山东高考英语阅读七选五专项模拟训练

这是一份山东高考英语阅读七选五专项模拟训练，共12页。
The Cabin Air is 15% Drier Than the Air n the Grund
T maintain the pressure inside the cabin, airlines must clsely regulate the air inside, invlving changing its cmpsitin. The air inside airplane cabins is far mre dry than the air we breathe n the grund.____2____In an envirnment like this, yur pwers f taste and smell begin t drift away.
The Pressure Inside the Cabin is Lwer Than n the Grund
In the pressurized cabin a passenger’s bdily fluids will mve upwards and the nasal cavities (鼻 腔) swell. The swelling messes with ur taste buds, making the fd taste unappealing. Yu might knw hw dining in such cnditins feel, since we’ve all fught clds in the past.____3____
____4____
Bad fd can’t be blamed merely n the in-cabin cnditins t. It’s als pssible that the fd is actually bad. Due t fd safety standards, all meals must be cked n the grund and unbreakable. Such requirements fr mass prductin definitely ties dwn the Chef’s hands.
What can be dne?
____5____Apparently, chefs have been trying t adapt recipes in hw fd tastes at high altitudes. Everyne needs t be patient until better slutins fr mass fd prductin are fund.
A．The methd f fd prductin is different.
B．The mass prductin f fd is t blame.
C．In sme cases, it’s even drier than certain deserts.
D．A sick persn is far frm the best judge f fd quality.
E．That makes it ur bdy’s fault, rather than the airlines.
F．But that desn’t mean meals served n airplanes can’t taste just as gd.
G．Basically, we can’t use the same recipes fr airline meals that we wuld use n the grund.
Everybdy experiences self-dubt frm time t time. When feelings f self-dubt last fr lng perids, hwever, yu may have lw self- esteem. Lw self-esteem is used t describe smene with a negative view f neself, feelings f wrthlessness. Generally peple fall n a cntinuum frm lw t high self-esteem.____6____
Frtunately, lw self-esteem desn’t have t be permanent. Recgnizing symptms f lw self-esteem, understanding its causes and learning steps t vercme it can g a lng way tward making yu feeling wrthy and cnfident.
What Causes Lw Self-Esteem?
Lw self-esteem can have many triggers and begin at any time in life. Sme experts say lw self- esteem is mre the result f negative experiences.____7____ Althugh it seems that ur emtins and mtivatins result directly frm the events and circumstances we encunter, they are instead reactins t ur self-talk.
Symptms f Lw Self-Esteem
Pr self-esteem can affect a persn’s thughts, emtins, and patterns f behavir. Smetimes these signs can be mre apparent, but in sme cases that can be much mre subtle. Sme cmmn signs f lw self-esteem are utlined belw.
Pr cnfidence.
Negative scial cmparisn.
____8____
Trying t please thers.
Truble accepting psitive feedback.
Ways t Build Self-Esteem
Yu can build self-esteem with many techniques. Here are sme t get yu started.
Write dwn yur definitin f wrth.____9____ When we use general phrases, it’s easy t say we dn’t feel gd, because we can’t even truly define what we’re saying. Furthermre, make sure that the wrth is cming frm a healthy place. If all f ur wrth is cming frm a surce like hw many fllwers we have n scial media, that’s nt healthy.
____10____ A path t self-acceptance is ften a lng ne and has many peaks and valleys. It takes effrt and adaptatin. It als requires us t be mindful in ur interactins with urselves and ur wrld arund us.
A．Be specific.
B．Set mre realistic gals.
C．Friends serve as a mirrr fr ne’s image.
D．Being quiet r withdrawn in grup settings.
E．Others say it cmes frm a critical inner vice.
F．Dn’t beat yurself up if change desn’t happen vernight.
G．This can vary frm day t day and frm situatin t situatin.
A new year can bring new excitement and pprtunities t grw fr kids, t. ___11___ New Year’s reslutins can be a beneficial way fr kids t get mtivated, accrding t the American Academy f Pediatrics.
“___12___ ”said Dr. Lanre Falusi, a Washingtn, D．C．, pediatrician (儿科医生) in an American Academy f Pediatrics statement. “Kids als lve having smething t wrk tward and t have fun keeping track n sticker charts r getting praise r rewards as they reach these gals.”
The idea f a gal may als be easier fr yunger children t grasp. Jack Frezell, 3, f Ontari, Canada, said his gal fr next year is t “g n my bike by myself.” Setting gals can teach children persistence, fcus and the value f planning, accrding t Gary Latham, Secretary f State Prfessr f Organizatinal Behavir at the University f Trnt, wh specializes in gal setting. “ ___13___ ” Latham said, “It teaches them cntrl ver their envirnment instead f being dependent n Mm and Dad.”
