专题06 短文填空-冲刺2022年中考英语重难题型考前突破（广东专用）

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冲刺2022年中考英语必考题型考前热点押题（广东专用）-短文填空
【解析版】
短文填空考查在语境中运用语法的能力, 综合性强,本身难度较大。词数在210～240之间,文章立意鲜明, 富有时代感和人文性, 是非常积极的、正面的、学生易于理解并贴近学生学习和生活语言材料。通过主人公的故事宣扬某个具有教育意义的主题, 文章容易理解, 主要考查学生语言知识在文章载体中的运用能力。此题对学生篇章结构和逻辑推理能力要求较高, 不仅对学生在语境中单词的运用能力有所要求, 而且要求学生学会 “瞻前顾后”, 联系上下文得出答案。考点比较广泛, 主要聚焦连词、介词、副词、代词、名词、形容词、动词、冠词等, 其中也包含固定搭配和句型等的考查。

考点分析
年份
话题
体裁考点
名词
动词
数词
形容词
副词
介词
连词
冠词
代词
疑问词
固定搭配
2021
热爱中国
记叙文
1
3
-
1
-
1
2
-
1
1
1
2020
热心女孩
记叙文
2
2
-
-
-
1
1
-
2
1
1
2019
乡村游记
记叙文
2
1
-
1
1
1
2
1
1
-
-
2018
小事铸就人生
记叙文
-
2
1
2
1
1
-
1
2
-
-
2017
无网生活
记叙文
3
1
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
-

考题预测
1. 文体/形式/人称：文体全为记叙文。
2. 选材：故事均有教育引导意义, 且贴近学生日常学习与生活。
3. 字数/段落/生词数：字数：180～238； 段落：2～5；生词数：0～3。
4. 考查词特点：
(1)近年短文填空所有考过的词都是人教版教材和外研版教材共有的词汇；
(2) 所考查的实词不在试题其他题目出现, 避免相互提示。
5. 必考点：动词每年必考1～3道, 多于1道时, 所填形式不能一样；代词每年必考1～2道, 以1道为主, 考查2道时, 角度不重复, 除his, 近8年没有重复过；介词：每年必考1道, 除from, 其余介词没有重复过, 主要在固定搭配中考查；高频考点名词：除18年外, 每年必考1～3道；副词8年9考, 每年0～2道, 都是特殊副词, 且考过的词没有重过；冠词：除2020年未考外, 其余每年必考1道, 形容词8年6考；连词8年7考, 从属连词与并列连词均有涉及, 若考2道, 不能是同一类；新增考点：宾语从句、定语从句引导词和主谓一致（考点不与试题语法选择以及完形所涉及的词汇重复）。
6. 每篇涉及固定搭配1～5道, 有多个答案可涉及0～3道, 以0～1道为主。
7. 所填词可为名词复数, 动词过去式及现在分词、过去分词。
注意：因为是盲填, 设空一定是学生能做出答案, 且答案尽量是唯一的, 所考词必须是重点词。

解题技巧
一、跳过空格, 通读短文, 了解大意
先快速通读全文, 尽量理解文章的主要内容, 再仔细揣摩需要填词的句子。只有完全理解全句的意思, 才能准确填写单词。
二、复读短文, 确定语义, 判断词形
1. 利用上下文的语境, 结合所学过的知识, 先确定空格处所需填词语的意义。
2. 根据空格在句子中的位置, 判断其在句中充当的成分, 从而确定所填词的词性, 再依据词语搭配和语法规则, 判断所填的词的正确形式, 如名词单复数、形容词或副词的级别、动词时态和语态及语气等, 要特别注意时态的呼应及主谓一致。
三、通读短文, 检查答案

Exercise 1
Working as a reporter and TV host for over 20 years, Janis Chan from Hong Kong has always tried to create a window to the motherland.
In 2021, Chan hosted a (1)_______ called No Poverty Land (《无穷之路》). The show records how people in remote (偏远的) areas of China get rid of poverty. In the documentary, Chan (2)_______ three months walking across mountains and rivers to reach remote (3)_______ in Hainan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, and the Guangxi Zhuang and Ningxia Hui autonomous (自治的) regions.
To reach one village, she (4)_______ a 2,556-step ladder up a steep (陡峭的) mountain. She also went (5)_______ sandstorms in northwest China and overcame altitude sickness (高原病) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). Chan not only talked with locals (6)_______ experienced their lives. She wanted to show the audience the changes that have taken (7)_______ in these areas.
After the show won good reviews at home and (8)_______, Chan said she wants to produce more shows to get more people to know China (9)_______.
“There are people out there who’d always like to question the achievements of the mainland and mistrust (不信任) them. We’ve seen the changes, and we felt (10)_______ necessary to do a program like this.”
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】show
【解析】考查名词。从下文“the show”可知填show。
2.【答案】spends
【解析】考查动词。句意：陈花了三个月的时间穿越山川，到达海南、贵州、云南和四川等省的偏远村庄。“spend... doing sth.”意为“花（时间/钱）做某事”。节目记录着事实或剧情，故用一般现在时，填spends。
3.【答案】villages / areas
【解析】考查名词。从下文且此句“To reach one village”可知，陈爬山涉水是为了去偏远的村庄记录当地人脱贫的故事，故填villages / areas。
4.【答案】climbed
【解析】考查动词。句意：为了到达一个村庄，她爬上了2556级的梯子，爬上了一座陡峭的山。“climb up”意为“向上爬；攀登”。根据下文可知时态为一般过去时，处填climbed。
5.【答案】through
【解析】考查介词。句意：她还经历了中国西北的沙尘暴，克服了青藏高原的高原反应。“go through”意为“经过；经历”。故填through。
6.【答案】but
【解析】考查连词或固定搭配。句意：不仅与当地人交谈，还亲身体验了他们的生活。“not only...but (also)...”意为“不仅......而且......”，故填but。
7.【答案】place
【解析】考查固定搭配或名词。句意：她想向观众展示这些地区发生的变化。“take place”意为“发生”。故填place。
8.【答案】abroad
【解析】考查副词。句意：节目播出后赢得了国内外的好评。“at home and abroad”意为“国内外”。故填abroad。
9.【答案】better
【解析】考查形容词。句意：她希望制作更多的节目，让更多人更好地了解中国。故填better。
10.【答案】it
【解析】考查代词。句意：我们觉得有必要做这样一个节目。“feel it + adj. + to do sth.”意为“觉得很......做某事”或“觉得做某事很......”，it在此作为形式宾语，指代“to do a program like this”。故填it。

