高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage测试题

课时素养检测三

Unit 1　Period 3

Ⅰ.  阅读理解

A

Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city’s cultural heritage,  in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong. 

Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China,  but they are at risk.  Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,  000 Hutongs,  most of which are near the Forbidden City.  Only 60 years ago,  the number was 3,  250.  In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng,  some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture. 

“On average more than 100,  000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.  The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics,  ” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning,  adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage. 

The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked.  The head of the Xicheng district government said the area has 182 cultural relics,  many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368).  “The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.  ”

“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage,  especially Hutongs,  and any action to damage the heritage will be punished.  ”

No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years. 

【语篇概述】北京的胡同不仅是小小的街道,  它承载着北京几百年的历史和文化。本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、现状及政府的保护措施。

1.  How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing?

A.  Fewer than 1,  000.  　　　 B.  About 2,  000. 

C.  More than 3,  000.     D.  Over 4,  000. 

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Beijing is currently believed.  .  .  was 3,  250.  ”可知,  北京胡同的数量由60年前的3 250条减少至现在的不到1 000条,  共减少了大约2 000条。

2.  According to Paragraph 3,  which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics?

A.  People’s activity.     B.  Residents’ attitude. 

C.  Communities’ behavior.   D.  The governments’ policy. 

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The visits put pressure.  .  .  relics”和“Hutongs should be protected from human damage”可知,  文化遗迹遭到破坏的主要因素是人们的活动。

3.  Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs?

A.  To attract more visitors. 

B.  To increase the local population. 

C.  To punish anyone damaging it. 

D.  To forbid everyone from getting close to it. 

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“.  .  .  any action to damage the heritage will be punished.  ”可知,  加大对破坏胡同行为的惩罚是对保护胡同比较有用的措施。

4.  What is the author’s attitude toward Hutongs?

A.  Optimistic.    B.  Pessimistic. 

C.  Uninterested.   D.  Appreciative. 

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“No one knows for sure.  .  .  100 years.  ”可知,  作者对胡同未来的命运深感担忧,  持悲观态度。

B

In Europe,  there is no escape for those who do not appreciate art and architecture(建筑).  It is a heaven for people who want to feel like they have been transported to famous historical time periods from America.  For me,  Europe was a complete contrast from America.  London and France had a more royal feel than New York,  and Rome felt more ancient.  I wasn’t just on a different continent;  it felt like I was in a different century. 

My parents and I visited London,  Paris and Rome this summer in celebration of the end of my high school experience.  It was supposed to be a break from a life as busy as a bee in New York,  the constant stress,  the crowded subway rides,  and the weary body that had accompanied me for the last four years.  It was an opportunity to appreciate Europe the way I couldn’t do it just by reading history books. 

My favorite parts of London were the Tower of London and the Churchill War Rooms.  As a site of past executions(刑场),  the Tower of London displayed punishing devices from the 16th and 17th century and told stories of various members of the royal family who had ever been imprisoned in the tower,  some even imprisoned by their own family members when they were seen as a threat to the crown.  Besides that,  I also got to see the royal family’s crown jewels,  amazingly beautiful. 

The Churchill War Rooms,  though very different from the Tower of London,  were also spellbinding from a historic perspective.  I am not a history fan,  but I enjoy museums,  and I took fancy in the Churchill Museum inside the War Rooms that detailed the events of Churchill’s life and World War Ⅱ.  Everything I saw in it built up his life from his childhood to his last years,  creating a three-dimensional Churchill in my mind who was a person just like myself.  He longed for more,  he made mistakes,  he experienced loneliness and sadness.  But he had also done some remarkable things like uniting Britain during World War Ⅱ. 

Our rewarding trip ended in Rome a couple of days later. 

【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了作者和父母为了庆祝作者高中毕业的一次欧洲行。作者游览过程中对比发现了欧洲和美国的不同之处,  并介绍了伦敦塔和丘吉尔博物馆两个令作者印象深刻的景点。

5.  What does the underlined word “contrast” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A.  Something different.  　　B.  Something artistic. 

