还剩17页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
- 2021-2022学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版） 试卷 0 次下载
- 2021-2022学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版） 试卷 1 次下载
- 2021-2022学年下学期八年级英语第二次月考-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版） 试卷 0 次下载
- Unit 1 单元话题满分范文必背-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版） 试卷 0 次下载
- Unit 2 单元话题满分范文必背-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版） 试卷 0 次下载
2021-2022学年下学期八年级英语第一次月考-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）
展开
这是一份2021-2022学年下学期八年级英语第一次月考-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版），共20页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完型填空，阅读单选，补全对话7选5，用所给单词的正确形式填空，阅读回答问题，材料作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
八年级下册英语第一次月考
（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 选择题
一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
1．—What’s the matter with Judy?
—She has ________ cold.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．Maria _____________ watch TV, but now she _____________ listening to music.
A．used to；is used to B．is used to；used to
C．used to；used to D．is used to；is used to
3．I didn’t go to the party not________the weather, but _______I didn’t feel well.
A．because of; because B．because; because of
C．because; because D．because of; because of
4．The new kind of car is _____ dear, I don’t have _____ money.
A．too much; much too B．much too; too much
C．too much; too much D．much too; much too
5．—What’s ____ matter with you?
—I have _____ toothache.
A．a; the B．the; / C．/; a D．the; a
6．—When someone gets ________ trouble, I will help them.
—It’s kind of you.
A．of B．into C．by D．to
7．The old man lives ___________ ， but he doesn't feel ________ .
A．lonely； alone B．alone； lonely C．alone； alone D．lonely； lonely
8．Steven, we should ______ the bus at the next stop.
A．get up B．get off
C．get to D．get in
9．At times, parents find it difficult __________ with their teenage children.
A．talk B．talked C．talking D．to talk
10．—Mum, must I be a teacher like you when I grow up.
—No, you needn't. You can make your own ________.
A．difference B．discussion C．discovery D．decision
11．Jack needs ________ some water because the flowers need ________.
A．to take; to water B．taking; watering C．take; water D．to take; watering
12．We just need one of you for the game. you your brother can join us.
A．Both; and B．Either; or
C．Not only; but also D．Neither; nor
13．You'd better not hang out after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you.
A．by B．with C．without D．after
14．Smoking is bad for your health. You should ________.
A．give up it B．give up them C．give it up D．give them up
15．- I’m very worried about the coming exam.I am afraid I can't pass this time.
- ! I'm sure you' ll make it.
A．No problem B．That's right C．Cheer up D．Don't mention it
二、完型填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
Eight-year-old Christian McPhilamy from Melbourne, Florida, grew his blonde hair for over two years. Although some people laughed at him, ____16____ could stop him doing so. Why?
When Christian was six years old, he ____17____ a commercial (广告) for St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. In the commercial, some sick children lost their hair and people ____18____ wigs (假发) to them.
“I want to do that,” said Christian. The words surprised his mother. But she knew her son would hardly ____19____ his mind. With his mom’s OK, Christian began growing his hair.
However, as his hair grew ____20____ and thicker, some jokes started. Sometimes his classmates laughed at him. “You look like a ____21____ ,” they said. His mother used to hear “Your ‘daughter’ is so pretty” ____22____ she was out with Christian. Sometimes those words made Christian upset, but his mother always tried to ____23____ him up.
After two years, Christian reached his goal (目标) of giving away over 10 inches of hair. And the big haircut (理发) day ____24____ came. After Christian got a haircut, he mailed his hair to Children With Hair Loss.
He said it felt good to have short hair again and he believed ____25____ child would feel good, too, because of his hair. What a kind boy he was!
16．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something
17．A．saw B．accepted C．made D．became
18．A．gave out B．gave away C．tired out D．put away
19．A．train B．understand C．lose D．change
20．A．thinner B．shorter C．longer D．cleaner
21．A．girl B．boy C．teacher D．student
22．A．unless B．though C．before D．when
23．A．cheer B．give C．fix D．take
24．A．usually B．finally C．quickly D．nearly
25．A．any B．few C．another D．other
三、阅读单选(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
A
阅读以下信息，根据信息内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
News One
On December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India (印度德里). At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt.
News Two
In November 2019, fires spread (蔓延) across Lake Innes Nature Reserve (英斯湖自然保护区), once home to koalas. About 600 koalas died while they were running away from the fires. As a result, koalas in New South Wales, Australia may die out by 2050.
News Three
At about 6 pm on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan, Sichuan. 27 firemen (消防员) and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire. Thanks to these great men, the fire was controlled.
News Four
At about 7 pm on April 15, 2019, Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris (巴黎圣母院) caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 am on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out. The building was well protected during World War Ⅱ, but it was destroyed (破坏) in time of peace.
26． The workers of the factory in Delhi were ________ when the fire took place.
A．working B．sleeping C．having dinner D．having a break
27．Many ________ died during the fire in November 2019.
A．koalas B．firemen C．workers D．volunteers
28．________ people died in the Liangshan forest fire.
A．27 B．31 C．43 D．600
29．The Notre Dame Cathedral fire lasted for about ________ hours.
A．3 B．12 C．15 D．27
30．The four pieces of news are mainly about ________.
A．what happened after fires B．the importance of firemen
C．what caused fires D．fires in 2019
B
We’re now used to wearing masks in public during the COVID-19 outbreak. It’s reported that people use about 300 million masks and then throw away every day in China. Where do these used masks go? You might think that they just go in a garbage bin (垃圾桶). But that’s just the first stop on the masks’ journey.
After people throw the masks into bins, garbage trucks empty the bins and take them to landfills (垃圾场). Next, workers will dump (倾倒) the masks into garbage incinerators (焚化炉) and burn them. Burning masks might not seem to be very good for the environment. Won’t it cause pollution?
The answer is “no”, according to People’s Daily. That’s because most masks are made of non-woven fabrics (无纺布). It’s an environmentally-friendly material. It can break down easily. After burning, it turns into water and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). As long as landfills are properly disinfected (消毒良好的) and deal with their emissions (排放) correctly, burning the masks won’t cause pollution.
In fact, burning the masks can bring some benefits. The process of burning garbage can produce electricity. Burning one ton of garbage can generate more than 400 kilowatt hours (度) of electricity. Some people predict that there will be 162,000 tons of used masks in China this year. Burning all of them can generate 64 million kilowatt hours of electricity. This is enough to allow an electric car to drive 370 million kilometers, which is 9,250 times around the Earth’s equator (赤道).
What’s more, the slag (残渣) from burning masks can be used to make something else.
31．Where will our used masks end up?
A．People will bury them underground. B．People will turn them into fuel (燃料).
C．People will burn them in incinerators. D．People will throw them into the ocean.
32．Burning masks won’t cause pollution because ________ .
A．most masks are made of water and carbon dioxide
B．most mask materials are environmentally-friendly
C．the process of burning garbage is very clean
D．burning masks won’t cause any emissions
33．What are the benefits of burning masks?
a. It can make electricity.
b. It can help us save water.
c. The slag can be used to make something else.
d. It can reduce the pollution of the environment.
A．ab B．ac C．be D．bd
34．The underlined word “generate” in the 4th paragraph is closest in meaning to ________ .
A．produce B．burn C．turn D．use
35．The story is mainly about ________ .
A．how masks are produced B．common ways to deal with trash
C．how we should throw away used masks D．where our used masks end up
四、补全对话7选5(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
从A—G选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。有二项是多余的。
A: Mark, I want to have a class party. ____36____
B: Sure, Nelly, I can help you. So when shall we have the party?
A: ____37____
B: No, today is too early. If we have it today, half the class won’t come.
A: OK, let’s have it tomorrow then.
B: Hmm…____38____Students will leave early to study for the test. Why not have it on the weekend?
