北师大版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 5 Humans and natureLesson 3 Race to the Pole同步练习题

Unit 5 Humans and nature

Part 5　Writing Workshop, Viewing Workshop & Reading Club

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The warning of a possible ________ (余震) kept the people nervous.

2．Take some time to ________ (观察) how you value yourself and what you do.

3．My daughter looked at the pictures in the ________ (小册子) again and laughed.

4．The government has built up another ________ (避难所) for the homeless.

5．The school offers an exciting and ________ (各种各样的) programme of social events.

6．He hit his head against a ________ (金属) bar.

7．It is a ________ (可怕的) ghost story.

8．________ (滑雪运动) is his favourite sport.

9．Last night, I enjoyed a performance full of ________ (独创性)．

10．He mentioned the ________ (消失) of his passport to the manager.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．Have you ________ (observe) any changes in our school lately?

2．It ________ (scare) me to think I was alone in the building at night.

3．The girl watched until the train ________ (disappear) from view.

4．I'm afraid we have to go back to our ________ (origin) plan.

5．Polluted air and water are ________ (harm) to people's health.

Ⅲ.短语填空

hold on to， fall down， be famous for， be home to， be made up of， be based on

1．If you want to be famous, you must ________________ your dream.

2．The basket is full of eggs; don't let it ________________________.

3．The writer ________________ his works.

4．The medical team ________________ five doctors and ten nurses.

5．The report ________________ the analysis of these problems.

6．China ________________ pandas.

Ⅳ.完成句子

1．这个小岛是各种野生动植物的家园。

The small island ________________ a variety of wild animals and plants.

2．新西兰由南岛和北岛两个主要岛屿组成。

New Zealand ________________ two main islands, the North Island and the South Island.

3．我学会了自己独立照顾小妹妹。

I have learned to ________________ my baby sister on my own.

4．憨豆先生因他在电影中滑稽的表演风格而出名。

Mr Bean ________________ his funny acting style in the movies.

Ⅰ.阅读

A

Old tennis balls are being used in an unusual way to help us learn more about one of the rarest mammals (哺乳动物) in the country.

Harvest mice are only about 2 inches (5 cm) long. This spring and summer, wildlife experts are encouraging people to report sightings of harvest mice so that records can be built up about numbers and locations can be made.

Meadows and grassland are animals' traditional homes but as farming methods' change over time, the habitats are being lost and numbers are thought to be declining.

Old tennis balls, complete with penny­sized holes, make a strong and popular choice of home for the mice and around 200 are available for surveyors to distribute and monitor, after being donated by a local tennis club.

The project, supported by the Leicestershire County Council, is thought to be the biggest of its kind ever run in Leicestershire.

County Council wildlife expert, Helen O'Brien, said, “Little is known about the creatures' present situation locally so we need people to look in tall grass and fields and send in their information. The information will help us track numbers and tell us where we need to focus our attention to safeguard (保障) their future.”

Anyone interested in getting involved (参与), can pick up tips and learn more about harvest mice on a training day. This is taking place between 7：30 p．m and 9：30 p．m on Monday, 14th June at the County Council's Environmental Resource Centre in Birsall. People living in Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland can get involved with the survey or book a place on the training day by calling Gareth Price at 0116­267­1950.

1．According to the passage, old tennis balls are ________.

A．seriously polluting harvest mice's homes

B．being used to kill harmful animals in the fields

C．being provided for harvest mice as homes

D．being collected to raise money to save animals

2．The Leicestershire County Council needs local people to ________.

A．donate food for harvest mice

B．keep harvest mice as pets at home

C．raise more cats to kill harvest mice

D．collect information about harvest mice

3．We learn from the last paragraph that ________.

A．the training is going to be provided on July 14

B．the training about harvest mice will last two hours

C．only people living in Leicester shire can get involved

D．Gareth Price will be the trainer on the training day

4．What is the best title for the passage?

A．Harvest mice like old tennis balls

B．The importance of tennis balls

C．The rarest animal: harvest mice

D．Harvest mice's homes are being lost

B

Children who eat fish once a week sleep better and have higher IQ scores, a new study suggests.

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania in the US said parents should consider simply changing the diets of youngsters rather than pushing them to go to bed.

Previous studies have shown that the omega­3 fatty acids found in fish can improve intelligence and sleep, and that better sleep improves IQ. But it is the first time that all three have been linked together.

The scientists believe that it may be that the improved sleep produced by omega­3 is what is raising IQ rather than the fatty acids themselves.

