北师大版高中英语必修第一册单元综合检测1unit 1 life choices含答案
展开单元综合检测(一)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
If you have a chance to go to school in America，you should keep the following in mind：
If a teacher asks you a question，you are expected to give an answer.If you do not understand the question，you should raise your hand and ask the teacher to repeat the question.It is all right to tell your teacher that you do not know the answer.Then he or she knows what you need to learn.
There is no excuse for not doing your homework.If you are absent，you should call your teacher or your classmates and ask for the homework.It is your responsibility to find out what homework you have missed.
It is impolite to eat，drink or chew gum during class.This is allowed for the break.Removing one's shoes in the classroom is also impolite.
You must not be absent on a test day.If you are seriously ill，you must call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test.If your teacher allows a makeup(补考)，you should take it within one or two days after returning to class.
It is rude to be late.If you have to come in late，be sure to do it quietly by having your books and papers out of your bag，then go to your seat and sit very quietly.In the US，it is not necessary to knock before you enter the classroom.Most teachers will give you a low grade if you are often late.
Copying another student's test or paper is never acceptable.It is called cheating.Students who cheat are kicked out in most schools.
【语篇解读】 提及学校生活，你可能有很多话要说。但美国的学校又有哪些规章制度呢？让我们从文中一探究竟吧。
1．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce some American classroom customs.
B．To explain how to communicate with others in America.
C．To introduce some social manners in America.
D．To help you learn more about American culture.
A [写作意图题。文章主要谈到了课堂上回答问题、 做作业、 课堂不当行为、 考试、 迟到等几个方面的问题， 由此可见A项切题。]
2．According to the passage，which of the following is considered the most serious fault?
A．Being absent from a test without a reason.
B．Not finishing the homework on time.
C．Cheating in exams.
D．Fighting with your classmates.
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知， 考试作弊能导致学生被开除这一结果， 由此可推知C项切题。]
3．According to the passage，you can have a makeup once ．
A．you have paid the fee for the makeup
B．you have got an agreement of the teacher
C．there is a test two days after the former one
D．you happen to have something to do on the test day
B [细节理解题。由第五段第三句 “If your teacher allows a makeup(补考)．..”可知答案为B。]
4．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．If you miss a class，call your teacher or your classmates to find out the homework.
B．Teachers in the US don't like students' being often late.
C．Eating and drinking during the break are considered rude.
D．It is considered rude to keep silent when asked a question.
C [细节理解题。根据第四段的 “It is impolite to eat，drink or chew gum during class.This is allowed for the break.” 可知C项切题。]
B
It is hard to say the first day of school in the United States because when the first day of school is and what happens on the first day of school usually are different by districts (地区)．
The first day of school for many school districts in different states is on the day after the first Monday in September.In some other school districts, school begins in midtolate August.For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in midAugust and schools in Cleveland, Ohio start back usually one week before the first Monday in September.The Boston, Chicago, New York City and San Diego schools start back on the Tuesday or Wednesday after the first Monday in September.
Schools in Cleveland, Ohio used to start the school year on the day after the first Monday in September, but in the 1976－1977 and 1977－1978 academic years, the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms, extremely cold.In the 1978－1979 school year, the Ohio Department of Education moved the start of the year to late August, one week before the first Monday in September.This went into effect in the 1980－1981 school year.
In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts between August 25 and August 30, and goes until the last week of May or the first week in June next year.
In American high schools, the freshmen class usually goes back one or two days before the rest of the school body for an orientation (迎新) period.An orientation period helps the freshmen get familiar with their new school, its rules, and surroundings.
In some schools, the freshmen classes have their photographs taken for identification purposes.Some high schools have tried to make the first week of school fun for incoming freshmen.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。美国开学第一天的日期没有明文规定，因地区而异。
5．According to the passage, which schools start their school year the earliest?
A．Schools in Denver.
B．Schools in Cleveland.
C．Schools in New York City.
D．Schools in Boston.
A [细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“For example，the Denver，Colorado schools go back in midAugust”可知，丹佛的学校在八月中旬开学，开学最早。]
6．Why did the Ohio Department of Education change the start of the school year?
A．Because of some political events.