A: OK, let’s have it on Saturday afternoon. ____39____
B: No, I don’t think we should watch a video. Some students will be bored. Let’s play games.
A: OK, good idea. ____40____
B: Sure, I can do that. And can you make some food for us?
A: Yes, no problem.
A．We can all meet and watch a video.
B．Can you organize the party games?
C．There’s a match tomorrow.
D．Let’s have it today after class.
E．Will you help me?
F．What can I do?
G．There’s a test the day after tomorrow.
第二部分 课本知识应用
五、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
41．The young man gave ________(血) to save a middle school student.
42．Be careful about these ________(刀), Lisa.
43．Those great mountain ________(攀登者) come from America.
44．Where can we go for vacation? I can’t make the ________(决定).
45．He is sad because his grandfather is in danger of ________(死亡).
46．Look at the s_________ . It says NO SMOKING HERE.
47．We should help the blind, the deaf and other d_________people.
48．Our school plans to organize a basketball match to r_________money for the kids in the mountain village.
49．You can’t_________（想象） how I missed you all.
50．I received a_________（信） from my brother．
六、用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
51．How many ________(kilo) of salt do you need?
52．The man gave ________(blood) to save his sister.
53．Take these new ________(knife) to your brother, Lisa.
54．Bob and Dale both want to be great mountain ________(climb).
55．You can’t move the desk all by ________(your).
56．He keeps many_________(home) dogs and cats.
57．Along the street you can see a lot of traffic_________(notice).
58．He is the_________(own) of the large house.
59．This made a very bad _________(different ) to these little kids.
60．I pass the math exam! I have a strong _________(feel) of satisfaction.
七、阅读回答问题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
My name is Ann. I worked as a volunteer in 2013 because I wanted to do something to help others. I called some charity shops (慈善商店) to ask if they needed volunteers. Although I didn’t mind where I volunteered, I was glad that one of the Sue Ryder shops said yes. Sue Ryder was a charity very close to my heart because volunteers from Sue Ryder once cared for my dad in the hospital.
Volunteering in the shop helped me know what shop work was like and I was surprised to find how much I really enjoyed doing it. I also found how important the public (公众) were. Lots of people gave us things they didn’t need for the shops to sell. In this way Sue Ryder raised money to care for people with life-changing illness. I always left the charity shop late because I knew how important the work of Sue Ryder was.
Another thing I enjoyed about volunteering was talking with other volunteers in the shop. They were friendly and helpful. I really improved my teamwork skills by volunteering.
I worked in the shop from late April to early August. I learned many things from it and I’m sure they will be useful in the future.
根据短文内容回答问题
61．Why did Ann work as a volunteer?
_______________________________________
62．Who once got help from Sue Ryder in Ann’s family?
_________________________________________
63．Did Ann enjoy volunteering in the Sue Ryder charity shop?
__________________________________________
64．What did Ann think of other volunteers in the Sue Ryder charity shop?
_________________________________________________
65．How long did Ann work in the Sue Ryder charity shop?
________________________________________________
八、材料作文(本大题共15分)
66．在日常生活中，我们应学会帮助别人。假如你是Paul，准备和几个好朋友做一些志愿者活动。请你根据表格中的内容，用英语写一篇不少于80词的短文，描述你们的计划。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。可适当发挥，以使行文流畅、通顺。
姓名
计划
理由
Jack
看望医院里的孩子们
让他们高兴并尽快康复
Mike
看望敬老院里的老人
不让老人感到孤独
Susan
在社区做志愿者
给予残疾人更多的帮助
Paul
……
……
提示词：community社区In life, we need help when we have problems. At the same time, we should try to help others in need. My friends and I decide to do some volunteer work. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A
【解析】
句意：——你怎么了，朱迪？——她感冒了。
考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；the是定冠词，表特指；/表零冠词。have a cold表示“感冒”，是固定短语，故选A。
2．A
【解析】
句意：玛丽亚以前看电视，现在却习惯听音乐。考查动词短语。短语used to do sth.：过去常常做某事，从前做某事；be used to doing sth.：习惯于做某事。结合句意可知填used to；is used to；选A。
3．A
【解析】
句意：我没去聚会不是因为天气，而是因为我感觉不舒服。
because of 和because都表示原因，区别是前者后面接名词性短语，后者接从句。前文根据the weather可知用because of，后者根据I didn't feel well可知用because。故选A。
4．B
【解析】
句意：这种车太贵了，我没有太多钱。too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词。第一个空后的expensive是形容词，应该用much too修饰；第二个空后的money是不可数名词，故应用too much，选B。
5．D
【解析】
句意：-----你怎么了？-----我牙痛。考查冠词。what’t the matter with you?你怎么了？固定句型，have a toothache牙疼，固定短语，故选D。
【点睛】
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。
（一）不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是"一个"的意思，用在可数名词单数前，a用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前， an则用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。不定冠词可表示泛指，指某类事物中的一个，可表示“一个/只…”，也用于一些固定词组中。例如，He is a teacher.( 某类事物中的一个) an hour（一个…）have a rest（固定词组）。
（二）定冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。（2）指双方都知道的人或事物,例如：Open the door, please. （3）指上文提到的人或事物。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如：The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。（5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如：The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（6）乐器前用定冠词the，例如，play the guitar：弹吉他。（7）用在形容词前表示一类人，the +形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义，所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如：The old are sick.（8）用于一些固定短语中，如the Great Wall：长城；the United States of America：美国。