C.  Something similar.     D.  Something faraway. 

【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据本段下文中关于美国与欧洲城市间的对比,  可知contrast意思为“对比; 不同; 差别”。

6.  Which of the following can best describe the writer’s life in New York?

A.  Relaxing and peaceful.   B.  Stressful and tiring. 

C.  Joyful but busy.     D.  Boring but successful. 

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It was supposed to be.  .  .  four years.  ”可知作者在纽约过去四年的生活是疲惫而充满压力的。

7.  What can be learned from Para.  3?

A.  The Tower of London is a symbol of peace. 

B.  The royal family members used to live in harmony. 

C.  The Tower of London witnessed changes of royal families. 

D.  Visitors could buy the crown jewels in Churchill War Rooms. 

【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“the Tower of London.  .  .  the crown.  ”可知伦敦塔见证了皇室家庭的许多变迁。

8.  What really got the writer spellbound (入迷的) in the Churchill Museum?

A.  The unique architecture. 

B.  World War Ⅱ. 

C.  Churchill’s achievements. 

D.  Churchill’s real life. 

【解析】选D。细节理解题。最后一段中“Everything I saw.  .  .  like myself.  ”可知,  作者在丘吉尔博物馆看到的从丘吉尔童年时期直到他最后几年的生活,  在作者脑中构建了一个三维立体的丘吉尔形象,  这正是让作者着迷的地方。

Ⅱ.  完形填空

Scientists find that hardworking people live longer than average men and women.  Career women are healthier than housewives.  Evidence shows that the 　1　 are in poorer health than the job-holders.  A study shows 　2　 the unemployment rate increases by 1%,  the death rate 　3　 correspondingly (相应地) by 2%.  All this comes down to one point: work is helpful to health.   

Why is work good for health?  It is 　4　 work keeps people busy,  away from loneliness and solitude (孤独).  Researches show that people feel 　5　,  worried and lonely when they have nothing to do.  Instead,  the happiest are those who are 　6　.  Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when working hard.  Work serves as a bridge between man and reality.  By work,  people 　7　 each other.  By group activity,  they find friendship and warmth.  This is helpful to health.  The loss of work 　8　 the loss of everything.  It affects man spiritually and makes him liable to 　9　.   

　10　,  work gives one a sense of achievement.  Work makes one feel his 　11　 and status in society.  When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully 　12　 a patient or a teacher sees his students grow,  all of them will be happy beyond 　13　.   

From the above we can 　14　 the conclusion (结论) that the more you 　15　,  the happier and healthier you will be.  Let us work hard,  study well and live a happy and healthy life.   

1.  A.  beautiful　　　　　　   B.  injured

C.  jobless        D.  sick

【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据Career women are healthier than housewives.  可知证据表明没有工作的人比有工作的人身体更差。

2.  A.  whenever B.  whether

C.  though   D.  since

【解析】选A。词汇辨析题。句意: 研究表明无论什么时候,  失业率提高1%,  死亡率就相应提高2%。

3.  A.  stays　 B.  changes　C.  falls　　D.  increases

【解析】选D。词汇辨析题。根据Scientists find that hardworking people live longer than average men and women.  可推测,  研究表明无论什么时候,  失业率提高1%,  死亡率就相应提高2%。

4.  A.  where B.  that C.  because D.  why

【解析】选C。词汇辨析题。句意: 这是因为工作让人保持忙碌,  远离寂寞和孤独。

5.  A.  lucky B.  serious C.  cheerful D.  sad

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意: 研究表明当人们无事可做时,  他们会感到悲伤、担心和孤独。

6.  A.  busy B.  free C.  lazy D.  empty

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据Researches show that people feel ________,  .  .  .  have nothing to do.  可知,  此处意思是最快乐的人是忙碌的人。 

7.  A.  come up with B.  have contact with

C.  look down upon  D.  look up to

【解析】选B。习语搭配题。句意: 通过工作,  人们彼此之间取得联系。come up with提出;  have contact with与……联系;  look down upon看不起;  look up to仰慕。

