2021-2022学年天津市河东区高二下学期期中质量检测英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年天津市河东区高二下学期期中质量检测英语试题含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了请将答案填写在答题纸上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年天津市河东区高二下学期期中质量检测英语试题
注意事项：
1.本试卷共100分，考试时间90分钟。
2.请将答案填写在答题纸上。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. An ice cream. B. An icy lake. C. A strong woman.
2. Who is most probably the woman?
A. The man's sister. B. The man's mother. C. The man's teacher.
3. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Buy a new dress. B. Wear high-heeled shoes. C. Have the dress shortened.
4. What docs the man mean in the end?
A. He is fond of reading.
B. He'll think about the woman's offer.
C. He hates playing games.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hospital. B. In a drugstore. C. At home.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。
6. What does David plan to do on the weekend?
A. Meet the woman's sister. B. Find a new apartment. C. Go climbing,
7. What is next to Cindy's apartment?
A. The Wal-Mart. B. The 7-Eleven. C. A movie theater.
8. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Schoolmates. C. Roommates
听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。
9. What does the woman say about the store?
A. It's newly opened.
B. It offers discounts today.
C. It sells more than one brand of phones.
10. How does the woman describe the phone?
A. It operates the fastest.
B. Its camera is excellent.
C. Its screen-to-body ratio is 92%.
11. What can the woman do if the phone is damaged?
A. It depends. B. Return the money. C. Exchange it without hesitation.
听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。
12. Why does the speaker fail to keep his promise?
A He will attend the lecture with others.
B. He has to go on a business trip.
C. He needs to look after an elder.
13. What does the speaker request Sheila to do?
A. Make tape recordings. B. Lend him her notes. C. Treat him to dinner.
14. Who might Sheila be?
A. A student. B. A doctor. C. A professor.
15. What day is it today?
A. Saturday. B. Thursday. C. Wednesday
II.单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Are you going to Tom’s birthday party?
—________I might have to work.
A. Why not? B. Sounds great C. It depends. D. It’s a deal.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你要去参加Tom的生日聚会吗？——看情况，也许我要去上班。A. Why not?为什么不呢？B. Sounds great听起来不错；C. It depends.看情况；D. It’s a deal.说定了。根据后文“I might have to work.”可知，此处用“视情况而定”符合语境。故选C。
2. A big fire almost the small town overnight.
A. wiped out B. took out C. turned out D. helped out
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一夜之间，一场大火几乎烧毁了这个小镇。A. wiped out 消灭，彻底摧毁；B. took out 拿出；C. turned out 结果证明；D. helped out 帮助……摆脱困难。根据句子结构，设空处缺谓语动词。根据句意，小镇在大火中被毁了，成为废墟。wiped out符合语境。故选A项。
3. John shut everybody out of the kitchen he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which B. so that C. even if D. as if
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：约翰把所有人都关在厨房门外，以便他能为聚会准备一个惊喜。A. which连接从句； B. so that以便；C. even if即使；D. as if好像。结合句意可知，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选B项。
4. My topic today is most scientists are researching.
A. that B. where C. when D. what
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我今天的主题是大多数科学家正在研究的。A. that引导表语从句时不作成分，起连接作用；B. where哪里；C. when何时；D. what什么，所……的。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作researching的宾语，表示“大多数科学家正在研究的事情”，应用what引导。故选D项。
5. To help the wild animals survive, we need to preserve their .
A. garbage B. dormitories C. habitats D. antiques
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助野生动物生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。A. garbage垃圾；B. dormitories宿舍；C. habitats栖息地；D. antiques古董。根据“To help the wild animals survive”可知，为了帮助野生动物生存，应是需要保护它们的栖息地。故选C项。
6. Does it matter to you he finished the job on time?
A. how B. what C. which D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他是如何按时完成工作的对你来说有关系吗？A. how如何；B. what什么，所……的；C. which哪一个；D. who谁。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，作真正的主语，从句结构完整，缺少状语，应用连接副词how引导。故选A项。
7. They’re putting up new hotels in order to tourism in these areas.
A. explode B. boost C. restrict D. polish
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们正在开设新的酒店，以促进这些地区的旅游业。A. explode爆炸，激增；B. boost促进，增强；C. restrict限制；D. polish修改，擦光。根据“They’re putting up new hotels”可知，开设新的酒店是为了“促进”旅游业的发展。故选B项。
8. There is still a long way to go. , some progress has been made with no doubt.
A. Nonetheless B. Instead C. Therefore D. Moreover
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：依旧还有很长的路要走。尽管如此，毫无疑问已经取得了一些进展。A. Nonetheless尽管如此；B. Instead反而；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外。根据前句“There is still a long way to go”和后句“some progress has been made with no doubt.”可知，两句间是转折关系，所以Nonetheless符合句意。故选A项。
9. We’ll have to finish the job, .
A. whatever long it takes B. it takes whatever long
C. however long it takes D. long however it takes
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不管花多长时间，我们都必须完成这项工作。however表示“无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，时态遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时，从句的语序应为however+adj./adv.+主语+谓语，whatever引导让步状语从句即可以单独使用也可以修饰名词。故选C项。
10. —Have you made clear when and where the meeting is to be held?