（三）零冠词的用法 ，就是不用冠词的情况。1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England, Mary。2) 不可数名词和复数名词表示泛指时，表示一类人或事物时，可不用冠词；They are teachers. 他们是教师。Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。3) 在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。4) 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词；如：have breakfast, play chess。5) 当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus, by train；6) 固定短语，如：go to hospital去医院看病；at home, in class, go to bed等。
6．B
【解析】
句意：——当有人遇到麻烦时，我会帮助他们。——你真好。
考查介词辨析和动词短语。of“……的，属于”；into“到……里面，进入”，get into“进入……”；by“通过，经过”，get by“通过”；to“到，向”，get to“到达”。gets into trouble“遇到麻烦，惹麻烦”，固定短语。故选B。
7．B
【解析】
句意：那个老人单独生活，但是他不感到孤独。
lonely 有浓厚的感情色调，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊时所发生的一种悲伤的和忧郁的感情，意思是“孤独”、“寂寞”，作形容词。alone只是陈述一个客观事实，意思是“独自一人”、“没有同伴或助手”，只用作表语。另外，alone 可用作副词，表示“独自地”、“单独地”。 第一句中表达的意思是“单独地”，作副词，修饰live；第二句作表语，表达“孤独，寂寞”，故选B。
8．B
【解析】
句意：Steven，我们应该在下一站下车。
get up 起床；get off下车；get to 到达；get in 当选，收割。根据句意和句中的“…the bus at the next stop”可知，这里是说在下一站下车。故选B。
9．D
【解析】
句意：有时，父母发现难以和他们十几岁的孩子交谈; find+it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth:发现做某事是…, (it作形式宾语,to do不定式作真正的宾语)。故选D。
10．D
【解析】
句意：——妈妈，当我长大后必须像你一样做一名老师吗？——不，你不必。你可以做你自己的决定。
考查名词辨析。difference区别；discussion讨论；discovery发现；decision决定。分析语境可知，此处在讨论长大后做什么，是对未来的决定，此处构成“make one’s own decision”短语，翻译为“做某人自己的决定”。故选D。
11．D
【解析】
句意：杰克需要带一些水，因为这些花需要浇水。
考查动词用法。take拿，取；water浇水；根据句中“needs”可知， need为实义动词，need to do sth.需要做某事，所以第一空使用动词不定式；need doing sth.某事需要被做，此处是花需要被浇水，所以第二空用watering。故选D。
12．B
【解析】
本题考查：连词短语的用法。选项分析：A. Both; and 表示两者都...... B. Either; or或者....或者....表两者之中的选择。C. Not only; but also 不但.....而且..... D. Neither; nor表示两者都不......综合分析前后文及答案选项，依据前面的We just need one of you for the game我们只需要你们中的一个来参加比赛。可知此处填Either; or最合适，完整句意为：We just need one of you for the game. Either you or your brother can join us.我们只需要你们中的一个来参加比赛。不是你就是你弟弟可以加入我们。正确答案为：B
13．C
【解析】
句意：在没有告知你父母的情况下，你最好不要放学以后闲逛，他们可能会担心你。
考查介词辨析。by通过；with有；without没有；after在……之后。根据题干中“They may worry about you.”讲到父母可能会担心你，由此推出要用一个表示否定含义的介词，表示“没有告知父母”，用without符合题意。故选C。
14．C
【解析】
句意：抽烟对你身体有害，你应该戒掉。
考查动词短语。give up放弃，是动词加副词构成的短语，其宾语是代词时，必须放在动词和副词中间；如果宾语是名词，既可以放中间也可以放在副词后面。smoking抽烟，看成单数形式，故选C。
15．C
【解析】
句意“-我非常担心接下来的考试，我怕这次不能通过。-振作起来，我相信你会成功的”。A.没问题，用于愉快地接受请求；B.没错，就是这样；C.振作起来，用于鼓励和鼓舞他人；D.不用谢，没关系，用于回答感谢和道歉。根据I’m very worried about the coming exam可知，表示用于鼓舞他人，故选C。
16．C
17．A
18．B
19．D
20．C
21．A
22．D
23．A
24．B
25．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讲了美国佛罗里达州的8岁男孩Christian McPhilamy留了两年金色长发，他希望用自己的头发做成假发捐给那些因病失去头发的孩子们。
16．
句意：虽然人们嘲笑他，但是没有什么能阻止他。
everything意为“一切东西”；anything意为“任何东西”；nothing意为“没有什么事”；something意为“某件事，有些事”。根据语境可知，他留了两年头发，即使有人嘲笑他，他仍这么做。由此可见，“没有什么”能阻止他。故选C。
17．
句意：当Christian六岁时，他看见了一则St. Jude 儿童医院的广告。
see意为“看见”；accept意为“接受”；make意为“制作”；become意为“变成”。由下文可知此处指他“看见”了一则广告。故选A。
18．
句意：在这则广告中，一些生病的孩子失去了他们的头发，并且人们为他们捐赠假发。
gave out意为“分发”；gave away意为“捐赠”；tired out意为“精疲力尽”；put away意为“收好”。由 “I want to do that...”以及下文描述他的做法可知此处表示人们给他们“捐赠”假发。give away意为“捐赠”，符合语境。故选B。
19．
句意：但是她知道，他的儿子很难改变主意。
train意为“训练”；understand意为“理解”；lose意为“失去”；change意为“改变“。根据语境可知，此处表示他妈妈知道她的儿子很难“改变”主意。change one’s mind意为“改变某人主意”。故选D。
20．
句意：然而，随着他的头发变长变厚，一些玩笑话就开始(出现)了。
thinner意为“更瘦”；shorter意为“更短”；longer意为“更长”；cleaner意为“更干净”。由上文的“Christian began growing his hair”可知，他开始留头发，由此可推知不久他的头发开始变长。故选C。
21．
句意：你看起来像一个女孩。
girl意为“女孩”；boy意为“男孩”；teacher意为“老师”；student意为“学生”。根据常识可知，男孩留长发，看起来像“女孩”。故选A。
22．
句意：过去当她和Christian一起出去时，她总是听到“你的女儿真漂亮”。
unless意为“除非”；though意为“尽管”；before意为“在……之前”；when“当……时”。所填词引导的句子表示时间，由此可排除A、B两项；before意为“在……前”，不符合句意，应排除。when意为“当……时”，符合语境。故选D。
23．
句意：有时候那些话会让Christian感到沮丧，但是他的妈妈总是尽力去让他高兴起来。
cheer意为“使高兴”；give意为“给”；fix意为“修理”；take意为“带，乘坐”。由句中的“upset”及转折连词“but”可判断，“cheer（使高兴）”符合语境。故选A。
24．
句意：可以理发的日子终于到了。
usually意为“通常”；finally意为“终于”；quickly意为“快地”；nearly意为“几乎”。根据语境可知，经过两年的等待，他的头发长到了10厘米，可以理发的日子“终于”到了。故选B。
25．
句意：由于他捐赠的头发，另一个孩子也会因为他的头发而感到很开心。
any意为“任何”；few意为“少量”；another意为“另一个”；other意为“其他的”。根据语境，小男孩把他的头发捐给了另一个小朋友，故此处表示“另一个孩子”也会开心，故选C。
26．B
27．A
28．B
29．C
30．D
【解析】
本文是新闻报道，介绍了四则新闻，均是介绍发生在2019年的火灾。
26．
细节理解题。根据“At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt.”可知，至少43名工人在睡觉时死亡，超过50人受伤。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据“In November 2019...About 600 koalas died while they were running away from the fires.”可知，大约600只考拉于2019年11月死于火灾。故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“27 firemen and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire.”可知，27名消防员和4名助手在这场森林大火中丧生。故选B。
29．
细节理解题。根据“At about 7 pm on April 15, 2019, Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 am on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out.”可知，2019年4月15日晚7时许，巴黎圣母院发生火灾，2019年4月16日上午10时许，大火被扑灭。所以这场火灾持续了15个小时，故选C。
30．
主旨大意题。分析四则新闻可知，都是介绍发生在2019年的火灾，故选D。
31．C
32．B
33．B
34．A
35．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了废弃口罩的处理方法。
31．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Next, workers will dump (倾倒) the masks into garbage incinerators (焚化炉) and burn them”可知，工人们把用过的口罩倒进垃圾焚化炉进行梵烧，故选C。
32．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“That’s because most masks are made of non-woven fabrics (无纺布). It’s an environmentally-friendly material”可推知，制作口罩的材料很环保，因此不会污染环境，故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The process of burning garbage can produce electricity”可知，燃烧垃圾的过程可以发电，即a；最后一段中的“the slag (残渣) from burning masks can be used to make something else”可知，燃烧口罩的残渣可以被用来做一些其他的事情，即c，故选B。
34．
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“Burning one ton of garbage can generate more than 400 kilowatt hours (度) of electricity”可知，燃烧一吨垃圾可以……超过400千瓦时的电力，推知“generate”是“产生”的意思，produce意为“产生，生成”，故选A。
35．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了废弃口罩的处理方法，故选D。
