高考英语二轮复习5.1.1 阅读理解提速练含答案

这是一份高考英语二轮复习5.1.1 阅读理解提速练含答案，共8页。
第一节 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
(2018·湖北七校高三第一次联考)Leaders shape histry and here is a selectin f the mst remarkable views int these public figures plus first-hand accunts by thse with access t them.
Margaret Thatcher by Charles Mre (2013)
Befre Mre published the first vlume f his bigraphy, there had already been a muntain f bks n Thatcher. Mre's accunt is different. He shws that far frm being fearless, she culd ften be fearful withut cause. The final vlume will include her fall frm pwer.
Harld Wilsn by Ben Pimltt (1992)
Harld Wilsn had becme a ghstly figure when this bk was published in 1992. The absence heightened a sense f mystery. Wh was he? Hw t explain his seemingly cntradictry characteristics? Pimltt slves sme f the mysteries; the bk is detailed until Wisln's final phase as prime minister in 1974.
Churchill by Ry Jenkins (2001)
Jenkins writes as a plitician as well as a histrian, analyzing Churchill's histric mves frm the pinins f ne wh had als spken in the Cmmns.Jenkins had resigned frm high psitins in battles ver plicy，and as ne that changed parties, thugh nt as frequently as Churchill did.
Ry Jenkins by Jhn Campbell (2014)
Campbell calmly narrates many plitical and persnal dramas, including Jenkins' intense relatinship with Anthny Crsland when they were bth students at Oxfrd. Campbell als addresses Jenkins' varius affairs with wmen. Like Jenkins' plitical heres, he led many lives. Campell is sharp in describing each f them.
Diaries，Vlumes One t Six by Alastair Campbell (2017)
Lve r hate him, Campbell remains the master f the inside stry, nt just because f his unusual ideas n the relatinship between Tny Blair and Grdn Brwn. This is an incredibly detailed bk n what it's like t live inside N. 10：the cruel space f events; and the cnstant cnflict with the media.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了五本有关改变历史的世界伟人的传记，书的作者是掌握这一伟人的第一手资料者。文章具体介绍了作者姓名、出版时间、书的内容等。
1．Which f the fllwing leaders has the largest number f bks written abut him/her?
A．Harld Wilsn. B．Churchill.
C．Margaret Thatcher. D．Tny Blair.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Befre Mre published the first vlume f his bigraphy, there had already been a muntain f bks n Thatcher”可知，在摩尔出版他的第一本传记之前，已经有很多关于撒切尔夫人的书了；其他四本书的介绍中都没有提及曾经有专门介绍该政治家的书出版。据此可知，在介绍的五个政治领导人中，写撒切尔夫人的书最多，故C项正确。
【答案】 C
2．Which writer was nce a plitician?
A．Ben Pimltt. B．Charles Mre.
C．Jhn Campbell. D．Ry Jenkins.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Jenkins writes as a plitician as well as a histrian, analyzing Churchill's histric mves frm the pinins f ne wh had als spken in the Cmmns”可知，詹金斯是一位政治家，也是一位历史学家。故D项正确。其他作者都没有提及曾经是政治家。
【答案】 D
3．What's the authr's purpse f writing the passage?
A．T intrduce sme histries n electins.
B．T recmmend sme bks n leaders.
C．T tell sme mysteries abut histrians.
D．T think highly f sme famus leaders.
【解析】 目的意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了五本有关改变历史的世界伟人的传记，书的作者是掌握这一伟人的第一手资料者，文章具体介绍了作者姓名、出版时间、书的内容等。据此可知，本文旨在推荐一些关于政治领导人的书籍，故B项正确。
【答案】 B
B
(2018·南昌市高三三模)Since 1985, Jhnny Jennings, 86, has been selling newspapers and magazines t a recycling center with his sn. By the time Jennings' nly child was 17, he stpped jining his father. Even thugh his sn is all grwn up nw, Jennings hasn't slwed dwn his effrts. In fact, he has turned his recycling mney int smething bigger.
