上海中考英语题型模拟训练：阅读回答问题

这是一份上海中考英语题型模拟训练：阅读回答问题，共14页。
阅读回答问题一、Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题)Most of the time, our book review section focuses on a novel or a short story. This month is a little different. Instead, How to Lie with Statistics(统计数字) is a simple little book that teaches readers to tell good and bad statistics.At the heart of the book is a problem Statistics provide a powerful way to strengthen an argument or an opinion. Unfortunately, statistics are also both easily misunderstood and controlled. That is a problem because many people are not able to understand when numbers are used to give wrong information. The easiest way to solve this problem is to give people the ability to understand statistics.How to Lie with Statistics tries to do just that. Often used as a textbook for math classes, it is surprisingly easy to read and understand. It’s also very useful. Each of the books ten units focuses on one way that people use statistics incorrectly or improperly.How to Lie with Statistics has a light and fun tone. It teaches with both simple explanations and fun examples. It includes a lot of cartoon pictures. Written in 1954 the book quickly became popular. Despite its age,the examples in the book are still useful and easy to follow.Readers should also be aware that this book isn’t really a textbook. Although the book gives important ideas about statistics, it doesn’t actually teach you math. The author, Darrel Huff, wasn’t a mathematician(数学家). Instead, he was a journalist.The book is a wonderful resource for readers. Traditionally it has been used as an extra text for students from many different subjects. It also proves useful for anyone who wants to develop their critical thinking.1．Is How to Lie with Statistics a novel?___________________________________________________________________.2．What can readers learn from How to Lie with Statistics?____________________________________________________________________.3．How many units are there in the book How to Lie with Statistics?____________________________________________________________________.4．What is the author Darrel Huff, a mathematician or a journalist?____________________________________________________________________.5．What makes How to Lie with Statistics a popular book?(List at least two reasons.)____________________________________________________________________.6．Will you read How to Lie with Statistics after reading this book review? If your answer is yes, please explain what attracts you. If your answer is no, please explain what makes you lose interest.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 二、Answer the questions (回答下列问题)You are going to read a letter in a local newspaper.Dear sir/madam,My name is Lucy Wong. I am a ten-year-old girl from Thailand. For the past year, I have been helping my parents manage a motel (a small hotel) in Clifton, California. We have made it our home, from the towels we carefully fold each and every day to the customers we call family. I usually help the customers to check in and out at the front desk.But the motel is not ours. It belongs to a man named Mr. Sung, who is unkind and selfish. My parents think that working for Mr. Sung is the only way, but I don’t think so. At night, I dreamed of a better life. I dreamed of owning a motel one day. Sadly, we have no money to buy a motel of our own. What are the chances of actually winning a motel?Well, maybe all our hopes and dreams don’t have to disappear. I am writing to you because something has happened here at Maple Motel. Mr. Sung is selling the motel! He is selling it at a low price because he’s tired of running a motel. We’re eager to buy it from him and we are looking for investors (投资人). If you would like to invest, please let me know. You can contact me at my telephone number — 6253908 any time.It wouldn’t be a donation. You would be one of the owners in the future. Whenever a customer comes to stay at the motel, part of the money would go to you. You might be asking yourself, “Why should I invest in a motel from a 10-year-old?” You can trust me because our dreams will come true for three reasons:1. I know what I’m doing. I know every corner of this motel like the back of my hand because I’ve lived and worked here for almost a year.2. I love what I’m doing. I’m very proud of my work. Every day, I check people in at the front desk. The customers like me because I treat them like family members.3. No investment is too small. Even if all you have are some extra pennies and nickels lying around, we’ll take them. I look forward to hearing from you.Yours truly Lucy Wong1．