2018-2019学年上海市弘文学校八年级上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2018-2019学年上海市弘文学校八年级上学期期末英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了Mr， desn’t 等内容，欢迎下载使用。

上海市弘文学校2018-2019第一学期期终学业质量检测八年级英语
Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar
(第二部分词汇和语法)
Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案)
1.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?
A. Scientists found that dinosaurs all died of disease.
B. Disneyland was created by Walt Disney.
C. Believe me, we come in peace.
D. How is the man dealing with trouble?
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：下列划线部分哪个发音与其他部分不同？

disease /dɪˈziːz/；created kriˈeɪtɪd/；peace /piːs/；dealing /ˈdiːlɪŋ/；根据四个所含划线部分的单词读音判断可知，只有B选项的划线部分发音与其他三个不同，故选B。
2.It is ________unexplored forest. Scientists are going there next month.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：这是一片未经探索的森林。科学家们下个月要去那里。
考查冠词。a/ an一个，不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“一片森林”，空格修饰的是名词forest，而forest是一个可数名词，所以这里应该用不定冠词，而空格后的词unexplored是元音音素开头的单词，所以这里应该用an，故选B。
【点睛】不定冠词用在单数可数名词，表示泛指或数量“一”。a/ an用法要根据所修饰单词的发音来判断而不是字母。元音音素开头的单词用an，辅音音素开头的单词用a。比如：an apple，an important meeting，a useful book，a university
3.This pair of shoes is too big for me. Would you like to show me ________ pair?
A. the other B. other C. others D. another
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：这双鞋对我来说太大了。你能再给我拿一双吗？
考查代词。the other两者中的另一个；other其他的，后接复数名词；others其他的，泛指剩余的部分，别人；another不确定数目的另一个；根据句意理解可知，这里是表达“再一个”，而这里指对方的情况并不清楚，所以这里应该用another表示“再一个”，故选D。
【点睛】英语中不定代词other/ the other/ others/ the others/ another的区别要注意。other其他的，后面要接复数名词；the other另一个，表示两者中的另一个；others其他的，表示剩余的一部分；the others其他的，表示剩余的所有；another另一个，不确定数目的另外一个，多用于购物时，在题目中的用法要注意，根据句意所指代的内容来区分。
4.Mr. Li's class has fifty- one students, ________ of them are girl students.
A. second-thirds B. second-third C. one-third D. two-second
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：李老师的班级有51名学生，其中三分之一是女生。
考查分数表达。英语中数词表达分数时，分子一般用基数词，分母用序数词，而如果分子大于1时，分母要变成复数形式，由此可以判断，A/ B/ D选项的表达结构都是错误的，所以这里应该选择C选项，故选C。
【点睛】英语中分数的表达结构要注意。口诀是：先分子后分母，分子基分母序，分子大于1，分母变复数。只要遇到分数的题目，就要按照上面的规则进行判断即可。
5.The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：下一届奥运会将于2020年7月27日在日本举行。
考查介词。on具体某天；in后跟年代、季节和月份；at在……点时；of……的；根据句意理解可知，这里是具体到了某月某日的时间，英语中具体的某一天要用介词on，故选A。
【点睛】时间介词in，at，on的用法要注意区别。口诀为：时间长的要用in，年代、季节和月份；具体某天要用on，几月几号，星期几；时间点时用at，包括noon和night；上下午晚上很特殊，单独出现要用in，具体描述要用on。
6.Even the top student can't work out this problem, so it________ be too difficult.
A. must B. may C. can D. need
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：即使最优秀的学生也做不出这道题，所以它一定很难。
考查情态动词。must必须，一定；may可能；can能，会；need需要；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是极其肯定的推测，表示“一定”，所以应该用must，故选A。
【点睛】英语中情态动词有两种用法。一种是本身用法，还有一种是推测用法，表示推测用法时，常用的是must，can和may。must表示推测或推断时，其语气最为肯定，意为“一定”，本题就是非常肯定的推测；can表示推测用法时，常用于否定句和疑问句，多用否定形式，can't意为“不可能”；may表示推测用法时，多用于肯定句，表示可能性的推测，意为“可能，也许”；做题要稍加留意，要注意本身词义和推测词义的区别。
7.________ pleasant weather we have these days!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：这些天天气多好啊！
考查感叹句。根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，句子中主语是we，谓语是have，而主语前面还有名词weather，所以这里应该用what引导，而这里的名词weather是一个不可数名词，所以不需要用冠词，故选A。
【点睛】注意英语中感叹句的用法结构。1. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语! 3. How+形容词/ 副词+主语+谓语! 4. How+主语+谓语!做题时要根据句子结构来分析应该用哪个结构。还要注意名词是否是可数名词，是否需要用冠词，本题中weather不可数，所以不用冠词。
8.Is this a photo of your son? He looks________ in the blue T-shirt.
A. lovely B. quietly C. beautiful D. happily
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：这是你儿子的照片吗？他穿那件蓝色的T恤看起来很可爱。
考查形容词辨析。lovely可爱的，形容词；quietly文静地，副词；beautiful漂亮的，形容词；happily开心地，副词；根据句意理解可知，looks是系动词，后面要接形容词作表语，所以排除B/ D选项，而beautiful多用来修饰女孩漂亮，而句中说的是男孩，所以排除C选项，故选A。
9.I have tried several jackets, but _________ of them fits me well.
A. both B. neither C. all D. none
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：我已经试穿了好几件夹克衫了，但是没有一件适合我的。考查不定代词。A. both意思是“两者都”；B. neither意思是“两者都不”；C. all意思是“三者或三者以上都”；D. none意思是“三者或三者以上都不”。根据"I have tried several jackets"我已经试穿了好几件夹克衫了，又根据"but"表转折，意思是试穿的那些夹克衫都不适合我，所以要用none来填空，故答案选D。
