英语必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage学案设计

这是一份英语必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage学案设计，共26页。学案主要包含了词块积累，熟词生义，巧学助记，补偿训练，句式解构，知识延伸，要点拾遗等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 1Cultural relics Using Language
Ⅰ. 根据汉语提示写出正确单词
1. at the entrance to the cave　　在洞穴的入口处
2. music and painting 音乐和绘画
3. throughout the trial 在审判期间
4. go to the local schools 去本地学校
5. a lot of evidence 许多证据
6. a debate about something 有关某事的辩论
7. have an informal discussion 进行一次非正式的商谈
8. hear the bomb explode 听到炸弹的爆炸声
Ⅱ. 根据语境选择合适的短语填空
take apart, think highly of, debate with sb. over/about sth. , in a trial, care about, rather than, the entrance to, sink into
1. The wheels started to sink into the mud.  
2. We all think highly of him because of his skill.  
3. How do you dare to take apart my letter without my permission?  
4. Stop “white pollution” to use recyclable bags rather than plastic bags.  
5. The teachers are friendly and care about us very much.  
6. He is debating with his parents over/about whether he will stay at home or go abroad.  
7. I met an old friend at the entrance to the cinema last night.  
8. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe.  

根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格
1. 动词+后缀-or变为名词, 表示“人”。
sail→sailor　　　　 水手; 海员; 船员
visit→ visitor 参观者; 访客
edit→ editor 编辑; 校订者
invent→ inventor 发明家; 创造者
2. “动词+副词+介词”构成动词短语, 作谓语。
think highly of 看重; 器重
look down upon 看不起 
do well in 在……做得好, 在……表现好 
catch up with 追赶  

　Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

　Task 2　文本微观剖析: 细节探究 
1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)What really is a fact according to the passage?
A. It is something that more than one person believes.
B. It is something that more than one person has seen or done.
C. It is anything that can be proved.
D. It is anything that is believed or accepted by most people.
(2)China has the largest number of people in the world. 　　　.  
A. It is a fact　　　　　　 B. It is an opinion
C. It is an evidence D. All the three
(3)In a trial, a judge must consider the eyewitness’　　　.  
A. appearance　B. job　 　C. opinion　　D. facts
(4)How does the writer explain the two terms of“fact” and “opinion”?
A. By giving examples. B. By giving definitions (定义).
C. By giving evidence. D. Both A and B.
(5)In 1945 Jan Hasek saw　　　.  
A. something exploded
B. the mine was closed
C. some German soldiers
D. the Amber Room
答案: (1)～(5)CADDC
2. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。

译文: 他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息, 这些信息必须是事实而不是个人观点。
根据文章内容完成空格。
Name
Jan Hasek
Job
A(1) miner
Place
The Czech
Republic
Time
April, 1945
What he heard
something(2) exploded at midnight
What he saw
Some German soldiers put (3)wooden boxes in the mine; The (4) entrance to the mine was closed.
What he
believed
The Amber Room and some gold were(5) buried in the mine.
　Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践 
1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。
(1)What is a fact?
A fact is anything that can be proved.  
(2)What is an opinion?
An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved.  
(3)What is evidence?
Evidence is true information which must be facts rather than opinions.  
2. 根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)我曾经参观过被人高度评价(think highly of)的古城堡(castle), 入口(entrance)宽大;
(2)里面收藏着许多有价值的珠宝和绘画(painting);
(3)一位老水手拆除(take apart)很多东西并且沉入(sink)无名湖里, 至今成谜。
Once upon a time I visited an old castle, which was highly thought of by people. The entrance to it is very wide. It is said that many valuable treasures and other paintings were stored in it. But an old sailor took many things apart and sank them in an unknown lake. Until now it remains a mystery.  

