福建专用高考英语一轮复习考点规范练2含解析

这是一份福建专用高考英语一轮复习考点规范练2含解析，共7页。
考点规范练2Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·全国Ⅰ)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,often spoken by many people,while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages;the Americas about 1,000;Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150),Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival.1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patterns.D.They were closely connected.2.Which of the following best explains“dominant”underlined in paragraph 2?A.Complex.　　　 B.Advanced.C.Powerful. D.Modern.3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400.C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.4.What is the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution. BAs a student,I thought English was easy to learn but then I did not like our teacher,so I didn’t pay much attention to it.Little did I know then how much English would be a part of my life one day.Many years later,I was the branch manager of a company in Germany.Communication with a lot of people from different countries was just one of many daily tasks.I was having no problem understanding and communicating with any of them with one big exception:my boss is from England and English,spoken by British people,will always be my biggest challenge.In 1998,I moved to the Bahamas.And I realized I was lost when it came to small talk.Fortunately,it did not take me long to have personal conversations.About a year after my move,I realized that I even started dreaming in English and all my thoughts came in English as well.It’s kind of funny when you experience that,especially since I lived most of my life in Germany.Three years ago I met my husband,who is from Liverpool.The first couple of months I had headaches just from concentrating so hard on what he was saying.One part of our conversations in the beginning of our relationship became famous in our circle of friends.Let me share it with you:Here we are,sitting on the sofa,having a nice conversation and during that conversation he asked me,“Honey,how many holes do you have in your ear?”A weird(怪异的) question,I thought but answered anyway.“Three in my left and two holes in my right ear,my dear.”I had not even finished my sentence when he broke out in fits of laughter.When he finally caught his breath,he said,“Honey,my question was how many holidays do you have in a year?”and started laughing again.Even though I have lived and worked in an English speaking country now for over eight years,there are still words I don’t know.There are still times when I can’t find the right word to express myself.5.When the author was young,she 　　　. A.liked her English teacherB.didn’t try very hard to learn EnglishC.didn’t think English was easy to learnD.believed English was important to her6.After the author came to the Bahamas,she 　　　. A.failed to dream in EnglishB.tried to learn business EnglishC.found it difficult to make small talkD.found she was good at personal conversations7.Why did the author’s husband laugh?A.She told a funny story. B.She misheard his question.C.He saw her strange earholes. D.He misunderstood her answer.8.Which can be the best title for the text?A.Challenges of acquiring EnglishB.How to learn English efficientlyC.The importance of learning EnglishD.How my husband taught me EnglishⅡ.七选五阅读(2019·北京)Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.　1　 Companies spend millions hiring top business people.Is their money well spent? 　2　 They focused on football,basketball and baseball.The results are mixed.For football and basketball,adding talented players to a team proves a good method,but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent;above that level,the team’s performance begins to decline.Interestingly,this trend isn’t evident in baseball,where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance. To explain this phenomenon,the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions.　3　 In baseball,the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.They conclude that when task interdependence is high,team performance will suffer when there is too much talent,while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower.If a basketball star is,for example,trying to gain a high personal point total,he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate,affecting the team’s performance.Young children learning to play team sports are often told,“There is no I in TEAM.”　4　 Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team,some players may make less effort.Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛),whenever a person is added,everyone else pulls the rope with less force.　5　 An A-team may require a balance—not just A players,but a few generous B players as well. A.It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B.Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.C.The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.D.Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.E.Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.F.Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G.This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
考点规范练2(必修1　Unit2)Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是说明文。在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,语种众多。但是随着工业化、贸易、全球化等的发展,许多语种消失了。1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers...theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.”可知,在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,人们使用的语言种类很多。2.C　词义猜测题。根据上文提到的“allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear”和下文的“...suchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.”可知,英语、西班牙语和汉语正在逐渐取代一些语言。由此可猜测该词的意思是“占优势的”,所以选C项。3.B　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”和最后一句中的“...isamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知,B项正确。4.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,语种众多。但是随着工业化、贸易、全球化等的发展,许多语种消失了。由此可知,人类的发展导致了语种的减少,所以选C项。【解题导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己学生时代和成人以后学习英语的过程。5.B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“...IthoughtEnglishwaseasytolearnbutthenIdidnotlikeourteacher,soIdidn’tpaymuchattentiontoit.”可知,作者年轻时没有很努力地学习英语。6.C　细节理解题。由第三段中的“AndIrealizedIwaslostwhenitcametosmalltalk.”可知,作者来到巴哈马后发现自己不太会用英语闲聊。7.B　推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Honey,myquestionwashowmanyholidaysdoyouhaveinayear?”可知,作者的丈夫之所以大笑是因为作者听错了他的问题,导致答非所问。8.A　标题归纳题。本文主要讲作者工作和结婚后常常用到英语,总会遇到各种挑战,故A项最恰当。Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个团队的成功与顶尖队员之间的关系。1.B　本题考查细节句。根据下文提到的“Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?”可知,B项在句子结构和句意上均与下文吻合。2.E　本题考查主旨句。根据本段第二句“Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.”内容可知,本段讲述天赋在运动中的作用。3.G　本题考查过渡句。空前一句表明,“为了解释这一现象,研究人员探索了团队队员的协调程度对团队表现的影响”,选项G中的“taskinterdependence”与空前句中的“coordinatetheiractions”文意对应,同时,在空格后也多次出现。而G项正好起到承上启下的作用。所以选G项。4.D　本题考查段尾句。根据本段空前的句子“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”是人们经常告诉小孩子的话。D项中的thisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship正好与这条原则相符。所以选D项。5.F　本题考查主旨句。本段下文讲述一个优秀的团队需要一种平衡,而不仅仅是顶尖队员。故F项“Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.”可作为本段的主旨句。