10.I________ a phone call to my friend John after dinner yesterday.
A. make B. made C. was making D. makes
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天晚饭后我给我的朋友约翰打了个电话。
考查时态。make做，动词原形；made做，过去式；was making做，过去进行时结构；makes做，动词三单；根据句意理解及句中的时间yesterday可知，动作是发生在过去，所以应该用过去时，动词要用过去式，故选B。
11.We are glad to hear that the Greens _____ to a new flat next week.
A. move B. moved C. will move D. have moved
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们很高兴听到格林一家下周要搬去新公寓。
考查宾语从句和一般将来时的用法。 解题思路：这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句可以使用各种时态；由从句中next week可以看出主句要使用一般将来时，故答案选C。
12.Our class teacher told us ________ in the playground now for it is wet now.
A. to play B. not to play C. played D. don’t play
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们的班主任告诉我们现在不要在操场上玩，因为现在是湿的。
考查非谓语。to play玩，动词不定式；not to play不要玩，动词不定式否定形式；played玩，过去式或者过去分词；don’t play不要玩，一般现在时否定；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，句中已经有动词told，所以这里不能再用动词结构，所以排除D选项，而由for it is wet now可知，这里表达的是“告诉某人不要做某事”，英语是tell sb not to do srh，所以这里应该用不定式做宾语补足语，且要用否定形式，故选B。
13.— Is your home close to the school, Tom?
— No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily.
A. always B. usually C. never D. sometimes
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你家离学校近吗？——不，那是一段很长的路程，但是我从来没有迟到过，因为我每天都起得很早。
考查副词辨析。always总是；usually通常；never从不；sometimes 有时；根据句意理解及句中的because I get up early daily.可知，这里表达的是“从不迟到”，这里表达的是否定的意义，所以应该用never，故选C。
14.The new building is about ________.
A. 120 metres high B. 120-metre-high C. 120-metres-high D. 120-metre high
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：这座新楼大约120米高。
考查数词。120 metres high,120米高；120-metre-high,120米高的；120-metres-high错误结构；120-metre high错误结构；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“建筑物有120米高”，英语中表达“物体有多高”的结构是“基数词+meter(s) high”，所以只有A选项符合，而B选项用时，后面必须有被修饰的单数名词，故选A。
15.Amy told me there was ________ that happened to her yesterday.
A. something strange B. strange something
C. anything strange D. strange anything
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：艾米告诉我昨天她发生了一些奇怪的事。
考查形容词修饰不定代词。something strange一些奇怪的事情；strange something错误结构；anything strange一些奇怪的事情；strange anything错误结构；根据句意理解可知，这里是形容词修饰不定代词的用法，英语中形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词后面，而本句是肯定句，肯定句中用something，否定疑问句用anything，故选A。
【点睛】英语中形容词做定语的位置要注意。一般修饰名词作定语，是放在名词前面，而修饰不定代词作定语时，则要放在不定代词后面，也就是定语后置的情况，做题要区分是修饰名词还是代词，从而确定其位置，同时还要注意不定代词something与anything的区别。
16.Peter has never seen such a big fish in his life, ________?
A. has he B. hasn’t he C. does he D. doesn't he
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：彼得一生中从未见过这么大的鱼，是吗？
考查反意疑问句。根据句意理解及句中的动词has seen可知，原句用的是现在完成时，所以反意疑问句中的动词应该用现在完成时的助动词has，所以排除C/ D，而前句中已经有否定词never，所以后面的反意疑问句应该用肯定形式，故选A。
【点睛】英语中反意疑问句的特点是“前肯后否，前否后肯”，做题时一定要按照这个规律来写，但是要注意一些否定意义的词，比如never，few，little等用在句中时，那么这个句子就是一个否定句，后面的反意疑问句就要用肯定的形式，同时还要注意反意疑问句的结构是“助动词/ be动词/ 情态动词+主语（代词）”，动词部分要根据前句来判断用什么，本题中前句动词是现在完成时结构，所以这里用的是助动词has。
17.—Hello, this is John. May I speak to David?
—________
A. What do you do? B. I don't know.
C. Hold on, please. D. I am David.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你好，我是约翰。我可以和大卫说话吗？——请等一下。
考查电话用语。What do you do?你是做什么的？I don’t know.我不知道。Hold on, please.请等一下。I am David.我是大卫。根据句意理解可知，这里是电话用语，前句是要找David，所以后面的回答应该是“请稍等”或者回答“我就是大卫”，英语可以表达为Hold on, please.或者This is David, please speaking.电话用语中回答“我是……”时，只能用指示代词This is …，不能直接用人称代词，所以D选项错误，A/ B不是电话用语，故选C。
18.—I have nothing to do. Let's go and do some shopping.
—________.
A. Thank you. B. No, thanks.
C. That's right. D. Sounds great!
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我无事可做。我们去买些东西吧。——听起来太棒了！
考查情景交际。Thank you.谢谢；No, thanks不，谢谢；That’s right对的；Sounds great!听起来很不错；根据句意理解可知，这里是回答别人提出的建议，英语中应该回答Sounds great，表示同意上面的提议，故选D。
Complete the following passage with the words and phrases in the box. Each item can be used only once(选择下列单词或词组填入空格，完成短文，每空格限填一词，每词只能用一次)
A. At B. busy C. talking to D. pay E. still F. on

