湖南省衡阳市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03补全对话&短文填空

这是一份湖南省衡阳市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03补全对话&短文填空，共12页。试卷主要包含了1415926和3等内容，欢迎下载使用。
补全对话
（2022·湖南衡阳）根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上适当的句子，使对话的意义连贯、完整。
(Kangkang met Michael at the airprt.)
K: Lng time n see, Michael. Did yu have a gd time in yur hmetwn?
M: ____________1____________. I visited many gd friends there. But I’m srry I missed yur birthday party n April 16th.
K: ___________2____________. I had a meaningful birthday. Because n that day, Shenzhu -13 carrying three astrnauts landed safely.
M: Ww, hw exciting! ____________3____________?
K: They are Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.
M: ____________4____________?
K: They have been in space fr 183 days.
M: ___________5____________?
K: They did lts f research there. They als had space-based lectures. By the way, Shenzhu-14 was launched at 10:44 a.m. n June 5th.
M: Amazing! They’re heres!
K: Yu’re right. We Chinese are s prud f them!
（2021·湖南衡阳）
(There will be a class meeting abut the celebratins f the 100th anniversary f the funding f the CPC．Li Hng and Wang Lin are asked t make a reprt abut their favrite scientists in China. Nw they are talking in class )
Li Hng: Hi, Wang Lin, ____6____?
Wang Lin: Yuan Lngping.
Li Hng: ___7 ____?
Wang Lin: Because he helped t feed nearly ne-fifth f the wrld’s ppulatin with less than 9 percent f the wrld’s ttal land. He was hnred as “The Father f Hybrid Rice.”
Li Hng: ____8____?
Wang Lin: Of curse. Thugh he made great cntributins t help feed the wrld, he lived a simple life.
Li Hng: What a great scientist! We Chinese peple are really prud f him.
Wang Lin: ____9____. Unfrtunately, we knw he passed away n May 22nd, 2021.
Li Hng: ____10____! I think we can learn a lt frm him.
（2020·湖南衡阳）Mrs. Wang: Hell, Dr. Liu. This is Mrs. Wang speaking.
Dr. Liu: Hell, Mrs. Wang.____________11____________?
Mrs. Wang: I' m wrried, s I have sme questins t ask yu. As we knw, these days many peple have COVID-19 .____________12____________?
Dr. Liu: First, we shuld exercise ften t build us up. Secnd,___________13___________. Third, we shuld wash hands ften.
Mrs. Wang:____________14____________?
Dr Liu: We must keep away frm crwded peple. We' d better nt g t public places.
Mrs. Wang: Must we g t see a dctr at nce when we have COVID-19?
Dr. Liu: Yes, we must.
Mrs. Wang:______________15______________. Thank yu!
短文填空
（2022·湖南衡阳）根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。
It was snwy and dark n the l____16____ evening f the year. Many peple were getting tgether in their warm hmes. A pr little girl was still walking in the streets with n shes. There were sme matches in her hand.
“Matches, matches!” the little girl cried in a lw vice. N ne heard her when they were passing by. She didn’t sell any matches and n ne gave her a ____17____ (硬币). The wind was blwing strngly and the snw was falling dwn n her lng hair. She felt cld and hungry.
Lights were shining frm every windw. But the little girl was afraid t g hme withut selling ne bx f matches, because her father wuld beat her.
“Ah, a burning match may warm me up!” she thught. She lit three matches. When the matches were burning, she saw a warm stve, a delicius rast gse and a beautiful Christmas tree. But all these disappeared when the flames went ut. Then she lit a ____18____ (第四) match. A kind ld wman was standing there.
“Grandmther!” cried the little girl, “Take me with yu.” Her grandmther smiled and h____19____ the girl in her arms.
On the mrning f the new year, the girl was lying a____20____ the wall, dead!
（2022·湖南衡阳）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A new reprt predicts that by 2050, half f the wrld’s ppulatin (arund 4.8 billin peple) will be shrtsighted. The medical name fr this is mypia (近视). It is als ____21____ (call) nearsightedness.
____22___ we have mypia, we can’t see the things far away frm us. It is true that mre and mre peple have mypia. It’s a bad situatin. Accrding t the data released (发布) by the Natinal Health Cmmissin, China is a big cuntry f mypia, and almst 90 percent ____23____ yung Chinese peple are near-sighted. Children aged between six and ten ____24____ have mypia are mre likely t suffer frm severe mypia in the future. Sme experts make a predictin ____25____ (recent). In the pinin, there will be seven times mre peple with mypia in 2050 than there were in the year 2000.