—Not yet.
A. them B. that C. this D. it
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：——你是否明确了会议举行的时间和地点？——还没有。用it充当形式宾语，when and where the meeting is to be held是真正宾语。故选D项。
11. Miss Wang’s devotion teaching has won her great reputation.
A. as B. of C. to D. with
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：王老师对教学的奉献为她赢得了声誉。A. as作为；B. of属于；C. to对于，关于；D. with具有。此处考查one’s devotion to (doing) sth，意为“某人对……的奉献”，为固定搭配。设空处应填介词to。故选C项。
12. he will join us in the basketball match has excited every one of us.
A. What B. That C. Whether D. How
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他将加入我们的篮球比赛，这让我们每个人都感到兴奋。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语动词为has excited，设空处引导主语从句，且成句成分和意义都完整，由连词that引导。故选B项。
13. Undoubtedly, the early years are to a child’s development.
A. timid B. visual C. ambitious D. crucial
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，早年对儿童的发展至关重要。A. timid胆小的；B. visual视力的；C. ambitious有志向的；D. crucial至关重要的。结合常识可知，早年对儿童的发展至关重要。故选D项。
14. Many of these "inventions" have already been for quite some time.
A. in existence B. in advance C. in particular D. in conclusion
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：其中许多“发明”已经存在了相当一段时间。A. in existence存在；B. in advance提前；C. in particular尤其；D. in conclusion总而言之。根据句中的“inventions”和后文的“for quite some time.”可知，存在符合句意。故选A项。
15. —We need three single rooms for the first week in June.
—________ . The hotel is not busy then.
A. I’m afraid not B. No problem C. Don’t bother D. It doesn’t matter
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——六月份第一周我们需要三间单人房。——没问题。那时旅馆不忙。A. I’m afraid not恐怕不行；B. No problem没问题；C. Don’t bother不用麻烦了；D. It doesn’t matter没关系。根据句中“The hotel is not busy then”可知，旅馆在六月份第一周不忙，由此可知，三间单人房的需要是没问题的，“No problem”意为“没问题”，符合语境。故选B项。
III.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
Dr. David Sullivan, pediatric dentist（儿科牙医）, is just wild about teeth. So are some of his____16____. Wild, that is. Really wild.
You see. Dr. David, as many people call him, has some____17____patients. They aren’t the children he____18____sees each day. They’re, well, big and hairy and sometimes weigh more than four hundred pounds. They’re____19____animals.
On most days, Dr. David tends to his human patients, teaching them how to care for their____20____.On some days, however, the Cincinnati Zoo calls with some special work for him to do. Since 1982, Dr. David has volunteered his time performing____21____surgery on many of the animals. This would be a____22____experience for most.
____23____, Dr. David feels differently. “I’m not____24____of the animals,” he says, “I have been around them so much that I'm used to them.” How does a children’s dentist find himself_____25_____the teeth of a black rhino or a monkey? For Dr. David, it was a matter of_____26_____
“When I was a kid in school, the only thing I ever_____27_____to be was a veterinarian（兽医）,”says Dr. David, “I even applied to veterinary school in college.”
But Dr. David soon_____28_____that veterinary work was_____29_____for him. “I volunteered at a veterinarian’s office to get some experience,” he says, “I was_____30_____I couldn’t breathe. My eyes were swollen shut. I had allergy symptoms（过敏症状）.”___31___Dr. David tried pediatric dentistry and found he loved it.
After he became a dentist, Dr. David_____32_____at Children's Hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio. While there, he was asked to help with dental work on some of the_____33_____in the hospital’s research lab. It wasn’t long before he began a dental program for the animals.
Word of Dr. David’s work with animals_____34_____, and soon King’s Island Amusement Park and the Cincinnati Zoo were calling to ask for his_____35_____. Now he regularly gets calls from the zoo.