Betty Kwan has an unusual new company called “It's Done”. She does errands(跑腿) for_____19_____ people. She'll mail your letters at the post office, pick up your medicine at the drugstore and even go shopping at a supermarket for you. Her customers _____20_____ for each hour of her service.
Betty got the idea for “It's done.” While she was working in an office. 'I never had enough time for all my errands. I had to run to the bank_____21_____ my lunch time, and the post office, and the dry cleaner's. I was always rushing. I really wished someone could do all those things for me. When I mentioned this to my friends, they all said it sounded a great idea for a business. And that's how it started.
Betty is _____22_____ very busy. "Yesterday, I went to the post office and then to the airport. Today I have to buy presents for all the secretaries in the company. But it's always interesting, and I really love_____23_____ my customers.”
【答案】19. B 20. D
21. A 22. E
23. C
【解析】
文章介绍的是Betty Kwan成立了一家名为“It’s Done”的公司，帮助忙碌的人跑腿，例如寄信、取药、购物等。Betty总是很忙碌。她为能够帮助别人感到高兴。
【19题详解】
句意：她为忙碌的人办事。

根据句意理解及句中的She does errands(跑腿) for且空格后面有名词people可知，这里需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词，且这里表达的是“忙碌的”，所以这里应该用busy，故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：她的顾客为她每小时的服务付费。

根据句意理解及空格后的each hour of her service可知，这里表达的是“付费”，英语是短语pay for，而文中用的是一般现在时，句子主语是复数名词，所以这里的动词用原形，故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：午饭时间我得去银行，邮局，干洗店，我总是赶时间。

根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“在午餐时间”，英语中表达“在……时间”等具体的时间点时，要用的介词是at，故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：贝蒂仍然很忙。

根据句意理解及后句Yesterday, I went to the post office and then to the airport. Today I have to buy presents for all the secretaries in the company. 昨天，我去了邮局，然后去了机场。今天我要给公司所有的秘书买礼物。可知这里表达的是“仍然很忙”，所以这里应该用still，故选E。
【23题详解】
句意：但它总是很有趣，我真的很喜欢和我的客户交谈。

