人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage导学案及答案

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage导学案及答案，共7页。学案主要包含了归纳填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

观察下列课文原句并回答问题
1. There cmes a time when the ld must give way t the new, and it is nt pssible t preserve everything frm ur past as we mve twards the future.
2. Water frm the dam wuld likely damage a number f temples and destry cultural relics that(which) were an imprtant part f Egypt ’s cultural heritage.
3. After listening t the scientists wh(that) had studied the prblem, and citizens wh(that) lived near the dam, the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help in 1959.
4. Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether again in a place where they were safe frm the water.
5. Nt nly had the cuntries fund a path t the future that(which) did nt run ver the relics f the past, but they had als learnt that it was pssible fr cuntries t wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw.
【归纳填空】
一、定语从句的概述
*(2020·浙江高考)Each play has a theme r central idea which the playwright hpes t get acrss thrugh dialgue and actin.
每一部剧都有一个剧作家希望通过对话和动作传达的主题或中心思想。
*This is the wman whse name is knwn all ver the cuntry.
这是一位名字被整个国家所熟知的女士。
*(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Mlai went lking n his wn and discvered a nearby island where he began t plant trees.
Mlai自己去看了看, 发现了一个附近可以栽树的小岛。
先行词与关系词
1. 先行词: 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
2. 关系词: 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
3. 关系词通常有下列三个作用: (1)引导定语从句; (2)代替先行词; (3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。
4. 关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语; 关系副词在从句中作状语。
语法填空。
(1)(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt where it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
(2)(2019·浙江高考)On the edge f the jacket, there is a piece f clth that/which gives ff light in the dark.
(3)(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We are the prducts f evlutin(进化), and nt just evlutin that(which) ccurred billins f years ag.
(4)The reasn why I learned t ck was that my mther culd rest after she finished her wrk.
(5)(2019·江苏高考)We have entered int an age when dreams have the best chance f cming true.
(6)(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Children wh(that) play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develp better spatial skills.
二、关系代词和关系副词的区别
定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的判断方法:
*An Internet celebrity bumps int an apple seller wh/that lks like a cheater n her way back hme. (作主语)
一个网络名人在回家的路上碰到了一个看起来像骗子的卖苹果的人。
*A class is like a family where I shuld get alng well with thers. (作状语)
一个班级就像一个大家庭, 在这个大家庭里我应该与其他人好好相处。
关系副词when, where引导的定语从句可以转化为“介词+which”引导的定语从句; 而why引导的定语从句可以转换为“fr which”引导的定语从句。
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
(1)(2020· 天津高考)Directed sund is a new technlgy that (which) allws cmpanies t use sund in much the same way sptlights are used in the theater.
(2)Next came the mment when I asked them t have a try themselves.
(3)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The village lay near sme wetlands which (that) became his secnd hme.
(4)(2020· 天津高考)They have transfrmed themselves int places where yu can develp yur lve f knwledge.
(5)The reasn why I can ’t g is that I had a fall yesterday and injured my ft badly.
(6)(2019·天津高考)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.
三、介词+关系代词
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。关系代词只能用which或whm。先行词指物时, 用which; 先行词指人时, 用whm。在这个结构中, 介词的确定原则是:
1. 依据定语从句中动词或形容词等所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
*She devtes herself t her cmmn but useful wrk, n which she spends mre than 9 hurs a day.
她致力于这项普通但很有用的工作, 每天花在这项工作上的时间超过9个小时。
*Mre imprtantly, there are teachers nline t whm yu can turn fr help.
更为重要的是, 有一些你可以求助的在线老师。
2. 根据主句与从句之间的逻辑关系判断介词。
*On New Year ’s Eve, we will g utside t light crackers and firewrks, after which we will cme hme t make dumplings.
在除夕夜, 我们将到外面放烟花爆竹, 之后我们回家包水饺。
3. 表示“整体和部分关系”, 介词常用f。与此同时, 在介词f之前常用一些代词或数词: sme, any, few, nne, all, bth, neither, mst, each, 百分数等。
*There are 50 students in ur class, all f whm wrk hard and behave well.
我们班有50名学生, 我们都学习很努力, 并且表现很好。
4. 根据意思也可用复杂介词, 如 by means f, as a result f, in frnt f, in the back f等。
*I am gd at spken English, as a result f which I can cmmunicate with freigners fluently.
我擅长英语口语, 因此我能够流利地和外国人交流。
5. “the+名词+f+which/whm/f+which /whm+the+名词” 引导的定语从句, 可与“ whse+名词”替换。
*We ’ve planned t hld an English drama festival, the theme f which/ f which the theme is Lve English & Lve Drama.
