高中英语Lesson 3 "White Bikes" on the Road习题

UNIT8GREENLIVING

SECTIONC　WRITINGWORKSHOP&VIEWING

WORKSHOP&READINGCLUB&ASSESSMENT

课后篇巩固提升

基础夯实

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.The 　　　　　(居民) of the town are proud of its new library. 

答案residents

2.She was able to show the results in a simple 　　　　　(示意图). 

答案diagram

3.Food will last longer if kept in a tight 　　　　　(容器). 

答案container

4.Attractive 　　　　　(包装) can help to sell products. 

答案packaging

5.We can 　　　　　(概括) the main point of the lesson in three sentences. 

答案sum

6.The 　　　　　(大多数) of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 

答案majority

7.Tomatoes contain a high 　　　　　(百分比) of vitamin. 

答案percentage

8.The bees busied themselves at making 　　　　　(蜂蜜). 

答案honey

9.If you want to pass your exams you’d better change your 　　　　　(态度)! 

答案attitude

10.Anyone,whether he is an 　　　　　(官员) or a bus driver,should be equally respected. 

答案official

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.Other activities also contribute 　　　　　air pollution. 

答案to

2.Dark green leaves are a good 　　　　　(indicate) of healthy roots. 

答案indication

3.People would leave the bike in the place 　　　　　they finished their journey. 

答案where

4.The bike is equipped with a computer　　　　　 (track) system to record their every move! 

答案tracking

5.Over the past 100 years,average temperatures around the world 　　　　　(rise) by 0.5 ℃ to 1 ℃. 

答案have risen

6.An agreement seems to be impossible because the 　　　　　(major) of the committee members are against it. 

答案majority

7.According to the WHO,2.4 million people died　　　　　 (annual) from causes directly related to air pollution. 

答案annually

8.Because of its 　　　　　(convenient) for bicycles,Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists;an amazing 38% of all trips 　　　　　(make) by bike. 

答案convenience;are made

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.科学家正力求找到解决这个问题的办法。

The scientists are trying to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to the problem. 

答案come up with a solution

2.为了在课堂上学到更多的知识,参加课堂讨论是很有帮助的。

In order to learn more in class,it is helpful to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案take part in class discussions

3.总之,父母应该防止孩子花太多的时间看电视。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　,parents should prevent their children from spending too much time in watching TV. 

答案To sum up

4.尝试下面这些简单的技巧来锻炼你的自信心。

Try these simple tips to drill and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案build up your confidence

5.多数人强烈反对这项计划。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　are strongly against the plan. 

答案The majority of people

6.这场雪表明冬天来临。

The snow 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of winter. 

答案indicates the coming/arrival

7.为了扩充词汇,你要多读书。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you are supposed to read more. 

答案To build up your vocabulary

8.江水决堤,泛滥成灾。

The river 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and caused 　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案overflowed its banks;serious flooding

9.他除了脸部和手受伤以外,两条腿也断了。

　　　　　　　　the injuries to his face and hands,he broke both legs. 

答案Apart from

10.你如果想减肥,就少吃高脂食物。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　fatty foods if you want to lose weight. 

答案Cut down/back on

Ⅳ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子

path;pedal;plastic;attitude;diagram;resident;therefore;packaging;disposable;take part in

1.I couldn’t reach the 　　　　　on her bike. 

答案pedals

2.He was busy;　　　　　,he couldn’t come. 

答案therefore

3.Many items in daily use are made out of 　　　　　. 

答案plastic

4.Local 　　　　　have united to fight against the decision. 

答案residents

5.As you get older,your 　　　　　towards death changes. 

答案attitude

6.The 　　　　　was completely covered with fallen leaves. 

答案path

7.This book has 　　　　　showing the parts of a car engine. 

答案diagrams

8.Too much 　　　　　increases the cost of the food we buy. 

答案packaging

9.The use of 　　　　　chopsticks has been debated for years. 

答案disposable

10.Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere 　　　　　them. 