The Ringgld, Gergia native visits lcal churches and businesses t cllect paper, which he brings t a recycling center fr mney. But instead f putting thse earnings in his wn bank accunt, he sends every dllar t Gergia Baptist Children's Hmes & Family Ministries. Once a year, he'll give the rganizatin a check smewhere between $ 10，000 and $35，000. By 2016, that tallied up t $400，000.
These days, Jennings' recycling has turned int a cmmunity effrt. After he has made his wn runds recycling paper frm businesses and churches, he'll find mre items waiting fr him at hme. Cmmunity members drp ff ther recyclables at his huse s he can sell them, alng with bks, fd, clthes, and ther items t give away.
Recycling centers typically pay just ne-half t three cents per pund f paper, but Jennings' visits have added up the big time. In 2016 alne, he sld mre than 400，000 punds f paper and 51，000 aluminum cans(铝罐)，and cllected mre than 32，000 pennies. Over the curse f 32 years he has recycled mre than 9.8 millin punds f paper, saving an estimated 79，000 trees in the prcess.
Jennings says he'll cntinue raising mney fr charity as lng as his health allws.
【语篇解读】 文章讲述了乐于助人的Jhnny Jennings常年回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的故事。
4．Hw ld was Jhnny Jennings when he started recycling?
A．17. B．32.
C．54. D．86.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since 1985, Jhnny Jennings, 86, has been selling newspapers and magazines t a recycling center with his sn”和第四段中的“Over the curse f 32 years he has recycled”可知，Jhnny Jennings开始回收废旧物品时应该是54岁。
【答案】 C
5．The underlined wrd“tallied”in Paragraph 2 prbably means“________”．
A．added B．lked
C．made D．mixed
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据该词所在句及前一句“Once a year, he'll give the rganizatin a check smewhere between $10，000 and $35，000. By 2016, that tallied up t $400，000”中的数据可知，tallied意为：计算总数。所以A项正确。
【答案】 A
6．What is cmmunity members' attitude twards Jhnny Jennings?
A．Unclear. B．Dubtful.
C．Tlerant. D．Supprtive.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Cmmunity members drp ff ther recyclables at his huse s he can sell them, alng with bks, fd, clthes, and ther items t give away”可知，Jhnny Jennings所在社区的成员们支持他回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的工作。
【答案】 D
7．What makes Jhnny Jennings special?
A．His lng life and hbby.
B．His recycling wrk and dnatin.
C．The pennies he cllects.
D．The amunt f trees he plants.
【解析】 推理判断题。文章讲述Jhnny Jennings常年回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的故事。所以是回收废旧物品资助慈善机构的故事让Jhnny Jennings与众不同。
【答案】 B
C
(2018·河北省“五个一名校”高三联考)Imagine this scene：it's blwing utside, and yu snuggle(蜷伏) up n the sfa under a warm quilt, chatting and recalling with yur clsest friends.
That cntent, csy feeling, has a name in Danish—hygge. And, as Denmark recently wn the title f “the happiest cuntry in the wrld”， the cncept f hygge is knwn t mre and mre peple interested in finding ways t understand this cncept.
Hygge—riginally frm a Nrwegian wrd meaning well-being—desn't have an exact equivalent(对应物) in English. It's ften translated as cziness, r as blgger Anna West tld the BBC，“cziness f the sul”. But, prfessr Maren Spark explains，“Hygge was never meant t be translated. It was meant t be felt.”
Basically, hygge invlves creating a warm, csy atmsphere and enjying it with yur lved nes. Danish winters are lng and dark, s achieving hygge is particularly relevant during this seasn. A typical hygge activity during winter culd be enjying delicius hmemade fd and light?hearted cnversatin with friends—preferably in the warm glw f candlelight, r maybe sipping a glass f wine in the ht tub after a day spent skiing.
Hwever，hygge isn't nly limited t the cld winter mnths—it can als describe that warm, fuzzy feeling yu get after a walk thrugh a frest with friends n a summer's day r a family barbecue in the park. Hygge is meant t be shared.