1. apart adv. 分离地; 分别地
*What sets me apart is my fluent English and enthusiasm for sports.
让我与众不同的是我流利的英语和对运动的热情。
*Apart from trade, the EU and China are making progress in several other areas.
除了贸易之外, 欧盟和中国在其他一些领域也在取得进步。
【词块积累】
take apart　　　　　拆开
tell. . . apart 把……区别开来
apart from 除……以外(别无); 除……之外(还有)
用介、副词填空。
(1)Let’s take the radio apart and see what’s wrong with it.
(2)Apart from eating yuanxiao, there will be a grand lantern fair.
(3)I want to know how to tell different species of plants and flowers apart.
2. explode vi. 爆炸
*China’s bike-sharing has exploded from nothing about a year ago into a transport phenomenon in major cities.
中国共享单车大约一年前突增, 并成为一些主要城市的交通现象。
*With the firecrackers exploding in the sky, the new year has been with us.
随着爆竹在空中炸响, 新年已经来到我们身边。
【词块积累】
(1)explode 　　　　　　vi. 激增; 爆发
explode with/into 突然……
(2)explosion n. 爆炸
【熟词生义】
After ten minutes the game exploded into life.
比赛在十分钟后突然激烈起来。(v. 突然活跃起来)
　　　　　 【巧学助记】 语境串记explode与其词形变化
The gas pipe is explosive. If it explodes, the explosion may do great damage to the buildings around.
煤气管道是易爆的。如果管道发生爆炸, 爆炸会对周围的建筑物造成极大损害。

(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
相反, 它们会像小型风味炸弹一样在你的嘴里爆炸。

(1)用explode的适当形式填空。
①Digital reading is an important skill for children to master in this age of information explosion.
②The bomb was timed to explode during the rush hour.  
③Several scientific myths were exploded by Galileo’s observations.  
(2)The whole class seemed to explode with laughter at that moment.
译: 就在那一刻, 全班同学似乎都笑了起来。
3. sink vi. 下沉; 沉下; 坐下
*The ship was sinking fast. There seemed to be no hope.
船在快速下沉, 似乎没有任何希望。
*“Xiachen” means that brands’ marketing efforts are adapting to sinking into lower-tier markets.
“下沉”意思是品牌营销正在适应沉入较低层次的市场。
*I stood there, with a blank face and a sinking heart.
我站在那里, 面无表情, 心情沉重。
【词块积累】
sink into　　　　　　渗入, 陷入, 沉入, 进入
sink back 重重地往后坐下
sink to 沉到
sink below 落到……下

(1)语法填空。
①A bite from a thief sinks to the bone.
②He was very tired and sank into a chair.
③She sank back, unwilling to face her father’s anger.
④As he turned homeward, the sun was sinking (sink)below the mountain.  
(2)单句改错。
He sank all his savings below the firm. (below改为into)
4. think highly of 看重, 器重
*Tedros thought highly of the measures taken by China on dealing with COVID-19.
特德罗斯高度称赞了中国采取的应对新型冠状病毒肺炎的措施。
*The Singing Competition and the Writing Competition were both highly thought of by students.
歌唱比赛和写作大赛都获得了学生们的高度评价。
【词块积累】
think well/much of　对……评价很高; 看重; 欣赏
think poorly/ill/badly/little/lightly of
对……评价不高/差; 轻视
think nothing of 觉得……没什么/不难

(1)President Xi thought highly of(高度评价) the achievements that Peking University had made in scientific research and innovation.  
(2)He often tells lies, which makes others think poorly/ill/badly of him(看不起他).  
(3)All the activities held by our club were highly thought of. 我们俱乐部举办的所有活动都获得了好评。 

(2021·浙江高考)Most of the students think highly of this exhibition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.
这次展览为学生提供了一个探索中国之美、体验中国艺术魅力的平台, 得到了广大学生的高度评价。
　　　　　　 【补偿训练】语法填空。
①He thinks nothing of walking four miles to work and back every day.
②All of the teachers think well (good) of his teaching methods.
5. debate n. &vi. 争论; 辩论
*There has been an ongoing debate about the proper retirement age.
人们一直在讨论着恰当的退休年龄。
*There is a debate on his fitness for the highest office.
争论围绕他是否能胜任最高职务展开。
*The truth of the news report that a bomb exploded in a residential building is beyond debate.
炸弹在一居民楼爆炸的新闻报道的真实性无可争议。
【词块积累】
(1)under debate　　 　在辩论中; 在讨论中
have a. . . debate on. . . 关于……进行了……的辩论
beyond/without debate 无可争辩的; 毋庸置疑的
(2)debate with sb. on/about/over sth.
与某人争论/讨论某事