The researchers say that the number f peple with mypia will increase because f different reasns. Lking at cmputer screens and mbile phnes may be the majr reasn. The increase may have smething t d with lifestyle ____26____ (change). Nw, peple spend ____27____ (little) time utdrs than befre. A science jurnalist says that ____28____ (spend) mre time utdrs in early childhd can reduce the chances f getting mypia. A researcher nce said. “Yu can spend time n cmputers and screens, ____29____ remember t spend tw hurs utdrs every day. That is ____30____ fr yur eyesight.”
（2021·湖南衡阳）根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。
Bicycle riding is gd exercise. It helps peple becme f____31____. Bicycle riding can make the riders’ hearts and lungs strng. It is als gd fr the envirnment because bicycles d nt cause ____31____ (污染).
Bicycles share the rad with cars and trucks. Drivers d nt always ntice bicycles. S bicycle riders must p____33____ attentin t the traffic arund them and knw traffic signals. They must knw and bey the safety r____34____ . They must wear helmets t prtect their heads. If they ride at night, they shuld have lights n the bicycle r wear light-clred clthes. In case f an accident, bicycle riders shuld knw hw t give first aid. If an injury is serius, they must call 120 fr help. In a wrd, the best way t be safe is t be ___35____ (小心的).
（2021·湖南衡阳）
Zu Chngzhi was ne f the greatest mathematicians(数学家) in ancient China. He was brn during the Nrthern and Suthern ____36____ ( dynasty). Frm a yung age, Zu was taught natural science, astrnmy(天文学), math and s n. The little by was ___37____ ( interest) in all f these subjects, especially in ___38____ .
Zu was best knwn fr his calculatin(计算) f pi (π). Accrding t the recrd, he did all the wrk using nthing but wden sticks. ___39____ tk him lts f time t wrk ut the value — ____40____ 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. N ne at that time was able t d better than Zu. And nw the achievement is still praised by peple arund the wrld. In rder t remember Zu, sme mathematicians suggest ___41____ (call) pi“Zu Lv”.
Zu was successful nt nly in math, but als in astrnmy. He wrked ut that a year shuld be 365.24281481 days lng and created the Daming Calendar. ____42____ , gvernment fficials at that time did nt agree with Zu. The great mathematician ____43____ saw his calendar put int use. Almst ten years after his ____44____ (die), the new calendar was finally accepted.
Zu was an inventr, t. He nce made a vehicle(车辆) ____45____ carried a pinter (指针). N matter hw the vehicle turned, the pinter always pinted t the suth.
（2020·湖南衡阳）West Lake is suitable fr visiting all year rund. The scenery is different accrding t the weather and seasn.
Spring
Spring ( frm March t May) is the best seasn t visit West Lake. In Spring, green ____46____(leaf) and flwers make West Lake mre beautiful. Lts f visitrs chse t visit West Lake in March and April.
Summer
Summer( frm____47____ t August) is the seasn f Ltus(莲花) flwers. The ltuses attract many peple. “Ltus in the Breeze at Crked Curtyard" (曲院风荷)is ne f the____48____ famus sights f West Lake. It is als the best place t visit in summer. It is an area by the ___49____ (west) bank f the lake. Every summer, there____50____ ( be) hundreds f kinds f beautiful ltuses____51____ are enjyed by millins f visitrs frm hme and abrad.
Autumn
Autumn( frm September t Nvember) is cl at West Lake. In Autumn, the enjyable weather is right fr____52____ ( walk) rund r ging bating n the lake. West Lake is als a ppular place fr enjying the____53____ mn in the sky at the Mid - Autumn Festival.
Winter
Winter( frm December t February) at West Lake is very cld and wet. Smetimes it snws. The snw makes West Lake white and beautiful. “Melting Snw at Brken Bridge" is beautiful scenery in winter. The bridge is famus nt____54____ fr its snwy scenery, but als fr its rmantic tale. It was n the Brken Bridge that Bai Suzhen first met her____55_____( lve), Xu Xian.
