新人教版高考英语一轮复习考点规范练29含解析

这是一份新人教版高考英语一轮复习考点规范练29含解析，共10页。
考点规范练29Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·北京)By the end of the century,if not sooner,the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface.Oceancolour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by 3℃,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.“Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”shesaid,“but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.”Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.“It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,”Dutkiewiczsaid,“but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”1.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.2.What does the underlined word“vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Sensitive.　　 B.Beneficial.C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.3.What can we learn from the passage?A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B.Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.4.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B.Toanalyse the composition of the ocean food chain.C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·辽宁沈阳一模)Jayce Crowder began noticing when he was in kindergarten that he looked different from his classmates.They had two 　1　.He had one. “It started when one boy 　2　him,”says his mother,CortneyLewis.“He’d return home with questions:why am I 　3　?Why me?Why?” Lewis 　4　 she didn’t know what to do at that point.How could she 　5　 answers to her son’s questions when she had never got those answers herself? One day,Lewis　6　 a news story on the TV about a six-foot-three eighth grader from Washington,Iowa.TrashaunWillis,then 14,had become 　7　 on the Internet after posting videos of his slam dunks(扣篮),and,likeJayce,most of his left arm was 　8　.Lewis called Jayce in.He was 　9　 watching one dunk after another. At the time,it seemed that watching Trashaun would simply be a(n) 　10　 moment for Jayce.And had it stayed just that,Lewis would have been happy.But little did she 　11　 that a family friend had already 　12　 the DesMoinesRegister,asking the newspaper to help set up a(n) 　13　 with Trashaun to build up Jayce’s 　14　. The boys met at last and 　15　 became good friends.They rode bikes around the school’s hallways,tookphotos,played hide-and-seek,and shot baskets. At one point,Trashaun did get serious with Jayce.He talked about their left arms.He told Jayce he was 　16　.He told him not to let anyone 　17　 their confidence. Since that meeting,Lewis has seen a(n) 　18　 difference in her son.He has recently started wrestling and loves it.Lewis points to Trashaun’s　19　.“Meeting him,”shesaid,“made Jayce 　20　 that there are others like him.” As for Trashaun,his relationship with Jayce made him look forward to helping more kids.1.A.ears　　　　　 B.handsC.eyes D.feet2.A.pointed out B.listened toC.picked up D.laughed at3.A.normal B.shortC.different D.weak4.A.admits B.pretendsC.suspects D.ignores5.A.provide B.allowC.reflect D.instruct6.A.introduced B.madeC.found D.advertised7.A.content B.popularC.smart D.extraordinary8.A.rising B.failingC.covered D.missing9.A.attracted B.frightenedC.moved D.bored10.A.personal B.inspiringC.typical D.ordinary11.A.pay B.meanC.know D.require12.A.demanded B.contactedC.founded D.aroused13.A.party B.classC.organization D.meeting14.A.confidence B.strengthC.reputation D.personality15.A.constantly B.unselfishlyC.nervously D.instantly16.A.flexible B.strangeC.perfect D.charged17.A.inspect B.helpC.shake D.increase18.A.obvious B.accurateC.decreasing D.harmful19.A.devotion B.influenceC.action D.impression20.A.announce B.defendC.desire D.understandⅢ.语篇填空(2020·全国Ⅰ)China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—1.　　　　　　　(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moon’s far side is 2.　　　　　　　(extreme) challenging.Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3.　　　　　 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 4.　　　　　　　(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山),more so 5.　　　　　 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 6.　　　　　　　　(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists,”CarlePieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it 7.　　　　　　　(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8.　　　　　　　　　　　　(construct).”Data about the moon’s composition,such as how 9.　　　　　 ice and other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether 10.　　　　　(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical. Ⅳ.短文改错In July 21,I,together with some people,gathered at Youth Square at 5 a.m.Then we boarded a bus,where took us to WulingMountain,taking us two and a half hour.To tell the truth,Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot,where the scene was beautiful enough.When first climbing mountain,I felt excited,and walked fast,only take some pictures now and then.There was a large number of tourists that day,making the path crowded.Atnoon,I had a simply lunch,for I took some food with me.We had returned at four o’clock,laughing and talking.Tired but happy,we arrived home safely and sound.