根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“与某人交谈”，英语是talk to sb，而这里表达的是“喜欢做某事”，英语是love doing sth，所以这里要用talking to，故选C。
Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词)
24.The guide brought us some________ (torch) for light in the dark.
【答案】torches
【解析】
【详解】句意：向导给我们带来了在黑暗中照明的手电筒。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“手电筒”，英语torch是一个可数名词，而空格前有some修饰，所以这里应该用复数形式，英语中ch结尾的名词，变复数要加es，故答案为torches。
25.There was a traffic accident, but________ it didn't kill anybody. (lucky)
【答案】luckily
【解析】
【详解】句意：发生了一场交通事故，但幸运的是没有造成人员死亡。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“幸运地”，而所给的词lucky是一个形容词，而空格在句中修饰的是整个句子，所以应该用副词，英语中lucky的副词是luckily，故答案为luckily。
26.The children enjoyed the________ of the school holidays (free)
【答案】freedom
【解析】
【详解】句意：孩子们享受着学校假期的自由。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“自由”，而所给词是free，是一个形容词，而空格前有定冠词the修饰，所以这里应该要一个名词，free的名词是freedom，是一个不可数名词，故答案为freedom。
27.Thomas Edison was one of the greatest ________in the world. (invent)
【答案】inventors
【解析】
【详解】句意：爱迪生是世界上最伟大的发明家之一。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“发明家”，而所给的词invent是一个动词，所以这里要变成名词，英语是inventor，而句中有one of结构，所以后面的名词应该用复数形式，故答案为inventors。
【点睛】英语中最高级的固定结构要牢记，在考题中出现的比较多。结构是“one of the+最高级+复数名词”，尤其要注意名词的形式，必须用复数形式。
28.Sandy lives on the ________ floor, one floor higher than mine. (twelve)
【答案】twelfth
【解析】
【详解】句意：桑迪住在12楼，比我高一层。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“第十二楼”，英语中表达“第多少”要用序数词，而twelve的序数词是把词尾的ve变成f再加th，故答案为twelfth。
29.Some animals are ________. They are our good friends. (harm)
【答案】harmless
【解析】
【详解】句意：有些动物是无害的。他们是我们的好朋友。
根据句意理解及后句They are our good friends.可知，这里表达的是“无害的”，是一个形容词，而所给的词harm是名词“伤害”，所以这里要变成形容词harmless，表示“无害的”，故答案为harmless。
30.When we fail in an exam, we should tell________ not to give up halfway. (our)
【答案】ourselves
【解析】
【详解】句意：当我们考试失败时，我们应该告诉自己不要半途而废。
根据句意理解可知，这里表达是“我们自己”，是英语中的反身代词，而our是物主代词，所以这里需要变成反身代词ourselves，指的是“我们自己”，故答案为ourselves。
31.Can you see the ________ calculator on the desk? (electricity)
【答案】electronic
【解析】
【详解】句意：你能看见桌子上的电子计算器吗?
根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“电子计算器”，而空格electricity是名词，空格需要的是形容词，用来修饰后面的名词calculator，所以这里应该变成形容词指“电子的”，英语是electronic，故答案为electronic。
Rewrite the sentences as required. (按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)
32.My brother has sports after school every day.(改为否定句)
My brother ________ ________ sports after school every day.
【答案】 (1). doesn’t (2). have
【解析】
【详解】句意：我哥哥每天放学后都做运动。
根据句意理解及句中的动词has可知，原句用的是一般现在时，所以变成否定句需要借助助动词do/ does，而句子主语是单数名词，所以这里应该用does，与not可以缩写成doesn’t，加了助动词，原句的动词要变成原形，故答案为doesn’t have。
【点睛】英语中考查句型转换时，做题首先要观察所给的原句，理解句子表达的意思，然后再看题目的要求，根据不同的考点来做题。要注意平时学过的时态，语态等的结构转化。本题是要改成否定句，首先要从原句中的动词来确定时态，然后再根据主语来区分具体用的助动词，但是一定要注意，在一般现在时中，加了助动词之后，原来的动词一定要变原形。那么这道题答案就很容易确定了。
33.The new cinema is 5 minutes’ walk from my flat? (划线部分提问)
________ ________ is the new cinema from your flat?
【答案】 (1). how (2). far
【解析】
【详解】句意：那家新电影院离我的公寓有五分钟的步行路程。
根据句意理解及划线部分5 minutes’ walk可知，这里是对两地距离的提问，英语中提问两点之间的距离用how far提问，所以这里应该用how far，故答案为How far。
34.There is little water in the bottle. (反意疑问句)
There is little water in the bottle, ________ ________?
【答案】 (1). is (2). there
【解析】
【详解】句意：瓶子里几乎没有水了，是吗？
根据句意理解可知，前句中有little，是一个否定词，所以后面的反意疑问句部分要用肯定的形式，而前句是There be句型，所以反意疑问句就变成be there的结构，原句中用的是is，所以反意疑问句也用is，故答案为is there。
【点睛】英语中反意疑问句的特点是“前肯后否，前否后肯”，做题时一定要按照这个规律来写，但是要注意英语中有些词本身就是否定词，比如few，little，seldom，never等，这些词在句中时，句子就是一个否定句，反意疑问句后半部分就要用肯定的形式。本题中前句动词是be动词is，所以变成反意疑问句还是用is。
35.After he heard his son’s voice, he began to smile. (保持句意不变)
He ________ begin to smile ________ he heard his son’s voice.
【答案】 (1). didn’t (2). until
【解析】
【详解】句意：听到儿子的声音，他开始笑了。
根据句意理解可知，这里还可以表达为“他没有开始笑，直到听到儿子的声音”，英语中表达“直到……才”的结构是not … until，是until引导的时间状语从句，而原句中动词用的是过去时，所以这里改写的句子也要用过去时，变成否定要借助助动词did，与not缩写成didn’t，故答案为didn’t，until。
36.by a fountain, drinking water, a boy, Diogenes, from his hands, saw, (连词成句)
________________________________________________________
【答案】Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a fountain.
【解析】
【详解】句意：迪奥奇尼斯看见一个男孩在喷泉边用手喝水。
by a fountain在喷泉边；drinking water喝水；a boy一个男孩；Diogenes迪奥奇尼斯，是一个人名，专有名词，可以做句子主语；from his hands从他的手；saw看见；综合之后可以看出，这里表达的是“看到某人做某事”，英语结构是see sb doing sth，所以这里表达的应该是“看到男孩在喝水”，英语是see a boy drinking water，而动词给的是过去式，所以这里就用过去时，故答案为Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a fountain.
Part 3 Reading and Writing
(第三部分阅读和写话)(共34分)
Reading comprehension(阅读理解)
A. Read the passage and choose the best answer.(阅读短文，选择正确的答案)
Many people say that they are working too many hours. They don't have enough time with their family. They can’t take care of things at home. They don’t have time to relax.
Work hours are different from one country to another. In France, people spend about 1,646 hours a year on work. In Japan, however, people work about 2,159 hours a year. That means a Japanese employee works 513 more hours a year than a French employee. That is more than 12weeks, or three months, of extra work!
Why do people work so many hours? Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money. However, many companies don't pay overtime. Their employees don't get extra pay for extra (额外的)work. These people work extra hours because they think it's their duty. Some people are afraid they will lose their jobs if they don't work extra hours.