答案take part in

Ⅴ.选词填空

1.percent;percentage

Twenty 　　　　　of the products are exported. 

What 　　　　　of the earth is covered by oceans? 

答案percent;percentage

2.official;officially

The new church was 　　　　　opened on May 5th. 

English is also one of the 　　　　　languages of Canada. 

答案officially;official

3.contain;container

Does each cup 　　　　　the same amount of milk? 

He has some 　　　　　in which fish are stored and sold. 

答案contain;containers

4.annual;annually

They celebrate their wedding anniversary 　　　　. 

I’m playing in the 　　　　　school concert next Friday. 

答案annually;annual

5.pollute;pollution;pollutant

We should not 　　　　　our rivers with waste. 

Waste water from the factory is the main cause of the 　　　　　of local rivers. 

PM affects more people than any other 　　　　　. 

答案pollute;pollution;pollutants

素养提升

Ⅵ.阅读理解

Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter,including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台).The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California,including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds,plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers’ arguments:many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags,which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at,they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:reusable shopping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is,the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out.However,longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don’t dispute (质疑) these points.They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。塑料购物袋产生“白色垃圾”,在美国加利福尼亚州约有90个城市禁止使用塑料购物袋;塑料购物袋制造商想出了对策——用可以重复利用的购物袋,虽然这种购物袋的制作和运输成本高;环保专家认为塑料袋和纸袋都不要用。

1.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?

A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.

B.Recyclethewastematerial.

C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.

D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.

答案D

解析根据文章第二段最后一句中的“arehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume”可知,塑料购物袋制造商雇用像Stein这样的科学家来说明他们的产品并不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有那么大的坏处,所以D项“据理支持使用塑料袋”正确。

2.What does the word “headwinds” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Bans on plastic bags.

B.Effects of city development.

C.Headaches caused by garbage.

D.Plastic bags hung in trees.

答案A

解析画线单词所在句意为:看到这种“逆风”,塑料购物袋制造商雇用像Stein这样的科学家来说明他们的产品不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有那么大的坏处。联系上一句“Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesin...”可知,A项“禁止使用塑料袋”为正确选项。

3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?

A.They are quite expensive.

B.Replacing them can be difficult.

C.They are less strong than plastic bags.

D.Producing them requires more energy.

答案D

解析由文章第四段倒数第二句“...longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.”可知,这种长期可重复使用的购物袋的制作需要更多的能源,故选D项。

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Plastic,Paper or Neither

B.Industry,Pollution and Environment

C.Recycle or Throw Away

D.Garbage Collection and Waste Control

答案A

解析本文主要叙述了三方面的内容:塑料购物袋产生“白色垃圾”;塑料购物袋制造商想出了对策——用可重复使用的购物袋;环保专家希望塑料袋和纸袋都不用。故A项“塑料袋、纸袋或者两者都不用”可作为文章的最佳标题。

Ⅶ.七选五

Do you want to know how to live an environmentally friendly lifestyle?Here is a short list of ways that you can help protect the environment.

Prevent energy leaks (泄漏) at home.

Heating and cooling can make up to 50 percent of your energy bill each month.　1　 So you’ll save money and reduce your influence on the environment. 

Plant trees in your yard and community.

Everyone knows that planting trees can help the environment.　2　 Trees cool your home,reducing the energy used for cooling.Trees improve mental health.Trees reduce noise pollution. 

　3　 

If you use ceiling fans during hot summer days,you can create a cooling environment.A few ceiling or regular fans properly placed in your home can reduce the amount of time you spend with the air conditioning on.

Use solar energy more often.

　4　 There are lots of inexpensive solar products you can try out.For example,solar-powered lights.How about solar cell phone chargers?Additionally,there are many forms of passive solar energy that can help you take advantage of the sun. 

Think about green transportation.

Just sit and think about a few environmentally friendly ways you can get from one place to another.　5　 You can walk or bike to the corner store.Walking instead of driving to a store is a great way to help the environment! 

A.Trees have many good influences.

B.Use natural wind to dry your clothes.