Maple Motel means a lot to Lucy Wong and her parents, doesn’t it?____________________________________________2．What does Lucy Wong do in the motel?____________________________________________3．Why is Mr. Sung selling the motel at a low price?____________________________________________4．How can people reach Lucy Wong?____________________________________________5．Why does Lucy Wong write this letter?____________________________________________6．What might be the third reason Lucy gives in her letter? (Please fill in the blank with at least two sentences.)____________________________________________ 三、Answer the questions (根据以下内容回答问题)Last year a boy of four was visiting the museum named Christchurch Mansion in Ipswich with his family when he accidentally knocked the historical jug which was worth up to $2000 off a window ledge (边缘). The jug was broken into 65 pieces and the boy was extremely upset. Later a duty officer took many hours to repair it.Is his family facing a heavy fine or needing to pay the repairs? No, the museum staff told the boy that the jug had been fixed and that all was well now. Yesterday a museum spokesman said: “We have received a call from the boy’s mother who told us the little boy and his family were delighted that the puzzle jug had been repaired but they wished to remain anonymous (匿名的).”Many people wrote letters to the editor to show their opinions. Below are some of them.To the editorThe fault (错误) here lies with the museum. They should have made sure that the jug was in a secure place where it could not be knocked over. If they have people walking through the museum, they should set up the exhibitions in such a way that they are safe. They are being careless with important historical artifacts (人工艺术品).From TomLondon, UK To the editorParents do not teach children how to behave these days. When we were children, we weren’t allowed to touch anything. It is not the responsibility of the museum to put everything into cabinets (展览柜). The aim of Christchurch Mansion Museum is that the items are seen where they would have been in the house as in the past. It is the PARENTS’ responsibility to _______. The parents were lazy and careless.From SaraNewYork, USATo the editorHow happy to read good news! A wonderful job was done repairing the jug, but even better is that museum staff cared more about the boy than the jug. How kind that they would find simply to comfort him. A little boy is worth a lot more than a jug. Hearing that all is fine will help the boy a great deal, and make sure that he isn’t lost in bad feelings.From LilyShanghai, China 1．Why was the boy extremely upset when visiting the museum?____________________________________________________________________2．The boy’s family didn’t pay the fine or the repairs, did they?____________________________________________________________________3．Who does Tom think is responsible for the accident?____________________________________________________________________4．What can be filled in this blank to complete the sentence?____________________________________________________________________5．What’s Lily’s opinion on the way that museum dealt with the situation?____________________________________________________________________6．