B．Because of the entrance examinations.
C．Because of the increasing number of students.
D．Because of the extreme weather.
D [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“but in the 1976－1977 and 1977－1978 academic years，the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms，extremely cold”可知俄亥俄州学校的学年受到暴风雪的影响，因而开学日发生了变化。]
7．How many months does the school year last in schools in Utah?
A．About seven months.
B．About eight months.
C．About nine months.
D．About ten months.
C [推理判断题。从文章第四段中犹他州的学年从八月底到来年的五月底或六月初推断，一学年大约有九个月。]
8．The article is probably taken from ．
A．a book about one's life story
B．an official website of education
C．an advertisement in a newspaper
D．a sports magazine
B [推理判断题。通读全文可知，本篇文章讲的是有关美国学校开学第一天的日期，应属教育类，故选B项。]
C
When I was about 12，I had an enemy，a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings (缺点)．Week by week her list grew：I was very thin，I wasn't a good student，I talked too much，I was too proud，and so on.I tried to hear all this as long as I could.At last，I became very angry.I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly，then he asked.“Are the things she says true or not? Janet，didn't you ever wonder what you're really like? Well，you now have that girl's opinion.Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true.Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me.To my great surprise，I discovered that about half the things were true.Some of them I couldn't change (like being very thin)，but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change.For the first time I went to a fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy.He refused to take it.“That's just for you，” he said.“You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself.But you have to learn to listen，not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt.When something said about you is true，you'll find it will be of help to you.Our world is full of people who think they know your duty.Don't shut your ears.Listen to them all，but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”
Daddy's advice has returned to me at many important moments.In my life，I've never had a better piece of advice.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了作者被一个女孩说自己的缺点，那一天她哭着去找爸爸，爸爸让她所做的事是要敢于面对自己的缺点的故事。
9．What did the father do after he had heard his daughter's complaint?
A．He told her not to pay any attention to what her “enemy” had said.
B．He criticized (批评) her and told her to overcome her shortcomings.
C．He told her to write down all that her “enemy” had said about her and pay attention only to the things that were true.
D．He refused to take the list and have a look at it.
C [细节理解题，由第二段的最后两句“Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true.Pay no attention to the other things she said.”可知，爸爸让女儿写下小女孩说的并且接受事实，所以选C。]
10．What does “Week by week her list grew” mean?
A．Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me.
B．She had made a list of my shortcomings and she kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer.
C．I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.
D．Week by week，my shortcomings grew more serious.
A [句意猜测题，由画线句后“I was very thin，I wasn't a good student，I talked too much，I was too proud，and so on.”可知，随着时间的流逝，她发现作者的缺点越来越多，所以选A]
11．Why did her father listen to her quietly?
A．Because he believed that what her daughter's “enemy” said was mostly true.
B．Because he had been so angry with his daughter's shortcomings that he wanted to show this by keeping silent for a while.
C．Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment.
D．Because he wasn't quite sure which girl was telling the truth.
A [推理判断题，由第二段“He listened to me quietly，then he asked.‘Are the things she says true or not? Janet，didn't you ever wonder what you're really like? Well，you now have that girl's opinion.’”可知，爸爸认为这个女孩说的是真的，所以选A。]
12．Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?
A．Not an Enemy，but the Best Friend
B．The Best Advice I've Ever Had
C．My Father
D．My Childhood
B [标题归纳题。本文的主要意思是“爸爸对自己的女儿说要敢于面对自己的缺点，这是作者一生听到最好的建议”，所以选B。]
D
Waste can be seen everywhere in the school.Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom.They say they can afford these things.But I don't agree with them.
Waste can bring a lot of problems.Although China is rich in some resources，we are short of others，for example，fresh water.It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years.So if we go on wasting our resources，what can we use in the future and where can we move? Think about it.I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day.Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our everyday life，we can do many things to prevent waste from happening，for example，turn off the water taps when we finish washing，turn off the lights when we leave the classroom，try not to order more food than we need，and so on.Little by little，everything will be changed.Waste can be stopped one day if we do our best.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了浪费现象随处可见，浪费给我们带来了许多问题。我们要对浪费说不，在日常生活中要采取行动阻止浪费发生。
13．What may happen in 100 years?