16. A. friends B. patients C. teachers D. colleagues
17. A. unusual B. young C. interesting D. serious
18. A. clearly B. typically C. rarely D. traditionally
19. A. dead B. pet C. real D. toy
20. A. feet B. ears C. eyes D. teeth
21. A. successful B. general C. dental D. experimental
22. A. special B. painful C. frightening D. valuable
23. A. Finally B. Luckily C. Eventually D. Gradually
24. A. fond B. afraid C. tired D. ashamed
25. A. worrying about B. asking about C. preparing for D. caring for
26. A. time B. chance C. principle D. honor
27. A. hated B. managed C. wanted D. failed
28. A. expected B. guessed C. realized D. declared
29 A. impossible B. wonderful C. necessary D. imperfect
30. A. comfortable B. excited C. pitiful D. nervous
31. A. But B. Because C. And D. So
32. A. arrived B. performed C. studied D. worked
33. A. kids B. models C. animals D. adults
34. A. rang B. spread C. faded D. broke
35. A. help B. advice C. opinion D. permission
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了儿科牙医David Sullivan给动物们治疗牙齿方面的情况。
16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一些病人也是如此。A. friends 朋友；B. patients病人；C. teachers老师；D. colleagues同事。根据上文“Dr. David Sullivan, pediatric dentist（儿科牙医）, is just wild about teeth.（儿科医生David Sullivan医生对牙齿很狂热。）”可知，医生如此，他的病人也是如此。故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大卫医生，正如许多人所称呼的那样，有一些不寻常的病人。A. unusual不寻常的；B. young年轻的；C. interesting有趣的；D. serious严重的。根据下文“They’re____4____animals.”可知，病人并不是我们日常能看到的普通病人，而是动物们。故选A项。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们不是每天看到的孩子。A. clearly显然地；B. typically典型地；C. rarely罕见地；D. traditionally传统地。根据下文“They’re, well, big and hairy and sometimes weigh more than four hundred pounds. They’re____4____animals.”可知，病人并不是我们每天看到的孩子。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是真的动物。A. dead失去生命的；B. pet很喜欢的；C. real真的；D. toy玩具的。根据上文“They’re, well, big and hairy and sometimes weigh more than four hundred pounds.”可知，这些动物是真实存在的。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数日子里，大卫医生照顾他的人类病人，教他们如何照顾他们的牙齿。A. feet脚；B. ears耳朵；C. eyes眼睛；D. teeth牙齿。根据文章“Dr. David Sullivan, pediatric dentist（儿科牙医）”可知，牙医教病人如何照顾牙齿。故选D项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自1982年以来，David医生自愿花时间对许多动物进行牙科手术。A. successful成功的；B. general普通的；C. dental牙科的；D. experimental实验的。根据文章“Dr. David, as many people call him, has some unusual patients.”可知，David医生有一些不同寻常的动物病人，进行的是牙科手术。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对于大多数人来说都将是一次害怕的经历。A. special 特别的；B. painful痛苦的；C. frightening害怕的；D. valuable有价值的。根据“I have been around them so much that I’m used to them.”可知，David医生与大多数人的感受是不一样的，大多数人在给动物进行牙科手术时，本身存在危险，都应该是比较害怕的。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运地是，大卫医生有不同的感受。A. Finally最后；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Eventually最终；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据“Dr. David feels differently.”可知，David医生反而习惯了与动物相处。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不害怕动物。A. fond喜欢的；B. afraid害怕的；C. tired累的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据上文“Dr. David feels differently.”可知，大卫医生与大多数人的感受不同，他是不害怕的。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：儿童牙医如何发现自己在照顾黑犀牛或猴子的牙齿？A. worrying about担忧；B. asking about询问；C. preparing for准备；D. caring for照顾。根据下文“When I was a kid in school, the only thing I ever____12____to be was a veterinarian（兽医）”可知，大卫医生始终对于医治动物方面存在愿望。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于大卫医生来说，这是一个机会。A. time时间；B. chance机会；C. principle原则；D. honor荣耀。根据上文“Dr. David has volunteered his time performing____6____surgery on many of the animals.”可知，大卫上学想做兽医的梦想可以实现，因此医治动物的经历对他来说是一次机会。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子上学的时候，我唯一想做的事情就是成为一名兽医。A. hated恨；B. managed设法做成；C. wanted想要；D. failed失败。根据下文“I even applied to veterinary school in college”可知，大卫医生对成为兽医的渴望。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但大卫医生很快意识到兽医工作对他来说是不可能的。A. expected期待；B. guessed猜想；C. realized意识到；D. declared声称。根据表示转折关系的连词But可知，前后意思表达相反，大卫医生意识到兽医工作的难度。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大卫医生很快意识到兽医工作对他来说是不可能的。A. impossible不可能的；B. wonderful美妙的；C. necessary必要的；D. imperfect不完美的。根据表示转折关系的连词But可知，前后意思表达相反，大卫医生意识到兽医工作的难度，是不可能完成的。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我在兽医办公室做志愿者，以获得一些经验”，他说，“我很紧张，我无法呼吸”。A. comfortable舒适的；B. excited兴奋的；C. pitiful可惜的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“I couldn't breathe”可知，大卫医生的紧张情绪。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：所以大卫医生尝试了儿科牙科，发现他喜欢它。A. But但是；B. Because因为；C. And和；D. So所以。根据上文“I was____15____I couldn't breathe.”可知，大卫医生在兽医办公室做志愿者时感觉很紧张，所以选择了儿科牙科。