高考英语一轮复习unit 18 beauty课时练含答案

课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020·合肥调研)Life on the street is a constant struggle for homeless people. In times of extreme weather conditions, that struggle becomes even more difficult. Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.

Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen. On January 30, 2018, 34­year­old Candice Payne, a local managing broker, was lucky enough to have shelter from the dangerous conditions.

“It was －20 ℃， and I knew they were going to be sleeping on ice and I had to do something，” said Payne. Payne started brainstorming different ways she could possibly help. Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.

For Payne, her mission was personal. According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.

However, when Payne explained what she was trying to do, many of the local hotels refused to allow her to pay for the rooms as they didn’t want homeless people to stay in their rooms. “No one wanted them, but one hotel, the Amber Inn, was nice enough to allow me to buy the rooms，” said Payne.

Payne’s selfless act made news across the country. However, she insisted she had never done it for attention. “I am a regular person，” said Payne, who spent thousands of dollars of her own money to help complete strangers. “It all sounded like a rich person did this, but I’m just a little black girl from the South Side.”

【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间。她的无私善举传遍全国。

1．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Locals living on the street.

B．The homeless freezing to death.

C．The extreme weather.

D．The shelter for the homeless.

B　解析：代词指代题。根据第一段最后一句“Recently, homeless people across Chicago faced freezing to death if they couldn’t find shelter for the night.”可知，最近芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。结合画线词所在句可知，幸好，一位当地的女士拒绝让此发生。据此可推知，画线词that指代“The homeless freezing to death”。

2．How did Candice Payne help the homeless people?

A．By drawing public attention.

B．By giving them money directly.

C．By taking them to her own house.

D．By buying hotel rooms for them.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Finally, she decided to see if there were any rooms available at local inns and hotels that she could get to help those stuck on the street.”可知，Candice Payne最终决定为这些无家可归者订旅馆的房间以免他们被冻死，故D项正确。

3．What may contribute to Payne’s nice act?

A．Her husband’s past experiences.

B．The requests from the homeless.

C．Her desire to become famous.

D．The coldness of local hotels.

A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“According to Payne, her husband, Carlos Callahan, had lived on the street at one point in his life. Based on his experiences, Payne knew that the homeless people still out on the street desperately needed help and that if she didn’t step up to help, no one likely would.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫无家可归的经历的触动，她决定帮助这些无家可归的人，故A项正确。

4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．A Black Fighter Changes the World

B．A Woman’s Curiosity Brings a Reward

C．A Regular Woman Makes a Difference

D．A Couple’s Brave Act Moves the Country

C　解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句“Thankfully, one local woman refused to let that happen.”和最后一段最后两句并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她丈夫经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。故C项“一位普通女士的影响”最适合作本文的标题。

B

(2020·辽宁五校模拟)It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flower­filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.

By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in non­profit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”

In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. Laëtitia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”

In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.

【解题导语】　本文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。

5．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?

A．The waste of flowers.

B．The loneliness of seniors.

C．The persuasion of other friends.

D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.

A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。

6．What was the first woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?

A．She was moved.　　　　　 B．She was excited.

C．She was worried.   D．She was surprised.

D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。

7．What can we infer about Floranthropie from Laëtitia Thélème’s words?

A．It should focus on primary care.

B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.

C．It is doing something of great importance.

D．It should cooperate with more non­profit institutions.

C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”可推知，Laëtitia Thélème认为 Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C项符合文意。

8．What is the best title for the text?

A．Volunteer Your Time

B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away

C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day

D．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers

D　解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，故选D。

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟)I first discovered Café Gratitude several months ago. My friend Dr. Heather invited me to __1__ her for lunch. Heather had __2__ moved to Los Angeles, and we would discuss the project we were doing. As we sat down and were __3__ the delicious vegetarian menu, the server who came to take our __4__ asked us the question of the day, “What are you grateful for？”

I felt a familiar stir(震动) in my chest, and my eyes began to water. __5__ a pause, Heather __6__ her hand out to me and said that it was with me. I expressed my gratitude to be with her __7__， enjoying this moment of our shared __8__ and her new start in Los Angeles. After a delicious lunch, I decided to stay a while longer __9__ the question had inspired me to meet the co­owner, Ryland. Pauses or __10__ in life are a very good time to listen to what’s __11__ on inside of our hearts.

