02 句子种类-冲刺2022年中考英语重难考点精讲精练

这是一份02 句子种类-冲刺2022年中考英语重难考点精讲精练，共17页。PPT课件主要包含了英语句子，Summary，陈述句，祈使句，感叹句，Exercise等内容，欢迎下载使用。

英语句子按照用途可分为以下四类:
用于说明事实或说话人的看法.包括肯定结构和否定结构,在肯定结构中没有否定词,否定结构中在be动词/助动词/情态动词后+nt.常用缩略形式,句末用句号.但t…t结构是”太…以至于不能…”表否定意义.
疑问句(用于提出问题)
1.一般疑问句:是在句子中用提问的方式提供一些信息,用Yes/N回答的问句.结构是：be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+表语/实义动词原形+其它？2.特殊疑问句:是以特殊疑问词开始的,需要完整回答的疑问句.结构是：特殊疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+其它？3.选择疑问句:是指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的疑问句.前一部分是一个一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,后面加上r和供选择的另一个条件,要完整回答.结构是：一般疑问句/特殊疑问句+r+并列选择部分.4.附加疑问句:是由陈述句加简短附加问句构成,用以要求对方证实所述事实的问句.常用的是反义疑问句.其结构是：陈述句+,+简短的问句(主语用相应的代词)？
反义疑问句句子结构遵循两个原则：1.前肯定后 ，前否定后 .2.前be动词后 ,前情态动词后 ,前助动词后 ,前实义动词后 .反义疑问句的回答:根据事实回答.1.前肯后否结构回答:如果事实是就答Yes,不是就答N.Yes后必跟肯定回答,N后必跟否定回答.正常翻译.2.前否后肯结构回答:如果事实和陈述句部分的否定句一致时答N,译成是的.如果事实和陈述部分的否定句不一致时答Yes,译成不.Yes后必跟肯定回答,N后必跟否定回答.
1.祈使句是表示命令,叮嘱,号召,建议等的句子2.通常省略主语yu,所以其结构是：肯定祈使句:动词原形打头+其它.否定祈使句:Dn't+动词原形+其它.3.系动词be原形+形容词或介词短语,也是祈使句.祈使句句尾也可以用感叹号.
常用于表示说话人的强烈感情,如欢乐,兴奋,惊奇等.一般以what或hw打头.其结构是:1.Hw+adj.+主语+系动词+其它2.Hw+adv.+主语+谓语动词+其它3.Hw+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语动词+其它4.Hw+句子5.What+a/an+adj.+n单数+主语+谓语+其它6.What+adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其它7.What+adj.+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其它
一.把下列句子变成否定句
1.Tm is a math teacher.Tm isn’t a math was angry with Nelly yesterday.Lily wasn’t angry with Nelly is talking t his gd friend n the phne.Mike isn’t talking t his gd friend n the were watching Tv at eight last night.We weren’t watching Tv at eight last will be many rbts in the future.There wn’t be many rbts in the future.6.I wuld like a bwl f beef ndles.I wuldn’t like a bwl f beef ndles.
be动词作谓语,变否定句,其后直接+nt，缩写n’t
助动词辅助做谓语,变否定句,其后直接+nt，缩写n’t
7.I get t schl by bus.I dn’t get t schl by brther likes playing basketball.My brther desn’t like playing gt gd grades last term.Lily didn’t get gd grades last term.10.I have studied French fr three years.I haven’t studied French fr three had arrived by the time f last night.We hadn’t arrived by the time f last can play the pian very well.He can’t play the pian very well.
实义动词原形作谓语,变否定句,d+nt，缩写dn’t+动词原形
实义动词过去式作谓语,变否定句,did+nt，缩写didn’t+动词原形
实义动词三单作谓语,变否定句,des+nt，缩写desn’t+动词原形
情态动词辅助做谓语,变否定句,其后直接+nt
一般疑问句的变化就是将以上+nt的词 即可.
二：填空 提问内容,名称,职业,事物等用： 提问地点用： 提问时间用： 提问具体几点也可用： 就人提问用： 提问年龄用： 提问原因用： 提问数量可数用： 不可数用： 提问价格用：
二：填空 提问时间段/fr+时间段/长度用： 提问距离用： 提问身高用： 提问宽度： 就频率提问用： 就in+时间段提问用： 就归属提问用： 就方式,程度,天气提问用： 哪一个/些:
whse,belng t作谓语 时用wh
另外,what+n.可以做特殊疑问词,eg:what clr/fd/sprts/subject等等.