（2020·湖南衡阳）Frests are the lungs f the earth. Withut them, it cannt breathe. It needs its frests t remve carbn dixide frm the air and t make xygen. In many cuntries, such as New Zealand, Canada, and Brazil, frests were cut dwn t___56___ (提供)wd t build huses. Cutting dwn trees is h__57___ t human beings,animals and plants. Many yung vlunteers arund the wrld are wrking in their hlidays t plant new trees t replace them.
These yung men and wmen f___58___ many difficulties when they plant new trees. The weather may be very ht and dry r may be very cld and wet. Tree _____59_____(种植者) are changing the wrld. They plant different types f trees s that birds and animals can live in the frests. They b_____60_____that in 50 years their little trees will becme beautiful frests.
参考答案：
Yes, I did
Never mind/It desn’t matter/Nt at all/It’s nthing
Wh are they
Hw lng have they been in space
What did they d there
【解析】
【导语】
本文是凯西询问迈克尔在家乡过得如何，二人还讨论了神舟十三号的三位宇航员的情况。
根据“Did yu have a gd time in yur hmetwn?”和“I visited many gd friends there.”可知，此处应进行肯定回答，故填Yes, I did。
根据“But I’m srry I missed yur birthday party n April 16th.”可知，此处应对对方的道歉表示谅解，故填Never mind/It desn’t matter/Nt at all/It’s nthing。
根据“They are Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.”可知，此处应询问三位宇航员都是谁，故填Wh are they。
根据“They have been in space fr 183 days.”可知，此处应询问三人在太空待了多久，故填Hw lng have they been in space。
根据“They did lts f research there. They als had space-based lectures.”可知，此处应询问三人在太空做了什么，故填What did they d there。
Wh’s yur favrite scientist
Why/Why d yu like him best/Why is he yur favrite scientist
Is he great
I agree with yu/S he is
What a pity
【解析】
【分析】
对话是李红和王林谈论他们最喜欢的中国科学家——袁隆平的内容。
根据“Li Hng and Wang Lin are asked t make a reprt abut their favrite scientists in China”以及“Yuan Lngping.”可知，此处应该是问最喜欢的科学家是谁，故填Wh’s yur favrite scientist。
根据“Because he helped t feed nearly...”可知，这里应该是问原因，为什么最喜欢的科学家是袁隆平，故填Why/Why d yu like him best/Why is he yur favrite scientist。
根据“Of curse. Thugh he made great cntributins t help feed the wrld, he lived a simple life.”可知，此处应该是问袁隆平是不是很伟大，故填Is he great。
根据“What a great scientist! We Chinese peple are really prud f him.”可知，此处应该是说同意对方的评价，故填I agree with yu/S he is。
根据“Unfrtunately, we knw he passed away n May 22nd, 2021.”可知，此处应该是对这个消息感到遗憾，故填What a pity。
May I help yu? / What can I d fr yu?/ What’s wrng?
What shuld we d?
We shuld pen the windw ften and let the fresh air in.
Anything else?
It’s very kind f yu./Yu advice is very helpful.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇以新冠病毒为话题的对话，主要讲述了预防新冠病毒的建议。
根据答语“I' m wrried, s I have sme questins t ask yu. ”，可知此处应是刘医生主动询问王女士遇到了什么问题或哪里不舒服，故答案为May I help yu? / What can I d fr yu?/ What’s wrng?
根据下文的三条建议可知，此处应该是王女士询问避免新冠病毒的措施，故答案为What shuld we d?
根据横线前后的first及third可知，此处应填避免新冠病毒的第二条措施，根据常识可知，开窗通风是避免新冠病毒的有效措施之一，故答案为We shuld pen the windw ften and let the fresh air in.
根据下一句“We must keep away frm crwded peple. We'd better nt g t public places.”，描述的仍然是询问避免新冠病毒的措施，所以此处应问“还有别的措施吗?”，故答案为Anything else?
根据Thank yu，可知此处是王女士夸奖刘医生乐于助人或建议很有用，故答案为It’s very kind f yu./Yu advice is very helpful.
