高考英语一轮复习unit 15 learning课时练含答案

课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020·辽宁五校模拟)While the start of a new school year is always exciting, this year was even more so for some elementary school students in Auckland, New Zealand. They became the world’s first kids to be “taught” by a digital teacher. Before you start imagining a human­like robot walking around the classroom, Will is just an avatar(化身) that appears on the students’ desktops, or smartphone screens, when ordered to come.

The autonomous animation(动画制作) platform has been modeled after the human brain and nervous system, allowing it to show human­like behavior. The digital teacher is assigned to teach “Be sustainable with energy”—a free program for Auckland elementary schools.

Just like the humans it replaced, Will is able to instantly react to the students’ responses to the topic. Thanks to a webcam and microphone, the avatar not only responds to questions the kids may have, but also picks up non­verbal cues(暗示). For instance, if a student smiles at Will, he responds by smiling back. This two­way interaction not only helps attract the students’ attention, but also allows the program’s developers to monitor their involvement, and make changes if needed.

Nikhil Ravishankar believes that Will­like avatars could be a novel way to catch the attention of the next generation. He says, “I have a lot of hope in this technology as a means to deliver cost­effective, rich, educational experience in the future.”

The program, in place since August 2018, has been a great success thus far. Ravishankar says, “What was fascinating to me was the reaction of the children to Will. The way they look at the world is so creative and different, and Will really captured their attention.” However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.

【解题导语】　新西兰奥克兰的一些小学生成为世界上第一批由数字化老师“教”的孩子。数字化老师Will能和学生积极互动，吸引学生的注意力。

1．What was special for some elementary school students in Auckland?

A．A digital teacher taught them.

B．They first saw something digital.

C．This was the start of a new school year.

D．They could get close to smartphone screens.

A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“They became the world’s first kids to be ‘taught’ by a digital teacher.”可知，他们成为世界上第一批由数字化老师“教”的孩子。由此可知，对奥克兰的一些小学生来说其特别之处在于有一位数字化老师“教”他们。故选A。

2．What is the benefit of this two­way interaction?

A．It can smile back.

B．It can use a microphone.

C．It can talk any topic for free.

D．It can change if necessary.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“This two­way interaction not only helps attract the students’ attention... and make changes if needed.”可知，这种双向的互动不仅有助于吸引学生的注意力，还允许该程序的开发人员监视他们的参与度，并在需要时做出改变。由此可知，这种双向互动的好处就在于其可以在必要的情况下适时进行改变。故选D。

3．What’s the author’s attitude to Will’s replacing human educators soon?

A．Optimistic.　　　　　　　 B．Doubtful.

C．Unclear.   D．Disapproving.

D　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句“However, regardless of how popular it becomes, Will is unlikely to replace human educators any time soon.”可知，作者认为无论它变得多么受欢迎，Will都不太可能在短期内取代人类教育工作者。由此可推知，D项符合题意。

4．What might be the best title for the passage?

A．New High­tech Contributes to Education

B．The World’s First Digital Teacher Appears in the Classroom

C．The World’s First Digital Teacher, a Help to Students

D．New Zealand Will Replace Teachers in the Classroom

B　解析：标题归纳题。本文为新闻报道类文章，第一段交代了文章的中心，即世界上第一个数字化老师走进课堂“教”孩子们，然后文章后面的段落围绕这个中心，交代了具体的上课内容、交流方式及对这种授课方式的看法。故B项最适合作本文标题。

B

(2020·惠州第二次调研)I realized something this morning. I have been writing now for 34 years. It all started when I was just 18 years old. As a boy I had read literally hundreds of books. I had a thirst for knowledge that seemingly could never fade. Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it, but as any writer tells you once the ideas awaken inside of you they won’t leave you alone until you write them down. I didn’t have a computer, word processor, or even a typewriter. Still, I grabbed a pen and lined notebook paper and wrote everything that was burning inside of me.

When I was done I didn’t know how to share it. There was no Internet back then, no smart phones, and no social media. I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written. He was a good man full of both wisdom and kindness. He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write. I continued to write new articles each week and shared them first with other local papers and later online as well. Years later at the urging of my readers I even self­published two collections of my stories in book form.

Through my writing I slowly became more than I was. In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well. I also found that we all are writers whether we put pen to paper or not. With every choice we make, with every thought we hold, and with everything we do, we are writing our own life story.

Lance Wubbels once wrote：“I hope you realize your life is truly your life. It belongs to you. It is your story to write with love. Day by day, line by line, write it well.”