When Ryland came over to my __12__ with his big smile, his title of Chief Inspiration Officer seemed very __13__ for his personality. He gave me his __14__ attention as he opened his heart to listen. I told him how I wanted to help him open more __15__ so there could be more places to eat and help spread this __16__ of “being generous and grateful every day”. Since that __17__， Café Gratitude has been my favorite place to eat.

What a rewarding and meaningful experience! And I’ve since learned that Café Gratitude __18__ business through what they call “Sacred Commerce” where they provide inspired service, and express __19__ for the richness of our lives. A simple question that day __20__ me down new paths and gave me new friendships.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”应邀和朋友在一家“感恩餐馆”共进午餐，当服务员问我们“我们感激什么”时，“我”和“我”的朋友都认为那一刻彼此的陪伴让我们感激。这一简单的问题让“我”有了新的人生感悟……

1．A.attend　　　　　　　　 B．accompany

C．involve   D．find

B　解析：根据语境可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐。B项意为“陪伴”，故B项正确。A项意为“参加，看护”，C项意为“使卷入，涉及”，D项意为“找到”，都与语境不符。

2．A.even   B．ever

C．seldom   D．just

D　解析：根据上文可知，“我”的朋友Heather博士邀请“我”陪她共进午餐；结合常识和该句中“had______moved to Los Angeles”以及下文中的“her new start in Los Angeles”可推知，“我”的朋友Heather刚迁到洛杉矶。D项意为“刚刚”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“甚至”，B项意为“曾经”，C项意为“很少”，都与语境不符。

3．A.looking   B．testing

C．planning   D．studying

D　解析：根据空后的“delicious vegetarian menu”及常识可知，我们坐下后开始仔细察看菜单。D项意为“仔细察看”，故D项正确。A项意为“看”，B项意为“测试”，C项意为“计划”，都与语境不符。

4．A.space   B．time

C．order   D．place

C　解析：根据该句中的“the server who came to take”及常识可以推知，服务员过来为我们点餐。C项意为“点菜”，故C项正确。A项意为“空间”，B项意为“时间”，D项意为“地方”，都与语境不符。

5．A.Without   B．Despite

C．In terms of   D．Regardless of

A　解析：根据语境可知，Heather毫无(Without)停顿地向“我”伸(reached)出手，说和“我”在一起让她很感激。

6．A.reached   B．shook

C．clapped   D．stuck

A　解析：参见上题解析。reach意为“伸，伸手(以碰触或提起某物)”，故A项正确。B项意为“摇动”，C项意为“鼓掌”，D项意为“粘，贴”，都与语境不符。

7．A.either   B．as well as

C．also   D．too

D　解析：根据上文的内容及该句中的“I expressed my gratitude to be with her”可知，“我”也为和她在一起表达了感激。too“也”，通常用于肯定句句末，故D项正确。

8．A.project   B．seat

C．honesty   D．friendship

D　解析：根据上文可知，我们都表达了对彼此陪伴的感激；再结合该句中的“shared”可以推知，我们享受着共同的友谊时光。D项意为“友谊”，故D项正确。A项意为“项目”；B项意为“座位”；C项意为“诚实”。

9．A.so   B．as

C．if   D．before

B　解析：空处前一句是说，午饭后“我”想多待上一会儿；空处后一句说，这个问题使“我”想要和餐厅老板Ryland见上一面，据此可知，空前为果，空后为因，故as“因为”正确。

10．A.action   B．delays

C．hurry   D．dreams

B　解析：根据语境可知，空处与“Pauses”对应，应为其同义词语，故delays“延迟”符合语境。A项意为“行动”，C项意为“匆忙”，D项意为“梦想”，都与语境不符。

11．A.looking   B．insisting

C．going   D．agreeing

C　解析：根据语境可知，暂停和延迟是生活中很好的一个时刻去倾听我们内心进行的活动。go on意为“发生”，为固定搭配，符合语境，故C项正确。

12．A.company   B．table

C．house   D．car

B　解析：根据语境可知，Ryland微笑着走近“我”的餐桌旁。B项意为“桌子”，故B项正确。A项意为“公司”，C项意为“房子”，D项意为“汽车”，都与语境不符。

13．A.suitable   B．ready

C．eager   D．anxious

A　解析：根据语境可知，他微笑着，看起来他“首席灵感官”的头衔和他的个性很匹配。be suitable for为固定搭配，意为“适合于……”，故A项正确。B项意为“准备好的”，C项意为“渴望的”，D项意为“急切的”，都与语境不符。