(1)用恰当的介词填空。
①The suggestion he put forward is still under debate.
②It is a fact without/beyond debate that the air here has been polluted.
③Our class had a debate on whether we should watch TV or read books in the original.
(2)All the players will take turns to debate on the topic of whether we should conserve animals.  
所有选手将轮流就我们是否应该保护动物进行辩论。
6. One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and jewels.  
一天, 他正在一家二手家具店里查看, 这时他(突然)在众多不同的花瓶和首饰中看见了一个神奇的东西。
【句式解构】
　　本句是be doing. . . when. . . 句型。when在句中作并列连词, 意为“这时(突然)”, 相当于and then, and at that time。
*He was doing his homework when the fire alarm began ringing.
他正在做作业, 这时火警响了。
*I was lying awake on my bed when suddenly Sarah came inside and started screaming. 我正躺在床上还没睡着, 这时萨拉突然跑进来, 开始大喊大叫。
　　　　　 【知识延伸】
(1)be about to do. . . when. . . 　　　　即将做……这时……
(2)be on the point of doing. . . when. . . 正要做……这时……
(3)had just done. . . when. . . 刚做完……这时……
*He was about to hang off his phone when he thought of an important thing.
他即将挂断电话这时他想起了一件重要的事情。
*The sailors were on the point of giving up stopping the ship from sinking when their captain came up to help them. 水手们正要放弃阻止船的下沉, 这时他们的船长过来帮助他们。
*He had just rushed into the classroom when the teacher came in. 他刚跑进教室, 这时老师进来了。

(1)语法填空。
We were talking when he suddenly took his jacket and ran away.
(2)He was about to give up the question when suddenly he found the answer.  
当他正准备放弃这个问题时, 突然他找到了答案。
(3)He had not gone far when he bumped into a large cow and fell down.  
他还没有走多远就撞上了一头大奶牛, 摔倒了。
　　　　　　【补偿训练】语法填空。
①A woman and a man were driving(drive)along the motorway in opposite direction when they crashed into each other.  
②I was about to leave when it began to rain.
③I was on the point of speaking when my wife stood up and stopped me.
7. Nor do I think they should give it to any government.  
我认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府部门。
【句式解构】
(1)此句为主从复合句, 句中含有省略连词that的宾语从句。
(2)主句为否定副词nor置于句首的部分倒装句。
*We should never post our personal information, nor should we rashly add strangers to the list of friends.
我们永远都不应该公开自己的私人信息, 也不要轻率地添加陌生人为好友。
*For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans. 对于这种机器, 这种品质不是与生俱来的, 也不是人类引入的。

(1)部分倒装的句式为“否定副词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+动词+其他”。
(2)常用于部分倒装的否定副词: nor/neither/little/seldom/never/hardly等。
句型转换。
(1)The students will always have a tough time in the last year in senior high school, and me, too.
→The students will always have a tough time in the last year in senior high school, and so will I.  
(2)I can’t speak Russian and my friends can’t speak it either.
→I can’t speak Russian and neither/nor can my friends.  
(3)He couldn’t hear criticism; he could neither hear praise.
→He couldn’t hear criticism; neither/nor could he hear praise.  
【要点拾遗】
1. trial n. 审判; 审讯; 试验
*Snowden said that he would like to return home—if he could get a fair trial.
斯诺登说他希望回到祖国, 但前提是得到公平的审判。
*All the trials you go through will increase your independence. 你经历的所有这些磨难会让你更为独立。
*He is employed for two weeks on trial.
他被雇来试用两周。
【词块积累】
for a trial　　　　　　　　试试
(be) on trial　　　　　　 在受审; 在试验中
under trial 在审理中

