高考英语一轮复习课时提能练7-8 unit 4 cyberspace 含答案

  课时提能练(七)必修2　Unit 4　Cyberspace(A)

课时作业A：基础层面

 Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．It is requested that every student (should)_write(write) a paper on sustainable development.

2．I know you are tired after a long walk，but try to hang on a bit longer.

3．It is obvious that this destruction will become more dangerous in the future.

4．If I were (be) you，I would go swimming with Lucy.

5．The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis，as well as providing (provide) them with financial support.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．What was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.What→It

2．Now that you've got a chance，you might as well to make full use of it.去掉to

3．Mary as well as I have been to the Great Wall.have→has

4．Wherever you go，keep touch with me，please.keep后加in

5．Brown meat essence is harmful for people's health.for→to

Ⅲ.选词成篇

A

Li Ming has 1.been_known_as a famous writer since his latest book 2.consisting _of several novels came out.It is not surprising that his dream 3.(should)_come_true. During the past few years，he kept 4.writing_down his experiences with which he 5.made_up some interesting stories.While he was writing his books，he always 6.cut himself off from the outside world.Now he begins to 7.take_action to 8.get_in_ touch_with his friends who he misses very much.It seems 9.as_if they had been out of touch for ages.

B

After 10.settling_in Beijing，with the help of his friends Chris bought a new house 11.as_well_as a portable computer.But one day his computer crashed and 12.in_his_ view it was likely to have been attacked by a virus.Because he 13.had_problems_with how to deal with it，he had to ask his friends for suggestions.With their help，his computer began to work again，and then he could 14.focus_on the scientific research he 15.had_been_up_to.

Ⅳ.完成句子

1．Tom raised his right hand as_if_to_say (好像要说什么)something.

2．After he moved to Beijing，he lost_touch_with (失去了联系)John.

3．I'm afraid that this shipment was_not_up_to (达不到)your own standard.

4．It_is_natural_that (那是很自然的)teachers are strict with their students.

5．It might_be_as_well (最好)leave him on his own for a few hours.

课时作业B：能力层面

 Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·江西省三名校联考)A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to “read” human personalities.

The eyes，they say，are the windows to the soul.And if that is true，computers and robots powered by sophisticated (复杂的) artificial intelligence algorithms (演算法) may soon have the ability to peer_into your soul.That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality，conducted by neuroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and published in the scientific journal Frontiers in Neuroscience.

“Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality，” wrote the researchers，led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher，whose team followed 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements，then determined their personality traits with “well­established questionnaires” for determining the personality type，according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.

The researchers fed the data into their AI algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person's major personality traits，such as “neuroticism，extraversion (外向)，agreeableness，conscientiousness，as well as curiosity”，the scientists wrote.

“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high­tech devices，even robots，allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines，” Loetscher said.

“People are always looking for improved，personalized services.Today's robots and computers are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non­verbal information，” Loetscher said in a statement quoted by The Indian Express.This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural，and better at interpreting human social signals.

The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies，according to a summary in Britain's Daily Mail newspaper.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究。

1．What do the underlined words “peer into” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Understand.　 B．Stare at.

C．Search for. D．Concern about.

A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“The eyes，they say，are the windows to the soul”，并结合对第一段的整体理解可推知，此处peer into与第一段中的“read”呼应，故选A。]

2．How did the researchers conduct the research?

A．It was carried out in a lab.

B．42 subjects' eye movements were recorded.

C．The students' daily movements were tracked.

D．Its subjects' personalities were determined by computer.

B　[细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究是通过追踪42个研究对象并记录他们的眼球运动来开展的，故选B。]

3．According to Tobias Loetscher，what can we know?

A．Robots and computers are socially conscious.

B．People care less about improved，personalized services.

C．Today's robots and computers can accustom to non­verbal information.

D．The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.

D　[细节理解题。根据对倒数第三段的整体理解可知，这项研究发现有助于改善人类和机器的互动，故选D。]

4．What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Human Personality Traits

B．What Human Eye Movements Are

C．Tell Personalities by Eye Movements

D．How Humans and Machines Interact

C　[标题判断题。根据第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项人工智能计算机和机器人通过读人眼球的运动从而一窥人的个性的研究，故选C。]

B

(2019·大连市一模)It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system.In an attempt to help the children of poor families，a nationwide program called “Head Start” was started in the US in 1965.A lot of money was poured into it.It took children into preschool institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school.But the results have been disappointing，because the program began too late.Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process.At the end of each day，“Head Start” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.