Many people say that their vacations are too short. In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation. In Germany, they get six weeks. In the United States, two weeks of vacations is the average. Many people don’t even use all of their vacation days. In a study in Great Britain, fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days. “All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. "If that is true, there will be a lot of dull people in the world.
37. What don't people have enough time to do?
A. To communicate with their boss and workmates.
B. To discover new facts or information of their work.
C. To get another job at another company and make more money.
D. To relax, take care of things at home, and spend time with their family.
38. How many months in a year does a Japanese employee work more than a French employee?
A. 12 months B. 9 months C. 6 months D. 3 months
39. Why do some people work extra hour? which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. To earn more money.
B. They think it's their duty
C. To set examples to other workmates.
D. They are afraid they will lose their jobs if they don't work extra hours.
40. In which country do people get the longest vacations?
A. The USA B. Japan C. France D. Germany
41. What does the underlined word “dull” mean?
A. Clever B. Quick in thinking
C. Fashionable D. Slow in understanding
42. From the passage, we know that ________.
A. all companies pay overtime
B. Japanese spend fewest hours at work
C. many people don't use all of their vacation days
D. in the United States, people get four weeks of paid vacation
【答案】37. D 38. D 39. C 40. D 41. D 42. C
【解析】
本文介绍了不同国家的不同的工作时间长短的情况，以及人们为什么加班，告诉人们要适当的休息。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中They don’t have enough time with their family. They can’t take care of things at home. They don’t have time to relax. 他们没有足够的时间和家人在一起。他们不能照顾家里的事情。他们没有时间放松。可知人们没有足够的时间放松，照顾家庭和放松自己，故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中That means a Japanese employee works 513 more hours a year than a French employee. That is more than 12weeks, or three months, of extra work! 这意味着一名日本雇员比一名法国雇员每年多工作513小时。这是超过12周，或3个月的额外工作！可知日本雇员要比法国雇员多三个月，故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中Why do people work so many hours? Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money. However, many companies don’t pay overtime. Their employees don’t get extra pay for extra (额外的)work. These people work extra hours because they think it’s their duty. Some people are afraid they will lose their jobs if they don’t work extra hours. 为什么人们工作这么长时间？有些人加班是因为他们想赚更多的钱。然而，许多公司不支付加班费。他们的员工不会因为额外的工作而得到额外的报酬。这些人加班是因为他们认为这是他们的职责。有些人担心如果不加班，他们会失业。可知C选项并不是加班的理由，故选C。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中Many people say that their vacations are too short. In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation. In Germany, they get six weeks. In the United States, two weeks of vacations is the average.许多人说他们的假期太短了。在法国，人们有五个星期的带薪假期。在德国，他们有六个星期。在美国，平均有两周的假期。可知德国的假期是最长的，故选D。
【41题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文中In a study in Great Britain, fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days. “All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.” If that is true, there will be a lot of dull people in the world. 在英国的一项研究中，不到一半的工人利用了他们所有的假期。“只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。”如果这是真的，世界上会有很多……人。可知这里的dull指的是“反应慢的，迟钝的”，故选D。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中However, many companies don’t pay overtime. 然而，许多公司不支付加班费。可知A选项是错误的；根据文中That means a Japanese employee works 513 more hours a year than a French employee. 这意味着一名日本雇员一年比一名法国雇员多工作513小时。可知B选项是错误的；根据文中Many people don’t even use all of their vacation days. 很多人甚至没有利用所有的假期。可知C选项是正确的；根据文中In the United States, two weeks of vacations is the average. 在美国，平均有两周的假期。可知D选项是错误的，故选C。
B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage..(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)
Each nation has many volunteers who help to take care of others. They read books to the people in hospitals or homes for the aged. Sometimes they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their____43____ .
Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or ___44___ their houses, do their shopping or mow their lawns. For boys who no longer have ___45___there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other man take these boys to baseball games or fishing places and help them to get to know things that boys ____46____ learn from their fathers.
Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or lean crafts (工艺手艺). Some of these clubs show movies or organize ____47____ to the mountains, beaches, museums or other places of interest nearby. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to___48___ the names of boys and girls.
Volunteers believe that the ___49___ people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.
43. A. songs B. speeches C. voices D. problems
44. A. build B. repair C. make D. plan
45. A. brothers B. sisters C. fathers D. mothers
46. A. almost B. usually C. hardly D. nearly
47. A. short trips B. long journeys C. expensive visits D. exciting flights
48. A. report B. choose C. enjoy D. remember
49. A. luckiest B. cleverest C. happiest D. busiest
【答案】43. D 44. B 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C
【解析】
每个国家都有志愿者，志愿者是帮助照顾那些需要帮助的人如老人或者病人。任何人都可以做志愿者，帮助有需要的人做些力所能及的事。帮助别人，才能快乐自己。
【43题详解】
句意：或者倾听他们的问题。