(1)语法填空。
①While choosing a phone, you can use it for a trial.
②The robots have been on trial for the past year.
(2)单句改错。
①I took the car out for trial on the roads. (for 后加上a)
②The case connected with him is on trial now. (on 改为 under)
2. rather than而不是; 与其说……不如说……
*Many people can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member.
许多人仍然发现拥有一部家庭电话比为每个家庭成员提供一部手机更方便。
*If you have been wanting to exercise more in your daily life, you may start sooner rather than later.
如果你一直想在日常生活中多锻炼一些, 那么你可以尽快开始, 而不是再晚一些。
【词块积累】


(1)rather than连接两个平行成分。
(2)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(3)rather than连接两个不定式时, rather than后需用省略to的不定式形式。

(1)语法填空。
①It is a way of exploring out of the campus rather than acquiring(acquire) knowledge from textbooks.
②I think that it is Tom rather than you is (be) responsible for what has happened.
(2)选词填空(rather than, other than, more than)。
①I am determined to study harder rather than waste precious time on playing video games.  
②He has visited every country in Asia other than Japan.  
③Mobike now has more than 10, 000 bikes in Shanghai.  
3. evidence n. 根据; 证据
*According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer than non-runners.
根据某医学杂志对证据的审查, 跑步者比不跑步的人要多活三年。
*Now there is evidence that the smartphones in our pockets are actually making us dumber. 现在有证据证明我们口袋里的智能手机其实在使我们变笨。
*It is evident that he is not equal to the job.
显然, 他不能胜任那个工作。
【词块积累】
(1)There is some evidence that. . .
　　　　　　　　　　　　有证据证明……
in evidence 显眼, 显而易见
(2)evident adj. 明显的, 明白的
It’s evident that. . . 很明显……

　　在“There is some/no evidence that. . . ”句型中, that引导的是同位语从句, 说明evidence的具体内容, 而且There不可以改为It。

(2021·浙江高考)There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life.
有很多非常有趣的证据似乎表明, 如果儿童在七岁之前受到启发, 那么户外活动将成为终生的习惯。

(1)语法填空。
①There has been no solid evidence(evident)of the negative side effects of GM food on human beings so far.
②It was evident that Steven grew to love Mr Rowe more and more with each passing day.
(2) There’s some evidence that outdoor activities are good for us.  
有证据证明, 户外活动对我们有好处。
4. entrance n. 入口
*Beside the entrance to the church, turn right.
在教堂入口旁向右转。
*As a senior three student, I’m taking the College Entrance Examination in the near future.
作为一名高三学生, 我将参加不久要举行的高考。
【词块积累】
the entrance to +地点　　　　 ……的入口
make an entrance into. . . 进入……
at the entrance 在入口处
College Entrance Examination 高考

(2021·全国乙卷)Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50, 000 people.
罗马斗兽场高157英尺, 有80个入口, 可容纳5万人。

(1)语法填空。
①I’ll wait for you at the entrance of the cinema at 6: 45 p. m.
②There is a back entrance to the theatre.
③Pay national park entrance(enter) fees to ensure your visit supports conservation.
(2) If you make an entrance into a particular activity or system, you will succeed in becoming involved in it.  
如果你进入一个特定的活动或系统, 你就成功地参与其中。
(3)With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, some students in Senior Three suffer from both physical and mental problems.  
随着高考的临近, 一些高三学生的身体和精神都出现了问题。
5. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.  
举例来说, 中国人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多, 这是可以得到证实的。
【句式解构】
　　句中“it can be proved that从句”为“it+be+过去分词+that从句”结构。在该结构中, it为形式主语; that从句为真正的主语。

(1)It is said that. . . 　　　　据说……
It is reported that. . . 据报道……
It is believed that. . . 人们认为/相信……
It is suggested that. . . 人们建议……
It is hoped that. . . 人们希望……
(2)有的“It is+过去分词+that从句”结构可与“sb. /sth. is+过去分词+to do. . . ”结构相互转换。
*It is proved that our English Corner is very helpful and is welcomed by students, teachers and parents.
经证明, 我们的英语角很受学生、老师和家长的欢迎。
*It is said that some kinds of tea, such as green tea and black tea, can reduce the risk of cancer. 据说有些种类的茶, 比如绿茶和红茶, 可以减少癌症的危险。
*It is suggested that the work should be done with great care. 根据建议这项工作应该仔细完成。

(1)语法填空。
① It was proved that steam is hotter than boiling water.
②Donating blood is reported (report)to do good to health.  
(2)句型转换。
It is said that he studied abroad, but we don’t know which country he studied in.
→ He is said to have studied abroad, but we don’t know which country he studied in.  