【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历。从这个过程中，作者认识到了写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。

5．As a boy, when the author found he had something to share, ________．

A．he wrote it down

B．he ignored it

C．he shared it on social media

D．he told it to a writer

A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then suddenly I found I had something I wanted to share. I tried to ignore it...wrote everything that was burning inside of me.”可知，作者一开始想忽略内心的想法，但是后来还是写了下来。故选A。

6．How did the author begin his writing career?

A．He was hired as a newspaper editor.

B．He put his stories online by himself.

C．He self­published two books.

D．He was helped by a local newspaper editor.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I sought out the editor of my local county newspaper and asked him to print what I had written.” 及“He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was willing to write.”可知，作者是在当地报纸的一位编辑的帮助下开始了自己的写作事业。故选D。

7．What does the author think of writing?

A．Writing takes practice and efforts.

B．Writing can benefit oneself and others.

C．Writing helps people tell right from wrong.

D．Only with a pen can one write his life story.

B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In my writings I encountered my highest self. In my writings I discovered the goodness and light that lie in us all. In my writings I found great love and joy and encouraged others to choose love and joy as well.”可知，作者在自己的作品中，遇到了最好的自己，发现了所有的人身上都有的善良和光明，还找到了伟大的爱和欢乐，并鼓励别人也选择爱和欢乐。由此可推知，作者认为写作利己利人。故选B。

8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．A Way to Be a Writer

B．A Way to Share Ideas

C．Living Is Writing

D．Writing Is the Source of Love

C　解析：标题归纳题。从全文的内容可知，作者讲述了自己从热爱阅读到成为一名作家的经历；再结合最后一段，作者引用了Lance Wubbels的名言表达自己对写作的感悟可知，从这个过程中，作者认识到写作的意义，并感悟到人生就像写作，每个人都要用心书写自己的人生故事。故选C。

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2020·洛阳、许昌质检)My least favorite part was participating in sport meets, for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was __1__. I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge to go to the nearest __2__. This year, __3__， I was encouraged to join in a running competition by my coach.

The 800－meter event was approaching, meaning that I would __4__ soon. I breathed deeply and tried to __5__ my worries. I walked over to some of the __6__ who would run with me and started to __7__ with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as __8__ as possible.

I stepped up to the line for the event. The starter raised his starting gun and __9__. About twenty­five runners __10__. With these runners around me, I __11__ my coach’s words, “You may be small, but you have __12__ power.” So, I kept up with athletes twice my __13__. I picked up the runner in seventh place and based my steps on him, making it a little bit faster. One by one, I __14__ to make it to the top four, bursting around the lap.

It was the last lap before the final straightaway. I __15__ I had the possibility to win. So I widened my steps, speeding up my __16__. I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side down the last 100 meters—I __17__ him by a hair at the finishing line.

My coach gave me a __18__ hug as I headed back to see him. He was __19__ because I had shortened my original __20__ by twelve seconds at least.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”以前喜欢一个人跑步，最不爱参加运动会，但是今年“我”努力尝试，参加了跑步比赛。

1．A.shocked   B．nervous

C．comfortable   D．brave

B　解析：根据上文中的“for I loved running by myself”以及空后的“I had butterflies in my stomach”可知，当“我”与运动员同伴赛跑时，“我”很紧张。

2．A.stadium   B．hospital

C．bathroom   D．station

C　解析：根据该句中的“I had butterflies in my stomach”并结合选项和常识可推知，“我”和其他人一起跑步很紧张，会突然急切地想去最近的洗手间。