What do you think can be done in the future to prevent an incident like this? (Give two points) 四、Answer the questions. (根据短文内容回答问题) Remember to Say Thank YouI’m here to talk to you about the importance of praise, admiration and thank you, and let them be specific (具体的) and genuine (真诚的).And the way I got interested in this was, I noticed in myself, when I was growing up, and until about a few years ago, that I would want to say thank you to someone, I would want to praise them, I would want to take in their praise of me and I’d just stop it. And I asked myself, why? I felt shy. I felt embarrassed. And then my question became, am I the only one who does this? So, I decided to make a survey.I’m fortunate enough to work in a hospital, so I can see people who are facing life and death. One man’s biggest wound is his father died without ever saying he was proud of him. But then, he heard from all the family and friends that the father told everybody else that he was proud of his son, but he never told the son. It’s because he didn’t know that his son needed to hear it.So, my question is, why don’t we ask for the things that we need? I know a gentleman called Tony, married for 25 years, who would like to hear his wife say, “Thank you for being the breadwinner so I can stay home with the kids,” but doesn’t ask. We’d like to win praise but it really has to be specific and genuine. I know a woman. She’s good at this. She, once a week, meets with her husband and says, “I’d really like you to thank me for all these things I did in the house and with the kids.” And he goes, “Oh, this is great, this is great” But does his praise really work?And a friend of mine, April, who I’ve had since kindergarten, thanks her children for doing some cleaning. And she said,     “Why wouldn’t I thank it, even though they’re supposed to do it?” By the way, will the children be pleased with their mother’s thanks?So, be honest about the praise that you need to hear. What do you need to hear? Go home to your family member—go and ask him/her, what does he/she need? And then help the people around you.Thank you for being here, just showing up and changing the world with your ideas.1．Why did the speaker stop accepting praise from others?_____________________________________________________________________________________________2．To know if other people have the same problem, what did the speaker do?_____________________________________________________________________________________________3．According to the third paragraph, the father was proud of his son, wasn’t he?_____________________________________________________________________________________________4．What is Tony’s problem?_____________________________________________________________________________________________5．Read the underlined sentence. What do you think of the man’s praise?_____________________________________________________________________________________________6．Some people feel there is no need to say thank you. Do you agree with them? Why? (Give two reasons.)_____________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答问题)During my first year of high school, I was a skinny boy who weighed just 55 kg. I dreamed of being a football star. I played a little bit, but spent most of my time on the bench. Over that summer, I found a special diet that bodybuilders used to bulk up (增重). Drinking a lot of whole milk and lifting weights every day added an extra 11 kg of muscle (肌肉) on my body.By the time the football season started, I felt ready. I was soon disappointed, though, when I saw that I was still smaller and slower than most of the other boys. I found myself on the bench again.That was to change during one of our first games of the season. We had built up a lead (领先) and the coach felt secure enough to send me in for a while to play halfback (前卫). I was so excited.On the very first play, I met with challenges. When the quarterback (四分卫) handed the ball off to me, I thought it was my time to show off. However, I was soon hit by three of the other team’s players. They hit me hard to the ground. I got up and walked off the field, back to the bench.Over the years, I had lost count of how many times I had dreamed of achieving something, only to find that the world had other plans. I hated this for a long time. It was not until I became a football commentator(评论员) that I finally realized that maybe the world’s plans for me were better than my own.1．What was the writer’s dream in his high school?_________________________________________________________2．How did the writer add an extra 11 kg of muscle?_________________________________________________________3．Why did the coach send the writer in to play halfback in a game?________________________________________________________4．How did the writer feel after going off the field in the game?