___14___ “It has t be cncrete; it has t be within the child’s ability t attain; and there has t be a reasnable time frame,” said Latham. He nted that nce kids reach age 7 r s, it’s achievable fr them t set a gal and make their wn plan fr hw t pursue and attain it. ___15___ Here’s when t shw children with inspiratin and give them a hand.
“Next thing yu knw, the verall gal has been attained, and it gives kids a sense f accmplishment, excitement and achievement,” he said.
A．Setting realistic gals is difficult fr kids.
B．The big impact is that it teaches them initiative.
C．Hw imprtant it is t set healthy gals with kids.
D．Gals that are bth specific and achievable are key.
E．They can learn t fcus n new gals just like adults.
F．If it’s nt specific, sme kids are likely t blame themselves.
G．Of curse, guidance frm parents is still helpful fr kids f all ages.
Tday’s children spend t much time nline, which gives them an abnrmal perceptin f reality. We adults are expected t fill their lives with wnder by taking them t a site featuring smething natural.
Nature is actually the best envirnment fr children t enjy, explre, and absrb. When expsed t nature, children dn’t just see the beauty as we adults d. ___16___ They autmatically becme hands-n in nature, climbing n rcks, swinging frm trees and picking things up.
Children begin t wnder in nature. Natural materials such as leaves and sticks prvide endless pssibilities fr play and imaginatin. ___17___ Children have t cme up with ideas f hw t use them.
Additinally, nature gives children ultimate freedm—they dn’t necessarily have t fllw the rules and tasks set fr them when indrs. They becme mre cnfident by learning new skills. If they can catch a fish, they’ll have a cl stry t share with their friends. ___18___
Given s many benefits, we need t find ways t supprt children’s cnnectin with nature. ___19___ Shvels (铁锹), cameras and related resurces may unfld a mre magical wrld. When explring its cmpnents, children develp their wn persnal relatinship with nature, which will carry meaning int their understanding f nature.
___20___ Tree branches can be suspended frm the ceiling, displaying children’s artwrk. Lse materials, such as stnes and leaves, can be exhibited in baskets fr their imaginatin t prvide an idea. All this strengthens nature’s beauty, purpse and gifts.
A．They dn’t cme with directins.
B．Nature can even be brught indrs.
C．It gives them smething t take pride in.
D．Adding tls t enhance explratin is an ptin.
E．Mtivating children t share their bservatins is vital.
F．Mre imprtantly, they begin t interact with its fferings.
G．Children benefit greatly frm such direct expsure t nature.
Yu Can Learn t Lve Being Alne
Fr the past tw years, the pandemic (疫情) has frced sme versin f slitude (独处) upn us all. We’ve seen fewer friends and spent mre time at hme. ______21______
Slitude is mre enjyable if yu’re in cntrl f it. In a survey, Dr. Thmas, a prfessr at Middlebury Cllege, fund that teenagers wh intentinally sught ut slitude shwed higher levels f well-being. The same was true in yung adults ages 18 t 25. _____22_____ As we develp mre cntrl ver time, we can use it mre cnstructively.
_____23_____ Yu might assume it’s just intrverts (内向) wh benefit frm slitude, but in Thmas’s view, “anyne, with any persnality, can enjy it — with ne ntice: if they knw hw t use it well.” That means deciding what yu want frm yur time, whether it’s prcessing a tugh situatin, tapping int creativity r just enjying five minutes withut smene under 5 asking yu fr smething.
_____24_____ If yu dn’t knw where t start, “think f smething yu like ding in general, and then try ding it by yurself,” said Ms. Mffa, a physilgist in New Yrk City.
There are ways t make slitude easier. Checking in with a friend can still be part f yur slitude cnventin. ______25______ Ms. Mffa is part f a grup chat with friends wh text each ther their Wrdle scres every day. “We all d this thing quietly n ur wn, but it becmes smething that cnnects us when we share it,” she said.
A．Yu can learn t like it, even if yu’re utging.
B．Practice getting cmfrtable with silence is useless.
C．Yu can als d a slitary activity but share it tgether.
D．Slitude can have a calming effect n ur minds and bdies.
E．In fact, mst research shw that we benefit mre frm slitude as we age.
F．The key t aviding the discmfrt is t replace it with smething enjyable.
G．Sme peple feel lnelier, particularly if they were already single r living alne.