To improve the results，another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child's first teachers.This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life.The four­year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different socioeconomic statuses，ages and family structures.The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child.The program also gave the parents some guidance，and useful skills on child development.

At three，the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations.The results were obvious.The children in the program were more advanced in language development，problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers.They performed equally well regardless of socioeconomic backgrounds or family structures.The one factor that was found to affect the child's development was the poor quality of parent­child interaction.That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.

The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Head Start” program.Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years，some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.

【语篇解读】　本文主要通过对比两项侧重点不同的教育项目表明，要实现教育公平就应该关注对父母的教育，使其与孩子之间进行高品质互动，并且意识到孩子出生后前三年的重要性。

5．What caused the failure of the “Head Start” program?

A．The large number of poor families.

B．The disapproval from children.

C．The late start of the program.

D．The long period of time.

C　[细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“But the results have been disappointing，because the program began too late”可知，Head Start项目的失败是因为其开始得太晚了。]

6．What do we know about the “Missouri” program?

A．It focused on the children's first school teachers.

B．It helped the children return to the same home.

C．It made the children improved in many aspects.

D．It gave the parents advice on their development.

C　[推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“The children in the program were more advanced in language development，problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers”可推知，Missouri项目让参与的孩子们在许多方面都有改善。]

7．According to the passage，what is likely to influence children's performance?

A．The number of family members.

B．The parent­child communication.

C．The intelligence of their parents.

D．The teacher­student relationship.

B　[细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“The one factor that was found to affect the child's development was the poor quality of parent­child interaction”可知，父母和孩子之间的交流质量是影响孩子发展的因素之一。故选B。]

8．How does the author develop the passage?

A．By listing figures.

B．By making comparisons.

C．By presenting ideas.

D．By drawing conclusions.

B　[篇章结构题。通读全文内容可知，本文是通过对比两个侧重点不同的教育项目， 从而组织文章的，故选B。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2019·武汉市调研测试)Many people struggle with saying “No”．__1__ Remember，just because you can do something does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to turn down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say “No”．Here are some specific tips.

Give yourself permission to say no.Many people have an immediate reaction to say “Yes”  when they're asked to do someone a favor.Keep in mind，you are never required to say “Yes”．It's actually okay to say “No” sometimes.Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone.__2__

Set up your personal boundaries.__3__ However，that reason does not have to be concrete.Many people think if they can do something，they should.Your reason for saying “No” can be a simple matter of your own personal boundaries.Think about what boundaries you have，and accept the fact you're allowed to stay true to them.

__4__ People often won't take “No” for an answer.If you say “No” to people，they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind.Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.

Practice saying “No”．It may sound silly，but you can actually practice saying “No” alone.__5__ Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words.Many people are nervous about saying “No” and may say “Yes” due to anxiety.Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety.

A．This will help you say “No” with ease.

B．Be aware of potential persuasion techniques.

C．Find a good chance to stand in front of a crowd.

D．It's always easier to say “No” if you have a reason.

E．Try standing before a mirror and looking at yourself.

F．It's rather easy for you to set up your personal boundaries.

G．If someone asks you a favor，you may feel you have to say “Yes”．

【语篇解读】　我们可以通过设定边界、不断训练等方式，勇敢地向他人说“不”。

1．G　[根据前一句的内容可知，很多人总是苦苦挣扎，不敢说“不”。由此可推知，如果总是这样的话，当别人要请你帮忙的时候，你可能会感到你不得不说“可以”。故选G。]

2．A　[本段讲述的是要允许自己拒绝别人。很多人会不自觉地接受他人的请求，但是你并不是一定要对他人说“可以”，这是你的权利。记住这一点，将帮助你轻而易举地拒绝别人。故选A。]

3．D 　[根据空后一句“However，that reason does not have to be concrete”可知，D项“如果你有一个理由的话，说‘不’总是比较容易的”符合语境，故选D。]

4．B　[空后三句讲述的是，人们通常不会接受“不”的，他们会找种种理由劝你改变主意，因此我们要坚持自己的决定，不要轻易屈服。由此可推知，我们要知道他人的劝说技巧。故选B。]

5．E　[本段讲述的是要训练自己说“不”。该空前一句提到训练说“不”可能听起来很愚蠢，但实际上你可以独自去训练自己说“不”。由此可知E项“试着站在镜子前，看着自己”符合语境，衔接上下文。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019·江西省五校协作体联考)A new social robot has been introduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.The robot，1.________(call) Nadine，was built by a research team at the university.