A．We may still have enough oil.
B．We may still have enough coal.
C．We may have a little oil.
D．We may have no coal or oil to use.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years.”可知，据报道100年以后就没有了可以利用的煤和石油了。故选D。]
14．Which of the following is right?
A．Waste brings problems.
B．Waste can bring no problem.
C．China is rich in fresh water.
D．Students never waste things.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Waste can bring a lot of problems.”可知，浪费会带来许多麻烦。故选A。]
15．Which is the best title of this passage?
A．Stop Wasting
B．School Life
C．Waste in the School
D．Rich Resources in China
A [标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句“Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.”可知，每个人都要尽可能的停止浪费。由第三段最后一句“Waste can be stopped one day if we do our best.”可知，如果我们努力，总有一天浪费会被阻止。故选A。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make Small Talk
There's nothing small about small talk.Many great friendships and relationships have started with small talk.Small talk helps you build a meaningful relationship with a person. 16 If you want to know how to master small talk，just follow these steps.
17 If you want to make a person feel comfortable，the best thing to do is to have an “open attitude” and to direct your body toward that person without being too forceful.Just make eye contact，don't cross your arms，and face your shoulders toward that person.This will make the person feel like you're giving him all of your attention.
Put away your phone.There's nothing more annoying than talking to a person who is constantly checking his cell phone.
Though you should look eager to talk to the person，don't look too eager.Don't lean so close that you scare him away. 18
Give a friendly greeting.If you're seeing someone you already know，just say hello and greet her by her name，“Hi，Jen，it's good to see you.” 19 If you don't know the person，introduce yourself first so you feel more confident and in control of the conversation.
20 Just a simple“I love your shoes—where did you get them？” can get you into a fun conversation about shoe shopping.Even if the praise doesn't lead anywhere，it will still make the person feel more appreciated before you start discussing other subjects.
A．Have friendly body language.
B．Focus your attention on their shoes.
C．It also benefits you in the professional world.
D．Many people are turned off by a closetalker.
E．Start with small praise.
F．You will feel uncomfortable when close to others.
G．This is simple and direct and lets the person know you're excited to talk.
【语篇解读】 闲聊是一种重要的交际活动，它有助于人们与他人建立起一段有意义的关系，但是闲聊也需要技巧。
16．C [上文谈到了“small talk helps you build a meaningful relationship”，C项中“also benefits you in the professional world”与此照应，故选C项，说明闲聊的益处。]
17．A [从文章篇章结构分析，本空应选择一个主题句。下文中的“eye contact”以及“don't cross your arms”等都是肢体语言，因此选A项“要有友好的肢体语言”。]
18．D [上文中的“Don't lean so close that you scare him away”表明不要过分地靠近他人，D项“近距离交谈者会使许多人感到厌烦”承接上文，故选D项。]
19．G [上文举例说明，遇到认识的人要主动向他人问候，G项中的This指代上文的例子，“lets the person know you're excited to talk”说明向他人打招呼的好处。]
20．E [这是尾段的主题句。尾段举的例子“I love your shoes”是对他人的赞美，且下文“Even if the praise”中的praise也是提示，故选E项。]
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Fire! Fire! ” What terrible words to hear when I 21 in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large， 22 house—the sort that burns easily—and my room was on the top floor.I jumped out of bed，opened the door and stepped out into the passage.It was full of 23 ．
I began to 24 ， but as I was still only half awake，instead of going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction.The smoke grew thicker and I found it hard to 25 ．The floor became 26 under my feet.I ran into another room and tried to reach the window for fresh air.Suddenly，one of my feet got caught in something 27 and I fell down.The thing I had fallen over felt like a package of clothes，and I picked it up to protect my 28 from the smoke and heat.Just then the floor broke under me and I fell through to the floor below with pieces of 29 wood all around me.
30 ， there was a doorway in front，so I put the package over my face and ran.My feet were terribly burned，but I 31 ．As I reached the cold air outside，my package of clothes gave a 32 ．I nearly dropped it in my surprise.Then I saw there were many people in the street.A woman screamed(尖叫)as she saw me and came running 33 ．
“My baby! My baby! ”she cried.Those people cheered loudly 34 she took the smokeblackened package out of my arms.I almost failed to see who she was—my boss's wife.I had 35 her baby，and I became a hero!