14．A.simple   B．full

C．urgent   D．regular

B　解析：根据语境可知，他敞开心扉倾听，全身心注意着“我”。B项意为“完全的”，故B项正确。A项意为“简单的”；C项意为“紧急的”；D项意为“经常的”。

15．A.hotels   B．schools

C．clubs   D．restaurants

D　解析：根据空后的“more places to eat”可推知，“我”想要帮助他开更多的饭店，这样的话就有更多的地方就餐并传播他“每天要慷慨并感恩”的理念。D项意为“饭店”，故D项正确。A项意为“宾馆”；B项意为“学校”；C项意为“俱乐部”。

16．A.lesson   B．note

C．message   D．lecture

C　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“课”，B项意为“便条”，D项意为“讲座”，都与语境不符。

17．A.meeting   B．performance

C．act   D．vacation

A　解析：根据上文中的“meet the co­owner”并结合语境可知，自从那次见面以来，“感恩餐馆”就成了“我”最喜爱去就餐的地方。A项意为“会面”，故A项正确。B项意为“表演”；C项意为“行动”；D项意为“假期”。

18．A.trains   B．practices

C．reviews   D．concludes

B　解析：根据语境可知，“感恩餐馆”通过他们的这种商业模式实践他们的业务。B项意为“实践”，故B项正确。A项意为“培训”，C项意为“审查”，D项意为“总结”，都与语境不符。

19．A.explanation   B．appreciation

C．consideration   D．application

B　解析：根据语境可知，他们向我们生命的丰足表达了感激。B项意为“感激”，故B项正确。A项意为“解释”；C项意为“考虑”；D项意为“申请”。

20．A.surprised   B．led

C．returned   D．held

B　解析：根据语境可知，那天的一个简单的问题，引导“我”走上新的道路，给了“我”新的友谊(关系)。B项意为“引领”，故B项正确。A项意为“使惊奇”；C项意为“归还”；D项意为“抓住，握住”。

课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇读后续写

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020·福建质量检查)My neighbor Orlando is a paramedic(护理人员). He and his wife are some of the nicest people I have ever met. A few years back we started this sort of “favor war”， where one of us would do something for the other, such as shoveling(铲) his driveway or helping him build a shed, and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.

Yesterday morning there was maybe 2 or 3 feet of snow on the ground and I remembered he shoveled my driveway for me last snowfall. So I took out my shovel and took care of both our sidewalks and driveways because it was my turn to do a favor back. It took a while but I finished and got into my car for work. What I didn’t realize was that Orlando had to work that day too.

Fast forward to this morning I got a knock on my door. It was him. He immediately shook my hand and informed me that because I shoveled his driveway and sidewalk for him, he was able to get to work earlier. As soon as he started his shift, a call came through that a young boy was in a medical emergency. Luckily he and his partner were only about 2 minutes away, but the next closest ambulance was in 10 minutes. This kid did not have 10 minutes. He barely had 2 minutes. Because my neighbor got to work sooner, the young boy got to live his life.

This isn’t a brag(吹嘘). This is to inform others that even the smallest favors can have the biggest impacts. It wasn’t too much of trouble to shovel his driveway for him, but because I did, the young kid got to see his family again, go back to school again, talk to his friends again and live his life.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和邻居Orlando总是互相帮助，这次下雪，“我”帮助他铲除了道路上的积雪，让他能很快去上班。一个等待急救的男孩在他的及时救治下摆脱了危险。“我”的善举救了孩子一命。

1．What can we know about the writer and Orlando?

A．They once had a conflict.

B．They signed a favorable agreement.

C．They favor shoveling snow together.

D．They are always ready to help each other.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“A few years back we started this sort of ‘favor war’， where one of us would do something for the other, such as shoveling(铲) his driveway or helping him build a shed, and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.”可知，几年前我们就开始这种“互助活动”，一个人帮助另一个人之后，下一次便由对方提供帮助；据此可知，作者和Orlando总是乐意互相帮助，故D项正确。

2．Who saved the boy before it was too late?

A．The writer.

B．The boy’s parents.

C．Orlando and his wife.

D．Orlando and his partner.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第五句“Luckily he and his partner were only about 2 minutes away, but the next closest ambulance was in 10 minutes.”，并结合该段内容可知，Orlando和他的搭档离医院只有大约两分钟的车程，他们很快上班挽救了男孩的生命，故D项正确。

3．What does the writer intend to tell us?