参考答案：
1．E
2．C
3．D
4．A
5．G
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了飞机上食物尝起来没有味道的原因。
1．
根据上文“Hw many times have yu cmplained abut airline fd being tasteless?”（你有多少次抱怨航空食品无味？）可知，我们时常抱怨飞机上食物寡淡无味。再由“the reasn might be a change in ur ability t perceive taste(原因可能是我们感知味道的能力发生了变化)”可知，这可能是我们自身的原因，而不是食物的问题。故选E项。
2．
根据上文“The air inside airplane cabins is far mre dry than the air we breathe n the grund.”（机舱内的空气比我们在地面上呼吸的空气干燥得多。）可知，机舱内的空气更干燥些，再根据后文“In an envirnment like this, yur pwers f taste and smell begin t drift away.”（在这样的环境中，你的味觉和嗅觉能力开始消失。）可知，味觉和嗅觉的能力都开始消失，说明干燥的程度很严重，因此，设空处可进一步描述干燥的程度。C项“在某些情况下，它甚至比某些沙漠还要干燥”进一步补充空气的干燥程度，符合语境。故选C项。
3．
根据上文“In the pressurized cabin a passenger’s bdily fluids will mve upwards and the nasal cavities swell. The swelling messes with ur taste buds, making the fd taste unappealing. Yu might knw hw dining in such cnditins feel, since we’ve all fught clds in the past.”（在压力舱中，乘客的体液会向上移动，鼻腔会肿胀。肿胀扰乱了我们的味蕾，使食物的味道变得毫无吸引力。你可能知道在这样的条件下吃饭的感觉，因为我们都曾与感冒作过斗争。）可知，上文部分解释了这与舱内的压力使得味蕾、鼻腔都发生变化有关。这种情况跟我们感冒时吃东西总感觉没有味道的情况类似。由此可知，我们不能根据自身原因来评判食物。故D项“一个病人远不是食品质量的最佳评判者。”符合语境。故选D项。
4．
设空处小标题处，可起到概括总结的作用。根据下文“Bad fd can’t be blamed merely n the in-cabin cnditins t. It’s als pssible that the fd is actually bad. Due t fd safety standards, all meals must be cked n the grund and unbreakable. ”（糟糕的食物也不能仅仅归咎于机舱内的状况。也有可能食物实际上是坏的。根据食品安全标准，所有的饭菜都必须在地上烹调，而且不易碎。）可知，舱内生产食物的方式跟一般情况是有所不同的。故选A项。
5．
根据后文“Apparently, chefs have been trying t adapt recipes in hw fd tastes at high altitudes. Everyne needs t be patient until better slutins fr mass fd prductin are fund.”（显然，厨师们一直在努力调整食谱，以适应高海拔地区食物的口味。在找到更好的大规模食品生产解决方案之前，每个人都需要耐心。）可知，我们不能在飞机上使用与地面上相同的食谱，所以厨师着手改进配方。G项“基本上，我们不能使用与地面上相同的航空餐点食谱。”符合语境。故选G项。
6．G
7．E
8．D
9．A
10．F
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是低自尊的原因，症状及建立自尊的方法。
6．
空前说“Generally peple fall n a cntinuum frm lw t high self-esteem.(一般来说，人们的自尊心从低到高是一个连续体。)”，G选项“This can vary frm day t day and frm situatin t situatin.(这每天都在变化，不同的情况也会有所不同。)”中的“This”指代的是前面的“peple fall n a cntinuum frm lw t high self-esteem”这种情况，说明人们的自尊心从低到高的这种变化每天都不同，在不同的情况下也有所不同，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
7．
空前说“Sme experts say lw self- esteem is mre the result f negative experiences.(一些专家说自卑更多的是负面经历的结果。)”，空格处应说“另一些人说什么”，E选项“Others say it cmes frm a critical inner vice.(另一些人说，它来自一个挑剔的内心声音。)”说明了另外一些专家的说法，与上文“一些专家说”相承接，因此符合语境，故选E。
8．
本部分的小标题是“Symptms f Lw Self-Esteem(低自尊的症状)”，因此空格处应说的是低自尊的症状，空前说“Negative scial cmparisn.(消极的社会比较。)”，D选项“Being quiet r withdrawn in grup settings.(在集体场合保持安静或不与人交往)”是低自尊的表现，且和前面“消极的社会比较”相呼应，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
9．
空前说“Write dwn yur definitin f wrth.(写下你对价值的定义。)”，空格后说“When we use general phrases, it’s easy t say we dn’t feel gd, because we can’t even truly define what we’re saying.(当我们使用大概的短语时，我们很容易说我们感觉不好，因为我们甚至不能真正定义我们在说什么。)”，说明应该使用具体的短语，A选项“Be specific.(要具体。)”说明了在写你对价值的定义时要具体，因此A选项承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
