专题07+短填空文首字母+冲刺2022年中考英语热点题型考前押题(上海专用)

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A
Fruit, meat, milk and vegetables all cme frm farms. Farms are i____1____ because they prvide shps and supermarkets with fd. But have yu ever been t a farm and d yu knw what farmers d?
Every year, a grup called Linking Envirnment and Farming (LEAF) ____2____ Open Farm Sunday. On 9 June, abut 350 UK farms will be free fr visitrs t explre and enjy.
A____3____ may include farm walks, pnd dipping (using a net t take things ut f pnds t lk at them mre clsely), talks with farmers, tractr(拖拉机) rides and mini markets. Lts f farms sell their p____4____ in the markets, such as fruit, vegetables, meat and tasty hmemade cakes. Visitrs will als be able t get plenty f exercise and fresh air n a farm visit.
Open Farm Sunday was set up in 2006 and mre than tw millin students have enjyed the experiences s____5____ then. They have visited a farm with their schls and seen animals, machines and plants, as well as farmers ding their jbs. Farm trips shw hw the land has t be lked after, hw the weather affects crps and hw animals are cared fr. They’ve als gt the chance t help lk after and feed the animals.
Sme farms have an educatinal area that shws what farming used t be like. Visitrs can l____6____ abut traditinal methds, the histry f the farm and hw farming has changed as a business.
A____7____ wh is 10 r lder can jb Linking Envirnment and Farming and take part in Open Farm Sunday.
Fr mre details abut Open Farms Sunday, please visit farmsunday.rg/visit-a-farm.
【答案】
1．(i)mprtant
2．()rganizes
3．(A)ctivities
4．(p)rducts
5．(s)ince
6．(l)earn
7．(A)nyne
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一个“周日开放农场”的活动，目的是为了让人们更好地了解农场的运作，并从其中学习传统的方法，农场的历史等。
【解析】
1．
句意：农场很重要，因为它们为商店和超市提供食物。are后接形容词作表语，根据“because they prvide shps and supermarkets with fd”及首字母可知，农场为商店和超市提供食物，所以它们很重要，imprtant“重要的”，故填(i)mprtant。
2．
句意：每年，一个名为“LEAF”的团体都会组织“周日开放农场”。根据“Open Farm Sunday”及首字母可知，组织农场开放让参观者探索，rganize表示“组织”，根据“Every year”可知，句子是一般现在时，主语a grup是单数形式，动词用三单形式，故填()rganizes。
3．
句意：活动可能包括农场散步、池塘浸泡(用网把池塘里的东西拿出来更仔细地看)、与农民交谈、驾驶拖拉机和小市场。根据“may include farm walks, pnd dipping”及首字母可知，此处介绍在农场做的活动，activity“活动”，此处不止一个活动，应填名词的复数形式，故填(A)ctivities。
4．
句意：许多农场在市场上出售他们的产品，如水果、蔬菜、肉类和美味的自制蛋糕。根据“such as fruit, vegetables, meat and tasty hmemade cakes”及首字母可知，此处介绍出售的产品，prduct“产品”，不止一种产品，此空应填名词的复数形式，故填(p)rducts。
5．
句意：周日开放农场于2006年成立，自那时以来，已有200多万名学生享受了这种体验。根据“have enjyed the experiences … then”及首字母可知，此处用since then表示“自从那时以来”，句子用现在完成时，故填(s)ince。
6．
句意：参观者可以了解传统的方法，农场的历史，以及作为一门生意的农业是如何改变的。根据“Visitrs can… abut traditinal methds, the histry f the farm”及首字母可知，此处指参观农场的人可以学到的知识，learn abut“学习”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填(l)earn。
7．
句意：只要是10岁以上的人，都可以参加“环境与农业结合日”活动。此空缺少主语，根据“wh”以及首字母可知，此处指只要是10岁以上的任何人，anyne“任何人”，故填(A)nyne。
B
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with prper wrds.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）
Chinese Parenting has been a ht tpic ver the years. Parents cntrlled almst every aspect f a child’s life, frm learning a musical instrument t finding a life partner.