3．A.however   B．instead

C．otherwise   D．moreover

A　解析：空处所在句表示今年教练鼓励“我”去参加跑步比赛，与上文内容形成转折，所以用however“然而”。

4．A.delay   B．fail

C．escape   D．compete

D　解析：根据空前的“The 800­meter event was approaching”可知，“我”很快将参加800米比赛。

5．A.ignore   B．increase

C．form   D．imagine

A　解析：根据语境可知，“我”深呼吸并试图忽略自己的担忧。

6．A.reporters   B．judges

C．runners   D．coaches

C　解析：根据语境和空后的“who would run with me”可知，“我”走向一些将和“我”一起跑步的跑步者，开始和他们一起热身(warm up)。

7．A.watch out   B．turn back

C．get away   D．warm up

D　解析：参见上题解析。

8．A.smoothly   B．rapidly

C．calmly   D．patiently

B　解析：根据空前的“We were all...to run”并结合常识可知，“我们”都准备好尽可能快地奔跑。

9．A.returned   B．withdrew

C．screamed   D．fired

D　解析：根据语境可知，发令员举起发令枪并开枪(示意起跑)。

10．A.took off   B．set down

C．looked on   D．went about

A　解析：根据上文可知，发令员开枪示意起跑，大约25名赛跑者出发。

11．A.challenged   B．recalled

C．forgot   D．adapted

B　解析：根据语境可知，被这些赛跑者包围，“我”想起了教练的话。

12．A.exact   B．great

C．practical   D．suitable

B　解析：根据空前的“You may be small” “but”并结合语境可知，此处表示你或许弱小，但你拥有巨大的力量。

13．A.pressure   B．salary

C．size   D．age

C　解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，“我”与两倍于自己体格的运动员齐头并进。

14．A.offered   B．pretended

C．regretted   D．managed

D　解析：根据空后的“make it to the top four”可知，“我”设法跑进了前四。

15．A.claimed   B．heard

C．supposed   D．remembered

C　解析：根据上文中的“the last lap”可知，“我”认为自己有获胜的可能。

16．A.speech   B．mind

C．fight   D．pace

D　解析：根据空前的“So I widened my steps”可知，“我”跨大步子，加快了速度。

17．A.beat   B．pushed

C．dragged  D．followed

A　解析：根据语境可知，“我”追上了第一名，并和他肩并肩跑完了最后的100米，在终点线以微弱的优势赢了他。

18．A.soft   B．cautious

C．firm   D．slight

C　解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”在赛跑中取得了第一名，当“我”回去看教练时，教练给了“我”一个坚实的拥抱。

19．A.excited   B．disappointed

C．relaxed   D．depressed

A　解析：根据语境可知，教练很兴奋，因为“我”比自己原先的(跑步)时间(time)至少缩短了12秒。

20．A.distance   B．time

C．lap   D．step

B　解析：参见上题解析。

课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇读后续写

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2020·佛山高三质检)While an entire month free of homework or tests may sound too good to be true, that is exactly what the students at Sturenskolan School in Boden, Sweden were treated to in April. What’s more, if the results of the experiment prove encouraging, starting 2019, the middle schoolers will never have to worry about after­school work or tests, aside from the national examinations, which are compulsive for students across the country.

The school’s principal, Petronella Sirkka, who came up with the idea, said, “We are constantly receiving new reports that our children feel bad. And that’s because they have a high level of stress all the time. This is our way of trying to reduce that stress.”

The educator says that while banning homework and tests sounds radical(激进的), it makes sense given the changes in the curriculum and approaches to education. While in the past students were primarily subjected to memorizing facts, learning today is all about reflection and analysis. As a result, it is often harder for kids, especially those with little support at home, to comprehend the material by themselves.

Sirkka is not the only one who believes after­school work does not help students learn. In March 2018, another principal in Canada also decided to do away with homework. They hope parents will spend the extra time reading to their kids.

While the long­term impact of the recent decisions made by the two educators remains to be seen, the experiment has already proved successful in Finland which has done away with homework, grades, and even teaching by subjects for many years. Yet, Finnish students always rank high in the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) tests especially in math and science but they have the least homework! Hopefully, it will only be a matter of time before US educators follow their lead and ban after­school work as well!

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。瑞典一所学校在四月份取消了学生的家庭作业和考试，这是该校校长Petronella Sirkka看到学生作业负担太重而提出的举措，且芬兰采取的类似做法已获成功。

1．The students at Sturenskolan School had no homework in April because ________．

A．the headmaster was experimenting with her idea

B．they needed to do some experiments during the month

C．they were busy preparing for the national examinations

D．the headmaster had to carry out the government’s policy

A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“The school’s principal, Petronella Sirkka, who came up with the idea”，并结合第一段的内容可知，Sturenskolan学校的学生们在四月份没有家庭作业和考试是该校校长提出的想法，故A项正确。

2．What makes children’s learning hard nowadays?

A．Children have to do more analyzing.

B．The approach to education is complex.

C．Children get no support at home and school.

D．There are many more facts to memorize.

A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“While in the past students were primarily subjected to memorizing facts, learning today is all about reflection and analysis. As a result, it is often harder for kids, especially those with little support at home, to comprehend the material by themselves.”可知，在过去，学生主要是被要求记住事实，而如今学生需要的是反思和分析。因此，孩子们往往很难自己理解这些材料。据此可知，反思和分析让孩子们的学习更加困难。故A项正确。

3．What does Petronella Sirkka most likely advise parents to do?

A．Help children with their homework.

B．Free children from after­school housework.

C．Spend more time reading to their children.

D．Communicate with teachers from time to time.