Exercise 2
No matter where he has been, Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind.
In 1957, Yang was studying in the US. He and (1)_______ Chinese student, Tsung-dao Lee (李政道), (2)_______ up with a physics theory together. Months later, the two (3)_______ the Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory. Their achievement proved (证明) that Chinese scientists could be on the global frontier (前沿).
(4)_______, the “frozen” Sino-US (中美) relations prevented Chinese scientists who received doctoral degrees (博士学位) in the US from (5)_______ to China.
Then, in 1971, Yang finally got the (6)_______ to return to China for a visit. Later, Yang sold a house in the US, donating the money to Tsinghua University. In 2003, Yang returned to China and also (7)_______ at Tsinghua.
Under his influence, many overseas Chinese returned to China to make contributions, (8)_______ as Turing Award winner Yao Qizhi and physicist Wu Xiaogang.
“I am as (9)_______ of my Chinese heritage (传统) and background as I am devoted to modern science, (10)_______ part of human civilization (文明) of Western origin.”
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】another
【解析】考查形容词。句意：1957年，杨政宁在美国求学。他和另一名中国学生李政道一起提出了一个物理理论。故填another。
2.【答案】came
【解析】考查动词。“come up with”意为“提出；想出”，时间为1957年，一般过去时，故填came。
3.【答案】won
【解析】考查动词。根据上下文可知，他们因此赢得了诺贝尔物理学奖。“win the prize”意为“获奖”。故填won。
4.【答案】However
【解析】考查副词。根据上下文可知，此处进行了转折,故填However。
5.【答案】returning
【解析】考查动词。句意：“冻结”的中美关系使得在美国获得博士学位的中国科学家无法回国。“prevent...from doing sth.”意为“阻止......做某事”。从下文“in 1971, Yang finally got the (6)_______ to return to China for a visit.”可知此处填returning。
6.【答案】chance
【解析】考查名词。句意：1971年，杨终于有机会回到中国进行访问。故填chance。
7.【答案】taught
【解析】考查动词。句意：2003年，杨回到中国，也在清华大学任教。故填taught。
8.【答案】such
【解析】考查固定搭配。根据上下文，空处后面举了两个科学家的例子。“such as”意为“例如”，故填such。
9.【答案】proud
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我为我的中国传统和背景感到骄傲，就像我对现代科学的热爱一样。“be proud of”意为“为......感到骄傲”故填proud。
10.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：（现代科学）是源于西方的人类文明的一部分。此句是“modern science”的同位语。“a part of”意为“......的一部分”。故填a。

Exercise 3
It's the third checkup for Su Yiming after the surgery (外科手术) on his leg two months ago. The injury has (1)_______ the 14-year-old from training with the national snowboarding (单板滑雪) team. (2)_______ may take him one to two months to recover (恢复). The snow season is coming. Su needs to get better for the most (3)_______ life decision he is ever to make.
In 2014, Su got a (4)_______ in the movie, The Taking of Tiger Mountain 《智取威虎山》, for his skiing talent and became famous. (5)_______ when Beijing won the bid (投标) for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Su decided to train as a winter sport athlete.
Although Su hasn’t recovered from injury yet, he can’t wait to return to the game. The success of Su's idol, Shaun White, (6)_______ won halfpipe (U型滑道) gold with a strained (扭伤的) ankle on his final run before retirement, made him excited and confident. “I know what I want and I work hard (7)_______ it,” said Su. “I just keep at it and make (8)_______ every day. My confidence has grown day by day.”
To rejoin the national team, Su must complete (9)_______ six-month training plan within three months. His excellent performance in the Snowboard Junior National Championship season enabled him to enter China's national team at (10)_______. But this is just the beginning of his professional career. “My goal is certainly the top of the podium (领奖台) and I will try my best to reach it every time,” said Su.
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】kept / stopped / prevented
【解析】考查动词。句意：这次受伤使这位14岁的少年无法与国家单板滑雪队一起训练。keep/stop/prevent sb. from doing sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”。
2.【答案】It
【解析】考查代词。根据It takes sb. some time to do sth.这个句型，空处缺少形式主语，故填It。
3.【答案】important
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文可知，苏想加入国家单板滑雪队，决定成为一名冬奥会运动员。为了他人生中最重要的决定，他需要变得更好。故填important。
4.【答案】role
【解析】考查名词。根据下文，《智取威虎山》是一部电影，苏翊鸣在这部电影中扮演一个角色之后赢得名声。故填role。
5.【答案】But
【解析】考查连词。句意：_____当北京赢得2022年冬季奥运会的申办权时，苏决定成为一名冬季运动运动员。上文提到苏因电影角色而走红，下文却说苏想转型成运动员，所以需填一个表转折的词，故填But。
6.【答案】who
【解析】考查关系代词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Su's idol指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
7.【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。句意：我知道我想要什么，我会为此努力。work hard for sth. 意为“为某事而努力”。
8.【答案】progress
【解析】考查名词。句意：我只是坚持下去，每天都在进步。make progress意为“进步”。
9.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：要重新加入国家队，苏必须在三个月内完成一个为期六个月的训练方案。six-month以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10. 【答案】last
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：他在全国单板滑雪锦标赛的优秀表现是他最终进入了中国国家队。at last意为“最终”。