Nw Chinese vide game players can experience what it’s like t be a Chinese parent in a new vide game. On gaming platfrm Steam’s bestseller list, Chinese Parents has reached N. 2. It seems simpler and less cmpetitive than ther games. All peratins can be cmpleted with a s____8____ muse click.
The game starts ver with the new baby. The main task f the game is t help the child in the game get h____9____ grades t enter a better schl. It’s a huge challenge fr many Chinese parents. But players are als encuraged t give their e-kids spare time fr a____10____ such as basketball and vide gaming. These can help them relax and lead balanced lives.
The biggest attractin is perhaps its reflectin （反映）f r____11____ life in China. Fr example, the game shws the imprtance f “saving” and “giving”in Chinese culture. T be clear, kids shuld pretend t refuse New Year red envelpes frm thers.
Develpers f the game said many plts were based n their persnal e____12____. Li Jiaqing, a 25-year-ld graphic designer, tk the game fr a mirrr t her wn childhd. “Being a parent isn’t easy,” Li said. “I’ve cntrlled my kids’ stress levels c____13____ t prevent breakdwns.”
Play the game and walk a mile in yur parents’ shes. Perhaps yu can r____14____ what the designers wanted t vice—kids and parents shuld understand each ther. Hug yur parents and say thank yu t them when yu finish the game.
【答案】
8．(s)ingle##(s)imple
9．(h)igher
10．(a)ctivities
11．(r)eal
12．(e)xperiences
13．(c)arefully
14．(r)ealize
【导语】
本文讲述中国父母这一游戏的开发理念和游戏的具体设计，人们可以通过玩游戏明白孩子和父母应该相互理解。
【解析】
8．
句意：所有的操作只用单击一下鼠标就能完成。名词前用形容词修饰，根据“muse click”及首字母提示可知，句子表达“单击鼠标”，用形容词“single”作定语；或者表达“简单地点击鼠标”，用形容词“simple”作定语。故填(s)ingle/(s)imple。
9．
句意：游戏的主要任务是帮助游戏中的孩子取得更高的成绩，进入更好的学校。名词“grades”用形容词修饰。根据“The game starts ver with the new baby”及“ t enter a better schl”可知，句子表达比较级的含义，表示更高的等级。根据首字母提示可知用形容词比较级“higher”。故填(h)igher。
10．
句意：但玩家们也被鼓励给他们的电子儿童留出空余时间进行篮球和电子游戏等活动。介词“fr”后缺宾语，根据“such as basketball and vide gaming”及首字母提示可知表达“活动”，是复数概念，用复数名词“activities”。故填(a)ctivities。
11．
句意：最大的吸引力可能是它对中国真实生活的反映。名词“life”用形容词修饰。根据后文“T be clear, kids shuld pretend t refuse New Year red envelpes frm thers”可知表达真实的生活反应，根据首字母提示可知用形容词“real”作定语。故填(r)eal。
12．
句意：游戏的开发者说很多情节基于他们的个人经历。介词n后缺宾语，根据后文“tk the game fr a mirrr t her wn childhd”及首字母提示可知，句子表达基于他们自己的经历，根据“their”可知是复数概念，用名词复数形式“experiences”。故填(e)xperiences。
13．
句意：我小心翼翼地控制我的孩子的压力水平，防止他们崩溃。动词“cntrlled”用副词修饰。根据“Being a parent isn’t easy”及“t prevent breakdwns”可知句子表达小心地控制，根据首字母提示可知用副词“carefully”。故填(c)arefully。
14．
句意：可能你会意识到设计者想要说明的东西：孩子和父母应该相互理解。情态动词“can”后面用动词原形，根据“what the designers wanted t vice—kids and parents shuld understand each ther”可知句子表达意识到的事情，用动词“realize”。故填(r)ealize。
Fill in the blanks with prper wrds (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)。
C
On Dec 9, three Chinese astrnauts wh are wrking abard the Tiangng Space Statin, gave a lecture abve Earth and shwed millins f students their life there. They als did sme fun s____15____ experiments. Let’s take a lk at sme f them.