songs歌曲；speeches演讲；voices声音；problems问题；根据句意理解及句中的listen to可知，这里表达的是“倾听他们的问题”，所以这里应该用problem，故选D。
【44题详解】
句意：他们油漆、打扫、修缮房屋、购物或修剪草坪。

build修建；repair修理；make做；plan计划；根据句意理解及句中的their houses可知，这里不可能是建房子，而是指的是“修缮”，所以这里应该用repair，故选B。
【45题详解】
句意：对于那些不再有父亲的男孩，有一个叫做“大兄弟”的组织。

brothers兄弟；sisters姐妹；fathers父亲；mothers母亲；根据句意理解及后句College students and other man take these boys to baseball games or fishing places and help them to get to know things that boys ____4____ learn from their fathers. 对那些没有父亲，不能从父亲那里学到的东西，这些大学生和其它人组成的志愿者组织就带着那些他们去打棒球游戏、去钓鱼。可知这里指的是“没有父亲”，故选C。
【46题详解】
句意：通常只能从父亲那里了解的东西，这些孩子跟着那些年轻的志愿者体验到了。

almost几乎；usually通常；hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“通常”，英语是usually，故选B。
【47题详解】
句意：其中一些俱乐部会放映电影或组织短途旅行到附近的山、海滩、博物馆或其他有趣的地方。

short trips短途旅行；long journeys长途旅行；expensive visits昂贵的访问；exciting flights激动人心的飞行；根据句意理解及后句to the mountains, beaches, museums or other places of interest nearby. 去附近的山、海滩、博物馆或其他有趣的地方。可知这里表达的是“短途旅行”，故选A。
【48题详解】
句意：这些俱乐部大多使用很多高中生和大学生作为志愿者，因为他们足够年轻，能够记住男孩和女孩的名字。