Exercise 4
Known as the fastest Chinese man, Su Bingtian made history and brought an unforgettable moment for the world in the summer of 2021.
On Aug 1 of that year, Su set a new (1)_______ of 9.83 seconds in the Tokyo Olympics Men’s 100m semifinals (半决赛), making him the first Chinese runner to enter the final in the event.
For a long time, there was an idea that Asian people were not physically built to succeed (2)_______ sprinting (短跑). Su’s success (3)_______ this idea and inspired many people.
But the way to success was never easy for Su. (4)_______ of an injury, Su had to stop running for several years. He even planned to retire (退役) in 2017. But the call to challenge (5)_______ brought Su back to the track (跑道). To increase his strength, Su trained even (6)_______ than before.
He realized that finishing the semifinal in (7)_______ than 10 seconds would earn him the chance to enter the final competition. To encourage himself, Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds. He even made the (8)_______ his personal password for his phone and computer. (9)_______, his efforts paid off.
“I hope my performance today could serve as (10)_______ inspiration for younger athletes in their sporting careers.”
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】record
【解析】考查名词。句意：同年8月1日，苏炳添在东京奥运会男子100米半决赛中创造了9.83秒的新纪录，故填record。
2.【答案】in
【解析】考查介词或固定搭配。“succeed in doing sth.”意为“成功做某事”，故填in。
3.【答案】broke
【解析】考查动词。句意：苏的成功打破了这个想法，激励了很多人。故填broke。
4.【答案】Because
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：由于受伤，苏炳添不得不停止跑步数年。故填Because。
5.【答案】himself
【解析】考查代词。根据上下文可知，苏炳添在自我挑战。句意：但挑战自我的呼声将苏炳添带回了赛道。“challenge oneself”意为“挑战自我”。故填himself。
6.【答案】harder
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：为了增加他的力量，苏炳添比以前更努力地训练。根据“even”和“than”可知此处应填比较级。故填harder。
7.【答案】less
【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据下文“Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds”可知，他意识到，以不到10秒的时间完成半决赛将为他赢得进入决赛的机会。故填less。
8.【答案】number
【解析】考查名词。根据上下文可知，他甚至把这个数字作为他手机和电脑的个人密码。故填number。
9.【答案】Luckily / Fortunately
【解析】考查副词。根据下文“his efforts paid off（他的努力得到了回报）”可知，此空填Luckily / Fortunately。
10.【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我希望我今天的表现能对年轻运动员的运动生涯起到激励作用。此处“inspiration”意为“鼓舞人心的事物”属于可数名词，以元音音素开头，故填an。

Exercise 5
Yang Hongwei, 56, is an inheritor (传承人) of the Weifang kite-making technique (技艺). Born into a kite-making family, Yang often saw kites with bright (1)_______ and different shapes in her grandfather’s workshop.
“Every time I see these beautiful kites, my boredom and bad feelings go (2)_______,” said Yang.
Yang learned the technique (3)_______ her grandfather at the age of 16. After practicing the technique for 10 years, she started her own shop in 1992.
“Many places around the world have (4)_______ tradition of flying kites,” Yang said. “But I think the cultural context (背景) behind our kites is unique.”
On Yang’s kites, people can see not only common patterns (图案) like butterflies and swallows (燕子), but also some prints (5)_______ Chinese myths (神话), legends (传说) and history. For example, she once made a kite showing a phoenix (凤凰) that was lined (排列) with pictures of 50 famous women from Chinese history on (6)_______ side.
Yang said that each woman is different in look, clothes and makeup style. To create their portraits, she made lots of effort to check historical records and talking about details (细节) with professionals.
“It (7)_______ me a lot of time,” Yang said, “but when I explain the stories of the kites to non-Chinese people, I feel a great (8)_______ of achievement.”
In her free time, she travels to different (9)_______ including Germany, Australia, the United States and New Zealand to tell people stories of Chinese kites and the traditional ways they are made. “It is an important job of (10)_______, to spread our heritage around the world and on to the next generation,” she said.
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】colors / colours
【解析】考查名词。句意：杨红卫经常在爷爷的作坊里看到色彩鲜艳、形状各异的风筝。故填colors / colours。
2.【答案】away
【解析】考查副词。句意：每次我看到这些漂亮的风筝，我的无聊和不好的感觉就消失了。“go away”意为“离开；消失”。故填away
3.【答案】from
【解析】考查介词。句意：杨红卫16岁时向祖父学习了这项技艺。“learn...from”意为“向......学习”。故填from。
4.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：世界上许多地方都有放风筝的传统。“have a tradition of...”意为“有......的传统”，故填a。
5.【答案】telling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在杨家的风筝上，人们不仅可以看到蝴蝶、燕子等常见图案，还可以看到讲述中国神话、传说和历史的图案。此处tell不做句子的谓语，故填telling。
6.【答案】each
【解析】考查形容词。“on each side”意为“每一边；两边”，故填each。
7.【答案】took
【解析】考查动词。“It takes sb. time to do sth.”意为“做某事花某人...（时间）”。故填took。
8.【答案】sense
【解析】考查名词。“a great sense of achievement”意为“巨大的成就感”。故填sense。
9.【答案】countries
【解析】考查名词。根据下文“including Germany, Australia, the United States and New Zealand”可知，此处填countries。
10.【答案】mine
【解析】考查代词。句意：这是我的一项重要工作。此处考查名词的双重所有格用法，故填mine。