Use it r lse it
The human bdy grws with the pull f Earth’s gravity (重力). But in space, ur bnes and muscles dn’t need t s____16____ ur bdy’s weight. This will cause bne and muscle lss. It is said that astrnauts can lse up t 20 percent f their muscles after just a cuple f weeks. That is dangerus fr astrnauts because they will be t w____17____ t wrk.
Astrnauts have different ways t prevent this. During the lecture, Zhai intrduced a special unifrm Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”. It can keep their muscles strng.
Wang als shwed students hw she walked n a treadmill (跑步机) and rde a bicycle. Astrnauts usually e____18____ with these tls every day t keep their bdy strng.
Space water is different
During anther experiment, Wang made a water film (膜). Then she added mre water drps nt the film t make it a water ball. But this can n____19____ happen n Earth. Why?
We need t first u____20____ the surface tensin (表面张力) f water. Surface tensin is like a “skin” f water. The “skin” is there because water mlecules (分子) are drawn t each ther. One example n the Earth is that sme bugs (昆虫) can “walk n water”. Mst f the time, gravity is t strng and it breaks the “skin”. But with zer gravity in space, the “skin” stays much strnger and the water ball will nt b____21____.
Space water is different in many ther ways frm that n Earth. Fr example, water will nt flw dwnward if yu try t pur it int a cup. If astrnauts cry, the tears will nt fall dwn. They have t wipe them away!
【答案】
15．(s)cience##(s)cientific##(s)pace##(s)urprising##(s)pecial
16．(s)upprt
17．(w)eak
18．(e)xercise
19．(n)ever##(n)t
20．(u)nderstand
21．(b)reak##(b)urst
【分析】
本文是新闻通讯，短文介绍了三名在天宫空间站工作的中国宇航员，在地球上向数百万学生展示了一些有趣的科学实验。
【解析】
15．
句意：他们还做了一些有趣的科学实验。设空处修饰名词experiments，根据上文“On Dec 9, three Chinese astrnauts wh are wrking abard the Tiangng Space Statin, gave a lecture abve Earth and shwed millins f students their life there”和首字母提示，可知，可以是科学实验，也可以是太空实验，或者特别的实验，令人惊讶的实验；science“科学”/scientific“科学的”/space“太空”/surprising“令人惊讶的”/special“特别的”符合语境，故填(s)cience/(s)cientific/(s)pace/(s)urprising/(s)pecial。
16．
句意：但在太空中，我们的骨骼和肌肉不需要支撑我们的体重。but表转折，根据上文“The human bdy grws with the pull f Earth’s gravity”和首字母提示，可知是说在失重状态下骨骼和肌肉不需要支撑宇航员的体重，supprt“支撑”符合语境；nt need t d表示“不需要做某事”，是固定结构，故填(s)upprt。
17．
句意：这对宇航员来说很危险，因为他们太虚弱了，无法工作。t…t…表示“太……而不能”，t修饰形容词或副词，是固定结构；根据上文“It is said that astrnauts can lse up t 20 percent f their muscles after just a cuple f weeks”和首字母提示，可知宇航员失去20%的肌肉会导致身体虚弱，weak“虚弱的”符合语境，故填(w)eak。
18．
句意：宇航员通常每天用这些工具锻炼以保持身体强壮。本句缺谓语动词，根据下文“t keep their bdy strng”和首字母提示，可知是用这些工具锻炼，exercise“锻炼”符合语境；结合“every day”可知，本句陈述事实用一般现在时，Astrnauts是复数人称，动词需用原形。故填(e)xercise。
19．
句意：但这在地球上是不可能发生的。but表转折，根据上文“Then she added mre water drps nt the film t make it a water ball”和首字母提示，可知本句是否定意义，是说在地球上不可能发生这种事，never和nt都表否定，故填(n)ever##(n)t。
20．
句意：我们首先需要了解水的表面张力。根据题干“We need t first…the surface tensin f water”和首字母提示，可知是说要了解水的表面张力，understand“理解”符合语境；need t d“想要做某事”是固定结构，故填(u)nderstand。
21．
句意：但在太空中失重的情况下，“皮肤”会更坚固，水球也不会破裂。but表转折，根据上文“Mst f the time, gravity is t strng and it breaks the ‘skin’”和首字母提示，可知是说失重状态下水球不会破裂，break和burst都可表示“爆裂”，符合语境；助动词will后接原形动词，故填(b)reak##(b)urst。
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with prper wrds. （在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词, 首字母已给。）
D
While mst peple think the Chinese New Year’s celebratin ges n fr nly ne day, by c____22____ it is a fifteen-day celebratin, and sme f these days have their wn festivals. The mst imprtant f these is the Lantern Festival.
