Unit 3七年级英语上册语法精讲+课内知识拓展+课后精准练习（人教版）

这是一份Unit 3七年级英语上册语法精讲+课内知识拓展+课后精准练习（人教版），共8页。
人教版七年级上册Unit 3 Is this your pencil?  课后语法讲解，拓展及练习一、一般现在时句子结构及一般疑问句的句型转换在英语里，不同的时态有不同的句子结构。一般现在时，用于生活的常态，经常做的事，也可用于客观真理，例如，地球围着太阳转，这也是一种常态。句子结构：1.主语+动词原型+其他部分（主语是第一人称或者复数时使用）I play football every week.We often go to school by bike.Many people usually take a walk after dinner.2.主语+动词第三人称单数形式+其他部分（当主语是第三人称单数时使用）He always plays football.She likes singing.Tom sometimes goes home by bus.怎么判断主语是不是第三人称单数？人称分为第一人称，第二人称，第三人称，单数，复数I第一人称单数we第一人称复数you第二人称单数you第二人称复数he第三人称单数she第三人称单数it第三人称单数they第三人称复数可以看出，在人称代词里，he,she,it，就是第三人称单数。那么其他的主语怎么判断呢？只要不是“你”，“你们”，“我”，“我们”，又是单数的主语，全部是第三人称单数。例如：an apple,  a dog,  a door, Tom, Cindy, a day等等。在一般现在时里，当主语是第三人称单数形式的时候，动词要加s或者es.动词变化规则如下：(1).普通变化，直接加stake-takesbring-bringsmeet-meets(2).以s,x,sh.ch,o结尾的动词加esdress-dresseswatch-watcheswash-washesteach-teachesgo-goesdo-does(3).以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i 再加esstudy-studiescarry-carriestry-tries(4).以元音字母加y结尾的动词，直接加s（元音字母有五个： a, e, i, o, u）play-playsenjoy-enjoyssay-sayspay-pays(5).特殊变法am,is-arehave-has 3.主语+be动词+其他部分She is a doctor.He is a good boy.They are good friends.We are family.一般现在时经常会用到的时间状语：经常，时常,偶尔（按频率从高到低排序）：always, usually,often,sometimeseveryday, every week, every month, every weekend, every yearonce a week 一周一次once a month 一月一次once a year 一年一次twice a week/month/year 一周/月/年两次three times a week/month/year 一周/月/年三次four times a week/month/year 一周/月/年四次 专项训练：1.He _____dinner every day.A. eat   B.ate   C.eats   D. eating2.We often_____homework at night.A.do   B.does   C.doing   D.did3.The earth_____around the sun.A.running   B.runs   C.ran   D.run4.Everything _______everyday.A.change.   B.changing   C.changed   D.changes5.The little cat always_____high.A.jump   B.jumps   C.jumping   D.jumped 答案解析：1.C 主语he是第三人称单数。2.A 主语是we，第一人称复数，所以动词用原型。3.B 主语是earth，地球，第三人称单数。4.A 这句话的意思事每一天每一件事都会变化，每一个，是单数，第三人称。5.B 小猫是第三人称单数。 一般现在时的助动词是do,doesI第一人称dowe第一人称doyou第二人称doyou第二人称dohe第三人称doesshe第三人称doesit第三人称doesthey第三人称do其他人称，单数时使用does,复数时使用do。助动词就是帮助一个句子的动词，怎么帮助呢？我们来看这个句子：He usually plays basketball at school.把它变化一般疑问句，就需要在句子开头加上一个帮助它成为疑问句的词，也就是助动词。he 是第三人称单数，所以助动词用does。Does he usually play basketball at school?当句子中出现助动词do,does 的时候，就算主语是第三人称单数，动词也要用原型。我们再试一试Tom often does homework at home.Does Tom often do homework at home?怎么回答呢？Yes, he does./No, he does not.原型缩写形式do notdon’tdoes notdoesn’t 那么，如果是主语+be动词+其他部分的句子怎么改为一般疑问句？They are family.Are they family?Yes, they are./No, they are not.当句子中有be 动词的时候，改为一般疑问句，直接把be动词提到句子开头就行。原型缩写形式am not没有缩写形式，因为已经够简短了is notisn’tare notaren’t专项训练：请把以下句子改为一般疑问句，并且作出肯定，否定的回答。1.They like listening to the music._____________________________________________________________________2.He sometimes goes to school by bike._____________________________________________________________________3.She often draws pictures at home._____________________________________________________________________4.we usually buy food at the store._____________________________________________________________________5.Linda makes money by herself._____________________________________________________________________答案解析：1.Do they like listening to the music? Yes,they do. /No, they don’t.2.Does he sometimes go to school by bike? Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.3.Does she often draw pictures at home? Yes, she does./No ,she doesn’t.4.Do you usually buy food at the store? Yes,we do./ No, we don’t.5.Does Linda make money by herself? Yes,She does./No,She doesn’t.二、关于学习用品的英语铅笔pencil字典dictionary钢笔pen铅笔盒pencil-box毛笔Chinese brush笔袋pen bag圆珠笔ball-point pen练习册exercise book书包schoolbag课本textbook橡皮eraser参考书reference book直尺ruler试卷test paper修正带correction tape笔记本notebook 三、指示代词this,that,these,those的句型转换This is a pencil.这句话中，谓语动词是is,当句中有be动词的时候，改为一般疑问句，只需要把be动词提到句子开头。Is this a pencil? 这是完全符合语法规则的，当然也可以把this 改成that ,表示那个东西是什么。肯定回答：Yes, this is. /Yes, that is.否定回答：No,this isn’t./No, that isn’t.That is a tree.Is that a tree?Yes, that is./ No, that isn’t. These are books.Are these books? Those are dictionaries.Are those dictionaries.  专项训练：请把下列句子改为一般疑问句。1.This my schoolbag._____________________________________________________________________2.These are his notebooks._____________________________________________________________________3.That is his grandfather._____________________________________________________________________4.Those are our classmates._____________________________________________________________________答案解析：1.Is this your schoolbag?2.Are these his notebooks?3.Is that his grandfather?4.Are those our classmates?