Exercise 6
March 16 is National Panda Day in the United States. This year, the Smithsonian’s National Zoo in Washington, DC, used the day to (1)______ the 50th anniversary of the first two giant pandas coming into its care. (2)______ celebration will last six months.
In 1972, then-US president Richard Nixon and his wife, Pat, made a historic (3)______ to China. On her second day in the country, Pat went to the Beijing Zoo to see pandas. At a dinner (4)______ they left China, Premier Zhou Enlai told Pat that China would present the US with two pandas, which surprised and delighted her.
The pandas, Ling Ling and Hsing Hsing, arrived at the National Zoo on April 16, 1972. They lived there for more than 20 years, before (5)______ away in the 1990s.
A new panda couple, Mei Xiang and Tian Tian, arrived at the zoo in 2000. They still live at the zoo with their cub (幼崽), Xiao Qi Ji (“Little Miracle”). The couple’s (6)______ three cubs, Tai Shan, Bao Bao and Bei Bei were returned to China.
“After 50 years, giant pandas remain an iconic (标志性的) species for our zoo,” said Brandie Smith, director of the national zoo. “More importantly, they show (7)______ great conservation (保护) outcomes can be achieved through great partnerships with our Chinese colleagues (同事).”
Usually, Smith and her coworkers visit their Chinese partners several times a year to share knowledge about pandas. Chinese experts also go to the US. During the pandemic, they have communicated (8)______ emails and video calls. Smith said it has been “as good as it always is” as they have had a good relationship for many years. She said she hopes the program will last at (9)______ 50 more years.
The pandas have been (10)______ by tens of millions of US people. Brooklyn, a 3-year-old girl, told China Daily that she wanted “more panda mommies and panda babies” to come to the zoo.  
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】celebrate
【解析】考查动词。根据上文的“National Panda Day”以及下文的“the 50th anniversary”“celebration”可知，此处填celebrate。
2.【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词。句意：庆祝活动将持续六个月。故填The。
3.【答案】visit
【解析】考查名词。句意：1972年，当时的美国总统理查德·尼克松和他的妻子帕特对中国进行了一次历史性的访问。故填visit。
4.【答案】before
【解析】考查连词。句意：在他们离开中国前的一次晚宴上。故填before。
5.【答案】passing
【解析】考查动词。句意：他们在那里生活了20多年，知道20世纪90年代去世。before在此为介词，“pass away”意为“去世”。故填passing。
6.【答案】other
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这对熊猫夫妇的其他三只幼崽。故填填other。
7.【答案】how
【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：更重要的是，它们表明，通过与我们的中国同事建立良好的伙伴关系，可以取得多么巨大的保护成果。“great”为形容词，故填how。
8.【答案】through
【解析】考查介词。句意：他们通过电子邮件和视频通话进行沟通。“through”指通过某人或某媒介（方式），以表示行为方式状语，后一般直接跟“人”，“物”，“方式”等。“by”一般表示着“通过某手段或方法”的意思，即“by doing sth.”。简言之，通过某方式，可以使用 “through + 名词”，或“by + V-ing”，两种方式。“emails and video calls”属于名词（短语），故此处填through。
9.【答案】least
【解析】考查副词。句意：她说，她希望这个项目至少能再持续50年。“at least”意为“至少”，故填least。
10.【答案】seen
【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：数以千万计的美国人看到了这些大熊猫。“by”为被动语态的标志词，结合空处前的be动词“been”可判断此处应填动词“see”的过去分词，表被动。故填seen。

Exercise 7
French playwright (剧作家) Moliere is considered the Shakespeare of French-speaking nations. This year is the 400th anniversary of his birth.
Moliere joined a troupe (剧团) of actors when he was just 23 years old. After traveling with (1)______ for 13 years, he began writing and (2)______ in his own plays.
Moliere wrote 31 plays. They come in a few different styles, but his satires (讽刺作品) are the most influential. This (3)______ his comedy “a serious business and a way to reflect on society”, according to Janata Weekly.
In Moliere’s time, the king and the church had final authority (权威). (4)______ in his plays, Moliere challenged the church and the nobility (贵族) through the power of laughter.  
For (5)______, his 1665 play Don Juan (6)______ the story of a playboy. But the playboy is also a freethinker who questions the church’s ideas.
Many common themes are also (7)______ in Moliere’s works, like marriage, sickness and death. “Moliere’s work is profound (深刻的) and borderless. It is not just for the French; it talks about humanity (人性), which is the (8)______ anywhere in the world,” French director Michel Didym told China Daily.
Moliere is also a master of language. In his plays, the language every character speaks is quite different in usage of words. “We find (9)______ the familiar prose (散文) and verse (韵文) in his works. The range is (10)______ wide that readers and audiences of all ages have found their happiness there,” noted Archyde website.   
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】them
【解析】考查代词。从上文“Moliere joined a troupe of actors”可知，他和这些演员巡演了13年。人称代词“them”指代前文所提到的“actors”，故填them。
2.【答案】acting
【解析】考查动词。句意：他开始创作并出演自己的戏剧。故填acting。
3.【答案】makes
【解析】考查动词。句意：这使得他的喜剧成为“一件严肃的事情，一种反思社会的方式”。故填makes。
4.【答案】But
【解析】考查连词。句意：在莫里哀的时代，国王和教会拥有最终的权威。但在他的戏剧中，莫里哀用笑声的力量挑战了教会和贵族。故填But。
5.【答案】example
【解析】考查名词。for example意为“例如”，下文用他的一部喜剧《唐·璜》举例说明了莫里哀讽刺教会和贵族的方式。故填example。
6.【答案】tells
【解析】考查动词。“tell the story of...”意为“讲述了一个关于......的故事”故填tells。
7.【答案】found
【解析】考查动词。句意：莫里哀的作品中也有许多共同的主题。此处为被动语态，结合下文“We find (9)______ the familiar prose (散文) and verse (韵文) in his works”可知，此处填find的过去分词。故填found。
8.【答案】same
【解析】考查形容词。句意：莫里哀的作品是深刻的、无国界的。它不仅仅是写给法国人的；它讲的是人性，这在世界任何地方都是一样的。“be the same”意为“是相同的”。故填same。
9.【答案】both
【解析】考查固定搭配。“both...and...”意为“...和...都”。句意：在他的作品中，我们既能找到熟悉的散文，也能找到诗词。故填both。
10.【答案】so
【解析】考查副词或固定搭配。“so...that...”意为“如此......以致......”。句意：（他的作品）内容如此广泛，各个年龄段的读者和观众都在那里找到了自己的快乐。故填so。