It’s nt really clear hw the Lantern Festival s____23____. What is knwn is that the festival is ver 2,000 years ld. In ne ld s____24____, an emperr rdered peple t light lanterns t hnr Buddha. Much later, peple began t carry arund red paper lanterns with riddles n them. In many cities, peple cme t____25____ in parks with their lanterns, and it is a game t walk arund and try t slve each ther’s riddles.
During the Tang Dynasty (618-907）, the festival became s imprtant that it went n fr three days. Everyne was allwed t jin in the fun, even single wmen culd get ut f the huse at night. Fr this r____26____, the festival became linked with dating and lve.
During the Lantern Festival, many peple eat tangyuan r yuanxia. In fact, eating yuanxia is s ppular that anther name fr the Lantern Festival is the Yuanxia Festival. Tangyuan and yuanxia are very s____27____, and sme peple even say they are the same fd. Bth are dumplings made f rice flur. Sme are sweet and sme are salty. These fds are mst ften eaten at hme with the family n the day f the Lantern Festival. Of curse, an imprtant part f the Lantern Festival is the lanterns t____28____. Sme cities try t have the largest, mst beautiful lanterns arund, f all different kinds f shapes and sizes. During this time f year, yu can see streets lined with lanterns and parks that are seas f lanterns, making everyne feel festive and happy.
【答案】
22．(c)ustm
23．(s)tarted
24．(s)try
25．(t)gether
26．(r)easn
27．(s)imilar
28．(t)hemselves
【分析】
本文介绍了中国的传统节日——元宵节。
【解析】
22．
句意：大多数人认为中国新年的庆祝仅持续一天，但按照惯例，这是一个为期十五天的庆祝活动。由语境可知，中国对于春节的庆祝为期15天，这是一个习俗。by custm意为“按照惯例，按照习俗”，故填(c)ustm。
23．
句意：人们并不清楚元宵节是如何开始的。结合下一句“What is knwn is that the festival is ver 2,000 years ld.”及本段内容可知，本段在讲述有关元宵节开始的传说，start意为“开始”，应使用一般过去时，故填(s)tarted。
24．
句意：在一个古老的故事里，一个皇帝命令人们点灯笼来拜佛。结合文中“an emperr rdered peple t light lanterns t hnr Buddha.”可知这是一个古老的传说故事，故填(s)try。
25．
句意：在许多城市，人们拿着灯笼相聚到公园。结合句意可知，此处表示人们拿着灯笼到公园中进行猜谜等游戏，cme tgether意为“一起来，相聚到一起”，故填(t)gether。
26．
句意：由于这个原因，这个节日和约会与爱联系到了一起。结合句意可知，元宵节之所以和约会与爱联系到一起是由于这个原因，“fr this reasn”表示“因此，由于这个缘故”，故填(r)easn。
27．
句意：汤圆和元宵是非常相似的。结合文中“sme peple even say they are the same fd.”可知正是由于汤圆和元宵很相似，所以人们才会认为它们是同一种食物。故填(s)imilar。
28．
句意：当然，灯节的一个重要部分是灯笼本身。此处强调lanterns，反身代词用于强调时常作主语或宾语的同位语，置于所强调的词后面。lanterns themselves表示灯笼本身，故填(t)hemselves。