“Doing_that could be a lot easier than pushing children about going to bed. If the fish improves sleep, that is great. If it also improves cognitive performance, like we've seen here, that is even better. It's a double hit，” said Professor Adrian Raine.

For the study, the researchers asked 541 school children aged between nine and eleven to fill in surveys about how much fish they ate, and then measured their IQ. Their parents were then asked about the quality of sleep.

The team found that children who reported eating fish weekly scored 4.8 points higher on the IQ exams than those who said they seldom or never consumed fish. Those whose meals sometimes included fish scored 3.3 points higher.

In addition, increased fish consumption was associated with fewer disturbances of sleep, which the researchers say indicates better overall sleep quality.

The researchers recommend starting children on fish by at least the age of two then gradually adding more fish into the diet over time.

Dr Jennifer Pinto­Martin added, “It adds to the growing body of evidence showing that fish consumption has really positive health benefits and should be something more heavily advertised and promoted. Children should be introduced to it early on. Introducing the taste early makes it more palatable (可口的). It really has to be a concerted (协调的) effort, especially in a culture where fish is not as commonly served or smelled. Children are sensitive to smell. If they're not used to it, they may shy away from it.”

5．According to the scientists, what improves intelligence?

A．Acid.  B．Sleep.

C．Omega­3s.  D．Sleep and Omega­3s.

6．What does “Doing that” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A．Doing the research.

B．Improving intelligence.

C．Feeding children on fish.

D．Improving omega­3s in fish.

7．What can we learn from the study?

A．541 people participated in the surveys.

B．Eating fish helps improve children's sleep quality.

C．Eating fish benefits children aged between nine and eleven.

D．Those eating fish occasionally have higher IQ than those eating fish weekly.

8．In Dr Jennifer Pinto­Martin's opinion, children should consume fish as ________ as possible.

A．little  B．much

C．early  D．often

C

On a day in Arkansas, some fishermen saw a bear cub (幼兽) in a tree. As hours went by, its mother didn't return. So they called wildlife biologist (生物学家) Eastridge.

The bear cub was sick and hungry, weighing only 5 pounds with his eyes not completely open. Eastridge called Lisa Stewart, who works at Appalachian Bear Rescue in Tennessee. Stewart always makes room for a new cub.

She named the bear Miracle because she thought it was a miracle that he had survived! As soon as she could, she stopped having contact with the cub so he would not become too used to humans. When the cub arrived, Stewart cleaned his eyes and put him in a house alone. Since Miracle was already 5 months old, Stewart gave him bowls of food and another bowl of a special formula (配方奶), similar to a bear mother's milk. Sometimes, Miracle would reach his head out of his house and take some formula or food. But he didn't eat too much.

Miracle was too weak to be with other bears. So Stewart gave him a toy bear named Buddy. He took it into his house and covered it with straw (稻草). He fed Buddy, too. Stewart often found the toy covered in formula and berries and its ears full of apple chunks. Now that Miracle had Buddy, he came out of his house more often and wanted to eat.

After two months, Stewart introduced Miracle to other bears so that they could learn from one another. She avoided any direct contact with Miracle and the other bears. Stewart wanted to make sure they stayed afraid of humans so they could go back into the wild again. She always hid behind a fence (栅栏) and threw food over the top secretly. The bears hunted for this food as they would soon do in the wild.

Five months later, Rick Eastridge returned to pick up a healthy 90­pound Miracle and another bear from Arkansas named Rocky. Eastridge loaded the bears into boxes on his truck and transported them back to the wild. As soon as the bear boxes were opened, the two cubs ran to the woods—where they belonged.

9．A toy bear was given to Miracle in order to ________.

A．remind him not to waste his food

B．kill his lonely time in his house

C．develop his skills of making friends

D．rid Miracle of his fear of humans

10．Why did Stewart always give food to Miracle in secret?

A．Because he could learn how to find food in the wild.

B．Because he was too weak to be frightened by humans.

C．Because a good relationship could be developed.

D．Because she didn't want to disturb his peaceful life.

11．What is the best title for this passage?

A．An Unusual Bear  B．The Growth of Miracle

C．Rescuing  Miracle  D．Contacting  Miracle

Ⅱ.七选五

We all know the importance of curiosity, and here are some tips on how to develop it.

Keep an open mind. This is essential if you are to have a curious mind. Be open to learning, unlearning, and relearning things. __1__ Therefore, you should be prepared to accept this possibility and change your mind.