Exercise 8
How do people in London celebrate Chinese New Year?
For London’s Chinese community (and everyone else who loves a good party), Chinese New Year is a huge event. (1)_______ Chinese New Year, people make sure their houses are clean and tidy, buy new clothes and get a haircut to bring good (2)_______ for the new year. 
In central London, there are fireworks and performances with all (3)_______ of acts and special guests. Celebrations (4)_______ fashion shows and Chinese hip-hop acts, as well as traditional performances with Chinese acrobats (杂技). Chinatown is busy. The streets are decorated with lucky red lanterns and (5)_______ of craft (工艺品) and food stalls (货摊). If you’re thinking of (6)_______ in one of Chinatown’s excellent Chinese restaurants, however, book a table early, because you won’t find one on the night. 
For young Chinese people studying or working in the UK, video call is a good (7)_______ to join big family celebrations back home. Those missing home might also cook dumplings for friends in Britain or organize an evening of karaoke. The festivities (欢庆) are not as (8)_______ as back home, they say, where loud firecrackers (爆竹) are traditionally (9)_______ to frighten away a terrible monster called the Nian. But there is still plenty (10)_______ excitement, happiness and good feelings as people come together to enjoy the celebrations.    
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】Before
【解析】考查连词。根据中国新年的传统，在过年之前，人们进行大扫除，买新衣服和理发。故填Before。
2.【答案】luck
【解析】考查名词。根据习俗，理发是为了在新的一年能有好运，故填luck。
3.【答案】kinds
【解析】考查名词或固定搭配。all kinds of意为“各种各样的”。
4.【答案】include
【解析】考查动词。时装表演、中国嘻哈表演和中国杂技演员的传统表演等都属于庆祝活动。故填include。
5.【答案】full
【解析】考查形容词。句意：街道上挂满了幸运的红灯笼，到处都是手工艺和食品摊。(be) full of意为“充满”故填full。
6.【答案】eating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据下文的restaurants，可推断是在中餐厅吃饭，故填eating。
7.【答案】way
【解析】考查名词。根据上下文，远在他乡的学子可以通过视频电话加入家乡的新年庆祝活动中来，这不失为一种好方法。故填way。
8.【答案】noisy
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文，在英国的欢庆固然没有家乡的那么热闹，故填noisy。
9.【答案】used
【解析】考查动词。根据传统习俗，放鞭炮是为了吓跑了一个叫“年”的可怕怪物，故填used。
10.【答案】of
【解析】考查介词或固定搭配。plenty of意为“大量；许多”。故填of。

Exercise 9
With the start of a new year, I’ve been looking back at the changes I experienced last year. One thing I’ve noticed is that several of my friends moved away last year. (1)_______ back to their home countries or on to new lands, many have left Beijing for good (永远).
As an American living in China, I’ve (2)_______ to a lot of going-away parties. Living here, I’ve made friends from all over the world – British friends, African friends, and of course my Chinese friends who have come to Beijing from (3)_______ parts of the country. It’s been great to meet people from so many different countries and cultures.
But more often than not, these friends (4)_______ up leaving Beijing at one point or another. Many of my Chinese friends have moved (5)_______ to get master’s degrees (硕士学位) at foreign universities. Some of my European friends have moved back to their home countries to start new jobs or settle down. Everyone has their own (6)_______ to leave.
When friends leave, it tends to give us mixed feelings. On one hand, I’m happy for my friends who start a new chapter in life. But on (7)_______ other hand, it’s sad to see them go, not knowing (8)_______ I’ll be able to see them again.
Fortunately, it’s (9)_______ than ever these days to stay in touch. Most of my friends use WeChat. It’s not too hard to get a hold of them online. It’s nice to see how the next chapter of their lives is unfolding. And in a big city like Beijing, there are always new people to meet and new friends to (10)_______.     
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】Whether
【解析】考查连词。句意：无论是回到自己的国家，还是到新的地方，许多人都永远离开了北京。“whether...or...”意为“不管......还是......”，故填Whether。
2.【答案】been
【解析】考查系动词。句意：我参加过很多欢送会。根据时态判断，应为现在完成时，故填been。
3.【答案】other
【解析】考查代词。根据上下文可知作者也交了很多中国朋友，除了来自北京的朋友，还有中国其他地方的朋友。故填other。
4.【答案】end
【解析】考查动词。end up doing意为“以（做）......而告终”。根据上下文，往往这些朋友总会在某个时候离开北京。故填end。
5.【答案】abroad
【解析】考查副词。根据下文可知作者很多的中国朋友会到国外的大学去攻读硕士，故填abroad。
6.【答案】reason
【解析】考查名词。第三段主要说明了朋友离开的各种原因，每个人都有自己离开的原因。故填reason。
7.【答案】the
【解析】考查固定搭配或冠词。On (the) one hand...On the other hand...意为“一方面......另一方面......”。
8.【答案】when
【解析】考查疑问词。根据上下文，作者看到朋友离开很伤感，不知道什么时候才能在见面。宾语从句缺少时间状语，故填when。
9.【答案】easier
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：幸运的是，现在保持联系比以往任何时候都容易。根据下文可知，朋友间可以通过微信互相了解近况，很方便，很容易。故填easier。
10.【答案】make
【解析】考查动词。句意：在像北京这样的大城市，总有新的人要认识，新朋友要结交。故填make。