C.There are many ways to use solar power.

D.Use ceiling fans to cool off in summer.

E.You can take a bus when going to the movie theater.

F.Turn off lights and electronic devices when you’re not using them.

G.You can heat and cool your home more efficiently by fixing leaks.

答案与解析

【语篇解读】你知道哪些保护生态环境的生活方式吗?本文提供了几种简单的方法。

1G　本部分的标题是“防止家庭能源泄漏”,对比七个选项,G项中的byfixingleaks 与 energyleaks相呼应。

2.A　根据下文可知谈的是树的益处,A项(树有许多好处)与下文相符。

3.D　根据该部分的“Ifyouuseceilingfansduringhotsummerdays”可知,D项符合语境。

4.C　本部分谈的是使用太阳能,空格后面谈的是如何使用太阳能产品,对比七个选项可知,C项(有许多使用太阳能的方法)符合语境。

5.E　本部分谈的是“绿色出行”,E项(你可以乘公交车去电影院)属于绿色出行。

Ⅷ.完形填空

In our modern world,when something wears out,we throw it away and buy a new one.The　1　 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 　2　 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before. 

How did we become a throwaway society?First of all,it is now easier to　3　 an object than to spend time and money to repair it.Thanks to modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology,companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and 　4　. 

Another cause is our　5　 of disposable (一次性的) products.As 　6　 people,we are always looking for ways to save time and make our lives easier.Companies 　7　 thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates,plastic cups,and cameras,to name a few. 

Our appetite for new products also　8　 to the problem.We are addicted to buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that 　9　 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we 　10　 useful possessions to make room for new ones. 

All around the world,we can see the　11　 of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To 　12　 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 　13　,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.　14　,this is not enough to solve our problem. 

Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about　15　.Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment. 

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。我们用过的东西随手就扔掉了。慢慢地,我们的社会就变成了一个一次性社会,为什么会产生这种现象?我们该如何解决这一问题?本文给我们提出了建议。

1.A.key B.reason

C.project D.problem

答案D

解析联系后文的“countriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof...”可知,堆积如山的垃圾已经成了社会问题(problem)了。key关键;reason原因;project工程。

2.A.gifts B.rubbish

C.debt D.products

答案B

解析结合空后的“becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore”可知,因为人们扔的垃圾越来越多,垃圾已经堆积成山,故该空填rubbish。gift礼物;debt债务;product产品。

3.A.hide B.control

C.replace D.withdraw

答案C

解析结合空前的“easierto”和后文的“tospendtimeandmoneytorepairit”可知,替换(replace)一件东西比花时间和金钱修理它要容易得多。hide藏;control控制;withdraw撤回,退出。

4.A.safe B.funny

C.cheap D.powerful

答案C

解析结合前文的“quicklyandinexpensively”可知此处是指“产品充足,价格便宜(cheap)”。safe安全的;funny有趣的;powerful强有力的。

5.A.love B.lack

C.prevention D.division

答案A

解析从后文“wearealwayslookingforwaystosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier”可知,我们对于一次性产品的喜爱(love)是我们制造太多垃圾的另一个原因。lack缺乏;prevention阻止;division分开,分割。

6.A.sensitive B.kind

C.brave D.busy

答案D

解析从后文的“tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier”可知,我们总是很忙碌(busy)。sensitive善解人意的;kind善良的;brave勇敢的。

7.A.donate B.receive

C.produce D.preserve

答案C

解析由主语Companies可知,工厂应该是生产(produce)大量的一次性产品。donate捐赠;receive收到;preserve保存。

8.A.adapts B.returns

C.responds D.contributes

答案D

解析联系空前的“Ourappetitefornewproductsalso”可知,我们对新产品的渴望也导致了(contributesto)这个问题。adapt 适应;return返回;respond回答,回应。