__2__ Most people just accept the world as it is. This way,  they will certainly lose the “holy curiosity”. Try to dig deeper beneath the surface of what is around you. A sure way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions. What, why, when, who, where, and how are the questions curious people always ask.

Don't label anything as boring. Whenever you label something as boring, you close one more door of possibilities. Curious people are unlikely to consider things boring. __3__ Even if they don't yet have time to explore them, they will leave the door open to be visited another time.

Take learning as something fun. If you see learning as a burden, there's no way you will want to  dig deeper into anything. That will just make the burden heavier. However, if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper. __4__

Read diverse materials. It will introduce you to the possibilities and excitement of other worlds which may attract your interest in exploring further. One easy way to do this is through reading diverse materials. __5__ It'll feed your mind with the excitement of a new world.

A．Never take things as granted.

B．Don't spend too much time on just one world.

C．Try to pick a book or magazine on a new subject.

D．Some things you know and believe might be wrong.

E．It doesn't matter that you don't agree to others' opinions.

F．Instead, they always see these things as a door to an exciting new world.

G．So look at life through the glasses of fun and enjoy the learning process.

Ⅲ.语法填空

Also 1.________ (know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”， New Year paintings  are 2.________ unique art form in Chinese folk culture. The paintings are called “New Year paintings” because they are 3.________ (most) posted during the Chinese New Year holiday 4.________ decoration and they are also a symbol of New Year's greetings.

New Year paintings 5.________ (appear) around the Tang dynasty, replacing the previous door pictures 6.________ (feature) the gods believed to be able to protect the residents and drive away ghosts. In the Song dynasty, New Year paintings were created on a large scale. With the advancement of printing technology, the content and forms of New Year paintings became 7.________ (diversity). The development of the paintings matured in the Ming and Qing dynasties, 8.________ the art hit its heyday (全盛期)．

Traditional printing 9.________ (method) of New Year paintings include woodblock printing, stone­block  printing, offset (胶印) printing, traditional Chinese painting, watercolor painting and sketches etc. Woodblock printed New Year paintings 10.________ (be) the most popular and interesting ones.

Ⅳ.应用文写作

当今世界地震频发，房倒屋塌、人员伤亡的现象时有发生。如何才能避免伤亡、把损失降到最低呢？假如你是李华，请给你的美国朋友Tom写一封信，简要谈一下你面对地震时的具体做法。

要求：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯；

3．开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。

Dear Tom，

An earthquake may hit our area at any time. Do you know what to do in an earthquake？________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

Yours，

Li Hua

Part 5　Writing Workshop, Viewing  Workshop & Reading Club

必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．aftershock　2.observe　3.brochure　4.shelter　5.varied

6．metal　7.scary　8.Skiing　9.originality　10.disappearance

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．observed　2.scared　3.disappeared　4.original　5.harmful

Ⅲ.短语填空

1．hold on to　2.fall down　3.is famous for　4.is made up of

5．is based on　6.is home to

Ⅳ.完成句子

1．is home to　2.is made up of　3.take care of　4.is famous for

关键能力综合练

Ⅰ.阅读

A

【语篇解读】　巢鼠在英国的数量正在减少，英国人想了一个办法来保护它们：向它们提供挖了小洞的旧网球，让它们筑巢用。

1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段“Old tennis balls...make a strong and popular choice of home for the mice”可知，旧网球是给巢鼠筑巢用的。

2．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段“wildlife experts are encouraging people to report...”和第六段“so we need people to...”可知，Leicestershire的郡议会需要人们收集有关巢鼠的信息。

3．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“harvest mice on a training day. This is taking place between 7：30 p．m. and 9：30 p．m.”可知，培训将进行两个小时。

4．答案与解析：A　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了在英国，为了保护巢鼠，人们向它们提供挖了小洞的旧网球作巢穴，故A作为标题最合适。

B

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，鱼的摄入改善了孩子们的睡眠质量，改善睡眠后也提升了智力水平。

5．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段“The scientists believe that it may be that the improved sleep produced by omega­3 is what is raising IQ rather than the fatty acids themselves.”可知，科学家们认为欧米伽­3脂肪酸使睡眠得以改善，改善后的睡眠提升了智力水平。

6．答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。该句与第二段“...parents should consider simply changing the diets of youngsters rather than pushing them to go to bed.”的意思一致，由此可以判断Doing that指“给孩子吃鱼”。