Exercise 10
Mike and Dave are walking through the woods one day when they find a big, deep hole. Mike takes a (1)______ at it and says, “Wow! That looks deep.”
“It sure does,” says Dave. “Let’s drop some pebbles (卵石) in there. We can count (2)______ we hear the pebbles hit the bottom.”
They throw some pebbles and wait. There’s no sound. Mike says, “Wow! That is really deep. Let’s throw some great big rocks down there. Those should (3)______ a noise.” So they pick (4)______ a few soccer-sized rocks and throw them into the hole. Again, they hear (5)______.
They look at each other (6)______ amazement. Mike sees a big log (木头). He gets an idea. “Help me carry that log,” he says. The (7)______ of them drag the heavy log over to the hole and drop it in. Still, no sound.
Suddenly, out of the woods, a goat shows up, running like the wind. It rushes toward the two men, and then right past them. Suddenly it leaps (跳跃) into the air and down the hole.
Mike and Dave look at each other. “What just (8)______?” asks Dave.
(9)______ Mike can answer, a farmer comes out of the woods. “Hey, have you guys seen my goat?”
Mike says, “You bet we did! (10)______ thing I ever saw. It came running like crazy and jumped into that hole!”
“Nah,” says the farmer. “That couldn’t have been my goat. My goat was chained (被链条拴住) to a big log.”
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】look
【解析】考查名词。“take a look” 意为“看一看”。
2.【答案】until
【解析】考查连词。句意：我们可以数到听到卵石落地的声音为止，故填until。
3.【答案】make
【解析】考查动词。“make a noise” 意为“发出响声”。
4.【答案】up
【解析】考查副词或固定搭配。句意：于是他们捡起一些足球大小的石头扔进洞里。“pick up” 意为“捡起”。故填pick。
5.【答案】nothing
【解析】考查代词。从上文“ There’s no sound. ”以及“Again”，可知“同样，他们什么也没听到。”。故填nothing。
6.【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意：他们惊讶地面面相觑。“in amazement” 意为“惊讶地”，故填in。
7.【答案】two
【解析】考查数词。句意：他们俩把沉重的木头拖到洞边，把它扔了进去。故填two。
8.【答案】happened
【解析】考查动词。句意：刚刚发生了什么事？“What happened?”意为“发生了什么事？”故填happened。
9.【答案】Before
【解析】考查连词。句意：迈克还没来得及回答，一个农民就从树林里出来了。故填Before。
11. 【答案】Craziest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。从上下文可知，山羊窜出来的速度非常快，且从“______ thing I ever saw”及下文“It came running like crazy”可知此处填crazy的最高级，空处在句首，故填Craziest。

Exercise 11
Since I was little, I have acted in shows and musicals. But I have never worked as a backstage crew member (幕后工作人员). This changed (1)______ I was invited to be the stage manager for my school’s performance of Mamma Mia this year.
Being on the production team is very different from being an actor. Stage managing is a role (2)______ needs good organizing skills. I was responsible (3)______ buying, building and handing out props (道具), setting them on the stage before every show and (4)______ them away afterward. The stage manager must have everything in order from (5)______ very first day of rehearsal (彩排) to the last show.
A typical day for me during a Mamma Mia rehearsal (6)______ with taking attendance. While the actors warm up onstage, I check all that are present and call anyone that isn’t. Later I am “on book”. This means I have the script (脚本) on me at all times and call out any (7)______ – incorrect movements, forgotten lines (台词), missing props and anything else that goes wrong. I also keep track of the clock – nobody wants to go home an hour late because the director forgot to call it a day!
The (8)______ time for a stage manager is “tech week”. It’s when music, lighting and other sound effects are added into the show. Not only do I still need to be “on book”, but (9)______ I must give cues (提示) to the lighting, sound, backstage crew and actors – all at once!
Although stage managers are invisible (看不见的) to the audience, their role is just as important as the (10)______ played onstage!
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】when
【解析】考查连词。句意：当我被邀请担任今年学校《妈妈咪呀》演出的剧务时，情况发生了变化。故填when。
2.【答案】that / which
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：剧务是一个需要良好组织能力的角色。role属于事物，故填that / which。
3.【答案】for
【解析】考查介词或固定搭配。“be responsible for”意为“对......负责”。
4.【答案】putting / moving
【解析】考查动词。句意：我负责购买、制作和分发道具，每次演出前把它们放在舞台上，并在演出后将它们收好。故填putting / moving。
5.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：从排练的第一天到最后一场演出，剧务必须把一切都安排妥当。“the very first day”强调“第一天”，故填the。
6.【答案】starts / begins
【解析】考查动词。句意：对我来说，在《妈妈咪呀》的排练中，典型的一天就是从点名开始的。故填starts / begins。
7.【答案】mistakes
【解析】考查名词。从下文的解释说明（incorrect, forgotten, missing, goes wrong等）可看出，空处填mistakes。句意：不正确的动作，忘记的台词，丢失的道具以及其他任何问题。
8.【答案】busiest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：剧务最忙的时候是“技术周”。根据下文的解释以及“all at once”可知填busiest。
9.【答案】also
【解析】考查固定搭配。“not only...but also...”意为“不仅......而且......”。
10.【答案】ones
【解析】考查代词。句意：虽然观众看不到剧务，但他们的作用与在舞台上表演的人一样重要。这里缺少一个代词，故填ones。