1.Her new skirt is purple.What clr is her new skirt?2.My favrite clr is red.What’s yur favrite clr?3.I went t the beach with my sister last weekend.What did yu d with yur sister last weekend?4.I went t the beach with my sister last weekend.Where did yu g with yur sister last weekend?5.I went t the beach with my sister last weekend.Wh/Whm did yu g t the beach with last weekend?6.I went t the beach with my sister last weekend.When did yu g t the beach with yur sister?
颜色用what clr提问
虽然也是颜色,但是是最喜欢颜色的内容用what 提问
做事,动词短语用what…d提问
人,作宾语用wh/whm提问
特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+be/助/情+主语+其它?
注意时态 保持一致
1.Her mther ges t wrk three times a week.Hw ften des her mther g t wrk?2.Tm is 1.98 meters tall.Hw tall is Tm?3.It takes me tw mnths t finish this bk.Hw lng des it take yu t finish this bk?4.This hat is Ms Li’s.Whse is this hat/Whse hat is this?5.My schl is tw kilmeters frm my hme.Hw far is yur schl frm yur hme?6.I like math because it is interesting.Why d yu like math?
频率提问用hw ften
身高用hw tall 提问,what’s the height f……?亦可.
时间段hw lng提问
划线部分提问三步:1.根据划线部分找特殊疑问词,2.谓语be/情态动词/助动词直接接在特殊疑问词后面,若谓语是实义动词原形/三单/过去式,分别把d/des/did接在特殊疑问词后面3.从头抄(已经写过的/划线 部分不抄)
1.你是一个老师还是一个学生？Are yu a teacher r a student?2.他喜欢玩篮球还是排球？Des he like playing basketball r vlleyball?3.吉姆,汤姆和亨利谁最高？Wh is the tallest,Tim,Tm r Henry?4.你什么时候回来,明天还是后天？When will yu return,tmrrw r the day after tmrrw?5.Mary是多么善良的姑娘呀！What a kind girl Mary is!/Hw kind a girl Mary is!6.他正学的多么认真呀！Hw carefully he is studying!
一般疑问句+r+并列成分
特殊疑问句+r连接的并列成分
1.Tm can plant flwers,____________？2.There will be a grup f vlunteers t cme here,______________？3.He hasn’t had dinner yet,______________?4.G and meet him,_________________？5.Dn’t fight with yur brther,__________？6.Let us g t the mvies,_________?7.Let’s g t the mvies,____________8.He used t be afraid f the dark,________________________?9.Tm never/seldm/hardly ever gets up late,_________?10.Yur sister is unhappy tday,___________?11.I dn’t think he is right,________?
will/wn’t yu
didn’t he/usedn’t he
包括说话的对方,所以用we
used t结构的反义疑问句
否定前缀按肯定算,前肯
类似的还有little,few,nthing,nbdy,neither,t…t等
符合否定前移的句子跟从句变
六.阅读题:Harbin is the capital f Heilngjiang Prvince with a ppulatin f 5.3 millin and cvering an area f 18,000 square kilmeters.It’s in the nrtheast f China.Harbin is famus fr its ice and snw.Sun Island is a great place t g and get away frm the heat.If yu cme t Harbin,the Snghua River,the Dragn Twer,Zhngyang Street and the St.Sphia Church(圣索菲亚大教堂)are all gd places t visit.Harbin isn’t rich but beautiful and ppulatin f Harbin is 53,000,000,isn’t it?N,it isn’ isn’t 18,000 square kilmeters in size,is it?Yes,it is knwn fr its ice and snw r rain?It is knwn fr its ice and yu feel t ht in yur hmetwn,where can yu cme?Sun isn’t a city which has many gd places t visit,is it?Yes,it is.
反义疑问句的陈述部分是肯定句,和事实不符,回答N.
反义疑问句的陈述部分是否定句,和事实不符,回答Yes,译为不.
选择疑问句,要用完整的回答.
反义疑问句的陈述部分是否定句,和事 实不符,回答Yes,译为不.