Ⅰ. 语用功能表达
表达观点、看法
1. Do/Don’t you think that. . . ? 　　 你(不)认为……?
2. Do you have any ideas about. . . ? 你对……有什么看法?
3. How do you feel about. . . ? 你对……怎么看?
4. What would you say. . . ? 你对……怎么说?
5. What’s your idea/opinion of. . . ? 你对……有什么看法?
6. Who do you think was. . . ? 你认为谁……?
7. Are you sure that he/she was telling the truth?
你确信他/她说的是事实吗?
8. I think/don’t think that. . . 我认为/不认为……
9. Sorry, I don’t agree with you. 很抱歉, 我不同意。
10. It can be proved. 这可以证明。
11. I don’t believe. . . because. . . 我不相信……因为……
12. That can’t be true. 那不可能是真的。
13. In my opinion. . . 在我看来……
14. I think. . . is telling the truth because. . .
我认为……在说实话因为……
Ⅱ. 话题情景交流
　　根据对话情景和内容, 从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两个为多余选项。
Mary: Tom, I’ve just moved to a new house.
Tom: Really? Congratulations!
Mary: Thank you, and I’d like to buy a new television set.
Tom: What kind of television do you want to buy?
Mary: A color TV set, of course. But I’m not sure about the size. Maybe we should buy a big one. If we buy a small one, we might have to change it in a few years’ time for a big one. 1. 　　　　 
Tom: In my opinion, 2. 　　　　 
Mary: Is there any reason?
Tom: Yes. As we know, your sitting room isn’t very big. If you put in a very big television set, it will be bad for your eyes. Besides, a smaller TV set can have clear pictures. 3. 　　　　 
Mary: Mm, 4. 　　　　 
Tom: Good.
A. What do you think?
B. What is your opinion?
C. Mm, that’s quite true.
D. Why do you think so?
E. I don’t think it necessary to buy a very big one.
F. I agree with you.
答案: 1～4. BEAF

Ⅰ. 语段填词
1. When he was busy taking the clock apart (分离) and tried to find out what was wrong, something exploding (爆炸) in the distance shocked him.
2. As for the trial(审判), some reporters think that it is too informal(非正式的)and the evidence(证据) is not enough.
3. Even though the sun was sinking (下沉) in the west, these little children were still debating(争论) with each other about some small things at the entrance (入口) to the park.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
rather than, apart from, think highly of, in a trial,
the entrance to, sink into, explode with, under debate
1. It would be better to transport the goods by rail rather than by road.  
2. Apart from being too large, the trousers don’t suit me.  
3. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.  
4. It will take a little time for the rain to sink into the dry earth.  
5. I can’t find the entrance to the park.  
6. New evidence showed the suspect lied in a trial.  
7. Judging from his expression, he doesn’t think highly of your plan.  
8. On seeing his funny expression, we all exploded with laughter.  
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. It has been proved that light coming from the stars was bent as it passed the sun.  
恒星来的光线当其经过太阳时变弯曲了, 这是被证实了的。
2. I was doing my homework when my mother came back home.  
我正在写作业, 这时妈妈回家了。
3. Nor do I think they should give it to others.  
我也认为他们不应该把它交给他人。
4. It is evident that his house was completely destroyed in the earthquake.  
很明显, 他的房子在地震中被彻底摧毁了。
5. As far as I know, the young man is highly thought of in his company.  
据我所知, 这个年轻人在公司里很受器重。
Ⅳ. 课文短文改错
A fact is anything which can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China have more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true and has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you said “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be truth, but it is difficult to be prove. Some people may not agree to this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right.
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness look like or where that person lives or works. This kind of information called evidence.
答案:


如何写班级辩论报告

(1)要通过摆事实、讲道理来确定某观点正确与否, 肯定或否定某种主张。
(2)明确文章结构: 第一部分开门见山, 点明辩论主题; 第二部分列举正反观点, 说明其理由; 第三部分得出结论或给出自己的见解、观点。
(3)分清层次, 过渡自然。

　　最近你市发现了一处唐代文化遗址。是否应当开发? 人们就此展开了激烈的讨论。请你就此写一篇100个词左右的辩论报告, 并发表自己的看法。
赞成开发
应开发利用以吸引更多的游客来旅游观光
反对开发
应保持原样, 妥善保护, 以免遭人为破坏
你的观点
……
参考词汇: 开发: explore; 旅游业: tourism



1. 完成句子
(1)他们认为这个文化遗迹值得开发。
They think the cultural relic is worth exploring.  
(2)开发将会使人们更多地了解我国伟大的历史。
Exploring will make people learn more about the great history of our country.  
(3)文化遗迹不能遭到人们的破坏。
The cultural relic cannot be destroyed by people.  
2. 句式升级
(4)用非限制性定语从句合并句子(1)(2)。
They think the cultural relic is worth exploring, which will make people learn more about the great history of our country.  
(5)用only in this way开头的倒装句改写句(3)。
Only in this way can the cultural relic not be destroyed by people.  

　　Recently, citizens in our city have had/held a heated debate on whether we should explore the cultural relic, which was discovered in our city. Different people have different opinions.  
Some people think highly of the idea. They think the cultural relic is worth exploring, which will make people learn more about the great history of our country. What’s more, this valuable cultural relic can attract more visitors to our city, which will improve our tourism. However, others hold an opposite opinion, thinking that we should keep it as it is and protect it properly. Only in this way can it not be destroyed by people.
As far as I am concerned, we should talk with the experts in search of a better way to make good use of this rare cultural relic.

1. 话题词汇
(1)rare adj. 　　　 稀罕的; 珍贵的
(2)valuable adj. 有价值的
(3)mystery n. 谜
(4)castle n. 城堡
(5)disappear v. 消失
(6)belong to 属于
(7)cultural relics 文化遗产
(8)think highly of 高度评价, 高度重视
2. 话题句式
(1)明确辩题
①Recently we have had a debate on whether we should explore the cultural relic.
最近, 我们就是否应该开发文物进行了讨论。
②Some people are in favor of what I think. 有些人赞成我的想法。
③Other people are against the action. 另一些人反对这次行动。
④There are different opinions among people as to the action.
关于这一行动, 人们有不同的意见。
(2)正方观点
People who are for the idea think that it’s right for us to do that.
支持这个观点的人认为我们那样做是对的。
(3)反方观点
①Some of them hold a different view.
他们中的一些人持有不同的观点。
②However, the others are strongly against it.
然而, 其他人则强烈反对。
(4) 个人观点
①My point of view is that we should do that immediately.
我的观点是我们应该立即那样做。
②As far as I’m concerned, every coin has two sides.
在我看来, 任何事物都有两面性。