Exercise 12
Wearing uniforms, carrying all kinds of brushes and cleaning products, these professional cleaners are ready to take care of your home. But (1)______ of being stereotyped (刻板印象的) middle-aged women, they are all men in their twenties and thirties.
Called Qineco, this all-male cleaning team offers services in Jiaxing, Zhejiang. Wang Ziqian, 32, set it (2)______ in May 2021, when he saw a new possibility in the home-cleaning market while working in the home decoration business.
“There were no cleaning standards (标准) and professional whole-space cleaning services were (3)______ to find,” Wang said. “Cleaning is actually a (4)______ that requires much physical strength (体力), especially when moving furniture or reaching high places. So I thought young men might be more fit for it.”
After working as a cleaner (5)______ for some time, Wang designed a seven-day training program for his employees (雇员). They learn to use different cleaning tools and skills (6)______ removing stickers (贴纸), washing curtains and restoring (收纳) all kinds of things. They also have to pass a cleaning test (7)______ serving real customers.
Starting with five people last year, Qineco now has 17 employees and two branches (分店). Seeing more and more young men join the business, Wang plans to open five (8)______ branches and has hope for the future.
“I’m so happy to meet these young guys. They include college graduates and retired soldiers, but all take cleaning (9)______ a serious and great job,” Wang said. “Together, we are (10)______ stereotypes about home cleaning. Professionalism and diversification (多样化) are the future.”
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】instead
【解析】考查固定搭配。上文先描述清洁工工作的样子（穿着制服，携带各种刷子和清洁用品），随之通过“But”进行转折，指出这些清洁工不是人们刻板印象中的中年妇女，而是二十多岁和三十多岁的男子。“instead of”意为“而不是”，故填instead。
2.【答案】up
【解析】考查副词。“set up”意为“建立；开（店）”，故填up。
3.【答案】hard
【解析】考查形容词。句意：当时（清洁行业）没有清洁标准，专业的全空间清洁服务也很难找到。故填hard。
4.【答案】job
【解析】考查名词。句意：打扫卫生实际上是一项需要体力的工作。故填job。
5.【答案】himself
【解析】考查反身代词。句意：在自己做了一段时间的清洁工后，王（先生）为他的员工设计了一个为期七天的培训计划。himself在此做同位语，表示强调。故填himself。
6.【答案】like
【解析】考查介词。从下文的例子（清除贴纸，清洗窗帘和修复各种东西）可看出，这些都是清洁工们的技能。故填like。
7.【答案】before
【解析】考查连词。句意：在为真正的顾客服务之前，他们还必须通过清洁测试。故填before。
8.【答案】more
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：看到越来越多的年轻人加入到这一行，王先生计划再开五家分店，对未来充满希望。“数字+more”意为“再多.....（数量）”。故填more。
9.【答案】as
【解析】考查介词。句意：他们中有大学毕业生，也有退伍军人，但都把清洁工作当作一项严肃而伟大的工作。“take...as...”意为“把......当做”，故填as。
10.【答案】changing
【解析】考查动词。根据上下文可知，他们正在改变人们对家庭清洁的刻板印象。故填changing。

Exercise 13
Jacob was a driver sent to pick me up for a three-hour drive. I needed to go to inland Mexico, where I would be working.
As we were driving he started to tell me his story. He shared that (1)______ the pandemic he had had to change jobs. He was currently spending six days a week in a town with more work, away from his family.
He said the (2)______ of his hometown, “Nah Bok”. On his only day off, he rode three different buses for a total of five hours there and back so he could have time with his family.
My father worked away when I was young. Sometimes for weeks or months at (3)______ time. I remember us kids back then, waiting our turns to have just a (4)______ of minutes on the phone with him.
After two hours into our drive, when I saw a sign saying Nah Bok, I asked him if that was (5)______ his family lived. He said, “Yes, it is about 5 kilometers down the road.”
I said, “Why (6)______ we stop and say hello?” He looked at me like I was crazy or joking. I repeated it seriously. He obviously didn’t want to get in any trouble. He was hesitant (犹豫的). He asked if I was (7)______. I absolutely was. What was 30 minutes out of my day when this man had to spend five hours (8)______ home each time?
As we pulled over, his wife was chatting on the side of the road with her mother. They were excited to see him. All of their children came out and I got to hear a little bit about each of their lives.
Slow down and (9)______ to people’s stories. Take time when you can to give a gift to somebody else, (10)______ if it’s just your time.    
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】since
【解析】考查介词。根据“he had had to change jobs”可判断此处填过去完成时的时间标志词“since”。
2.【答案】name
【解析】考查名词。根据“Nah Bok”以及下文所讲的故事可知，司机告诉了作者他家乡的名字。“the name of”意为“......的名字”。故填name。
3.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。“at a time”意为“每次”。根据上文，作者的父亲在他小时候一直在外工作。有时一连几周或几个月。故填a。
4.【答案】couple
【解析】考查固定搭配。“a couple of”意为“几个；一对”。故填couple。
5.【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：我问他是不是他家住在那里。定语从句缺少状语，故填where。
6.【答案】don’t
【解析】考查固定搭配。句型“Why don’t you / we do sth?”表建议，故填don’t。
7.【答案】sure / serious
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文，作者提议中途停下来让司机去和家人问好，司机显然不想惹麻烦，很犹豫，像作者确认他是否确定或是认真的。故填sure / serious。
8.【答案】getting
【解析】考查动词。考查句型“spend time doing sth.”意为“花时间做某事”。句意：当这个人每次回家都要花5个小时的时候，我一天的30分钟又算得了什么?“get home”意为“到家，抵家”，强调的是已从外地回到了家里，而“go home”的意思是“回家”，强调的是计划要回家，但实际情况是还没有到家。故填getting。
9.【答案】listen
【解析】考查动词。“listen to”意为“听”。故填listen。
10.【答案】even
【解析】考查副词或固定搭配。“even if”意为“即使；尽管”。句意：当你可以的时候，抽出时间给别人送一份礼物，即使只是你的时间。故填even。