Nadine has brown hair and human­like skin.She can talk and act like a human and she even has her own personality.The robot can show emotions，like anger and 2.________(sad)and change into different moods，3.________ (depend) on the topics she is talking about.

Nadine is the most advanced and human­like robot so far.She has built­in software that is similar to Apple's Siri，which works on 4.________ iPhone.The new social robot has capabilities that have never been implemented in other robots so far.Nadine can not only remember people she 5.________(meet) before，but she can recall things that she said at 6.________(early) conversations as well.

Up to now，robots have been used widely in the manufacturing industry. However，more and more robots are being 7.________(equip) with social functions. This could be important 8.________ our population becoming older.Working robots could be the solution to a decreasing workforce.On the other hand，such social robots could care for children or older people.They could play and talk with them or keep them company.

Currently，Nadine 9.________(have) a job as a receptionist at the university，10.________she answers questions asked by students and other visitors.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。类人机器人Nadine是由新加坡南洋理工大学研究团队制作的机器人，她有着棕色的头发和像人一样的皮肤，能表达愤怒、悲伤等情感，有一定社交能力，能记住曾经遇到的人、曾经说过的话。

1．called　[考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词call和其逻辑主语The robot之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。句意：该机器人名叫Nadine，由这所大学的一个研究团队制造。]

2．sadness　[考查名词。根据该句中的“anger and”可知，空处与名词“anger”对应，也应当用名词形式。]

3．depending　[考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词depend和其逻辑主语The robot 之间为主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。]

4．an/the　[考查冠词。句意：她装有和苹果的Siri相似的内置软件，该软件在iPhone中运行。iPhone为可数名词，且该处可以表示泛指，也可以表示特指，故可知答案。]

5．has met　[考查动词的时态。根据语境以及该句中的时间状语“before”可知，该句应用现在完成时。句意：Nadine不但能记住以前遇到的人，还能记得她在更早的交谈中讲过的话。]

6．earlier　[考查形容词的比较级。句意参见上题。根据句意可知，该处指“更早的交谈”，故用形容词的比较级。]

7．equipped　[考查被动语态。句意：然而，越来越多的机器人正在被配备社交功能。该句主语为robots，和动词equip之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。]

8．with　[考查with复合结构。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了with的复合结构，with的宾语是our population，现在分词短语becoming older作with的宾语补足语。句意：随着人口正在老龄化，这会变得很重要。]

9．has　[考查主谓一致的时态。该句主语为Nadine，为单数形式，故谓语动词用单数；根据该句中的“Currently”可知，该句陈述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故可知答案。句意：最近，Nadine拥有了一份在该大学做接待员的工作，在那里她回答学生和其他参观人员提出的问题。]

10．where　[考查定语从句。句意参见上题。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the university，在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该从句。]

Ⅳ.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2020·福建省质量检查测试)As everybody know，parents are worried too much about their child，especially when the young meet with challenges.So do my parents.They are even more nervous than I when a important test is coming.I have been thinking about talked to them.I'll let them know I have a goal and will work hard to achieve them.When they are convincing that I'll be responsible for that what I should do，they surely won't feel worried.Please keep in mind that our parents love us unconditional.I hope my thought can be helpful to you in dealing the relationship with your parents.

[答案]　

As everybody ， parents are worried too much about their ， especially when the young meet with challenges.So  my parents.They are even more nervous than I when  important test is coming.I have been thinking about  to them.I'll let them know I have a goal and will work hard to achieve . When they are  that I'll be responsible for that what I should do，they surely won't feel worried.Please keep in mind that our parents love us . I hope my thought can be helpful to you in dealing  the relationship with your parents.

课时提能练(八)

必修2　Unit 4　Cyberspace(B)

课时作业A：基础层面

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．It is suggested that we (should)discuss (discuss) the problem with others.

2．If it were to_rain(rain) tomorrow the football match would be put off.

3．I don't fancy going (go) out so far in such bad weather.