→We ’ve planned t hld an English drama festival, whse theme is Lve English & Lve Drama.
我们计划举办一个英语戏剧节, 它的主题是“爱英语, 爱戏剧”。
在定语从句中, 有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用, 如lk after, lk fr等。
The babies whm the nurses are lking after are very healthy. (正确)
The babies after whm the nurses are lking are very healthy. (错误)
用适当的“介词+关系代词”填空。
(1)Chinese medicine is part f ur Chinese traditinal culture, the value f which is gradually recgnized by the wrld.
(2)Yu shuld make sme Chinese friends with whm yu can cmmunicate frequently.
(3)It has been my ideal university, fr which I have studied hard fr many years.
(4)Then we lked arund and fund a stick, with which we gt the kite dwn.
(5)I plan t d many things, ne f which is making a trip t sme places f interest tgether with my gd friends.
四、定语从句中关系词的省略
1. 定语从句的先行词在定语从句中作宾语时, 关系词通常省略。
*Wh is the man (that/wh/whm) yu were talking t?
刚才和你讲话的人是谁?
2. 当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时, 可以省略。
China is nt the cuntry (that) it was.
中国已不是过去的中国了。
3. 先行词是way, reasn, time, place等, 且它们在定语从句中分别作方式、原因、时间和地点状语时, 其后定语从句的相应关系词that/in which, why/that, when, where等可以省略。
*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)After a while, she aplgized fr the way(that/in which) she behaved at the beginning.
过了一会, 她为自己刚开始的行为道歉。
*The reasn (why/that) he wanted t sell his huse was that he needed a lt f mney fr his peratin.
他想卖掉房子的原因是他的手术需要很多钱。
4. 由and, but, r等并列连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰同一个先行词时, 第一个关系词可以省略, 但第二、三个一般不可以省略。
*The bk (which) yu are reading and which is read by many yung peple is written by Mark Twain.
你正在读的并且被许多年轻人读的那本书是马克·吐温写的。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. 68 Chinese cultural relics that/which had been taken t the UK recently were returned t their hmeland.
2. Then ne f the specialists said there was n reasn why I shuld stp training and cmpeting.
3. I am utging and active, fr which I think we can be gd friends.
4. Can ’t they see this is the nly place where they can survive the strm?
5. We are allwed t g int the fields t pick fruit and vegetables, with which we are t make ur lunch.
6. We can find friends t whm we can tell ur secrets.
7. Only by changing the way in which we treat the envirnment can we get alng well with it.
8. He ’ll never frget the day when he was admitted t the Olympic Games fr the first time.
9. Yu mentined lts f places f interest in my hmetwn, mst f which I ’ve never been t.
Ⅱ. 用定语从句合并句子
1. D yu knw the man? The man spke t the headmaster just nw.
→D yu knw the man wh/that spke t the headmaster just nw?
2. I have seen the film. They ’re talking abut the film.
→I have seen the film that/which they ’re talking abut.
3. The day came at last. We have been lking frward t the day.
→The day that/which we have been lking frward t came at last.
4. My grandparents live in the biggest huse. It is mre than 100 years ld.
→My grandparents live in the biggest huse that is mre than 100 years ld.
5. We settled dwn in a small village. In frnt f the village ran a winding river.
→We settled dwn in a small village, in frnt f which ran a winding river.
6. I have s many friends. Tw thirds f my friends are girls.
I have s many friends, tw thirds f whm are girls.
7. My grandparents have five children. All f children are teachers nw.
My grandparents have five children, all f whm are teachers nw.
8. The man is kind. The headmaster intrduced him t us yesterday.
→The man (wh/whm) the headmaster intrduced t us yesterday is kind.
结合本单元语法, 根据汉语提示完成短文。
Last Sunday, we went t the Cnfucius Temple 1. which lies in Qufu city(坐落于曲阜市). It has a histry f mre than 2, 000 years. We visited the Xing Tan 2. where Cnfucius taught his lessns(孔子授课的地方). Als, we saw many stne inscriptins 3. which/that have a lng histry and are f great value(有悠久历史和巨大价值). This is a meaningful visit 4. where/in which I have learned a lt(我学到了很多). 定语从句
可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
关
系
词
关系代词
wh; whm; whse; which; that; as
关系副词
when; where; why
用法
依据
根据从句的谓语动词
若是及物动词, 后面若无宾语, 用关系代词; 若是不及物动词, 则用关系副词
根据关系词在从句中作的成分
把关系词放进定语从句中, 若作主语或宾语用关系代词; 若作状语用关系副词