9.A.newer B.stronger

C.higher D.larger

答案A

解析上句中的“newthings”及空后的“withthelatestproducts”都暗示该空填newer。广告说服我们,越新的越好。

10.A.pick up B.pay for

C.hold onto D.throw away

答案D

解析联系后文的“tomakeroomfornewones”可知,我们常常是扔掉(throwaway)有用的物品,去给新的东西腾出地方。pickup捡起,收听,学会;payfor支付;holdonto抓住不放。

11.A.advantages B.purposes

C.functions D.consequences

答案D

解析从下文的“Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.”可知,在全世界我们都可以看到这种一次性的生活方式所带来的后果(consequences)。advantage好处;purpose目的;function功能。

12.A.show B.record

C.decrease D.measure

答案C

解析结合后文的“moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials”可知,是为了减少(decrease)垃圾的数量。show展示;record记录;measure测量。

13.A.technology B.environment

C.consumers D.brands

答案B

解析减少垃圾,回收利用的目的就是保护环境(environment)。

14.A.However B.Otherwise

C.Therefore D.Meanwhile

答案A

解析联系空后的“thisisnotenoughtosolveourproblem”可知,空前后为转折关系,故用However。otherwise否则;therefore因此;meanwhile同时。

15.A.spending B.collecting

C.repairing D.advertising

答案A

解析结合前文“Ourappetitefornewproducts”及后文“Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabits...”可知,我们也需要重新考虑我们的消费(spending)态度了。collect收集;repair修理;advertise做广告。

Ⅸ.应用文写作

假定你是李华,你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信,请他提供作品。信的内容包括:

1.主题:环境保护;

2.展览时间;

3.投稿邮箱:intlphotoshow@gmschool.com。

注意:

1.词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考范文

Dear Peter,

Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show.The theme of the show is environmental protection.It will start from June 15th and last for three weeks.Any student who is interested is welcome to participate.I know you take good pictures and you’ve always wanted to do something for environmental protection.

I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.If you want to join,you can send your photos to intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.

Hope to hear from you soon.

Yours,

Li Hua

Ⅹ.读后续写

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

On a cold windy day,a poor boy tried to pay his way through school (支付学费) by selling goods door to door.Wandering on the street,he was not a successful seller.What’s worse,he found that he only had one dime (一角硬币) left.His empty stomach reminded him constantly that for days he hadn’t eaten anything.He had no choice but to beg for a meal at the next house.

Hesitantly he knocked at the door,thinking about what to say when it opened.However,he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door.“What can I do for you?” asked the young woman.The boy paused for a while,“Would you please give me some...a drink of water?”The boy dared not to look directly into her eyes.She looked at the bony boy and thought he might need something to give him energy so she brought him a glass of milk.His head rising and small hands taking the cup,he drank it up slowly,and then asked,“How much do I owe you?”“You don’t owe me anything,” she replied with a warm smile on her face.“My mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” Deeply moved,he said sincerely,“Then I shall thank you from the bottom of my heart.” As Howard Kelly left that house,he not only felt stronger physically,but it also increased his faith in God and the whole human race.As a matter of fact,he was about to give up and quit before that point.

Years later the young woman became seriously ill.However,the local doctors were unable to give the effective medical treatment.Finally they sent her to a hospital in the big city,where specialists can be called in to cure her rare disease.Among those famous specialists,Dr.Howard Kelly was called in for the consultation(会诊).When he heard the name of the town she came from,a strange light filled his eyes.Immediately,he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.

注意:续写词数应为150左右。

Dressedinhisdoctor’sgown,hewentintoseeher.

Thebillwassenttoherroom. 

参考范文

Dressedinhisdoctor’sgown,hewentintoseeher.He saw her lie on the bed and recognized her at once.Her lovely face looked pale.He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life.From that day on,he gave special attention to her case.Luckily,after a long struggle,the battle was won.Dr.Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval.He looked at it and then wrote something on the side.

Thebillwassenttoherroom.Hesitantly she took it.She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off.Finally she opened it,on the side of which a note caught her attention.She read these words,“Paid in full with a glass of milk.” Signed Dr.Howard Kelly.Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently,“Thank you,God.”