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己经历的一次火灾。
21．A.hung up B．called back
C．woke up D．turned back
C [逻辑推理题。由该空后的“in the middle of the night”以及下文的“I jumped out of bed”可知， 作者听到有人喊“着火了！ 着火了！ ”就“醒来(wake up)”了。]
22．A.clean B．empty
C．strong D．wooden
D [逻辑推理题。由该空后的“the sort that burns easily”可知， 这是一座很大的“木制(wooden)”房屋。]
23．A.water B．smoke
C．books D．toys
B [词汇复现题。下文的“The smoke grew thicker”是提示。]
24．A.run B．play
C．talk D．read
A [逻辑推理题。作者发现房屋失火后， 开始准备逃离， 故填run。]
25．A.sleep B．work
C．hear D．breathe
D [背景常识题。由该空前的“The smoke grew thicker”可知， 烟雾越来越浓， 所以作者感到“呼吸(breathe)”困难。]
26．A.hard B．hot
C．cold D．dirty
B [逻辑推理题。由于大火， 作者脚下的地板也“热(hot)”起来了。]
27．A.wet B．boring
C．soft D．dangerous
C [逻辑推理题。由下文的“The thing...felt like a package of clothes”可知， 作者的一只脚被一个“软软的(soft)”东西绊了一下。]
28．A.hands B．arms
C．back D．face
D [背景常识题。作者把它捡起来遮住“脸(face)”， 以此来挡住烟雾和热气。]
29．A.burning B．growing
C．green D．light
A [背景常识题。由于房屋是木质结构的， 所以这里是说一块块“燃烧着的(burning)”木板。]
30．A.Strangely B．Naturally
C．Luckily D．Recently
C [逻辑推理题。由该空后的“there was a doorway in front”可知， 作者感到非常“幸运(luckily)”， 逃生有望了。]
31．A.gave up B．set off
C．looked around D．got through
D [逻辑推理题。由下文的“I reached the cold air outside”可知， 尽管作者的脚被严重地烫伤， 但还是“冲出来(get through)”了。]
32．A.role B．cry
C．task D．lesson
B [逻辑推理题。由下文的“I nearly dropped it in my surprise”和“baby”等信息可知， 从作者手里的那捆衣服里传出了“哭声(cry)”。]
33．A.madly B．slowly
C．carefully D．patiently
A [背景常识题。由下文的“‘My baby! My baby！’she cried”．可知， 这位妇女看到自己的孩子被救出来， “发疯(madly)似地”跑了过来。]
34．A.if B．once
C．as D．unless
C [语法结构题。“当(as)”她从作者手中接过那个被烟熏黑的包裹时， 人们欢呼了起来。]
35．A.hurt B．saved
C．killed D．punished
B [逻辑推理题。由下文的“I became a hero”可知， 作者“救(save)”了她的孩子。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Keeping a diary in English is one of the 36. (use) ways to improve our English writing ability.37. (compare) with other forms of writing，it is shorter and takes less time.It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English.