36．E
37．D
38．G
39．A
40．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是Mark和Nelly之间的对话。Nelly想举办班级聚会，请求Mark的帮助，Mark给出很多建议。
36．
根据下句“Sure, Nelly, I can help you.”可知答语为肯定回答，可知对方愿意帮忙，可推测出上句是询问对方是否可以帮忙，选项E“你能帮我吗?”符合，故选E。
37．
根据下文“No, today is too early.”可知今天不行，可推测出上句是说今天举办聚会，选项D“我们今天课后举办吧。”符合，故选D。
38．
根据后句“Students will leave early to study for the test.”可知学生们明天会为了备考而很早离开，可推测出后天有考试，选项G“后天有一场考试。”符合，故选G。
39．
根据下文“No, I don’t think we should watch a video.”可知对方不同意看录像，可推测出上句建议大家看录像。选项A“我们可以一起看录像。”符合，故选A。
40．
根据下句“Sure, I can do that.”可知答语为肯定回答，“我”可以那样做，可推测出上句是询问对方可以组织聚会游戏，选项B“你可以组织聚会游戏吗？”符合，故选B。
41．blood
42．knives
43．climbers
44．decision
45．death
【解析】
41．句意：那个年轻人献血来救一名中学生。血液：blood，它是不可数名词，故填原形。因此答案为：blood。
42．句意：小心这些刀，丽莎。空前有these（这些）修饰，故此处名词用复数。刀：knife，其复数形式是knives。因此答案为：knives。
43．句意：那些伟大的登山者来自美国。空前有those修饰，所以此处名词用复数。climber：攀登者，其复数形式为climbers。因此答案为：climbers。
44．句意：我们去哪里度假？我不能做决定。此处考查固定短语make a decision：做决定。空前用the，表特指。故答案填：decision。
45．句意：他很伤心，因为他的祖父有死亡的危险。句中in danger of：处于……的危险之中，of后跟名词或动名词，death：死亡，时名词。故答案填：death。
46．sign
47．disabled
48．raise
49．imagine
50．letter
【解析】
46．句意“看这个指示牌，上面写着“不要在这里吸烟””。根据句意可知，表示“指示牌上写着”。sign指示牌，故填sign。
47．句意“我们应该帮助盲人和聋人以及其他的残疾人”。disabled people残疾人，故填disabled。
48．句意“我们学校计划组织篮球赛来为山区里的孩子筹钱”。raise money筹钱，且根据空前to可知，用动词原形，故填raise。
49．句意“你无法想象我是多么地思念你”。imagine想象，且根据空前can’t可知，用原形，故填imagine。
50．句意“我收到了我弟弟的来信”。letter信，且根据空前a可知，用单数，故填letter。
51．kilos
52．blood
53．knives
54．climbers
55．yourself / yourselves
【解析】
51．句意：你需要多少千克的盐？
kilo千克，是一个名词。句中How many意为“多少”，提问数量，修饰可数名词复数。因此这里应填名词复数形式。故答案为kilos。
52．句意：这个男人献血救他的妹妹。
blood血，血液，是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式，因此这里直接用原形。故答案为blood。
53．句意：Lisa，把这些新的小刀给你的哥哥。
knife小刀，是一个名词。空前these表示“这些”，修饰名词复数形式，knife的复数应将fe变为v，加es。故答案为knives。
54．句意：Bob和Dale两人都想要成为伟大的登山者。
climb爬，攀登，是一个动词。根据句意可知，这里应填指人的名词climber，意为“登山者”。句中提到了两个人，因此名词用复数形式。故答案为climbers。
55．句意：你（们）自己搬不动这个桌子。
your你的，是形容词性物主代词。根据句意可知，这句话表示“单独，独自”，考查了短语by oneself，这里应用反身代词。主语you意为“你，你们”，两个意思，“你自己”应该是yourself；“你们自己”应用复数的形式yourselves。故答案为yourself/yourselves。
【点睛】
这个题目是用所给单词的适当形式填空，考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时，应根据句意、所给单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型等，变化单词的形式。常考查的知识点包括：名词单复数、名词所有格；动词时态、主谓一致、非谓语动词；形容词和副词；代词；数词等等。这个题目中涉及了名词复数和代词的用法。第1小题、第3小题和第4小题都考查的是名词复数，注意名词复数的变化规则，如kilo是在词尾直接加s；而knife变复数时，应注意先将f变为v，再加s。另外第4小题还涉及了词性转换的问题，climb是动词，首先根据句意应将其变为名词climber，然后再变复数。
56．homeless
57．notices
58．owner
59．difference
60．feeling
【解析】
56．句意“他养了许多无家可归的狗和猫”。空处修饰修饰dogs and cats，空处用形容词。且根据句意可知，表示“无家可归的”，故填homeless。
57．句意“沿着街道你能看到许多交通通知”。traffic notice交通通知。且根据空前a lot of可知，用复数，故填notices。
58．句意“他是这个大房子的主人”。根据空前the以及空后of可知，空处用名词。owner主人，且根据he可知，用单数，故填owner。
59．句意“这个对小孩子有非常坏的影响”。根据make a difference to“对……有影响”可知，故填difference。
60．句意“我通过了数学考试，我有强烈的满足感”。空前有形容词strong，空处用名词。feeling感觉，且指“满足感”，用单数，故填feeling。
【点睛】
考生在做此类题时，首先理解句子或者对话的意思。其次分析括号中单词的词性，联想该单词的常见变形。然后分析句子成分，找出括号中单词在句子中做的成分。最后将所给单词的适当形式填入相应的空格中，再读题，检查句子是否完整，表达是否准确无误。
（1）若括号中给出动词，空格在形容词之后，则此处填名词；若空格在动词之后，要根据空格前的动词选择相应的固定搭配，填出正确的非谓语形式。
（2）若括号中给出名词，空格设在名词前，则需要形容词形式；若空格设在many, two, a number of等表示复数概念的词后，要将名词变为复数。
（3）若括号中给出形容词，空格设在动词后，要用副词形式；空格设在than之前much之后，或者句中有of the two等比较等级的提示词，用形容词比较级；空设在one of之后，或者句中有in或among等最高级的提示词，用形容词最高级。
（4）若括号中给出基数词，一般是将基数词变成序数词，要注意对于one或two翻译成“一次”或“两次”时要填once或twice。
（5）若括号中给出代词，空设在动词后，用宾格形式；空设在名词前，用形容词性物主代词；空设在by之后或者其他反身代词的固定用法时，用反身代词。
61．Because she wanted to do something to help others.
62．Her dad.
63．Yes, she did.
64．Friendly and helpful.
65．More than three months.
【解析】
【分析】
作者经常做志愿者帮助别人，作者的爸爸曾经得到了Sue Ryder的帮助，作者喜欢在商店里和其他志愿者交谈，他们很友好，乐于助人，提高了团队合作能力。
61．根据文中I worked as a volunteer in 2013 because I wanted to do something to help others.可知，因为她想做一些事情来帮助别人。故填：Because she wanted to do something to help others.
62．根据文中Sue Ryder was a charity very close to my heart because volunteers from Sue Ryder once cared for my dad in the hospital. 可知，是作者的父亲。根据题意，故填：Her dad。
63．根据文中Volunteering in the shop helped me know what shop work was like and I was surprised to find how much I really enjoyed doing it可知，这个说法是正确的，故填：Yes, she did.
64．根据文中Another thing I enjoyed about volunteering was talking with other volunteers in the shop. They were friendly and helpful.可知，他们是友好和有帮助的。故填：Friendly and helpful.
65．根据文中I worked in the shop from late April to early August.可知，是三个多月。根据题意，故填：More than three months.
66．例文
In life, we need help when we have problems. At the same time, we should try to help others in need. My friends and I decide to do some volunteer work.
Jack wants to visit sick kids in hospital to cheer them up and make them get better soon. Mike plans to visit the old people in the old people’s home. He wants to help them do something useful and make them not feel lonely. Susan will volunteer in a community. She hopes to give disabled people more help. As for me, I decide to help give out food at a food bank because I know there are many poor people. They don’t have enough food and they are always hungry.
In fact, helping others is helping ourselves. Let’s take action to help others.
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作，内容是根据表格中的内容，用英语写一篇不少于80词的短文，描述你们做一些志愿者活动的计划；书写时应承接短文开头。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第三人称来叙述作文内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；以一般将来时为辅；第一段承接短文内容；第二段具体介绍此次志愿者活动的计划和理由；最后是自己的感想。
八年级下册英语第一次月考
（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）
第一部分 选择题
一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
1．—What’s the matter with Judy?
—She has ________ cold.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．Maria _____________ watch TV, but now she _____________ listening to music.