report报告；choose选择；enjoy喜欢；remember记住；根据句意理解及空格后的the names of boys and girls男孩和女孩的名字，可知这里说的是“能够记住名字”，所以应该用remember，故选D。
【49题详解】
句意：志愿者认为，世界上最幸福的人是那些帮助别人带来幸福的人。

luckiest最幸运的；cleverest最聪明的；happiest最快乐的；busiest最忙的；根据句意理解及后句who help to bring happiness to others.可知，这里表达的是“最幸福的”，故选C。
C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母己给)
Are you carrying a lot on your back at school?
I’m sure lots of children of your a___50___ will say “yes”. Not only the students in China have this problem, but children in the United States also have heavy school bags. Doctors are starting to w___51___ that younger students are having back and neck problems.
“It’s h___52___ for me to go upstairs with my bag because it’s so heavy,” said Rick Hammond an 11-year old student in the US. He is a___53___ students who have common school bags with two straps(带子) to carry them, but many other students choose rolling(滚动的) bags.
But how much is too much? Doctors say students should carry no more than 10% to 15% of their own body w___54___.
Scott Bautch, a back doctor said, “ Children are l___55___ their balance (平衡) and falling down with their school bags.”
Parents and teachers are starting to tell children to o___56___take home books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using pieces of paper or thin workbooks for students to take home.
One of the best answers is, as some children said, to have no homework at all!
【答案】50. age
51. worry 52. hard
53. among 54. weight
55. losing 56. only
【解析】
这篇短文主要描述了中美学生的书包都很重，这会对学生的身体造成不良影响。专家对此提出了建议，并号召老师和家长采取适当的措施。
【50题详解】
句意：我相信你这个年龄的很多孩子会说“是的”。

根据句意理解及句中的lots of children可知，这里表达的是“你这个年龄的”，英语中“年龄”是age，而这里指的是“你的年龄”，所以应该用单数形式，故答案为age。
【51题详解】
句意：医生们开始担心年轻学生的背部和颈部有问题。

根据句意理解及句中的younger students are having back and neck problems. 年轻的学生有背部和颈部的问题。可知这里表达的是“担心”，英语是worry，空格前有to，所以这里用动词原形，故答案为worry。
【52题详解】
句意：我很难带着包上楼，因为它太重了。

根据句意理解及后句go upstairs with my bag because it’s so heavy可知，这里表达的是“很难”，英语是hard，是一个形容词，在句中放在be动词后面作表语，故答案为hard。
【53题详解】
句意：他是那些有两条背带的普通书包的学生之一。

根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“在……中”，英语是among，是一个介词，这里指的是“很多学生中的一个”，故答案为among。
【54题详解】
句意：医生说学生携带的书包的重量不应超过自身体重的10%到15%。

根据句意理解及前句But how much is too much?可知，这里表达的是“重量”，英语是weight，是一个不可数名词，故答案为weight。
【55题详解】
句意：孩子们失去了平衡，拿着书包摔倒了。

根据句意理解及后句falling down with their school bags.可知，这里表达的是“失去”，英语是lose，而空格前有are，所以这里应该用ing形式，故答案为losing。
【56题详解】
句意：家长和老师开始告诉孩子们当晚只带要看的书回家。