________________________________________________________5．The writer was eager to achieve success as a footballer, wasn’t he?_________________________________________________________6．Why did the writer say “maybe the world’s plans for me were better than my own” at the end of the passage? What can you infer from that?_________________________________________________________ 六、After spending the weekend away with my adult son, I was so impressed by his generous heart that I sent him this letter.Dear son,I want to thank you for teaching me a very valuable lesson in life by the great example you set. When we were eating at that cafe in Bondi and a person who had ordered his hamburger didn’t have enough money to pay for it. Without any hesitation, you went over and put the extra $2 into his hand.When we were leaving, you also threw a five-cent coin onto the road and said something like, “Some kids will really enjoy finding it.”Last week, a young man ahead of me in the line at a petrol (汽油) station didn’t have enough money to pay for his petrol. I asked the money collector, “How much short is he?” She told me he had meant to put $15 petrol in his car but he had been looking at the wrong gauge (计量表) and had put in 15 litres (升) which came to just over $20. This is an easy mistake as both gauges run fast.Something made me think of you and what you did that night at the cafe in Bondi. I handed the young man $6. He was so surprised and said, “But why would you do this for me?” I just smiled as I thought of you.Thank you, son. It’s better to give than to receive. Now when I see a five-cent coin on the ground and want to pick it up, I think of you and leave it there just in case some kids will get excited to find it.Love always,Mum1．Did the writer spend the weekend alone?_____________________________________________________________2．What happened to the man who had ordered his hamburger?_____________________________________________________________3．How did the writer’s son help the man at the cafe?_____________________________________________________________4．Why did the writer’s son throw a five-cent coin onto the road?_____________________________________________________________5．How did the young man in the petrol station feel after the writer handed him $6?_____________________________________________________________6．What does the underlined sentence “It’s better to give than to receive” mean?_____________________________________________________________     参考答案：一、1．No, it isn’t.2．They can learn to tell good and bad statistics. / They can learn to understand statistics.3．There are ten.4．A journalist.5．It’s easy to read and understand. It’s useful.6．(言之有理即可)本文主要介绍了一本简单的小书，书名叫做《统计数字》，这本书可以教读者分辨统计数据的好坏。1．根据“How to Lie with Statistics(统计数字) is a simple little book that teaches readers to tell good and bad statistics.”可知，How to Lie with Statistics不是一本小说。故填No, it isn’t.2．根据“How to Lie with Statistics(统计数字) is a simple little book that teaches readers to tell good and bad statistics.”可知，这本书可以教读者分辨统计数据的好坏。故填They can learn to tell good and bad statistics. / They can learn to understand statistics.3．根据“Each of the books ten units focuses on one way that people use statistics incorrectly or improperly.”可知，这本书有十个单元。故填There are ten.4．根据“The author, Darrel Huff, wasn’t a mathematician(数学家). Instead, he was a journalist.”可知，Darrel Huff是一位记者。故填A journalist.5．根据“it is surprisingly easy to read and understand.It’s also very useful.”可知，这本书十分有用且容易理解。故填It’s easy to read and understand. It’s useful.6．举例说明：“Yes, I will. The book is easy to read and understand. It’s useful.”言之有理即可。 二、1．Yes, it does.2．She usually helps the customers to check in and out at the front desk.3．Because he’s tried of running a motel.4．Contact her at phone number — 6253908 any time.5．Because she wants some investment in the motel.6．I stick to what I’m doing. I always do something and put in one hundred percent effort until it succeeds.本文主要讲述了一名名叫Lucy Wong的10岁女孩在报纸上登了一封信，寻求合作伙伴，她在信中阐明了自己对汽车旅馆的了解，以及自己为什么是一个好的合作伙伴。1．根据第一段中“For the past year, I have been helping my parents manage a motel (a small hotel) in Clifton, California. We have made it our home, from the towels we carefully fold each and every day to the customers we call family.”