4．On average，a family will use 5 kg of wood per day to cook on a simple wood stove.

5．In view of the above mentioned facts，we wish to make the following proposals.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．They settled down to read the text when they came to the room.read→reading

2．His dream that he wants to be a teacher has now  realized.now后加been

3．Let us not lose in touch with reality.去掉in

4．On his view，in 50 years，the average human life span will be 150 years old.

On→In

5．The scientist suggested grow rice on the dried river bed.grow→growing

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．这个学校的班级规模低于全国平均水平。

Class sizes in the school are below_the_national_average.

2．这所公寓位于市中心，离王子街只需要五分钟。

The_flat_is_very_central—just five minutes from prince street.

3．委员会要求全球禁止捕鲸。

The commission is_calling_for_a_global ban on whaling.

4．你打算什么时候结婚，安定下来？

When are you going to get_married_and_settle_down?

5．他说英语跟他的老师一样好。

He speaks English as_well_as_his_teacher.

课时作业B：能力层面

 Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·南宁两校联考)Researchers have created a backpack that has a computer and medicines in it that can help even untrained soldiers save the lives of wounded troops.Wounded soldiers have a better chance of survival if they get help soon after being hurt and are quickly taken to a hospital or clinic.But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their injured friends.

Doctors and engineers have developed what they call an “intelligent backpack”．It has a computer and electronic measuring devices.The backpack also has robotic instruments and medicines ready to be given to injured troops.

About 16 doctors and engineers from the University of Pittsburgh，Carnegie Mellon University and several other places are working on the project.The U．S.Department of Defense has given money to the project.

Ron Poropatich leads the project.He is a retired Army surgeon.He says the backpack will help soldiers care for those who are injured.The devices included in the backpack can monitor a person's heart rate and blood pressure.The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.

The intelligent backpack's computer can compare information gathered about the injured soldier with thousands of similar cases，and quickly tell the best methods to save the soldier's life.

Sometimes，it is not always possible to quickly remove the injured soldier from the battlefield.So，Dr.Poropatich says，the researchers hope to create a backpack that will have devices that can keep a soldier alive for a long time.Dr.Poropatich hopes the backpack and its instruments will be ready for testing on animals in about three years.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究者发明的一种“智能背包”，内有电脑、药物等，可以及时救助伤员。

1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．Soldiers should have taken medical training.

B．Most of the soldiers can't use the backpack correctly.

C．The backpack can play a big part in the battlefield.

D．Wars or battles have brought harm to the world.

C　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Wounded soldiers...a hospital or clinic.”可以推测出，这种“智能背包”能够在战场上发挥重要作用。]

2．How many kinds of items are mentioned in the backpack?

A．2.　　　　 B．3.

C．4. D．5.

C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It has a computer...injured troops.”可知，“智能背包”里的物品有四种，故选C。]

3．What can we know according to Ron Poropatich?

A．The project got support from the whole world.

B．The robotic instruments can monitor lungs.

C．The injurer's heart disease can be cured.

D．The devices can adjust soldiers' blood pressure.

B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.”可知，这种装置可以指出士兵的肺是否萎陷，即这种装置可以监测肺的情况，故选B项。]

4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．Researchers and Their Wonderful Discovery

B．Medical Care Tested on the Wounded Soldiers

C．Robotic Devices Used in the Battlefield

D．Emergency Medical Care in a Backpack

D　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以及时向伤员提供紧急医疗救助的“智能背包”，故选D。]

B

(2019·江西名校联盟5月检测) A new study has identified pollution as the world's No.1 killer.Study organizers say pollution is responsible for more premature deaths than war，terrorism，natural disasters，smoking and disease.By saying premature death，the researchers mean dying before the average age of death within a population group.Many of these deaths can be prevented.

A report on the study was published in the medical journal The Lancet.The researchers looked at pollution levels，both inside enclosed(封闭的) buildings and in the world around us.They concluded that pollution killed about 9 million people in 2015.That would represent one of every six deaths worldwide.

Karti Sandilya helped to prepare the report.He said，“Pollution damages fundamental human rights，such as the right to life，health，well­being，safe work as well as the protection of children and the most vulnerable(易受伤害的)．”

The report said the large majority of pollution­related deaths take place in developing countries.The researchers say leaders in those countries are more concerned about building their economics and public services than environmental controls.Some of the most affected countries are Bangladesh，China，Haiti，India，Pakistan，North Korea and South Sudan.