(l)ast
cin
furth
(h)eld
(a)gainst
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇小故事，主要讲述了《卖火柴的小女孩》的故事。
句意：这是一年的最后一个晚上，天又黑又下着雪。根据“On the mrning f the new year”可知，第二天是新年，所以这是今年的最后一个晚上，last“最后的”符合语境，故填(l)ast。
句意：她没有卖掉一根火柴，也没有人给她一枚硬币。cin“硬币”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填cin。
句意：然后她点燃了第四根火柴。furth“第四”，作定语修饰match，故填furth。
句意：她的祖母微笑着把女孩抱在怀里。根据“Her grandmther smiled and girl in her arms.”可知，祖母把女孩抱在怀里，hld“抱住”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(h)eld。
句意：新年的早晨，女孩靠墙躺着，死了！根据“the girl was lying wall”可知，女孩靠墙躺着，against“靠着”符合语境，故填(a)gainst。
called
When
f
that##wh
recently
changes
less
spending
but
gd
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍现今中国近视的情况，并给出相关建议。
句意：它也被称为近视。主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态表示，动词用过去分词形式，故填called。
句意：当我们近视时，我们看不见远处的东西。根据“ have mypia, we can’t see the things far away frm us.”可知，当我们近视时，看不见远处的东西，用when引导时间状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填When。
句意：根据国家卫生健康委员会发布的数据，中国是一个近视大国，近90%的中国年轻人近视。根据“and almst 90 Chinese peple are near-sighted”可知，此处指90%，90 percent f...“90%的……”，故填f。
句意：6至10岁的近视儿童日后更有可能患上严重近视。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用that/wh连接，故填that/wh。
句意：最近一些专家做了一个预测。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填recently。
句意：这种增长可能与生活方式的改变有关。生活方式的改变不止一个，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填changes。
句意：现在，人们在户外的时间比以前少了。根据“than befre”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填less。
句意：一位科学记者表示，儿童早期多在户外活动可以降低患近视的几率。此处在宾语从句中作主语，用动名词形式，故填spending。
句意：你可以花时间在电脑和屏幕上，但记住每天花两个小时在户外。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
句意：这对你的视力有好处。根据“That yur eyesight.”和前文内容可知，每天花两个小时在户外对视力有好处，be gd fr“对……有好处”，故填gd。
(f)it
pllutin
(p)ay
(r)ules
careful
【解析】
【分析】
文章介绍了骑自行车是很好的锻炼，对身体对环境都有好处以及骑车时要注意的事项。
句意：它帮助人们变得健康。根据“Bicycle riding can make the riders’ hearts and lungs strng.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是fit“健康的”，是形容词，作表语，故填(f)it。
句意：这对环境也有好处，因为自行车不会造成污染。pllutin“污染”，是名词，在句中作宾语，故填pllutin。
句意：所以骑自行车的人必须注意周围的交通状况。根据“attentin t the traffic arund them and knw traffic signals”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是pay attentin t“注意”，是固定短语，故填(p)ay。
句意：他们必须知道并遵守安全规则。根据“They must knw and bey the safety”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是rule“规则”，是名词，此处应用复数形式表示所有的交通规则，故填(r)ules。
句意：总之，最好的安全方法是小心。careful“小心”，是形容词，作表语，故填careful。
dynasties
interested
math
It
between
calling
Hwever
never
death
that##which
【解析】
【分析】
此文讲述了祖冲之是一个伟大的数学家，他从小就对数学有独特的天赋，以及他的生平介绍。
句意：他出生于南北朝时期。根据“Nrthern and Suthern”可知，名词应该用复数形式，故填dynasties。
句意：这个小男孩对所有这些科目都很感兴趣，尤其是对数学。此处是be interested in“对……感兴趣”，是固定短语，故填interested。
句意：这个小男孩对所有这些科目都很感兴趣，尤其是对数学。根据“Zu was best knwn fr his calculatin(计算) f pi (π).”可知，他对数学尤其感兴趣，故填math。