【语篇解读】 每年，丹麦人都会经历漫长而阴沉的冬日，可是丹麦却被认为是世界上最幸福的国家。文章向我们介绍了丹麦人是如何通过创造舒适的环境来提高幸福指数的。
8．The authr asks the readers t imagine the scene in the first paragraph t________．
A．help the readers t calm dwn
B．intrduce the tpic f the passage
C．present the main idea f the passage
D．remind the readers f their past memries
【解析】 推理判断题。由文章第一段和第二段可知，作者让读者想象这个情景是为了引出文章所要介绍的话题“hygge”。
【答案】 B
9．What d the underlined sentences by Maren Spark mean?
A．The translatin f the wrd “hygge” is nt gd enugh.
B．Only Danish speakers knw what “hygge” means.
C．“Hygge” is easy t translate but hard t feel.
D．We can get the true meaning f “hygge” by feeling it.
【解析】 句意理解题。根据第三段可知，“hygge”这个词常被解释为“cziness”，下文由“But”引出“prfessr Maren Spark”的观点“‘hygge’不应该被翻译，而应用来感受”。由此可知，我们只有通过感受才能理解“hygge”的真正内涵。
【答案】 D
10．Which f the fllwing can be best described as a “hygge” activity?
A．Skiing in the cld winter mnths.
B．Living thrugh lng dark winters.
C．Taking afternn tea with friends.
D．Walking alne in the frest.
【解析】 推理判断题。由倒数第二段的第一句可知，“hygge”与创造一个温暖舒适的氛围并与你爱的人一起分享有关。C项中的“Taking afternn tea”符合“creating a warm, csy atmsphere”，“friends”对应“yur lved nes”。故选C项。
【答案】 C
11．The authr writes this passage t________．
A．explain B．persuade
C．cmment D．advertise
【解析】 写作目的题。纵观全文可以看出，文章采用情景介绍、概念介绍、举例说明的方式向我们介绍了一种创造舒适的环境来提高幸福指数的生活方式：hygge。故选A项。
【答案】 A
D
(2018·甘肃重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)In ancient Egypt, the pharah(法老) treated the message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brught gd news. Hwever, if the exhausted runner had the misfrtune t bring the pharah unhappy news, his head was cut ff.
Shades f that spirit spread ver tday's cnversatins. Once a friend and I packed up sme peanut butter and sandwiches fr an uting. As we walked light-heartedly ut f the dr, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbr lked up at the sky and said，“Oh by, a bad day fr a picnic. The weatherman says it's ging t rain.”I wanted t strike him n the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Nt fr his stupid weather reprt, but fr his smile.
Several mnths ag I was racing t catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful f cash acrss the Greyhund cunter, the sales agent said with a brad smile，“Oh, that bus left five minutes ag.”Dreams f head-cutting!
It's nt the news that makes smene angry. It's the unsympathetic attitude with which it's delivered (传递). Everyne must give bad news frm time t time, and big winners d it with the prper attitude.A dctr advising his patient that she needs an peratin des it in a caring way.A bss infrming an emplyee he fails t get the jb takes n a sympathetic tne.Big winners knw, when delivering any bad news，they shuld share the feeling f the receiver.
Unfrtunately，many peple are nt aware f this. When yu're tired frm a lng flight, has a htel clerk cheerfully said that yur rm isn't ready yet? When yu had yur heart set n the tasted beef，has yur waiter merrily tld yu that he just served the last piece? It makes yu as a traveler r diner want t land yur fist right n their unsympathetic faces.
Had my neighbr tld me f the upcming rainstrm with sympathy，I wuld have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhund salesclerk sympathetically infrmed me that my bus had already left, I prbably wuld have said，“Oh，that's all right.I'll catch the next ne.” Big winners，when they bear bad news, deliver bmbs with the emtin the bmbarded(被轰炸的) persn is sure t have.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述当我们要告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意说话的方式和语气，还要带有同情心。
12．Frm“Dreams f head?cutting！”(Paragraph 3), we learn that the writer________．
A．was reminded f the cruel pharah
B．was mad at the sales agent
C．wished that the sales agent wuld have bad dreams
D．dreamed f cutting the sales agent's head that night
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的描述可知，“我”对售票员的态度很恼火。
【答案】 B
13．Which f the fllwing is true?
A．The authr really appreciated the neighbr's warning.
B．Frm the passage we knw that it is the bad news that makes smene angry.
