初中英语八年级宾语从句讲解和练习（附答案）

这是一份初中英语八年级宾语从句讲解和练习（附答案），共5页。试卷主要包含了什么是宾语？，那什么是宾语从句呢？等内容，欢迎下载使用。
宾语从句（讲练结合）一、什么是宾语？宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。二、那什么是宾语从句呢？用法：用来做宾语的从句叫宾语从句。She      says      that he is her son.主语      谓语       宾语She      says      that    he is her son.主语     谓语     连接词     从句如：I think he is funny.  讲解：He is funny.是个完整的句子，它做 I think的宾语，所以它被叫作宾语从句。请看另一个句子: I like apples and pears.讲解：虽然 apples and pears 做 I like的宾语，但它们不是句子，所以它不是宾语从句。学以致用：请说说下列各句，哪个是宾语从句(T)，哪个不是(F)。I have some photos.(   )    2. He said he was sorry.(   )We think we can help him.(   ) 4. They read books. (   )     三、宾语从句三要素：（1.语序；2.引导词；3.时态）  语序：宾语从句的语序: 陈述句语序主句 + 连接词 + 从主 + 从谓 +  其余成分He asked me    if       he    could use    the telephone.   主句     连接词    从主    从谓         其余成分请判断下列哪个是陈述句的语序，哪个是疑问句的语序．5.where is he (    )       6. who they are (   )7.what he is  (    )      8. which room he lives(    )9. why is she late (    )    10.does it rain (    ) 11. how do you go (    )   12. what time it is(    )技巧点拨：当sb或sth前有be动词或情态动词或助动词时，则该语序为疑问句的语序！ 请选择正确答案:13.Do you know where ___?     A. is the hospital   B. the hospital is14. Can you tell me when ___? A. will the bus arrive  B. the bus will arrive15.. Do you know ___?    A. what his name is    B. what is his name   引导词宾语从句常用的引导词有that, if, whether和疑问词等。(1)that 引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,通常可省略。He told me that he would go to the college.注意：1.如果谓语动词后跟有两个或更多个并列的宾语从句，第二个及以后的that都不可以省略。例如：   He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children liked to read it.2.主语中有it作形式宾语，that不可省。   I think it necessary that he should stay here.3.think, believe, suppose, expect等动词作主句的谓语，且主句的主语是第一人称 I 或we时，宾语从句的否定词not习惯上要转移到主句中，即“否定转移”。 如：I don’t believe that he will do such a silly thing.我相信他不会做如此愚蠢的事。(2)   if 和 whether 引导表示“是否”的宾语从句。I don’t know if there will be a bus at this time.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.虽然if与 whether都有“是否”的意思，但它们的用法还是有区别的。讲解：If 与 whether 都有“是否”的意思，一般情况下可以通用，但下面几种情况只能用 whether，而不能用 if：  与or或 or not连用  Let’s know whether you can come or not.  与带to的不定式连用  I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.  放在介词的后面  I worry about whether I hurt her feelings (3)   疑问词who,what ,how, why, when, where等Do you know who has won the game?Can you tell me what he said just now?We wondered how he could get there.Do you remember why he was late?合成宾语从句：16, The girl asks .    Where does he live ? 17, Nobody knows .   Will it rain tomorrow? 18, Do you know ?    Does he have a son or not ? 19, Can you tell me ?   Whose book is it ?  3.宾语从句的时态：（主现从随意，主过从必过，真理永一现）(1)主句为一般现在时宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态影响，其所用时态应视具体情况而定.如: I think he is right.   （从句用了_________）I know he was late for school.（从句用了_________）I don’t know whether he will come or not.（从句用了_________）I think they were watching TV at that time. (从句用了_________）练习：20.I hear (that) Jim         ( be )  a worker two years ago.   21.I hear (that) Jim             (have) a picnic tomorrow.22.I hear (that) Jim            ( sing ) a popular song now.23.I hear (that) Jim            ( be ) to the Great Wall twice .   (2)当主句为一般过去时，从句要用过去时的某种形式A：一般过去时     B：过去进行时C：过去完成时     D：过去将来时I thought Tom was late for school yesterday. 从句用了_________I knew he was studying at that time.  从句用了_________He told me that he had finished his homework.从句用了__________He asked if he could go there by plane. 从句用了___________练习：24.He said (that) he              (go) to Xi’an tomorrow.25.He said (that) he           (be) ill yesterday .26.He said (that) he                (read)a book at that time.27.He said (that) he           (have) supper already . （3）当从句表达的是客观真理或自然规律时，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时：The teacher told us that the earth is round.He said that spring comes after winter.练习：28.He said (that) the earth           (go) around the sun .29.He said (that) the sun             (rise) in the east.30.He said (that) doing exercise          (be) good for our health . 直奔中考：31.（  ）We don’t know_____         It is said that he was born in Canada.   A. what he is     B. when he was born   C. where he comes from  D. if he lives here 32.（  ）Could you tell me where_____ yesterday?   A. did you go         B. you go     C. you have gone  D. you went  33.（  ）Excuse me, do you know          ?          I'm sorry. I am new here.   A.   where is the nearest bus station   B.   where the nearest bus station is   C.   where the nearest bus station was 34.（  ） Can you hear _______ just now?           A. what did he say      B. what he says         C. what he said           D. he said what  35.（  ） I followed the alien to see where _____.  A. was it going     B. it was going    C. it goes              D. did it go  36.（  ） Did you know the sun ___ bigger than the earth          when you ___ young?       A. was, were    B. is, were           C. are, was   D. was, are 37.（  ） We ___ think they ____ beat us in the sports meet.We’re sure to win.     A. /, won’t               B. /, will       C. don’t, won’t       D. don’t, will  38.（  ）I know ____ he will tell you the story.     A. if     B. that      C. as soon as     D. until 39.（  ） Do you remember ______ at that time?     A. what they are doing           B. they were doing what      C. what were they doing          D. what they were doing 小结：答案：1-4 FTTF5-12:问，陈，陈，陈，问，问，问，陈13-15 BBA16.The girl asks where he lives .17.Nobody knows if it will rain tomorrow .18.Do you know whether he has a son or not?19.Can you tell me whose book it is ?20.was21.will have22.is singing23.has been24.would go25.was 26.was reading27.had had28.goes29.rises30.is31-39：CDBCBBDBD