38. we keep trying this practice，gradually we'll learn how to express
39. (us) in English.In keeping a diary in English，we certainly run up against many difficulties.In 40. first place，it often happens that we have trouble
41. (find) appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind.Secondly，there are many idiomatic(表达方式地道的) ways of say things in Chinese.And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English 42. (proper)．
As far as I know，my 43. (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a ChineseEnglish dictionary within easy reach.Whenever something
44. (trouble) us，we can first put it down in our notebook and then refer to our dictionary.We can also turn to our English teacher for help，if necessary.In short，I believe that it is 45. great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了写日记对提高英语写作水平有很大益处。
36．useful [考查形容词。修饰名词ways用形容词。useful ways“有用的方法”。]
37．Compared [考查固定短语。compared with/to“与……相比”，是固定用法，常在句中作状语。]
38．If [考查连词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处应用if引导条件状语从句。]
39．ourselves [考查反身代词。express oneself“表达自己的思想感情”，是固定短语，所以填反身代词ourselves。]
40．the [考查冠词。从后面的Secondly可以判断出这里要表示顺序，所以first前用定冠词。]
41．finding [考查固定搭配。have trouble(in) doing sth.“做某事有麻烦/困难”，是固定搭配。]
42．properly [考查副词。修饰动词短语put...into应用副词。]
43．suggestion [考查名词。空前有形容词性物主代词，所以要填名词suggestion；而且由is可知要用单数形式。]
44．troubles [考查时态和主谓一致。结合全文的基本时态可知，应用一般现在时；又因空处主语为something，故填troubles。]
45．of [考查介词。“be of＋名词”是固定用法，其意义相当于该名词的同根形容词；be of great use相当于be greatly useful。]
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你叫李华，前两天你收到英国笔友Henry的来信，他在信中介绍了他最喜欢的数学老师Mr.Green，并询问你最喜欢的老师。请根据以上提示，给他写封回信介绍你最喜欢的老师。信中要包含以下要点：
1．最喜欢的老师及他/她所教的科目；
2．你喜欢他或她的理由；
3．他或她帮助你的一次经历与感受。
注意：1.词数80左右， 开头与结尾已经给出， 不计入总词数；
2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry，
I am glad to hear that you get on very well with your maths teacher，Mr.Green.Now I'd like to tell you about my favourite teacher.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Henry，
I am glad to hear that you get on very well with your maths teacher，Mr.Green.Now I'd like to tell you about my favourite teacher.Mr.Gao is my physics teacher.He is the best teacher I have ever had.He is patient and friendly but sometimes strict，too.He can make his lessons lively and interesting.Going to his lessons is something we look forward to.
Physics is not my favourite subject and I find physics is much harder in Senior High school than in Junior High school.I almost wanted to give up.Mr.Gao gave me some advice on how to improve my physics.He even often helps me in his spare time.Now my physics is improving and I have become more confident! I think I am really lucky to have him as my physics teacher.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Once，when I was a teenager，my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus.Finally，there was only one family between us and the ticket counter.
This family made a big impression on me.There were eight children，all probably under the age of twelve.You could tell they didn't have a lot of money.
Their clothes were not expensive，but they were clean.The children were wellbehaved，all of them standing in line，twobytwo behind their parents，holding hands.They were excitedly talking about the clowns，elephants，and other acts they would see that night with their brothers or sisters in a low voice.
One could sense they had never been to the circus before.It promised to be a highlight of their young lives.The father and mother were at the head of the pack，standing hand in hand.
The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted.He proudly responded，“Please let me buy eight children's tickets and two adults' tickets so I can take my family to the circus.”
The ticket lady gave the price.The man's wife let go of his hand，her head dropped，and the man's lips (嘴唇) began to shake.The man leaned a little closer and asked，“How much did you say？”
The ticket lady again gave the price.The man didn't have enough money.
How was he supposed to turn and tell his eight children that he didn't have enough money to take them all to the circus?
Actually we were not wealthy in any sense.So I understood how the kids would feel.I felt sorry for them.
Paragraph 1：
Seeing what was going on，my dad put his hand in his pocket，pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground.
Paragraph 2：
That day my father and I went back to our car and drove home without buying any tickets.
【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
Seeing what was going on，my dad put his hand in his pocket，pulled out a $20 bill and dropped it on the ground.Then he picked it up，tapped the man on the shoulder and said，“Excuse me，sir，this fell out of your pocket.”The man turned around and saw the money.He knew what was going on.He looked into my dad's eyes，took my dad's hand in both of his，and with his lip shaking and a tear running down his cheek，he responded，“Thank you，thank you，sir.This really means a lot to me and my family.”
Paragraph 2：
That day my father and I went back to our car and drove home without buying any tickets.We didn't go to the circus that night.When I asked Dad why he did so，Dad said，“My child，it was a hopeless，heartbreaking and embarrassing situation for a father.Surely he wasn't begging for help，but he reminded me of my father，when I was young.” He stopped for a while，as if wandering in his memory.“We should appreciate what we have got from life and take every opportunity to help others.”We couldn't go to the circus that night，but we felt happy.