10．
空格后说“A path t self-acceptance is ften a lng ne and has many peaks and valleys. It takes effrt and adaptatin. It als requires us t be mindful in ur interactins with urselves and ur wrld arund us.(通往自我接纳的道路往往是漫长的，有许多波峰和波谷。这需要努力和适应。它还要求我们在与自己和周围世界的互动中保持专注。)”，这说明自我接纳不会一夜之间发生，F选项“Dn’t beat yurself up if change desn’t happen vernight.(如果改变没有在一夜之间发生，不要自责。)”说明就算改变不能在一夜之间发生也不要自责，和空后内容相呼应，后文内容相当于在解释为什么不要自责，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
11．C
12．E
13．B
14．D
15．G
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章就为孩子设定正常合理的目标给出了一些建议。
11．
上文“A new year can bring new excitement and pprtunities t grw fr kids, t. (新的一年也会给孩子们带来新的刺激和成长的机会。)”新的一年对于孩子们来说就是新的刺激和成长机会，选项C“为孩子设定正常合理的目标是多么重要。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，因为新的一年就是新的机会，所以设定正常合理的目标是重要的。故选C项。
12．
下文“Kids als lve having smething t wrk tward and t have fun keeping track n sticker charts r getting praise r rewards as they reach these gals. (孩子们也喜欢朝着目标努力，喜欢在贴纸表上保持记录，喜欢在实现目标时获得表扬或奖励。)”说明孩子们也喜欢朝着目标努力，选项E“他们可以学着像成年人一样专注于新的目标。”概括说明孩子们可以像成年人一样专注于新的目标，引导下文。下文中als是关键词，选项中They 承接上段，指kids。故选E项。
13．
下文“It teaches them cntrl ver their envirnment instead f being dependent n Mm and Dad. (它教会他们控制环境，而不是依赖父母。)”说明通过设定目标教会孩子们自主控制环境，而不是依赖父母，选项B“最大的影响是它教会了他们主动性。”概括说明设定目标能教会孩子们主动性，和下文语义一致，引导下文。故选B项。
14．
下文“It has t be cncrete; it has t be within the child’s ability t attain; and there has t be a reasnable time frame.(它必须是具体的；它必须在孩子的能力范围内获得；必须有一个合理的时间框架。)”说明目标是具体的、可实现的，选项D“具体的和可实现的目标是关键。”概括说明设定的目标应该是具体的，可实现的，和下文语义一致。故选D项。
15．
上文“He nted that nce kids reach age 7 r s, it’s achievable fr them t set a gal and make their wn plan fr hw t pursue and attain it. (他指出，一旦孩子到了7岁左右，他们就可以设定目标，并为如何追求和实现目标制定自己的计划。)”说明7岁孩子就可以设定目标，制定计划，选项G“当然，来自父母的指导对所有年龄段的孩子都是有帮助的。”承接上文，说明父母可以指导各个年龄段的孩子设定目标。上文中age 7 r s和选项中all ages语义相关。故选G项。
16．G
17．F
18．C
19．D
20．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于长时间沉浸在网络世界，孩子们对现实的感知出现偏差，家长应该让孩子们多接触大自然的好处。
16．
上文“Nature is actually the best envirnment fr children t enjy, explre, and absrb. When expsed t nature, children dn’t just see the beauty as we adults d. (大自然实际上是孩子们享受、探索和吸收的最佳环境。当接触大自然时，孩子们不仅仅像我们成年人那样只看到美丽)”，G项“Children benefit greatly frm such direct expsure t nature. (孩子们从这种与自然的直接接触中受益匪浅)”，下文“They autmatically becme hands-n in nature, climbing n rcks, swinging frm trees and picking things up. (他们会亲身体验大自然，爬上岩石，在树上荡来荡去，捡拾东西。)”，上文与G项为递进关系，孩子们不但能看到自然的美景，还能通过亲身体验大自然，下文例举了G项中提及的“与自然的直接接触”的方法。语意连贯顺畅。故选G项。
17．
上文“Natural materials such as leaves and sticks prvide endless pssibilities fr play and imaginatin. (树叶和树枝等天然材料为游戏和想象提供了无限的可能性。)”，F项“Mre imprtantly, they begin t interact with its fferings. (更重要的是，他们开始与它的馈赠互动。)”，下文“Children have t cme up with ideas f hw t use them. (孩子们必须想出如何使用它们的想法。)”，F项中的 its fferings (大自然的馈赠)，下文中的them，都指代上文的Natural materials such as leaves and sticks。语意连贯顺畅。故选F项。