句意：他花了很多时间计算出这个值。此处是固定句型It tk sb sme time t d sth，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式。故填It。
句意：他花了很多时间计算出这个值——介于3.1415926和3.1415927之间。结合“3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知，此处指的是between“在……之间”，故填between。
句意：为了记住祖，一些数学家建议称π为“祖率”。suggest ding sth“建议做某事”，故填calling。
句意：不过，当时的政府官员并不同意祖冲之的说法。空格前后表达的是转折关系，且空格后有逗号与后句隔开，应用hwever，故填Hwever。
句意：这位伟大的数学家从未见过他的日历投入使用。根据“Almst ten years after new calendar was finally accepted.”可知，此处说的是从未见日历被使用，故填never。
句意：在他去世近十年后，新日历终于被接受了。空格前有his修饰，空处用名词形式，故填death。
句意：他曾经做过一辆带指针的车。句子是定语从句，先行词是vehicle，指物，在从句中作主语，应用that/which，故填that/which。
leaves
June
mst
western
are
which/that
walking
bright
nly
lver
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讲述了西湖一年四季的美景。
句意：春天，绿叶和鲜花使西湖更加美丽。
考查名词。根据生活常识和句意可知，绿叶应不止一片，所以应用leaf的复数形式leaves，故填leaves。
句意：夏季（六月至八月）是荷花盛开的季节。
考查名词。根据上文Spring ( frm March t May)及下文Autumn( frm September t Nvember)，可知夏季应从六月到八月，June六月，故填June。
句意：“曲院风荷”是西湖最著名的景点之一。
考查形容词最高级的构成。ne f + 形容词最高级+ 名词复数，意为“最……之一”，famus最高级为the mst famus，故填mst。
句意：它是湖西岸的一个地区。
考查形容词。这里要修饰名词bank，所以应用形容词形式，west西方，是名词，其形容词为western，故填western。
句意：每年夏天，这里都有数百种美丽的荷花，受到来自国内外数百万游客的喜爱。
考查主谓一致。there be句型的主语是hundreds f kinds f beautiful ltuses，为复数形式，因此谓语动词应使用复数形式are，故填are。
句意：每年夏天，这里都有数百种美丽的荷花，受到来自国内外数百万游客的喜爱。
考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知先行词为ltuses，表示物，在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。
句意：秋天，宜人的天气适合在湖边散步或划船。
考查动名词。介词fr后应使用动名词walking，故填walking。
句意：西湖也是中秋节赏月的好去处。
考查形容词。根据常识可知，中秋节的月亮是明亮的，bright明亮的，为形容词，故填bright。
句意：这座桥不仅以雪景闻名，而且以其浪漫的故事而闻名。
考查连词的运用。nt nly…but als…为固定短语，意为“不仅……而且……”，故填nly。
句意：白素贞是在断桥上第一次见到她的爱人许仙。
考查名词。形容词性物主代词her修饰名词，lve的名词形式为lver，故填lver。
ffer
harmful
face
planters
believe
【解析】
【分析】
森林是地球的肺，对人类、动物和植物都是有益的，许多年轻的志愿者在假期种植新树，他们相信他们的小树将来会变成美丽的森林。
句意：在许多国家，例如新西兰，加拿大和巴西，森林被砍伐以提供木材建造房屋。
根据汉语提示以及句中“wd t”可知，此处使用动词ffer，ffer sth. t d sth.提供某物做某事；frests是主语，were cut dwn是谓语，此处动词不定式t ffer作目的状语。故填ffer。
句意：砍伐树木对人类、动物和植物都是有害的。
句中is是be动词，所以此处使用形容词；根据上文中“Frests are the lungs f the earth. Withut them, it cannt breathe.”可知，森林是地球的肺，没有它们，地球就不能呼吸，也就是说森林对人类、动物和植物都是有益的，所以砍伐树木对人类、动物和植物都是有害的；harmful是形容词，意为“有害的”。故填harmful。
句意：这些年轻的男女在种植新树时面临许多困难。
根据句中“many difficulties”和下文中“The weather may be very ht and dry r may be very cld and wet.”可知，在他们种植新树的时候，天气可能非常炎热和干燥，也可能非常寒冷和潮湿，这些都是他们需要面对的困难；face是动词，意为“面对，面临”，根据句中plant可知，句中时态为一般现在时，主语是these yung men and wmen，所以此处使用动词原形。故填face。
句意：树木种植者正改变着这个世界。
根据汉语提示可知，此处使用planter；planter是可数名词，根据句中are可知，此处应使用planter的复数形式。故填planters。
句意：他们相信50年后，他们的小树会变成美丽的森林。
根据句中“their little trees will becme beautiful frests”并结合首字母可知，此处使用动词believe，意为“相信”，表示“他们相信50年后，他们的小树会变成美丽的森林”；根据上文中plant可知，时态为一般现在时，所以使用动词原形。故填believe。