C．If the runner brught t the pharah unhappy news, he wuld be treated like a prince.
D．When we want t deliver any bad news, we shuld share the feeling f the receiver.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Big winners knw，when delivering any bad news, they shuld share the feeling f the receiver”可知，当告诉别人不好的消息的时候，应该带有同情心，应该分担消息接收者不好的感觉。
【答案】 D
14．What is the main idea f the text?
A．Receiving bad news requires great curage.
B．Helping thers sincerely is the key t business success.
C．Delivering bad news with sympathy is imprtant in cmmunicatin.
D．Learning ancient traditins can be useful.
【解析】 主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们：当我们告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意讲话的方式和态度，应该带有同情心，分担别人的忧愁。
【答案】 C
15．In the writer's pinin, his neighbr was________．
A．nt helpful B．nt cnsiderate
C．friendly D．warm-hearted
【解析】 推理判断题。第二段中的“As we walked light-heartedly ut f the dr, picnic basket in hand，a smiling neighbr lked up at the sky and wanted t strike him n the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches”以及最后一段中的“Had my neighbr tld me f the upcming rainstrm with sympathy, I wuld have appreciated his warning”可知，“我”认为邻居没有同情心，不能为别人考虑。故选B项。
【答案】 B
第二节 阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2018·贵阳市高三第一学期检测)Reading is an interesting and useful thing. Yu can read a nvel r a pem. But d yu knw hw t read? Here's sme advice fr yu.
Define yur purpse f reading. Befre yu start reading, ask yurself why yu are reading this bk.__1__．Being specific and clear abut yur reading purpse nt nly helps yu t eliminate bks that yu dn't need t read, it als reminds yu why reading the bk is imprtant t yu as yu are reading it.__2__．
__3__．Whether yu are reading fictin r nnfictin, it's imprtant t enjy what yu read. Yur friends may recmmend bks that they lve, but thse bks might nt necessarily be the nes yu enjy.
Give up bks that yu dn't enjy. Yu may have selected bks that are aligned(使一致) with yur purpse.__4__．But as yu are reading them, there may still be sme bks that yu wn't enjy reading. Whenever yu realize that yu aren't enjying the bk yu are reading, give it up. Remember reading shuldn't be a chre(令人厌烦的工作)．
Give yurself a deadline t cmplete each bk. Befre yu read each bk, ask yurself when yu need t cmplete this bk. When yu dn't set a deadline t cmplete yur bk, there isn't a sense f urgency.__5__， yu tend t prcrastinate(拖延)．
A．When smething is urgent
B．When smething isn't urgent
C．Because reading is very imprtant
D．Read nly what yu are attracted t
E．Yu may have selected bks that yu are attracted t
F．Mst peple read fr tw main reasns—pleasure r knwledge
G．This mtivates yu t keep reading and cmplete the bk faster
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，提供了几条阅读的建议。
1．【解析】 上文提到要明确你阅读的目的，在你开始阅读之前，问问自己为什么要读这本书，而F项指出，大多数人阅读的原因有两个，一个是快乐，一个是知识，前后语意衔接，故选F项。F项中的“tw main reasns—pleasure r knwledge”与文中的purpse相呼应。
【答案】 F
2．【解析】 上文说明确你的阅读目的不仅可以帮助你排除你不需要阅读的书，这也提醒你读(正在读的)这本书的重要性，这会激励你不断地阅读并更快地完成这本书，故G项与此处匹配。
【答案】 G
3．【解析】 根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为段落主题句。下文说无论你读的是小说还是非小说类纪实作品，享受你所读的东西是很重要的。D项“仅阅读能够引起你的兴趣的东西”，概括准确，故选D。其中“what yu are attracted t”与“enjy what yu read”相呼应。
【答案】 D
4．【解析】 上文提到你可以选择与你的阅读目标相一致的书，E项提到你可能选了一些能够引起你的兴趣的书，前后语意衔接，故选E。
【答案】 E
5．【解析】 下文说你倾向于拖延，且空处后为逗号；结合空前一句可知，空处所在句表示当事情并不紧急时，你有拖延的倾向，前后语意一致，故选B。
【答案】 B