A．used to；is used to B．is used to；used to
C．used to；used to D．is used to；is used to
3．I didn’t go to the party not________the weather, but _______I didn’t feel well.
A．because of; because B．because; because of
C．because; because D．because of; because of
4．The new kind of car is _____ dear, I don’t have _____ money.
A．too much; much too B．much too; too much
C．too much; too much D．much too; much too
5．—What’s ____ matter with you?
—I have _____ toothache.
A．a; the B．the; / C．/; a D．the; a
6．—When someone gets ________ trouble, I will help them.
—It’s kind of you.
A．of B．into C．by D．to
7．The old man lives ___________ ， but he doesn't feel ________ .
A．lonely； alone B．alone； lonely C．alone； alone D．lonely； lonely
8．Steven, we should ______ the bus at the next stop.
A．get up B．get off
C．get to D．get in
9．At times, parents find it difficult __________ with their teenage children.
A．talk B．talked C．talking D．to talk
10．—Mum, must I be a teacher like you when I grow up.
—No, you needn't. You can make your own ________.
A．difference B．discussion C．discovery D．decision
11．Jack needs ________ some water because the flowers need ________.
A．to take; to water B．taking; watering C．take; water D．to take; watering
12．We just need one of you for the game. you your brother can join us.
A．Both; and B．Either; or
C．Not only; but also D．Neither; nor
13．You'd better not hang out after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you.
A．by B．with C．without D．after
14．Smoking is bad for your health. You should ________.
A．give up it B．give up them C．give it up D．give them up
15．- I’m very worried about the coming exam.I am afraid I can't pass this time.
- ! I'm sure you' ll make it.
A．No problem B．That's right C．Cheer up D．Don't mention it
二、完型填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
Eight-year-old Christian McPhilamy from Melbourne, Florida, grew his blonde hair for over two years. Although some people laughed at him, ____16____ could stop him doing so. Why?
When Christian was six years old, he ____17____ a commercial (广告) for St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. In the commercial, some sick children lost their hair and people ____18____ wigs (假发) to them.
“I want to do that,” said Christian. The words surprised his mother. But she knew her son would hardly ____19____ his mind. With his mom’s OK, Christian began growing his hair.
However, as his hair grew ____20____ and thicker, some jokes started. Sometimes his classmates laughed at him. “You look like a ____21____ ,” they said. His mother used to hear “Your ‘daughter’ is so pretty” ____22____ she was out with Christian. Sometimes those words made Christian upset, but his mother always tried to ____23____ him up.
After two years, Christian reached his goal (目标) of giving away over 10 inches of hair. And the big haircut (理发) day ____24____ came. After Christian got a haircut, he mailed his hair to Children With Hair Loss.
He said it felt good to have short hair again and he believed ____25____ child would feel good, too, because of his hair. What a kind boy he was!
16．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something
17．A．saw B．accepted C．made D．became
18．A．gave out B．gave away C．tired out D．put away
19．A．train B．understand C．lose D．change
20．A．thinner B．shorter C．longer D．cleaner
21．A．girl B．boy C．teacher D．student
22．A．unless B．though C．before D．when
23．A．cheer B．give C．fix D．take
24．A．usually B．finally C．quickly D．nearly
25．A．any B．few C．another D．other
三、阅读单选(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
A
阅读以下信息，根据信息内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
News One
On December 8, 2019, a fire broke out at a factory building in Anaj Mandi area of Delhi, India (印度德里). At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt.
News Two
In November 2019, fires spread (蔓延) across Lake Innes Nature Reserve (英斯湖自然保护区), once home to koalas. About 600 koalas died while they were running away from the fires. As a result, koalas in New South Wales, Australia may die out by 2050.
News Three
At about 6 pm on March 30, 2019, a forest fire broke out in Liangshan, Sichuan. 27 firemen (消防员) and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire. Thanks to these great men, the fire was controlled.
News Four
At about 7 pm on April 15, 2019, Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris (巴黎圣母院) caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 am on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out. The building was well protected during World War Ⅱ, but it was destroyed (破坏) in time of peace.
26． The workers of the factory in Delhi were ________ when the fire took place.
A．working B．sleeping C．having dinner D．having a break
27．Many ________ died during the fire in November 2019.
A．koalas B．firemen C．workers D．volunteers
28．________ people died in the Liangshan forest fire.
A．27 B．31 C．43 D．600
29．The Notre Dame Cathedral fire lasted for about ________ hours.
A．3 B．12 C．15 D．27
30．The four pieces of news are mainly about ________.
A．what happened after fires B．the importance of firemen
C．what caused fires D．fires in 2019
B
We’re now used to wearing masks in public during the COVID-19 outbreak. It’s reported that people use about 300 million masks and then throw away every day in China. Where do these used masks go? You might think that they just go in a garbage bin (垃圾桶). But that’s just the first stop on the masks’ journey.
After people throw the masks into bins, garbage trucks empty the bins and take them to landfills (垃圾场). Next, workers will dump (倾倒) the masks into garbage incinerators (焚化炉) and burn them. Burning masks might not seem to be very good for the environment. Won’t it cause pollution?
The answer is “no”, according to People’s Daily. That’s because most masks are made of non-woven fabrics (无纺布). It’s an environmentally-friendly material. It can break down easily. After burning, it turns into water and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). As long as landfills are properly disinfected (消毒良好的) and deal with their emissions (排放) correctly, burning the masks won’t cause pollution.
In fact, burning the masks can bring some benefits. The process of burning garbage can produce electricity. Burning one ton of garbage can generate more than 400 kilowatt hours (度) of electricity. Some people predict that there will be 162,000 tons of used masks in China this year. Burning all of them can generate 64 million kilowatt hours of electricity. This is enough to allow an electric car to drive 370 million kilometers, which is 9,250 times around the Earth’s equator (赤道).
What’s more, the slag (残渣) from burning masks can be used to make something else.
31．Where will our used masks end up?
A．People will bury them underground. B．People will turn them into fuel (燃料).
C．People will burn them in incinerators. D．People will throw them into the ocean.
32．Burning masks won’t cause pollution because ________ .
A．most masks are made of water and carbon dioxide
B．most mask materials are environmentally-friendly
C．the process of burning garbage is very clean
D．burning masks won’t cause any emissions
33．What are the benefits of burning masks?
a. It can make electricity.
b. It can help us save water.
c. The slag can be used to make something else.
d. It can reduce the pollution of the environment.
A．ab B．ac C．be D．bd
34．The underlined word “generate” in the 4th paragraph is closest in meaning to ________ .
A．produce B．burn C．turn D．use
35．The story is mainly about ________ .
A．how masks are produced B．common ways to deal with trash
C．how we should throw away used masks D．where our used masks end up
四、补全对话7选5(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
从A—G选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。有二项是多余的。
A: Mark, I want to have a class party. ____36____
B: Sure, Nelly, I can help you. So when shall we have the party?
A: ____37____
B: No, today is too early. If we have it today, half the class won’t come.
A: OK, let’s have it tomorrow then.
B: Hmm…____38____Students will leave early to study for the test. Why not have it on the weekend?
A: OK, let’s have it on Saturday afternoon. ____39____
B: No, I don’t think we should watch a video. Some students will be bored. Let’s play games.
A: OK, good idea. ____40____
B: Sure, I can do that. And can you make some food for us?
A: Yes, no problem.
A．We can all meet and watch a video.
B．Can you organize the party games?
C．There’s a match tomorrow.
D．Let’s have it today after class.
E．Will you help me?
F．What can I do?
G．There’s a test the day after tomorrow.
第二部分 课本知识应用
五、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写单词(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
41．The young man gave ________(血) to save a middle school student.
42．Be careful about these ________(刀), Lisa.
43．Those great mountain ________(攀登者) come from America.
44．Where can we go for vacation? I can’t make the ________(决定).