7．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第八段“In addition, increased fish consumption was associated with fewer disturbances of sleep, which the researchers say indicates better overall sleep quality.”可知，鱼的摄入改善了孩子们的睡眠质量。本题易误选A项。但从第六段可以看出，参加调查的除了541个孩子，还有他们的家长。

8．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Children should be introduced to it early on. Introducing the taste early makes it more palatable (可口的)．”可知，给孩子摄入鱼类应该尽早，以防孩子对味道不接纳。

C

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只被母亲遗弃的小熊，小熊的身体很虚弱，在Stewart的照顾下，小熊被拯救了过来，并且重新回到大自然。

9．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中Miracle was too weak to be with other bears. So Stewart gave him a toy bear named Buddy.可知，Miracle太虚弱了，不能和其他熊待在一起。于是Stewart给了它一只名叫Buddy的玩具熊来消磨寂寞的时间。

10．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中She always hid behind a fence (栅栏) and threw food over the top secretly. The bears hunted for this food as they would soon do in the wild.可知，Stewart总是躲在栅栏后面扔食物，小熊们像在野外一样捕食食物。所以Stewart这样做是为了锻炼小熊，使它能在野外找到食物。

11．答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。本文讲述了一只被母亲遗弃的小熊，小熊的身体很虚弱，在Stewart的照顾下，小熊被拯救了过来，并且重新回到了大自然。整篇文章是围绕着营救小熊Miracle展开的，故选C。

Ⅱ.七选五

【语篇解读】　好奇心非常重要，本文为我们介绍了一些培养好奇心的建议。

1．答案与解析：D　根据上文的relearning things和下文的Therefore, you should be prepared to accept this possibility and change your mind.可知，D项“你了解和相信的一些事情有可能是错的”符合语境。

2．答案与解析：A　根据下文的Most people just accept the world as it is. This way, they will certainly lose the “holy curiosity”．可知，A项“不要把一切都想当然”符合语境。

3．答案与解析：F　根据上文的Curious people are unlikely to consider things boring.可知，接下来会讲他们实际是怎么想的，故F项“相反，他们总是把这些事情看作通往一个令人兴奋的新世界的一扇门”符合语境。

4．答案与解析：G　由本段的主题句Take learning as something fun.以及接下来对将学习当作负担和将学习当作乐趣两种不同心态的对比可得出结论：因此透过快乐的眼镜来看生活，享受学习的过程。故选G项。抓住关键词fun和learning。

5．答案与解析：C　上文的One easy way to do this is through reading diverse materials中的关键信息为diverse materials，C项刚好是对这一关键信息的进一步步解释。

Ⅲ.语法填空

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的传统文化艺术之一——年画的用途、起源和分类，彰显了中国元素。

1．答案与解析：known　考查非谓语动词。be known as“作为……而知名”，故填known。

2．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。年画是中国民间文化中的一种独特的艺术形式。此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词。unique的发音是以辅音音素开头的，故用a。

3．答案与解析：mostly　考查副词。因为它们通常都在春节期间作为装饰画被张贴的。修饰谓语动词用副词。mostly“通常，多半，大部分”。

4．答案与解析：for　考查介词。此处表示目的，故用介词for。

5．答案与解析：appeared　考查动词的时态。年画大约起源于唐代，表示过去发生的动作，故使用一般过去时。

6．答案与解析：featuring　考查非谓语动词。代替先前的以神为特色的门画。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰door pictures。door pictures与feature之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故填动词的­ing形式作定语，feature在此处是动词，意为“以……为特色”。

7．答案与解析：diverse　考查形容词。在本句的系表结构中，作表语的应是形容词。diverse“多种多样的”。

8．答案与解析：when　考查定语从句。年画在明清时期走向成熟，达到鼎盛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。

9．答案与解析：methods　考查名词复数。从后文可知，年画的制作工艺有很多种，故填method的复数形式。

10．答案与解析：are　考查主谓一致和时态。木版年画最为盛行，也最有趣。由主语paintings可知，谓语动词应使用复数。且此处是对客观情况的陈述，应用一般现在时。

Ⅳ.应用文写作

One possible version：

Dear Tom，

An earthquake may hit our area at any time. Do you know what to do in an earthquake? Let me tell you.

During an earthquake, if you are outside, you must stay in the open air and keep away from buildings, trees and other dangerous things. If you are inside, you must stay in a corner, or get under a desk or a table. If you are driving a car, you must quickly drive to the side of the road and stop it. If you are trapped in the ruins, please be calm and wait for the rescue team for help.

Do you think I am right? Looking forward to your reply.

Yours，

Li Hua