How the Steel Was Tempered(excerpt)
　　Odarka threw a careless glance at Pavel and snapped at him, “If it’s dinner you’re hankering after you’re a bit early, my lad. Ought to be ashamed of yourself sneaking away from work like that! Take your feet off that stove. This is a kitchen, not a bathhouse! ”
　　The cook came in at that point.
　　“My blasted boot has gone to pieces, ” Pavel said, explaining his untimely presence in the kitchen.
　　The elderly cook looked at the battered boot and nodding toward Odarka. He said, “Her husband might be able to do something with it; he’s a bit of a cobbler. Better see to it or you’ll be in a bad way. You can’t get along without boots. ”
　　When she heard this, Odarka took another look at Pavel.
　　“I took you for a loafer, ” she admitted.
　　Pavel smiled to show that there were no hard feelings. Odarka examined the boot with the eye of an expert.
　　“There’s no use trying to patch it, ” she concluded. “But I’ll tell you what I can do. I’ll bring you an old galosh we’ve got lying around at home and you can wear it on top of the boot. You can’t go around like that, you’ll kill yourself! The frosts will start any day now! ”And Odarka, now all sympathy, laid down her knife and hurried out, returning shortly with a deep galosh and a strip of stout linen.
　　As he wrapped his foot, now warm and dry, in the thick linen and put it into the galosh, Pavel rewarded Odarka with a grateful look.
　　Tokarev came back from town fuming. He called a meeting of the leading Communists in Kholyava’s room and told them the unpleasant news.
　　“Nothing but obstacles all along the line. Wherever you go the wheels seem to be turning but they don’t get anywhere. Far too many of those White rats about, and it looks as if there’ll be enough to last our lifetime anyway. I tell you, boys, things look bad. There are no replacements for us yet and no one knows how many there will be. The frosts are due any day now, and we must get through the marsh before then at all costs, because when the ground freezes it’ll be too late. So while they’re shaking up those fellows in town who’re making a mess of things, we here have to double our speed. That line has got to be built and we’re going to build it if we die doing it. Otherwise it isn’t Bolsheviks! We’ll be but jelly-fish. ” There was a steely note in Tokarev’s hoarse bass voice, and his eyes under their bushy brows had a stubborn gleam.
　　“We’ll call a closed meeting today and pass on the news to our Party members and tomorrow we’ll all get down to work. In the morning we’ll let the non-Party fellows go; the rest of us will stay. Here’s the Gubernia Committee decision, ” he said, handing Pankratov a folded sheet of paper.
《钢铁是怎样炼成的》是苏联作家尼古拉·奥斯特洛夫斯基所著的一部长篇小说。 小说通过记叙保尔·柯察金的成长道路告诉人们, 一个人只有在革命的艰难困苦中战胜敌人也战胜自己, 只有在把自己的追求和祖国、人民的利益联系在一起的时候, 才会创造出奇迹, 才会成长为钢铁战士。 


1. hanker　　 vi. 向往; 追求
2. blasted adj. 枯萎的; 破烂的
3. cobbler n. 补鞋匠
4. fume vi. 冒烟; 发怒
5. marsh n. 沼泽; 湿地
6. steely adj. 钢铁般的
7. sneak away 偷偷溜走

1. (语言能力)What’s the meaning of the underlined word?
It means “repair” or “mend”.  
2. (思维品质)What can we learn about the work Pavel was doing?
The work was hard and challenging, but it was to be finished despite difficulties.  
3. (文化意识)What can we know about the quality of Pavel from this passage?
He is hardworking and devoted to the cause.  
读后感悟: __________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
译文:
《钢铁是怎样炼成的》(节选)
　　奥达尔卡轻蔑地瞥了保尔一眼, 挖苦他说: “你怎么啦, 等饭吃呢? 还早呢。你这小伙子准是偷懒溜出来的, 你应该感到羞愧。别把脚丫子伸到火炉上, 这是厨房, 不是澡堂子! ”
　　那时, 厨师走了进来。
　　“靴子全烂了。”保尔解释了一下他过早地到厨房来的原因。
　　那位老厨师看了看破靴子, 对奥达尔卡点了点头, 说: “她的男人是半拉子鞋匠, 让他帮帮你的忙吧, 最好意识到它, 否则你将处于糟糕的状况。没鞋穿就别想要命了。”
　　奥达尔卡听厨师这样说, 又仔细看了看保尔, 感到有点不好意思。
　　“我把您错当成懒虫了。”她抱歉地说。
　　保尔笑了笑, 表示没有什么痛苦的感觉。奥达尔卡用行家的眼光翻看着那只靴子。
　　“试图补它是不顶事的, ”她总结道。“但是我可以告诉你我能做的。我家有一只旧套鞋, 我给您拿来吧, 可别冻坏了脚。受这种罪, 哪儿见过呀! 明后天就要上大冻, 那您可够受的! ”奥达尔卡同情地说。她放下菜刀, 急忙走了出去。不一会儿, 她拿来一只高统套鞋和一块厚实的亚麻布。
保尔用布包好脚, 烤得热乎乎的, 干干的, 穿上了暖和的套鞋。这时, 他以感激的表情, 默默地看了看奥达尔卡。
　　托卡列夫从城里回来, 窝着一肚子火。他把积极分子召集到霍利亚瓦的房间里, 向他们讲了那些令人不快的消息。
　　“到处都怠工。不管你到哪儿, 车轮都没停, 可就是在原地打转。对那些反动家伙, 看来咱们还是抓少了, 一辈子都得碰上这号人。同志们, 我就跟你们明说了吧: 情况糟透了。到现在换班的人还没凑齐, 能派来多少也不知道。转眼就要上大冻。上冻前, 豁出命来也要把路铺过那片沼泽。不然, 以后用牙啃也啃不动。就是这样, 同志们, 城里那帮捣鬼的家伙们, 会有人收拾他们的, 咱们呢, 要在这儿加油干, 快干。哪怕脱五层皮, 也要修好。要不, 咱们还叫什么布尔什维克呢? 只能算草包。”托卡列夫的声音铿锵有力, 完全不是平时那种沙哑的低音。他那浓密的眉毛下面, 两只眼睛炯炯发亮, 说明他坚定不移, 下决心干到底。
　　“今天咱们就召开党团员会议, 向同志们讲清楚, 明天大家照常上工。非党非团的同志, 明天早晨就可以回去, 党团员都留下。这儿是团省委的决议。”说着, 他把一张叠起来的纸交给了潘克拉托夫。