45．He is sad because his grandfather is in danger of ________(死亡).
46．Look at the s_________ . It says NO SMOKING HERE.
47．We should help the blind, the deaf and other d_________people.
48．Our school plans to organize a basketball match to r_________money for the kids in the mountain village.
49．You can’t_________（想象） how I missed you all.
50．I received a_________（信） from my brother．
六、用所给单词的正确形式填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
51．How many ________(kilo) of salt do you need?
52．The man gave ________(blood) to save his sister.
53．Take these new ________(knife) to your brother, Lisa.
54．Bob and Dale both want to be great mountain ________(climb).
55．You can’t move the desk all by ________(your).
56．He keeps many_________(home) dogs and cats.
57．Along the street you can see a lot of traffic_________(notice).
58．He is the_________(own) of the large house.
59．This made a very bad _________(different ) to these little kids.
60．I pass the math exam! I have a strong _________(feel) of satisfaction.
七、阅读回答问题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
My name is Ann. I worked as a volunteer in 2013 because I wanted to do something to help others. I called some charity shops (慈善商店) to ask if they needed volunteers. Although I didn’t mind where I volunteered, I was glad that one of the Sue Ryder shops said yes. Sue Ryder was a charity very close to my heart because volunteers from Sue Ryder once cared for my dad in the hospital.
Volunteering in the shop helped me know what shop work was like and I was surprised to find how much I really enjoyed doing it. I also found how important the public (公众) were. Lots of people gave us things they didn’t need for the shops to sell. In this way Sue Ryder raised money to care for people with life-changing illness. I always left the charity shop late because I knew how important the work of Sue Ryder was.
Another thing I enjoyed about volunteering was talking with other volunteers in the shop. They were friendly and helpful. I really improved my teamwork skills by volunteering.
I worked in the shop from late April to early August. I learned many things from it and I’m sure they will be useful in the future.
根据短文内容回答问题
61．Why did Ann work as a volunteer?
_______________________________________
62．Who once got help from Sue Ryder in Ann’s family?
_________________________________________
63．Did Ann enjoy volunteering in the Sue Ryder charity shop?
__________________________________________
64．What did Ann think of other volunteers in the Sue Ryder charity shop?
_________________________________________________
65．How long did Ann work in the Sue Ryder charity shop?
________________________________________________
八、材料作文(本大题共15分)
66．在日常生活中，我们应学会帮助别人。假如你是Paul，准备和几个好朋友做一些志愿者活动。请你根据表格中的内容，用英语写一篇不少于80词的短文，描述你们的计划。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。可适当发挥，以使行文流畅、通顺。
姓名
计划
理由
Jack
看望医院里的孩子们
让他们高兴并尽快康复
Mike
看望敬老院里的老人
不让老人感到孤独
Susan
在社区做志愿者
给予残疾人更多的帮助
Paul
……
……
提示词：community社区In life, we need help when we have problems. At the same time, we should try to help others in need. My friends and I decide to do some volunteer work. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A
【解析】
句意：——你怎么了，朱迪？——她感冒了。
考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；the是定冠词，表特指；/表零冠词。have a cold表示“感冒”，是固定短语，故选A。
2．A
【解析】
句意：玛丽亚以前看电视，现在却习惯听音乐。考查动词短语。短语used to do sth.：过去常常做某事，从前做某事；be used to doing sth.：习惯于做某事。结合句意可知填used to；is used to；选A。
3．A
【解析】
句意：我没去聚会不是因为天气，而是因为我感觉不舒服。
because of 和because都表示原因，区别是前者后面接名词性短语，后者接从句。前文根据the weather可知用because of，后者根据I didn't feel well可知用because。故选A。
4．B
【解析】
句意：这种车太贵了，我没有太多钱。too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词。第一个空后的expensive是形容词，应该用much too修饰；第二个空后的money是不可数名词，故应用too much，选B。
5．D
【解析】
句意：-----你怎么了？-----我牙痛。考查冠词。what’t the matter with you?你怎么了？固定句型，have a toothache牙疼，固定短语，故选D。
【点睛】
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。
（一）不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是"一个"的意思，用在可数名词单数前，a用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前， an则用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。不定冠词可表示泛指，指某类事物中的一个，可表示“一个/只…”，也用于一些固定词组中。例如，He is a teacher.( 某类事物中的一个) an hour（一个…）have a rest（固定词组）。
（二）定冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。（2）指双方都知道的人或事物,例如：Open the door, please. （3）指上文提到的人或事物。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如：The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。（5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如：The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（6）乐器前用定冠词the，例如，play the guitar：弹吉他。（7）用在形容词前表示一类人，the +形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义，所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如：The old are sick.（8）用于一些固定短语中，如the Great Wall：长城；the United States of America：美国。
（三）零冠词的用法 ，就是不用冠词的情况。1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England, Mary。2) 不可数名词和复数名词表示泛指时，表示一类人或事物时，可不用冠词；They are teachers. 他们是教师。Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。3) 在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。4) 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词；如：have breakfast, play chess。5) 当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus, by train；6) 固定短语，如：go to hospital去医院看病；at home, in class, go to bed等。
6．B
【解析】
句意：——当有人遇到麻烦时，我会帮助他们。——你真好。
考查介词辨析和动词短语。of“……的，属于”；into“到……里面，进入”，get into“进入……”；by“通过，经过”，get by“通过”；to“到，向”，get to“到达”。gets into trouble“遇到麻烦，惹麻烦”，固定短语。故选B。
7．B
【解析】
句意：那个老人单独生活，但是他不感到孤独。