18．
上文“If they can catch a fish, they’ll have a cl stry t share with their friends. (如果他们能抓到一条鱼，他们就会有一个很酷的故事与他们的朋友分享)”，C项“It gives them smething t take pride in. (这让他们感到自豪。)”，C项中的it指代上文中的“抓到鱼的”这件事，孩子与小伙伴分享“自己抓到了鱼”这件事的时候，充满自豪。语意连贯顺畅，故选C项。
19．
上文“Given s many benefits, we need t find ways t supprt children’s cnnectin with nature.(考虑到如此多的好处，我们需要找到方法来支持孩子们与自然的联系。)”，D项“Adding tls t enhance explratin is an ptin. (添加工具以加强探索是一种选择。)”，下文“Shvels (铁锹), cameras and related resurces may unfld a mre magical wrld. (铁铲、相机和相关资源可能会展现一个更神奇的世界。)”，上文与D项为顺接关系，下文则例举了D项中的tls，语意衔接顺畅连贯。故选D项。
20．
设空处在段首，为本段主题句。B项“Nature can even be brught indrs. (大自然甚至可以被带到室内。)”，下文“Tree branches can be suspended frm the ceiling, displaying children’s artwrk. Lse materials, such as stnes and leaves, can be exhibited in baskets fr their imaginatin t prvide an idea. (树枝可以悬挂在天花板上，展示孩子们的艺术品。松散的材料，如石头和树叶，可以展示在篮子里，为他们的想象力提供一个想法。)”，B项提及的“大自然被带到屋内”，下文解释了如何在室内展现大自然，语意连贯顺畅。故选B项。
21．G
22．E
23．A
24．F
25．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述爱上孤独和享受孤独的方法。
21．
上文“Fr the past tw years, the pandemic (疫情) has frced sme versin f slitude (独处) upn us all. We’ve seen fewer friends and spent mre time at hme. (在过去的两年里，疫情迫使我们所有人都感受到了某种形式的独处。我们看到的朋友越来越少，在家里的时间也越来越多。)”说明我们独处时会感到某种形式的孤独。G项“Sme peple feel lnelier, particularly if they were already single r living alne. (有些人感到更孤独，特别是如果他们单身或独居。)”承接上文，说明我们独处时会感到孤独。故选G。
22．
上文“Slitude is mre enjyable if yu’re in cntrl f it. In a survey, Dr. Thmas, a prfessr at Middlebury Cllege, fund that teenagers wh intentinally sught ut slitude shwed higher levels f well-being. (如果你控制了孤独，那么孤独会更令人愉快。在一项调查中，米德尔伯里学院的教授，托马斯博士发现，有意寻求独处的青少年表现出更高的幸福感。)”说明孤独可以使人愉悦和幸福。E项“In fact, mst research shw that we benefit mre frm slitude as we age. (事实上，大多数研究表明，随着年龄的增长，我们从孤独中受益更多。)”承接上文，说明孤独可以使人受益。故选E。
23．
下文“Yu might assume it’s just intrverts (内向) wh benefit frm slitude, but in Thmas’s view, “anyne, with any persnality, can enjy it — with ne ntice: if they knw hw t use it well.” (你可能会认为只有内向的人从孤独中受益，但在托马斯看来，任何有个性的人都可以享受它，只要注意一点：如果他们知道如何很好地使用它。)”说明如果能很好地使用孤独，任何人都可以享受孤独。A项“Yu can learn t like it, even if yu’re utging. (你可以学会喜欢它，即使你很外向。)”引出下文，说明我们可以享受和喜欢孤独。故选A。
24．
下文“If yu dn’t knw where t start, “think f smething yu like ding in general, and then try ding it by yurself,” said Ms. Mffa, a physilgist in New Yrk City. (纽约市的生理学家莫法说：“如果你不知道从哪里开始，想想你喜欢做的事情，然后试着自己做”。)”说明可以通过做喜欢的事情，享受孤独。F项“The key t aviding the discmfrt is t replace it with smething enjyable. (避免不适的关键是用一些令人愉快的东西代替它。)”引出下文，说明可以通过做喜欢的事情，避免不适。故选F。
25．
下文““We all d this thing quietly n ur wn, but it becmes smething that cnnects us when we share it,” she said. (她说：“我们都悄悄地自己做这件事，但当我们分享它时，它就会成为连接我们的东西”。)”说明可以单独进行活动，并一起分享。C项“Yu can als d a slitary activity but share it tgether. (你也可以做一个单独的活动，但一起分享。)”引出下文，说明可以单独进行活动，并一起分享。故选C。