But Richard Fuller，another writer of the report，said pollution is tied to slow economic development in both rich and poor nations.He said，“Finance ministers still hold firmly that you have to let industry pollution or else you won't develop.What people don't realize is that people who are sick or dead cannot contribute to the economy.They need to be looked after.”

The report said that 9 million premature deaths a year is only a conservative figure.It said the actual number is likely to be much higher.

A separate study by the World Bank said reducing pollution must be a top goal.It said that settling this problem would lead to approaches to other dangers，including poor nutrition(营养) and rising temperatures on the Earth's surface.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，污染是当今世界的第一大杀手，减少污染必须成为人类的首要目标。

5．Which is mainly to blame for pollution according to the report?

A．Poor countries.　　 B．Rich countries.

C．Common people. D．The government.

D　[细节理解题。根据第四段和第五段内容可知，在国家层面上，为污染负主要责任的是政府。文中的“leaders in those countries...environmental controls”和“Finance ministers...industry pollution or else you won't develop.”都充分说明了这一点。]

6．What does the first research find?

A．Pollution is serious in both rich and poor countries.

B．Premature deaths cannot be prevented worldwide.

C．Pollution has something to do with slow development.

D．Pollution has caused more premature deaths than expected.

C　[细节理解题。根据文章的第四、五两段特别是第五段第一句可知，应选C项。]

7．Why is “A separate study” mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．To provide more information about pollution.

B．To make the findings of the first study more convincing.

C．To offer more specific approaches to deal with pollution.

D．To emphasize the relationship between pollution and global warming.

B　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了污染是当今世界的第一大杀手这一事实以及存在的错误观念，而文中最后一段中的“A separate study by the World Bank said reducing pollution must be a top goal.”也正暗示了这一事实的严重性和解决此问题的紧迫性，所以可推断出“A separate study”在这里的作用是使上文提到的研究更加具有说服力。]

8．Which of the following can be used as the title of the passage?

A．Pollution Is the World's Number One Killer

B．Pollution Is Becoming Increasingly Serious

C．What Makes Pollution Increasingly Serious

D．How People Deal with Pollution Worldwide

A　[标题归纳题。文章开头的第一句“A new study has identified pollution as the world's No.1 killer.”指出污染是当今世界的第一大杀手，接下来谈到的与污染相关的其他方面也都是围绕污染对人类生命造成威胁这一主题展开的。故答案为A。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2018·武汉市武昌区调研)On December 22,2016 I landed in the land of the “American Dream”．__1__ Here is one of the things I've struggled with during my almost one year in the States.

__2__ My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America.Saigon，where I come from，is the old name of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. Vietnam is a tropical country where it rains most of the year.Before going to the U．S.，actually，I had no idea what to expect about its weather，but the big rain on my arrival gave me the first expectation of what the weather here might be like.

California is known for having a great climate—more sunshine，cooler in summer and warmer in winter.__3__ However，having been here for a pretty long while now，I have experienced various forms of climates in California.

__4__ Most of the time I was living in Silicon Valley，where the weather is a bit colder than where I study in Orange County.But I was really surprised to find chill­to­the­bone weather in San Francisco—a big shift from Silicon Valley in only about an hour's drive.How strange!

__5__ The worst is that I get a runny nose whenever I wake up in the morning.Because I am allergic to the cold and windy weather，I keep sneezing badly，and even more badly if I get caught in the cold.I think that my body needs more time to get used to this climate，but as many people said，I am luckier to be in California where I don't have to fight with extreme weather as in other states.

A．I am sensitive to weather change.

B．Such strange weather has affected my health.

C．So the amount of rain this year is considered unusual.

D．The LAX airport in California welcomed me with a big rain.

E．So I quickly get used to the unchangeable climate in California.

F．The weather varies widely depending on where you are in the States.

G．Since then，I have discovered tons of dilemmas about life in America.