根据句意理解及后句books they will be reading that night.可知，这里表达的是“只有”，英语是only，是一个副词，故答案为only。
D. Read the passage and answer the following questions.(阅读短文内容回答下列问题)
Dear Sir/Madam,
I have seen your advertisement for a teacher in the magazine Guangzhou Education. I think I'm suitable for the job.
I am 28 years old. I finished my high school education in Xiamen, and then went to university in Fuzhou. I studied languages, with English as my major (主修课程). I always got good scores for all subjects. At university, I was a very active student. I was chairman of the English Film Club and a member of the university squash (壁球) team.
I have traveled to a number of English-speaking countries. I think my English language skills have improved as a result and I can teach senior classes without any problems
I have worked as a teacher for four years. I have taught at a well-known language school in Hangzhou. This has been a good experience. I have also taught special courses in Writing for Business, showing people how to write good business letters for Tour Guides. All these experiences have helped me become a good teacher.
I am a warm and friendly person, and my students enjoy my lessons. I think language learning can be fun. I always encourage my students to use English outside the classroom, do projects and take part in English language activities. I have helped my students put on plays and give concerts of English songs.
I want to live in Guangzhou and teach in your school. I hope for an interview so I can tell you more.
Yours faithfully,
William Fang
57. What job does William Fang want?
______________________________________________
58. He was once a good student at university, wasn't he?
______________________________________________
59. What countries has William Fang traveled to?
______________________________________________
60. Where has William Fang taught in Hangzhou?
______________________________________________
61. What has William Fang helped his students do?
______________________________________________
62. How do you like William Fang?
______________________________________________
【答案】57. A teacher.
58. Yes, he was.
59. He has traveled to a number of English-speaking countries.
60. He has taught at a well-known language school in Hangzhou.
61. He has helped his students put on plays and give concerts of English songs.
62. Warm and friendly.
【解析】
文章主要是作者看到一则教师招聘的广告之后，主动写的一封自荐信，信中描述了自己的特长和工作经历；希望能够得到面试机会。
【57题详解】
根据文中I have seen your advertisement for a teacher in the magazine Guangzhou Education. I think I’m suitable for the job. 我在《广州教育》杂志上看到你招聘教师的广告。我认为我适合这份工作。可知William Fang想要找的是教师的工作，故答案为A teacher。
【58题详解】
根据文中I always got good scores for all subjects. At university, I was a very active student. I was chairman of the English Film Club and a member of the university squash (壁球) team. 我所有科目的成绩都很好。在大学里，我是一个非常活跃的学生。我是英国电影俱乐部的主席和大学壁球队的成员。可知在大学他是一个好学生，故答案为Yes, he was.
【59题详解】
根据文中I have traveled to a number of English-speaking countries. 我去过许多讲英语的国家。可知他去过很多讲英语的国家，故答案为He has traveled to a number of English-speaking countries.
【60题详解】
根据文中I have worked as a teacher for four years. I have taught at a well-known language school in Hangzhou. 我当老师已经四年了。我在杭州一所著名的语言学校教书。可知他在杭州一所语言学校读书，故答案为He has taught at a well-known language school in Hangzhou.
【61题详解】
根据文中I always encourage my students to use English outside the classroom, do projects and take part in English language activities. I have helped my students put on plays and give concerts of English songs. 我总是鼓励我的学生在课外使用英语，做项目，参加英语活动。我帮助我的学生表演戏剧和开英文歌曲演唱会。可知他帮助他的学生表演戏剧和开英文歌曲演唱会，故答案为He has helped my students put on plays and give concerts of English songs.
【62题详解】
根据文章的理解以及他对学生的表现可知，我认为他是一个热心友好的人，故答案为Warm and friendly。
Writing(写话)
63.Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic" My dear mother, I want to tell…”(以“我亲爱的妈妈，我想告诉你…”为题写一篇不少于60个单词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
(注意:短文中不得出现考生姓名、校名及相关信息，否则不予评分。)
提示:在日常生活中，妈妈给了我们无微无至的关怀，有时也有小小的烦恼。请对妈妈说出一句你最想说的话，并阐述理由，或结合你的经历谈谈体会




【答案】例文：
My dear mother I want to tell you I love you
In my heart, my mother is my sun. Without my mother’s care, I couldn’t grow up well. I want to tell my mother I love you.

I remember when I was a child, the school held an English speech contest, I also took part in it. I thought my English is good, I can win the championship, but in the competition, I was so nervous that I made mistakes on the platform. As a result, I didn’t win the championship. I was so sad that I cried. After that, I lost interest in English, I didn’t want to learn English any more, and I didn't want to communicate with others in English. But my mother encouraged me. She made me face up to my mistakes and learn from my mistakes. She also taught me some ways to overcome my nervousness. With my mother’s encouragement, I finally won the championship in the later competition.

Without my mother, I wouldn’t have stood up again and won the championship. I love my mother because she is the best mom in the world. Thank you mum!
【解析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：文章是一篇话题作文。首先要把作文题目补充完整，然后以题目为主线，展开描写。可以通过描写自己的亲身经历，衬托出要对妈妈说的这句话，重点是要把事情描写清楚。
2. 例文点评：短文分三段描写，采用总分总的结构描写。第一段总的提出了我爱我的妈妈；第二段具体的描写一件事情，衬托出妈妈对我的关爱和帮助；第三段再次总结我爱我的妈妈。整个文章结构完整，思路清晰，语言表达清楚流畅，意思明确通顺。
3 高分亮点：
短语：grow up；take part in；as a result；not …any more；face up；learn from。
句型：when引导的时间状语从句；so … that 引导的结果状语从句；because引导的原因状语从句；and引导的并列句。