lonely 有浓厚的感情色调，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊时所发生的一种悲伤的和忧郁的感情，意思是“孤独”、“寂寞”，作形容词。alone只是陈述一个客观事实，意思是“独自一人”、“没有同伴或助手”，只用作表语。另外，alone 可用作副词，表示“独自地”、“单独地”。 第一句中表达的意思是“单独地”，作副词，修饰live；第二句作表语，表达“孤独，寂寞”，故选B。
8．B
【解析】
句意：Steven，我们应该在下一站下车。
get up 起床；get off下车；get to 到达；get in 当选，收割。根据句意和句中的“…the bus at the next stop”可知，这里是说在下一站下车。故选B。
9．D
【解析】
句意：有时，父母发现难以和他们十几岁的孩子交谈; find+it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth:发现做某事是…, (it作形式宾语,to do不定式作真正的宾语)。故选D。
10．D
【解析】
句意：——妈妈，当我长大后必须像你一样做一名老师吗？——不，你不必。你可以做你自己的决定。
考查名词辨析。difference区别；discussion讨论；discovery发现；decision决定。分析语境可知，此处在讨论长大后做什么，是对未来的决定，此处构成“make one’s own decision”短语，翻译为“做某人自己的决定”。故选D。
11．D
【解析】
句意：杰克需要带一些水，因为这些花需要浇水。
考查动词用法。take拿，取；water浇水；根据句中“needs”可知， need为实义动词，need to do sth.需要做某事，所以第一空使用动词不定式；need doing sth.某事需要被做，此处是花需要被浇水，所以第二空用watering。故选D。
12．B
【解析】
本题考查：连词短语的用法。选项分析：A. Both; and 表示两者都...... B. Either; or或者....或者....表两者之中的选择。C. Not only; but also 不但.....而且..... D. Neither; nor表示两者都不......综合分析前后文及答案选项，依据前面的We just need one of you for the game我们只需要你们中的一个来参加比赛。可知此处填Either; or最合适，完整句意为：We just need one of you for the game. Either you or your brother can join us.我们只需要你们中的一个来参加比赛。不是你就是你弟弟可以加入我们。正确答案为：B
13．C
【解析】
句意：在没有告知你父母的情况下，你最好不要放学以后闲逛，他们可能会担心你。
考查介词辨析。by通过；with有；without没有；after在……之后。根据题干中“They may worry about you.”讲到父母可能会担心你，由此推出要用一个表示否定含义的介词，表示“没有告知父母”，用without符合题意。故选C。
14．C
【解析】
句意：抽烟对你身体有害，你应该戒掉。
考查动词短语。give up放弃，是动词加副词构成的短语，其宾语是代词时，必须放在动词和副词中间；如果宾语是名词，既可以放中间也可以放在副词后面。smoking抽烟，看成单数形式，故选C。
15．C
【解析】
句意“-我非常担心接下来的考试，我怕这次不能通过。-振作起来，我相信你会成功的”。A.没问题，用于愉快地接受请求；B.没错，就是这样；C.振作起来，用于鼓励和鼓舞他人；D.不用谢，没关系，用于回答感谢和道歉。根据I’m very worried about the coming exam可知，表示用于鼓舞他人，故选C。
16．C
17．A
18．B
19．D
20．C
21．A
22．D
23．A
24．B
25．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讲了美国佛罗里达州的8岁男孩Christian McPhilamy留了两年金色长发，他希望用自己的头发做成假发捐给那些因病失去头发的孩子们。
16．
句意：虽然人们嘲笑他，但是没有什么能阻止他。
everything意为“一切东西”；anything意为“任何东西”；nothing意为“没有什么事”；something意为“某件事，有些事”。根据语境可知，他留了两年头发，即使有人嘲笑他，他仍这么做。由此可见，“没有什么”能阻止他。故选C。
17．
句意：当Christian六岁时，他看见了一则St. Jude 儿童医院的广告。
see意为“看见”；accept意为“接受”；make意为“制作”；become意为“变成”。由下文可知此处指他“看见”了一则广告。故选A。
18．
句意：在这则广告中，一些生病的孩子失去了他们的头发，并且人们为他们捐赠假发。
gave out意为“分发”；gave away意为“捐赠”；tired out意为“精疲力尽”；put away意为“收好”。由 “I want to do that...”以及下文描述他的做法可知此处表示人们给他们“捐赠”假发。give away意为“捐赠”，符合语境。故选B。
19．
句意：但是她知道，他的儿子很难改变主意。
train意为“训练”；understand意为“理解”；lose意为“失去”；change意为“改变“。根据语境可知，此处表示他妈妈知道她的儿子很难“改变”主意。change one’s mind意为“改变某人主意”。故选D。
20．
句意：然而，随着他的头发变长变厚，一些玩笑话就开始(出现)了。
thinner意为“更瘦”；shorter意为“更短”；longer意为“更长”；cleaner意为“更干净”。由上文的“Christian began growing his hair”可知，他开始留头发，由此可推知不久他的头发开始变长。故选C。
21．
句意：你看起来像一个女孩。
girl意为“女孩”；boy意为“男孩”；teacher意为“老师”；student意为“学生”。根据常识可知，男孩留长发，看起来像“女孩”。故选A。
22．
句意：过去当她和Christian一起出去时，她总是听到“你的女儿真漂亮”。
unless意为“除非”；though意为“尽管”；before意为“在……之前”；when“当……时”。所填词引导的句子表示时间，由此可排除A、B两项；before意为“在……前”，不符合句意，应排除。when意为“当……时”，符合语境。故选D。
23．
句意：有时候那些话会让Christian感到沮丧，但是他的妈妈总是尽力去让他高兴起来。
cheer意为“使高兴”；give意为“给”；fix意为“修理”；take意为“带，乘坐”。由句中的“upset”及转折连词“but”可判断，“cheer（使高兴）”符合语境。故选A。
24．
句意：可以理发的日子终于到了。
usually意为“通常”；finally意为“终于”；quickly意为“快地”；nearly意为“几乎”。根据语境可知，经过两年的等待，他的头发长到了10厘米，可以理发的日子“终于”到了。故选B。
25．
句意：由于他捐赠的头发，另一个孩子也会因为他的头发而感到很开心。
any意为“任何”；few意为“少量”；another意为“另一个”；other意为“其他的”。根据语境，小男孩把他的头发捐给了另一个小朋友，故此处表示“另一个孩子”也会开心，故选C。
26．B
27．A
28．B
29．C
30．D
【解析】
本文是新闻报道，介绍了四则新闻，均是介绍发生在2019年的火灾。
26．
细节理解题。根据“At least 43 workers died while they were sleeping and more than 50 got hurt.”可知，至少43名工人在睡觉时死亡，超过50人受伤。故选B。
27．
细节理解题。根据“In November 2019...About 600 koalas died while they were running away from the fires.”可知，大约600只考拉于2019年11月死于火灾。故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“27 firemen and 4 helpers were killed in this forest fire.”可知，27名消防员和4名助手在这场森林大火中丧生。故选B。
29．
细节理解题。根据“At about 7 pm on April 15, 2019, Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris caught fire. The fire spread quickly in an hour. At about 10 am on April 16, 2019, the fire was put out.”可知，2019年4月15日晚7时许，巴黎圣母院发生火灾，2019年4月16日上午10时许，大火被扑灭。所以这场火灾持续了15个小时，故选C。
30．
主旨大意题。分析四则新闻可知，都是介绍发生在2019年的火灾，故选D。
31．C
32．B
33．B
34．A
35．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了废弃口罩的处理方法。
31．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Next, workers will dump (倾倒) the masks into garbage incinerators (焚化炉) and burn them”可知，工人们把用过的口罩倒进垃圾焚化炉进行梵烧，故选C。
32．
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“That’s because most masks are made of non-woven fabrics (无纺布). It’s an environmentally-friendly material”可推知，制作口罩的材料很环保，因此不会污染环境，故选B。
33．
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The process of burning garbage can produce electricity”可知，燃烧垃圾的过程可以发电，即a；最后一段中的“the slag (残渣) from burning masks can be used to make something else”可知，燃烧口罩的残渣可以被用来做一些其他的事情，即c，故选B。
34．
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“Burning one ton of garbage can generate more than 400 kilowatt hours (度) of electricity”可知，燃烧一吨垃圾可以……超过400千瓦时的电力，推知“generate”是“产生”的意思，produce意为“产生，生成”，故选A。
35．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了废弃口罩的处理方法，故选D。
36．E
37．D
38．G
39．A
40．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是Mark和Nelly之间的对话。Nelly想举办班级聚会，请求Mark的帮助，Mark给出很多建议。
36．
根据下句“Sure, Nelly, I can help you.”可知答语为肯定回答，可知对方愿意帮忙，可推测出上句是询问对方是否可以帮忙，选项E“你能帮我吗?”符合，故选E。
37．
根据下文“No, today is too early.”可知今天不行，可推测出上句是说今天举办聚会，选项D“我们今天课后举办吧。”符合，故选D。
38．
根据后句“Students will leave early to study for the test.”可知学生们明天会为了备考而很早离开，可推测出后天有考试，选项G“后天有一场考试。”符合，故选G。
39．
根据下文“No, I don’t think we should watch a video.”可知对方不同意看录像，可推测出上句建议大家看录像。选项A“我们可以一起看录像。”符合，故选A。