Exercise 14
I used to see a guy on my train to work every morning. He always sat alone, never (1)_______ to anyone and never listened to music.
About eight days ago, I noticed he was doing a video call with a friend and using sign language (手语). After he ended the call, he looked so (2)_______. I thought I should say something to comfort him or just ask (3)_______ he was okay, but we wouldn’t be able to understand each other. The (4)_______ thing I could do was put my hand on his shoulder and smile. I felt so helpless. It started eating away at me how alone and isolated (孤立的) he must feel.
(5)_______ then on, I started (6)_______ up a few hours a night after work learning American Sign Language from some videos I found online.
This morning, I said hello to him for the first time and asked him how he was by (7)_______ sign language. The shocked smile he had on his face made all the late (8)_______ and tired days worthwhile. Needless to say, it wasn’t much of (9)_______ big deal, but he nervously got his phone out, typed in a message and handed me the phone. It just said “thank you”.
It was the last encounter we had on the train and I haven’t met another person who uses sign language (10)_______. However, I really appreciate (感谢) how he helped me become a better person.    
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】spoke / talked
【解析】考查动词。从上文的“sit alone”以及从下文“using sign language”可知，这个人一个人做火车，没有跟任何人交谈。故填spoke / talked。
2.【答案】sad / unhappy
【解析】考查形容词。根据下文“I thought I should say something to comfort him or just ask (3)_______ he was okay”可知，他看起来很伤心或不开心，故填sad / unhappy。
3.【答案】if / whether
【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：我觉得我应该说些什么来安慰他，或者问问他是否还好。故填if / whether。
4.【答案】only
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文，我想安慰他，但是我不会手语，无法和他沟通，我唯一能做的就是把手放在他的肩膀上微笑。故填only。
5.【答案】From
【解析】考查介词。from then on意为“从那时起”，故填From。
6.【答案】staying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。从下文的“a few hours a night after work”可知，作者熬夜学习手语。start doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，stay up意为“熬夜”。故填staying。
7.【答案】using
【解析】考查动词。根据上文“I noticed he was doing a video call with a friend and using sign language”可知，此处填use，by是介词，故填using。
8.【答案】nights
【解析】考查名词。根据上可知作者熬夜学手语。当作者用手语和那个人打招呼时，他脸上露出震惊的微笑，这使作者觉得所有的熬夜和劳累的白天都变得值得了。故填nights。
9.【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：不用说，这没什么大不了的。a big deal意为“大事；了不起的事”。故填a。
10.【答案】since
【解析】考查副词。根据上下文可知，那是我们最后一次在火车上相遇，从那以后我再没有遇到过使用手语的人。本句是现在完成时，故填since。

Exercise 15
There is a famous Chinese dish called “Dongpo pork”. Does it have anything to do (1)_______ the great poet Su Dongpo?
Yes. Su Dongpo (Su Shi) was a poet (2)_______ lived during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). He was the (3)_______ to make this dish. (4)_______ he was a local official in Huangzhou, Hubei, he (5)_______ in love with cooking pork. In his article Ode to Pork (《猪肉颂》), Su described exactly (6)_______ to cook it. 
(7)_______ to folk stories, the dish became well-known when Su went to Hangzhou, Zhejiang to take office. One day, there was a terrible flood (洪水) and Su went out to help people. He worked very hard and everyone felt (8)_______ for him. They heard that he loved eating pork, so they gave him a lot of it. But Su Dongpo wanted to give it back.
He cooked the pork in (9)_______ own special way. Then he gave the dish to every family in the city and every worker on the street. Very soon the dish became (10)_______ in Hangzhou and got the name “Dongpo pork”.
(1)_____________ (2)______________ (3)______________ (4)______________ (5)________________
(6)_____________ (7)______________ (8)______________ (9)______________ (10)_______________
1.【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意：东坡肉和伟大的诗人苏东坡有关吗？have...to do with...意为“与...有关”，故填with。
2.【答案】who
【解析】考查关系代词。定语从句的先行词为a poet，指人，且从句缺乏主语，故填who。
3.【答案】first
【解析】考查序数词。根据上下文可知，苏东坡是第一个做东坡肉的人。空处前有定冠词，故填序数词first。
4.【答案】When
【解析】考查连词。句意：当他在湖北黄州担任地方官员时，他爱上了煮猪肉。故填When。
5.【答案】fell
【解析】考查动词。fall in love with...意为“爱上......”，根据上下文，时态为一般过去时，故填fell。
6.【答案】how
【解析】考查疑问词。句意：在他的诗文《猪肉颂》中，他详细地描述了如何煮猪肉。故填how。
7.【答案】According
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：根据民间传说......。according to意为“根据”，故填According。
8.【答案】thankful / grateful
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文，人们很感激他。be/feel thankful/grateful for意为“对......感激”，故填thankful / grateful。
9.【答案】his
【解析】考查代词。句意：苏东坡用自己特殊的方式煮肉。in one’s own way意为“用自己的方式”，故填his。
10.【答案】famous / well-known / popular
【解析】考查形容词。根据上下文，苏东坡把肉分给了每户人家以及街上的每个劳动者，这道菜由此获得了“东坡肉”的名称，且从第三段的 “the dish became well-known”可知，此处填famous / well-known符合语境。