A．Never ask for trouble.

B．No favor is too small.

C．One cannot always be lucky.

D．Don’t lose heart in an emergency.

B　解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是尾段第二句“This is to inform others that even the smallest favors can have the biggest impacts.”可知，本文是为了告诉读者，即使是最小的帮助也能产生最大的影响，故B项正确。

B

(2020·贵阳摸底)Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn’t change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.”

However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机). They found that there were lots of faults(断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.

According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moon’s surface continues to push up. “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale(里氏震级)，”said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in the US.

But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn’t try to explore and live on in the future? Maybe not, reported The Telegraph. “This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere，” Watters comforted us.

The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science, but there is still a lot we don’t know. The moon is shrinking—we didn’t really realize that until recently. It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that, ” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.

【解题导语】　月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。

4．Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to?

A．It stays the same as before.

B．It is becoming slightly smaller.

C．It is getting older and older.

D．It has passed away.

B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However，a new study...shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time.”可知，一项新的发表在《自然·地球科学》上的研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，故选B项。

5．What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph?

A．It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.

B．It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.

C．It quakes even at seven on the Richter scale.

D．It has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy”可知，月球由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故选D项。

6．Who thinks that we needn’t worry about the moon?

A．Zhang Ruoxu.

B．Thomas Watters.

C．Nathan Williams.

D．The journalist.

B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中Thomas Watters说的话“This isn’t anything to worry about...It’s not going anywhere”可知，Thomas Watters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故选B项。

7．What does Nathan Williams think of the moon?

A．It is a dead and boring place.

B．It has lots of faults on the surface.

C．It is valuable to do more science.

D．It isn’t a place where we can live.

C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nathan Williams说的话“We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science...we should explore that”可知，Nathan Williams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索，据此可推知，他认为研究月球是有价值的，故选C项。

Ⅱ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

Alice had just been appointed in the multinational bank. After one month of severe training, today was her first day to go to work.

She got up a bit earlier than usual, and decided to skip her gym workout as she did not want to risk being tired or getting late to her office on her first day. She went through her morning routine and spent a lot of time in selecting what to wear. None of her dresses seemed to appeal to her—they were either a little too casual or too dull and she definitely wanted to make an impression right from the start. Finally she settled on the white embroidered(刺绣的) dress.

She waved bye to her mom and set off cheerfully towards the bus stop. But she saw a bus leaving the stop just as she crossed the street. Now she would have to wait for a good 15 minutes. 15 minutes passed and then 30 minutes and there was no sign of the bus. “It must be stuck in heavy traffic，” a kind lady who was also waiting for the bus told her. Hearing that, Alice got anxious. She had to reach her office on time. Then she saw a taxi approaching but when she tried to stop it, the taxi driver sped by without even taking a glance at her. Alice was wondering what she could do.

It was then that a car stopped near her and a man waved to her. The driver asked her where she was going and after Alice told him that she was going to the bank at Nariman Point, the man said, “Oh, my office is in the nearby building. Can I give you a lift？” Alice hesitated for a moment and got into the car. They exchanged names and began to talk for a while. Then the driver switched on the radio and was absorbed in the song. Alice looked out of the window and imagined her first day at work, worrying whether she was capable of the new job, and if she could get along well with her colleagues. After about ten minutes, Alice realized they were not on the familiar route to her office.

Paragraph 1：

She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man._____________________

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Paragraph 2：

Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly.__________________________________________________________________

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One possible version：

Paragraph 1：

She began to worry that she might get into the car of a bad man. So she asked cautiously whether they were going to her bank. The driver said that they took a new shortcut, as there was usually heavy traffic on the other one at this hour, and continued his song. That made some sense and Alice didn’t say anything more. Another fifteen minutes passed, and the road was even stranger for her. That man was driving speedily and Alice became more and more anxious. She decided that when the car next stopped at the traffic lights she would jump out.

Paragraph 2：

Then the car turned around a corner and Alice saw the tall building where her office was unexpectedly. She breathed a sigh of relief. Within minutes, they reached the gate of the building. “Here we are！” the driver pulled up and said. Alice got out of the car, her face turning red. She felt quite sorry for having doubted the driver. She believed there were indeed more kind people in the world. She said, “Thank you very much！”， with a big smile, and hurried to her office with great expectation. She knew she would have a good day.