1．G　[上文提到作者到了美国，接下来说“下面是我在美国接近一年的时间里努力应付过的诸多难题中的一个”。由此可以推断，空处表达的应该是作者经历了很多困难，G项的意思是“从那时起，我在美国发现了很多生活难题”，所以选G。]

2．D　[本空位于段首，为段落主题句。根据下文中的“My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America.”可知，空处应与rain有关，D项“加利福尼亚的LAX机场用一场大雨欢迎了我”符合语境，所以选D。]

3．C　[上一段讲的是加利福尼亚的大雨，本段首句讲的是“加利福尼亚因气候好而著名”，C项的意思是“因此今年的雨量被认为是不寻常的”，符合段落间以及句子间的逻辑，所以选C。]

4．F　[本空位于段首，为段落主题句。下文讲的是美国不同的地方有着迥异的天气，即便是相隔很近的两个地方，其天气也有很大的变化，而F项的意思是“在美国，天气随着你所在的地方而有很大的差异”，所以选F。]

5．B　[本空位于段首，为段落主题句。下文讲的是作者因为天气多变而打喷嚏，而B项的意思是“这种奇怪的天气已经影响到了我的健康”，所以选B。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019·郑州第一次质量预测)I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tournament held in Shanghai.But instead of focusing on my 1.________(fail)，I stopped to reflect on my experiences in the past few years 2.________ a debater.

In general，preparing for new debate topics usually 3.________(include) brainstorming arguments，researching a resolution (解决)，and doing debate practice. So if you spot a debating group，you might see us sitting together after school，or even all day at weekends，discussing arguments and researching evidence.You might also notice us arguing 4.________ (fierce) anywhere we can.

Not only are they supportive，but my debate friends also have similar passions and interests to mine.As we discuss debate topics，my fellow debaters and I can talk about anything，from 5.________ best way of rehabilitating(改造) criminals to the negative points of free immigration policies.However，our discussions are more than just a way 6.________(practice) our debating skills.In my mind，they help us to become calm and consider 7.________(win) and solving real problems as well.

To me，the debating community is a great place 8.________ people help each other not only because they're interested in a higher cause，but because they care about how people from different 9.________(background) can lead better lives.I'm grateful to each of my debate friends and every single minute we got to spend together.Indeed，my high school life would be incomplete without them.So even though I 10.________ (defeat) in my last debate，I'm still thankful for being part of my wonderful debate family.

【答案】　

1．failure　[考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处应用名词，故填fail的名词形式failure。]

2．as　[考查介词。但“我”并没有把注意力集中到自己的失败上，而是停下来反思过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。根据句意可知此处用介词as，表示“作为”。]

3．includes　[考查主谓一致。本句中主语为preparing for new debate topics，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。]

4．fiercely　[考查词性转换。你也有可能注意到在任何“我们”能辩论的地方“我们”都在激烈地论证。空处修饰arguing，应用副词。]

5．the　[考查冠词。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the，故此处应填the。]

6．to practice　[考查非谓语动词。然而，“我们”的讨论不仅仅是练习“我们”辩论技巧的一种方法。此处to do形式作定语。]

7．winning　[考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来，它们有助于“我们”变得镇静，也帮助“我们”考虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider“考虑”后跟动词­ing形式作宾语。]

8．where　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为place，故用where。]

9．backgrounds　[考查名词单复数。因为他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。background作“出身，个人背景”讲时为可数名词，空前有different修饰，故此处应用其复数形式。]

10．was defeated　[考查动词的时态和语态。因此，尽管在上次的辩论中“我”被击败了，但“我”仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩论家族的一员。根据句意可知此处用被动语态，且此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]

Ⅳ.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2019·福州四校联考)When I was young，I lived in the countryside.At that time，the trees there were very green，that left a deep impression on me and the water there was so much clear that I even could see the fish swimming.When it gets dark，the air was cooler than it in the daytime.People liked to walk out their houses to chat together.I liked to play games with my friends but ran along the village happily.As the moon rose highly in the sky，the village was lighting.When I looked up，I could see the moon and a few star.They were so close to me.It seemed that I could touch them.The life in the countryside were so wonderful.

[答案]　

When I was young，I lived in the countryside.At that time，the trees there were very green， left a deep impression on me and the water there was so much clear that I even could see the fish swimming.When it  dark，the air was cooler than  in the daytime.People liked to walk out  their houses to chat together.I liked to play games with my friends  ran along the village happily.As the moon rose  in the sky，the village was .When I looked up，I could see the moon and a few .They were so close to me.It seemed that I could touch them.The life in the countryside  so wonderful.