe nobody will be smoking in fifty years.50年后，也许就没有人吸烟了。 二、表示事情的发展将来进行时常表示事情正常的发展，是由客观情况决定的1.I'll be seeing Mr. Smith tomorrow. 我明天就将见到斯密斯先生。2.---Would it be any trouble for you to post this letter? 你方便帮我寄一下信吗？ ---No, not at all. I shall be going out presently. 方便，很方便。我反正要出去。有时这种事态含有一种附带的意思，语气较为委婉。3.Will you be seeing Mary this evening?　你今晚会见到玛丽吗（如果你能看到她，请告诉她。。。）4.I'll be finishing it. 我一会儿就把它做完了。（你一会儿就可以拿到它了）5.They will be coming before long. 他们不久就会到达。（附带意思：赶快准备迎接他们吧） 三、表示原因，结果，可能（一）表原因1.Please come tomorrow afternoon. Tomorrow morning I will be having a meeting. 2.You'd better borrow my bike. I won't be needing it.也可以用在because 的从句中3.It's no use trying to see him at six this evening, because he will be giving a lesson then. 4.I won't be able to watch the program because I will be doing my homework. (二）表结果,常与条件状语从句连用5.If you don't write, they will be wondering what has happened to you.6.If I fail to appear at 7 o'clock, I will not be coming at all.也可以不与条件状语从句连用，但这样往往含有警告的性质7.Stop the child, or he will be falling over. 抓住那个孩子，要不然他会掉下去的8.I'll be forgetting my name next time.下次我连自己的名字都记不清了。（警告自己）9.You won't be driving any car again for several years. 你几年内都不能再开车了。 （三）表可能，说话嗯往往有“我料想”，“我估计”。10.He will be telling you about it tonight. 他今晚上会告诉你这件事的。11.The roses will be coming out soon. 玫瑰很快就要开了。12.He won't be wanting these. 他不会要这些东西的。13.I suppose you will be leaving soon. 我估计你快要走了。 四、表委婉1.Will you be having some tea? 喝点茶吗？2.Will you be needing anything else? 你还需要什么吗？3.You will be working here tomorrow. 明天你就在这工作吧。  【考点剖析】考点一：词汇变形例1．根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词They broke my windows and              （威胁）me.He was found guilty of             (谋杀).The theater has a seating             (容量) of 2000.They proudly declared themselves part of a new             (自治的) province.          (资金) for education comes from taxpayers.Most crimes are             (犯（罪）) by young men.There will be a major               (突破) in career research.               (显然，可见) they are getting divorced soon.The explosion made a           (巨大的) hole in the ground.I’d appreciate your            (投入) on this.The job involves gathering and             (分析) data.The office          (网络) allows users to share files and software.The shareholders are           (贪婪的) for profit.We have had several preliminary sittings in various          (姿势).Flying makes enormous            (要求) on pilots.Let me give you a word of            (警告).The term was c        to describe homeless people.We should pay attention to the growing problem of d          violence .Your plan is merely a c         in the air.Bees, bats and rodents, to n       but a few, can see ultraviolet light.The massacre was a c         against humanity.Scientists’ dream has come t        .He fell v        to racial prejudice. 考点二：语法填空例2．单句语法填空1. It would be         our advantage to attend this meeting.2.            (give) her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.3. It took her a while to adjust to            (live) alone.4. Police have warned           possible delays.5. The number of reported crimes is increasing         an alarming rate.6. I demand               (see) the manager.7. He has put            new peace proposals.8. Limited resources are restricting our capacity         developing new products.9. There were            (massive) of people in the shops yesterday.10. She would like to be more               (finance) independent.11. Each of the area managers enjoys considerable              (autonomous) in the running of his own area.12. The dispute threatens               (split) the party.13. She doesn’t want to make a big emotional              (commit) to him at the moment.14. Drugs pose a major threat        our society.15. Imagine               (earn) that much money! 考点三：将来进行时例3．用所给动词的适当形式填空1. He __________ (lie) on one of the sunny beaches in Hawaii all day when he spends his holiday there.  2. Don’t call me between 2:00 and 4:00 this afternoon. I ________ (have) an test then.3. Nobody knew what ________ (happen) to the Earth in a century’s time.4. Mr. Lee said he would give the CD to me as soon as he ______ (return) from Canada.5. When we were young, father________ (take) us for a special treat on Mother’s day.6. ----Did you invite Sarah to your birthday party? ----Sorry, I forget. I _______ (call) her now.7. You have to put in more effort if you were _________ (pass) the test. 8. I __________ (tell) you about my plan, but you stopped me before I could speak.9. Will you __________（use）your computer this time tomorrow?10. I __________ (close) the kitchen door when a little mouse popped its head out.          【真题演练】2021-2022学年高二英语译林版选择性必修第二册Unit4单元测试A major ________ (重大进展) in AI came in 1997, when Deep Blue, a chess-playing computer, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov.From ______________(自主的) vehicles to domestic robots, from recommendation systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications.Would thinking machines work alongside humans or ____________(威胁) the existence of humans?____________(显然), such warnings demand our attention.Perhaps we should not be too ___________(贪婪的) and rather be careful what we wish for!Facial ______________(recognize) technology, with its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use.It offers a quick and cool _______(可供选择的) to traditional passwords, and you cannot forget your own face!At the moment, delivery drones are mainly used for military action and disaster relief, like the ______________(distribute) of medicines during emergencies, especially to places that are hard to reach by other means of transport.It can be ____________(预言)that before long many people will be using drones to deliver daily supplies like food and drink. There can be no ____________(否认) that the technology will have a huge impact on everyday life.In addition, drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports, posing a ___________to planes that are taking off or landing._____________(不合法的) hunters might also use drones to track and kill animals.The time capsule, ____________(bury) 50 feet below the ground in a park, was designed to be opened in the year 6939.____________(学术的) VR enables students to interact with others in a three-D environment.The _______(最初的)cost will discourage most people in the beginning but that should be fixed over time.         【过关检测】用所给词的适当形式填空  She ate noisily and             (greedy).  The             (threaten) strike has been called off.  This is a              (massive) popular game.  A group of gunmen attacked a prison and set free six            (crime).  They urged Congress              (approve) plans for their reform programme.  The company is in             (finance) difficulties.  The book is an              (analyse) of poverty and its causes.  In this way, each store can act                (autonomous) .  They are             (commit) socialists.One of these men may have been the              (murder).It soon became              (apparently) to everyone that he couldn’t sing.I had been           (warning) what to expect.The work is physically              (demand).He is             (arguable) the best actor of his generation. I had the operation on the                 (recommend) of my doctor.The invention would have a wide range of              (apply) in industry. 根据要求翻译句子对许多农民来说，庄稼歉收即意味着灾难。（spell disaster） 这次提升标志着她事业上的转折点。（turning point） 我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。（approach to doing） 靠撒谎度过难关他挺有一套。（capable of ） 联合国已要求撤出所有部队。（demand that...） 总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。（be committed to） 现在是你整顿财务状况的时候了。（It’s about time...） 这份报告呼吁给所有儿童教授游泳。（urge that...）