可知，Maple Motel对于Lucy Wong一家人很重要。故填Yes, it does.2．根据第一段中“I usually help the customers to check in and out at the front desk.”可知，Lucy Wong通常在旅馆里帮助客人登记。故填She usually helps the customers to check in and out at the front desk.3．根据第三段中“He is selling it at a low price because he’s tired of running a motel.”可知，宋先生厌倦了经营旅馆。故填Because he’s tried of running a motel.4．根据第三段中“You can contact me at my telephone number — 6253908 any time.”可知，可以拨打6253908联系Lucy Wong。故填Contact her at phone number — 6253908 any time.5．根据第三段中“We’re eager to buy it from him and we are looking for investors”可知，写信的目的是为了寻找合作伙伴。故填Because she wants some investment in the motel.6．根据最后一段中“No investment is too small. Even if all you have are some extra pennies and nickels lying around, we’ll take them.”可知，Lucy Wong会坚持做这件事，直到成功。故填I stick to what I’m doing. I always do something and put in one hundred percent effort until it succeeds. 三、1．Because he accidentally knocked a jug off a window ledge./Because he broke a jug into 65 pieces.2．No, they didn’t.3．The museum (staff).4．look after the children/teach the children what to do/pay for the repairs/have the jug repaired5．She thinks it is kind/great of the museum staff to care more about the boy than the jug.6．I think the museum should put the jug into a secure place and parents should be responsible.本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一个小男孩不小心打碎了博物馆中的陶罐，许多人给编辑部写信表达自己不同的观点。1．根据第一段“Last year a boy of four was visiting the museum named Christchurch Mansion in Ipswich with his family when he accidentally knocked the historical jug which was worth up to $2000 off a window ledge (边缘). The jug was broken into 65 pieces and the boy was extremely upset.”可知，一个四岁的小男孩和家人在参观博物馆时，不小心把一个价值2000美元的历史悠久的陶罐从窗台上碰掉了。罐子被摔成了65块，男孩非常沮丧。故填Because he accidentally knocked a jug off a window ledge./Because he broke a jug into 65 pieces.2．根据第二段“Is his family facing a heavy fine or needing to pay the repairs? No, the museum staff told the boy that the jug had been fixed and that all was well now.”可知，他的家庭是面临巨额罚款还是需要支付维修费用？没有，博物馆的工作人员告诉那个男孩罐子已经修好了，现在一切都好了。可见，男孩的家庭并未支付罚款或是维修费用。故填No, they didn’t.3．根据Tom的信件“The fault (错误) here lies with the museum.”可知，他认为过错在于博物馆。故填The museum (staff).4．根据“Parents do not teach children how to behave these days. When we were children, we weren’t allowed to touch anything.”可知，现在的父母不教孩子如何做人。当我们还是孩子的时候，我们不允许碰任何东西。可见，照看孩子/教孩子们做什么/付修理费/请人修理罐子应是父母的职责。故填look after the children/teach the children what to do/pay for the repairs/have the jug repaired。5．根据“A wonderful job was done repairing the jug, but even better is that museum staff cared more about the boy than the jug.”可知，修复罐子的工作做得很好，但更好的是，博物馆的工作人员更关心男孩而不是罐子。故填She thinks it is kind/great of the museum staff to care more about the boy than the jug.6．通读全文可知，为避免类似偶然事情的发生，我们各方面都应该做好，既应该把罐子放在一个安全的地方，父母也应该负起相应的责任。故填I think the museum should put the jug into a secure place and parents should be responsible. 四、1．Because he/she felt shy and embarrassed.2．He/She decided to make a survey.3．Yes, he was.4．He doesn’t ask for the thing(s)/praise he needs. /He would like to hear his wife say, “Thank you for being the breadwinner so I can stay home with the kids,” but doesn’t ask.5．I think his praise is not specific or genuine enough.6．No, I don’t agree with them because saying thank you shows your gratitude and it also means that you value others’ work./Saying thank you can let the receiver know that you can feel everything he does./Saying thank you can let the receiver understand what the things he does mean to you. (Any reasonable answer is acceptable.)本文讲述了表达赞美和感谢的重要性，提到了具体化的真诚的赞美和感谢尤为重要。1．根据“I’d just stop it. And I asked myself, why? I felt shy. I felt embarrassed.”可知，由于作者感到害羞和尴尬所以不想接受赞扬了。故填Because he/she felt shy and embarrassed.2．根据“And then my question became, am I the only one who does this? So, I decided to make a survey.”可知作者做了项调查。故填He/She decided to make a survey.3．根据“he heard from all the family and friends that the father told everybody else that he was proud of his son,”可知这位父亲为他的儿子感到骄傲。故填Yes, he was.4．根据“ who would like to hear his wife say, “Thank you for being the breadwinner so I can stay home with the kids,” but doesn’t ask.”可知Tony的问题是想听到妻子的赞扬但他没有问妻子。