40．
根据下句“Sure, I can do that.”可知答语为肯定回答，“我”可以那样做，可推测出上句是询问对方可以组织聚会游戏，选项B“你可以组织聚会游戏吗？”符合，故选B。
41．blood
42．knives
43．climbers
44．decision
45．death
【解析】
41．句意：那个年轻人献血来救一名中学生。血液：blood，它是不可数名词，故填原形。因此答案为：blood。
42．句意：小心这些刀，丽莎。空前有these（这些）修饰，故此处名词用复数。刀：knife，其复数形式是knives。因此答案为：knives。
43．句意：那些伟大的登山者来自美国。空前有those修饰，所以此处名词用复数。climber：攀登者，其复数形式为climbers。因此答案为：climbers。
44．句意：我们去哪里度假？我不能做决定。此处考查固定短语make a decision：做决定。空前用the，表特指。故答案填：decision。
45．句意：他很伤心，因为他的祖父有死亡的危险。句中in danger of：处于……的危险之中，of后跟名词或动名词，death：死亡，时名词。故答案填：death。
46．sign
47．disabled
48．raise
49．imagine
50．letter
【解析】
46．句意“看这个指示牌，上面写着“不要在这里吸烟””。根据句意可知，表示“指示牌上写着”。sign指示牌，故填sign。
47．句意“我们应该帮助盲人和聋人以及其他的残疾人”。disabled people残疾人，故填disabled。
48．句意“我们学校计划组织篮球赛来为山区里的孩子筹钱”。raise money筹钱，且根据空前to可知，用动词原形，故填raise。
49．句意“你无法想象我是多么地思念你”。imagine想象，且根据空前can’t可知，用原形，故填imagine。
50．句意“我收到了我弟弟的来信”。letter信，且根据空前a可知，用单数，故填letter。
51．kilos
52．blood
53．knives
54．climbers
55．yourself / yourselves
【解析】
51．句意：你需要多少千克的盐？
kilo千克，是一个名词。句中How many意为“多少”，提问数量，修饰可数名词复数。因此这里应填名词复数形式。故答案为kilos。
52．句意：这个男人献血救他的妹妹。
blood血，血液，是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式，因此这里直接用原形。故答案为blood。
53．句意：Lisa，把这些新的小刀给你的哥哥。
knife小刀，是一个名词。空前these表示“这些”，修饰名词复数形式，knife的复数应将fe变为v，加es。故答案为knives。
54．句意：Bob和Dale两人都想要成为伟大的登山者。
climb爬，攀登，是一个动词。根据句意可知，这里应填指人的名词climber，意为“登山者”。句中提到了两个人，因此名词用复数形式。故答案为climbers。
55．句意：你（们）自己搬不动这个桌子。
your你的，是形容词性物主代词。根据句意可知，这句话表示“单独，独自”，考查了短语by oneself，这里应用反身代词。主语you意为“你，你们”，两个意思，“你自己”应该是yourself；“你们自己”应用复数的形式yourselves。故答案为yourself/yourselves。
【点睛】
这个题目是用所给单词的适当形式填空，考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时，应根据句意、所给单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型等，变化单词的形式。常考查的知识点包括：名词单复数、名词所有格；动词时态、主谓一致、非谓语动词；形容词和副词；代词；数词等等。这个题目中涉及了名词复数和代词的用法。第1小题、第3小题和第4小题都考查的是名词复数，注意名词复数的变化规则，如kilo是在词尾直接加s；而knife变复数时，应注意先将f变为v，再加s。另外第4小题还涉及了词性转换的问题，climb是动词，首先根据句意应将其变为名词climber，然后再变复数。
56．homeless
57．notices
58．owner
59．difference
60．feeling
【解析】
56．句意“他养了许多无家可归的狗和猫”。空处修饰修饰dogs and cats，空处用形容词。且根据句意可知，表示“无家可归的”，故填homeless。
57．句意“沿着街道你能看到许多交通通知”。traffic notice交通通知。且根据空前a lot of可知，用复数，故填notices。
58．句意“他是这个大房子的主人”。根据空前the以及空后of可知，空处用名词。owner主人，且根据he可知，用单数，故填owner。
59．句意“这个对小孩子有非常坏的影响”。根据make a difference to“对……有影响”可知，故填difference。
60．句意“我通过了数学考试，我有强烈的满足感”。空前有形容词strong，空处用名词。feeling感觉，且指“满足感”，用单数，故填feeling。
【点睛】
考生在做此类题时，首先理解句子或者对话的意思。其次分析括号中单词的词性，联想该单词的常见变形。然后分析句子成分，找出括号中单词在句子中做的成分。最后将所给单词的适当形式填入相应的空格中，再读题，检查句子是否完整，表达是否准确无误。
（1）若括号中给出动词，空格在形容词之后，则此处填名词；若空格在动词之后，要根据空格前的动词选择相应的固定搭配，填出正确的非谓语形式。
（2）若括号中给出名词，空格设在名词前，则需要形容词形式；若空格设在many, two, a number of等表示复数概念的词后，要将名词变为复数。
（3）若括号中给出形容词，空格设在动词后，要用副词形式；空格设在than之前much之后，或者句中有of the two等比较等级的提示词，用形容词比较级；空设在one of之后，或者句中有in或among等最高级的提示词，用形容词最高级。
（4）若括号中给出基数词，一般是将基数词变成序数词，要注意对于one或two翻译成“一次”或“两次”时要填once或twice。
（5）若括号中给出代词，空设在动词后，用宾格形式；空设在名词前，用形容词性物主代词；空设在by之后或者其他反身代词的固定用法时，用反身代词。
61．Because she wanted to do something to help others.
62．Her dad.
63．Yes, she did.
64．Friendly and helpful.
65．More than three months.
【解析】
【分析】
作者经常做志愿者帮助别人，作者的爸爸曾经得到了Sue Ryder的帮助，作者喜欢在商店里和其他志愿者交谈，他们很友好，乐于助人，提高了团队合作能力。
61．根据文中I worked as a volunteer in 2013 because I wanted to do something to help others.可知，因为她想做一些事情来帮助别人。故填：Because she wanted to do something to help others.
62．根据文中Sue Ryder was a charity very close to my heart because volunteers from Sue Ryder once cared for my dad in the hospital. 可知，是作者的父亲。根据题意，故填：Her dad。
63．根据文中Volunteering in the shop helped me know what shop work was like and I was surprised to find how much I really enjoyed doing it可知，这个说法是正确的，故填：Yes, she did.
64．根据文中Another thing I enjoyed about volunteering was talking with other volunteers in the shop. They were friendly and helpful.可知，他们是友好和有帮助的。故填：Friendly and helpful.
65．根据文中I worked in the shop from late April to early August.可知，是三个多月。根据题意，故填：More than three months.
66．例文
In life, we need help when we have problems. At the same time, we should try to help others in need. My friends and I decide to do some volunteer work.
Jack wants to visit sick kids in hospital to cheer them up and make them get better soon. Mike plans to visit the old people in the old people’s home. He wants to help them do something useful and make them not feel lonely. Susan will volunteer in a community. She hopes to give disabled people more help. As for me, I decide to help give out food at a food bank because I know there are many poor people. They don’t have enough food and they are always hungry.
In fact, helping others is helping ourselves. Let’s take action to help others.
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作，内容是根据表格中的内容，用英语写一篇不少于80词的短文，描述你们做一些志愿者活动的计划；书写时应承接短文开头。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第三人称来叙述作文内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；以一般将来时为辅；第一段承接短文内容；第二段具体介绍此次志愿者活动的计划和理由；最后是自己的感想。
相关试卷
unit 9 单元重点单词词组短语句型精练-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）： 这是一份unit 9 单元重点单词词组短语句型精练-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版），共13页。试卷主要包含了用所给单词的正确形式填空，完成句子，句型转换等内容，欢迎下载使用。
unit 7 单元重点单词词组短语句型精练-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）： 这是一份unit 7 单元重点单词词组短语句型精练-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版），共15页。试卷主要包含了用所给单词的正确形式填空，完成句子，句型转换等内容，欢迎下载使用。
unit 6 单元重点单词词组短语句型精练-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）： 这是一份unit 6 单元重点单词词组短语句型精练-2021-2022学年八年级下册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版），共13页。试卷主要包含了用所给单词的正确形式填空，句型转换，完成句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