考点规范练29(选修6　Unit4)Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了全球气候变化对海洋颜色的影响。1.B　段落大意题。根据文章前两段的内容可知,这两段主要介绍了海洋颜色发生变化的原因。所以选B项。2.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth...”可知,浮游生物容易受到气候变暖的影响,vulnerable的含义与sensitive最为接近。所以选A项。3.D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Butinsomewaters...,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知,在某些海域,气候变暖给浮游生物提供了更成熟的条件,而这些水域将会变得更绿。所以选D项。4.C　写作意图题。通读文章的第一段以及最后一段的内容可知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的就是解释气候变化对海洋的影响。所以选C项。Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。JayceCrowder左臂残缺,受到同学嘲笑,在和同样左臂残缺的TrashaunWillis见面并且成为好朋友后,JayceCrowder意识到世界上还有和他一样的人,进而对自己的未来充满了信心。1.B　根据第四段的mostofhisleftarmwas及倒数第三段的“Hetalkedabouttheirleftarms.”可知,JayceCrowder上幼儿园时就开始注意到自己和别人不一样,他们有两只手(hands),而他只有一只。2.D　根据上文“...helookeddifferentfromhisclassmates...Hehadone.”及下文的JayceCrowder回到家时的反应可知,JayceCrowder回到家的提问源于有一个男孩嘲笑(laughedat)他。3.C　根据上文中的“JayceCrowderbegannoticingwhenhewasinkindergartenthathelookeddifferentfromhisclassmates.”可知,此处表示JayceCrowder问妈妈为什么自己和其他人不同(different)。4.A　根据下文“Howcouldshe...answerstoherson’squestionswhenshehadnevergotthoseanswersherself?”可知,Lewis承认(admits)她当时不知道如何回答儿子的问题。pretend“假装”;suspect“怀疑”;ignore“忽视”。5.A　当自己还不知道答案时,她如何能为儿子提出的问题提供(provide)答案。allow“允许”;reflect“反映,沉思”;instruct“指导”。6.C　此处表示有一天,Lewis发现(found)了电视上的一个新闻故事。introduce“介绍”;make“制作”;advertise“做广告”。7.B　根据上文“Oneday,Lewis...anewsstoryontheTV...”可知,TrashaunWillis的事情已经成为新闻了,因此TrashaunWillis上传到网络上的扣篮视频使他在网上很受欢迎(popular)。8.D　根据空前的likeJayce可知,和Jayce一样,TrashaunWillis左臂的大部分也是缺失的(missing)。rise“上升”;fail“失败”;cover“覆盖”。9.A　根据空后的watchingonedunkafteranother可知,Jayce被TrashaunWillis的扣篮视频深深吸引(attracted)。10.B　上文说到Trashaun身体虽有残疾却能够扣篮,因此对Jayce来说,当时观看Trashaun的视频是一个鼓舞人心的(inspiring)时刻。11.C　但是Lewis几乎不知道(know),她的一位朋友已经联系(contact)了DesMoinesRegister。pay“付钱”;mean“打算,意味着”;require“要求”。12.B　参见上题解析。demand“要求,命令”;contact“联系”;found“建立”;arouse“唤起”。13.D　根据下文中的Theboysmetatlast可知,Lewis的朋友请求这家报纸帮忙给Jayce和Trashaun安排一次见面(meeting)来树立Jayce的信心。14.A　根据下文中的“Hetoldhimnottoletanyone...theirconfidence.”可知,这次见面的目的是树立Jayce的信心(confidence)。strength“力量,长处”;reputation“声誉”;personality“个性”。15.D　根据空后的“Theyrodebikesaroundtheschool’shallways,tookphotos,playedhide-and-seek,andshotbaskets.”可知,这两个男孩见面了,并且立刻(instantly)成了好朋友。constantly“持续地”;unselfishly“无私地”;nervously“紧张地”。16.C　从前文可知,Trashaun是个非常有自信的男孩。因此可以推断出,Trashaun告诉Jayce,他也是完美的(perfect)。flexible“灵活的”;strange“奇怪的”;charged“充满(某种情绪或想法)的;紧张的”。17.C　根据下文的“Sincethatmeeting,Lewishasseena(n)...differenceinherson.Hehasrecentlystartedwrestlingandlovesit.”可知,此处指他告诉他不要让任何人动摇(shake)他们的信心。inspect“检查”;help“帮助”;increase“增加”。18.A　此处表示自从那次见面后,Lewis在儿子身上已经看到了明显的(obvious)变化。accurate“准确的”;decreasing“减少的”;harmful“有害的”。19.B　根据空后她说的话可知,Lewis谈到Trashaun对她儿子的影响(influence)。devotion“奉献”;action“动作”;impression“印象”。20.D　与Trashaun的见面使Jayce明白(understand)世界上还有和他一样的人。announce“宣布”;defend“保卫”;desire“渴望”。Ⅲ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆,彰显了中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面着陆的国家的民族自豪感。1.touched　考查动词的时态。分析句子成分可知,主语为TheunmannedChang’e-4probe,设空处为谓语动词,根据空后的lastweek可知,此处应用一般过去时。2.extremely　考查副词。此处修饰形容词challenging,应用副词形式。3.where　考查定语从句。先行词是一个表示地点的名词spot,并且引导词在从句中充当地点状语,故用关系副词where。4.interest　考查名词。“be+of+抽象名词”为固定搭配。5.than　考查介词。前面的more是提示,构成比较结构。6.to find　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,这里用不定式短语做目的状语。7.means　考查动词的时态。根据上文的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,这里用it做主语,故用mean的第三人称单数形式。8.is constructed　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,moon与动词construct之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用被动语态。9.much　考查形容词。设空处后面的ice是不可数名词,故用much修饰。10.its　考查代词。由后面的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词。故用its。Ⅳ.　　 July 21,I,together with some people,gathered at Youth Square at 5 a.m.Then we boarded a bus, took us to Wuling Mountain,taking us two and a half .To tell the truth,Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot,where the scene beautiful enough.When first climbing mountain,I felt excited,and walked fast,only some pictures now and then.There a large number of tourists that day,making the path crowded.Atnoon,I had a lunch,for I took some food with me.Wehad returned at four o’clock,laughing and talking.Tired but happy,we arrived home and sound.