故填He doesn’t ask for the thing(s)/praise he needs./He would like to hear his wife say, “Thank you for being the breadwinner so I can stay home with the kids,” but doesn’t ask.5．根据“And he goes, ‘Oh, this is great, this is great’ ”可推断对方的表扬太过敷衍不真诚。故填I think his praise is not specific or genuine enough.6．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为No, I don’t agree with them because saying thank you shows your gratitude and it also means that you value others’ work./Saying thank you can let the receiver know that you can feel everything he does./Saying thank you can let the receiver understand what the things he does mean to you. (Any reasonable answer is acceptable.) 五、1．His dream was to be a football star.2．By drinking a lot of whole milk and lifting weights every day.3．Because the coach felt secure enough.4．He felt very depressed and sad.5．Yes, he was.6．Because challenges and setbacks make people grow up. He has learned a lot from the difficulties, and has made continuous progress.本文主要讲述了作者梦想成为一名足球明星，但大部分时间都是在板凳上，终于有机会上场却被撞倒重新回到了板凳上。但经过努力，作者终于成为了一名足球解说员。1．根据第一段中“I dreamed of being a football star.”可知，作者高中时期的梦想是成为一名足球明星。故填His dream was to be a football star.2．根据第一段中“Drinking a lot of whole milk and lifting weights every day added an extra 11 kg of muscle on my body.”可知，作者每天喝大量的全脂牛奶和举重，身体增加了11公斤的肌肉。故填By drinking a lot of whole milk and lifting weights every day.3．根据“We had built up a lead and the coach felt secure enough to send me in for a while to play halfback.”可知，教练觉得足够比分安全，可以让作者在比赛中打中卫。故填Because the coach felt secure enough.4．根据“However, I was soon hit by three of the other team’s players. They hit me hard to the ground. I got up and walked off the field, back to the bench.”可推知，作者此时此刻很伤心，也很沮丧。故填He felt very depressed and sad.5．根据“On the very first play, I met with challenges. When the quarterback (四分卫) handed the ball off to me, I thought it was my time to show off.”可知，作者急切地想要展示自己，因为他太渴望成功了。故填Yes, he was.6．根据“Over the years, I had lost count of how many times I had dreamed of achieving something...It was not until I became a football commentator that I finally realized that maybe the world’s plans for me were better than my own.”可知，挑战和挫折使人成长。 作者从困难中学到了很多，并且自身也在不断地进步。故填Because challenges and setbacks make people grow up. He has learned a lot from the difficulties, and has made continuous progress. 六、1．No, she didn’t./No.2．He didn’t have enough money to pay for the hamburger.3．He went over and put the extra $2 into the man’s hand./By putting the extra $2 into the man’s hand.4．Because he thought some kids would really enjoy finding it.5．He was/felt so surprised.6．Helping others is more important than always receiving others’ help./It’s important to help others without asking anything in return./When we find people in trouble, we’d better offer a helping hand./The meaning of life is giving not receiving. 本文以书信的形式描述了儿子慷慨助人的行为，并介绍了自己学习儿子也帮助他人的故事。1．根据第一段“After spending the weekend away with my adult son,”可知，作者和已成年的儿子一起度过的周末，可见并不是一个人独自过周末，需用否定形式来回答。故填No, she didn’t./No.2．根据第二段“a person who had ordered his hamburger didn’t have enough money to pay for it.”可知，有个人点了汉堡包但是没有足够的钱来付账。故填He didn’t have enough money to pay for the hamburger.3．根据第二段“Without any hesitation, you went over and put the extra $2 into his hand”可知，作者的儿子把多出来的2美元塞到他手里。故填He went over and put the extra $2 into the man’s hand./By putting the extra $2 into the man’s hand.4．根据第三段“Some kids will really enjoy finding it.”可知，作者的儿子认为有些孩子找到它会很高兴。故填Because he thought some kids would really enjoy finding it.5．根据第五段“He was so surprised and said, ‘But why would you do this for me?’ ”可知，年轻人很惊讶，故填He was/felt so surprised.6．根据题干“It’s better to give than to receive”可知，它的意思是：给予比接受更好，可以理解为“帮助别人比总是接受别人的帮助更重要”Helping others is more important than always receiving others’ help；也可以理解为“生命的意义在于给予，而不是索取”The meaning of life is giving not receiving。结合文章我们还可以理解成“帮助别人而不求回报是很重要的”It’s important to help others without asking anything in return；“当我们发现别人有困难时，我们最好伸出援手”When we find people in trouble, we’d better offer a helping hand。故填Helping others is more important than always receiving others’ help./It’s important to help others without asking anything in return./When we find people in trouble, we’d better offer a helping hand./The meaning of life is giving not receiving.