8.  A.  means B.  explains

C.  becomes  D.  matches

【解析】选A。词汇辨析题。句意: 失去了工作意味着(mean)失去了一切。

9.  A.  peace  B.  silence

C.  happiness  D.  disease

【解析】选D。词汇辨析题。句意: 它在精神上影响人,  使他易于患病(disease)。

10.  A.  Besides  B.  Nevertheless

C.  However   D.  Yet

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。句意: 此外(Besides),  工作给人一种成就感。

11.  A.  pay B.  value C.  rate D.  price

【解析】选B。词汇辨析题。句意: 工作使人感觉到他在社会中的价值和地位。

12.  A.  manages B.  controls

C.  operates on  D.  deals with

【解析】选C。背景常识题。根据a doctor可知一名医生给病人成功地做手术。operates on做手术。

13.  A.  doubt B.  actions C.  notes D.  words

【解析】选D。词汇辨析题。句意: 这些全部是无法用言语(words)表达的快乐。

14.  A.  turn to B.  come to

C.  stick to  D.  point to

【解析】选B。习语搭配题。综上所述,  我们可以得出结论。come to the conclusion得出结论。

15.  A.  dance B.  play C.  work D.  speak

【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。你工作(work)得越多,  你就会越快乐,  越健康。

Ⅲ.  语法填空

阅读下面材料,  在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Great Wall of China 1.  ________ (list) in the World Cultural Heritage(世界文化遗产) by UNESCO in 1987.  Just 2.  a huge dragon,  it winds up and down across deserts,   grasslands and mountains,  3.  ________ (cover) approximately 6,  700 kilometers from the east to the west of China.   

In ancient China,  many people built walls around their states to protect their land.  It was Emperor Qing Shihuang who had the walls 4.  ________ (join) up.  The project cost much money and hundreds of thousands of people worked on 5.  ________ wall.  On top of it,  it is wide enough for five horses or ten men 6.  ________ (walk) side by side.  Along the wall are watchtowers,  7.  ________ soldiers used to keep watch.  With a history of more than 2,  000 years,  some of the sections of the Great Wall are now in ruins or even disappeared.  However,  it is still one of the most 8.  ________ (attract) spots around the world because of its wonderful buildings and historical 9.  ________ (important).  Many of the tourists have come to know the famous Chinese saying— “He who does not reach the Great Wall 10.  (be) not a true man.  ” 

【语篇概述】本文为说明文。文章介绍了中国的万里长城。

1.  【解析】was listed。考查时态语态。句意: 中国长城于1987年被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产。根据语境可知,  此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was listed。

2.  【解析】like。考查介词。句意: 它就像一条巨龙,  在沙漠、草原和山脉上蜿蜒。like“像”。

3.  【解析】covering。考查非谓语动词。因本句的谓语是winds,  所以此处应用非谓语动词。因为cover与主语it在逻辑上是主谓关系,  故用现在分词作伴随状语。从中国的东部到西部长约6 700千米。

4.  【解析】joined。考查过去分词。句意: 是秦始皇把这些墙连接起来的。固定搭配: have sth.  done“使某事被做”。故填joined。

5.  【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 这个工程耗资巨大,  成千上万的人在城墙上工作。此处特指城墙,  应使用定冠词。故填the。

6.  【解析】to walk。考查不定式。句意: 它的宽度足够五匹马或十个人并排沿着城墙走。句型: It’s+adj.  for sb.  to do sth.  “对某人来说做某事是……”。故填to walk。

7.  【解析】where。考查定语从句。句意: 沿着城墙有瞭望塔,  士兵们过去常在那里守望。此处先行词是watchtowers,  从句关系词在从句中作地点状语,  应使用关系副词where引导。

8.  【解析】attractive。考查形容词。句意: 然而,  它仍然是世界上最吸引人的地方之一。attractive“吸引人的”。形容词作定语。

9.  【解析】importance。考查名词。句意: 因为它的极佳的建筑和历史上的重要性。importance“重要性”。

10.  【解析】is。考查主谓一致。句意: 不到长城非好汉。who does not reach the Great Wall是修饰主语He的定语从句,  且是通用谚语,  因此谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式is。故填is。