正反观点类作文的句式汇总
一、常见表达
在谈论正反两方面的观点或看法时, 我们有很多句式结构可以信手拈来加以使用, 如介绍观点不一样时可用:
Opinions vary on this topic.
Different people usually see the same subject in different lights.
Different people hold different opinions/views.
Opinions are divided on this topic.
Opinions fall mainly into two groups.
People have taken different attitudes towards. . .
表达不同观点:
50% of them hold the opinion that. . .
49% of them are in favor of the idea that. . .
People who are for/against the idea think that. . .
Some people believe that. . . Others argue that. . .
不同观点之间的衔接:
However, 39% of them hold a different view. /40% of them hold the opposite opinion.
People who are against it don’t think so.
However, each coin has two sides.
On the other hand. . . people object that. . .
谈论自己的看法:
When it comes to me. . .
As the saying goes, every coin has two sides. And the same is true for this topic.
As far as I am concerned. . .
二、功能句式
【开头】
1. As for the healthy life, different people have different opinions.
2. From the story, I have learnt that we should believe in ourselves and be confident in our future.
3. Mobile phones are everywhere and sometimes they can be very annoying.
4. All the facts suggest that failure is the mother of success.
【过程】
1. 在调查中有70%的学生对作业满意。
①70% of the students surveyed are satisfied with the homework.
②70% of the students who were surveyed are satisfied with the homework.
③Those who are satisfied with the homework account for 70% of the students surveyed.
2. 学生们的观点各不相同。
①Students’ views vary from person to person.
②Students’ views differ from person to person.
3. 有些人认为财富比健康更重要。
①There are some people who think that wealth is more important than health.
②There are some people thinking that wealth is more important than health.
4. 是教育而不是天分在一个人的成功和失败之间发挥重大作用。
①Not genius but education makes a difference between success and failure.
②It is not genius but education that makes a difference between success and failure.
5. 随着互联网的发展, 网上购物越来越流行。
①With the development of the Internet, shopping online is becoming more and more popular.
②As the Internet develops, shopping online is becoming more and more popular.
③As the Internet develops, it is more and more popular to shop online.
6. 就我而言, 我支持第一种观点。
①As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the first view.
②As far as I am concerned, I am for the first view.
③As for me, I am in favor of the first view.
【结尾】
1. Therefore, I like my English classes to be taught completely in English.
2. Only by reading books are we able to realize what happened centuries ago.
3. In the race for quality, there is no finish line.
4. In my opinion, the pollution should be brought under control.
5. To sum up, equality continues to be the goal of women.
6. That is to say, if you want to win, you have to believe in yourself.