C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段尾句“They hope parents will spend the extra time reading to their kids.”可推知，Petronella Sirkka很可能会建议父母花些时间为他们的孩子们阅读，故C项正确。

4．What can we infer about the students in Finland?

A．They study the hardest at school.

B．They have a more relaxing school life.

C．They enjoy great success after graduation.

D．They all have a talent for math and science.

B　解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第一句中的“the experiment has already proved successful in Finland which has done away with homework, grades, and even teaching by subjects for many years”可知，多年来，芬兰已经取消了家庭作业、成绩等级，甚至科目教学。据此可推知，芬兰学生的学校生活更加轻松，故B项正确。

B

(2020·陕西部分学校摸底)A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the “Nobel Prize” of conservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction.

Professor Carl Jones won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize—the highest accolade in the field of animal conservation—for his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he saved an endangered kestrel(红隼) from becoming the next Great Auk.

When the 65­year­old first travelled to the east African island in the 1970s, he was told to close down a project to save the Mauritius kestrel. At the time there were just four left in the wild, making it the rarest bird on Earth. However, he stayed, using the techniques of captive breeding(人工繁殖), which involved snatching eggs from the birds’ nests and hatching them under incubators(孵化器), prompting the mothers to lay another set of eggs in the wild.

A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild. The biologist has also made an effort to bring other rare species back from the edge of extinction, including the pink pigeon, echo parakeet and Rodrigues warbler.

Prof. Jones was awarded the $250，000 prize at a ceremony in London.

“As a young man in my 20s, I certainly didn’t enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received.” Reflecting on the start of his career, he said the Mauritius kestrel project had been seen as a “dead loss” at the time. In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild.

Prof. Jones has devoted his whole life to his work, only becoming a father for the first time at 53. He said receiving the prize was particularly important to him, because it proved that his work to save birds was right.

【解题导语】　卡尔·琼斯教授因偷稀缺鸟类的蛋而被指责，后来在动物保护领域被授予诺贝尔奖，他用自己的方法挽救了九种濒危物种。

5．What does the underlined word “accolade” mean in Paragraph 2?

A．Return.   B．Level.

C．Honor.   D．Research.

C　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize”并结合语境可推知，画线词意为“荣誉”。故选C项。

6．According to the passage, Great Auk is ________．

A．an endangered bird   B．an extinct bird

C．a popular bird   D．a fierce bird

B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“he saved an endangered kestrel(红隼) from becoming the next Great Auk”可推知，Great Auk是一种已灭绝的鸟。故选B项。

7．What can we know from the figures in Paragraph 4?

A．Taking eggs from the nests has worked well.

B．The wild environment for kestrel has changed a lot.

C．Kestrel has adapted to the life in the wild.

D．It’s difficult to protect kestrel.

A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句以及第四段第一句“A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild.”可知，当时野生毛里求斯红隼只剩4只，琼斯教授采用人工繁殖的方法来救助毛里求斯红隼，10年后，毛里求斯红隼的数量飙升到300多只，如今野生红隼约有400只。由此可推知，从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋的方法效果很好。故选A项。

8．Prof. Jones’ idea of taking eggs from the birds’ nests________.

A．was proved of no use

B．was widely accepted

C．was promoted officially

D．was criticized by some people

D　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“dead loss” “In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques...in the wild.”可知，琼斯教授从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋来进行人工繁殖的方法受到了一些人的批评。故选D项。

Ⅱ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

A tornado(龙卷风) hit a small town nearby, leaving many families completely destroyed. Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the most difficult period to appeal to people’s attention and assistance.

One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a simple mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article that went with the picture gave the clothing size of each family member. With growing interest, I noticed that sizes of the family closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven­year­old twins, Brad and Brett, and three­year­old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves.

“We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing，” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them.” I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys.

The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best­loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too，” I said to the little Meghan.

Paragraph 1：

“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them，” Meghan turned to me._______________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

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Paragraph 2：

Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes.________________________________________________________________________

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One possible version：

Paragraph 1：

“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them，” Meghan turned to me. “Oh, honey，” I said. “You don’t have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan nodded seriously, eyes glistening with tears. “Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she’ll make that little girl happy, too.” She paused in front of the box that held the toys, pressed her round little face into Lucy’s flat face, gave her a final kiss, then laid her gently on top of the other toys. The boys watched, open­mouthed, as their baby sister placed her favorite doll in the box.

Paragraph 2：

Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had bought on sale last week. I believed the young woman in the picture would like it and fit it as much as I did. The boys had also been inspired by our behavior and carried their beloved things. We all wished the family  could pass the difficult period as soon as possible and that they would love the things we gave them with all our heart.