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：成为牙医后，大卫医生在俄亥俄州的辛辛那提的儿童医院工作。A. arrived到达；B. performed执行；C. studied研究；D. worked工作。根据上文“After he became a dentist”可知，大卫医生在成为牙医后，到儿童医院工作。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他被要求帮助医院研究实验室的一些动物进行牙科工作。A. kids孩子；B. models模型；C. animals动物；D. adults成人。根据下文“It wasn’t long before he began a dental program for the animals.”可知，大卫医生被要求帮助动物进行牙科工作。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大卫医生与动物工作的消息传开了，很快国王岛游乐园和辛辛那提动物园就打电话来寻求他的帮助。A. rang响；B. spread传播；C. faded褪色；D. broke断裂。根据下文“soon King’s Island Amusement Park and the Cincinnati Zoo were calling to ask for his____20____.”可知，消息传开。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大卫医生对动物有效的消息传开了，很快King’s Island Amusement Park和the Cincinnati Zoo 就打电话来寻求他的帮助。A. help帮助；B. advice建议；C. opinion观点；D. permission允许。根据下文“Now he regularly gets calls from the zoo.”可知，不断有动物园打来电话寻求大卫医生的帮助。故选A项。
IV.阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie is, but you may not hear of Ruzena Bajcsy. Of the brilliant ladies listed below, who is the greatest woman in your mind?
Ruzena Bajcsy
Bajcsy is an American scientist. She received praise from other scientists because of her research on robots with her students who were under the guidance of her teaching. And she received the 2009 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science for her creation in robots, especially in the development of improved robotic perception (认知) and in the creation of better methods to analyze medical images.
Rachel Carson
Rachel Carson is an author. At first, she majored in English at the Pennsylvania College for Women, but later she changed her major. Her popular book Silent Spring raised awareness of the danger of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Oprah Winfrey
Born into poverty in rural Mississippi, Winfrey is a successful talk show hostess and one of the richest African Americans of the 20th century. She changed the modes of talk show by using a more honest way of media communication and adjusted her talk show with a focus on literature and self-improvement, which made her show become the highest-rated television program of its kind in history.
Sheryl Sandberg
Sheryl Sandberg is a great director of Facebook. In 2012, she was named in the Time 100, a list of the most powerful people in the world. She published her first book Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead in 2013. This book talks about business leadership and development, at the same time discusses the lack of women in government and business leadership positions.
36. What is Bajcsy most noted for?
A. Her new book on robots. B. Her excellent teaching skills.
C. Her contributions to technology. D. Her academic research on medicine.
37. Why was Oprah’s talk show so popular?
A. Her respect for the poor touched the audience.
B. She presented her show in creative forms and contents.
C. She talked about current events happening around the world.
D. Her personal experiences encouraged people to live positively.
38. Sandberg’s first book is suitable for women who ________.
A. are interested in social media
B. are devoted to community work
C. want to achieve their career values
D. desire to improve their writing skills
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当今社会四位著名的女性和她所取得的成就。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ruzena Bajcsy中“Bajcsy is an American scientist. She received praise from other scientists because of her research on robots with her students who were under the guidance of her teaching.(Bajcsy是一位美国科学家。她和她的学生在她的教学指导下对机器人进行了研究，受到了其他科学家的赞扬)”可知，Bajcsy因为对科技的贡献而成名。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Oprah Winfrey中“She changed the modes of talk show by using a more honest way of media communication and adjusted her talk show with a focus on literature and self-improvement, which made her show become the highest-rated television program of its kind in history.(她改变了脱口秀的模式，采用更加诚实的媒体传播方式，对她的脱口秀进行了调整，侧重于文学和自我修养，使她的脱口秀成为有史以来收视率最高的电视节目)”可知，Oprah脱口秀如此受欢迎的原因是她的演出形式和内容都很有创意。故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She published her first book Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead in 2013. This book talks about business leadership and development, at the same time discusses the lack of women in government and business leadership positions.”可知，2013年，Sandberg出版了自己的第一本书《向前一步:女性、工作和领导意志》。这本书讲的是商业领导与发展，同时也讨论了政府和商业领导职位中女性的缺乏。由此可推知，Sandberg的第一本书适合那些想要实现自己职业价值的女性。故选C。
B
Although heat wasn’t an issue at first, as it would become later, coming from New York to India would shock any foreign tourists. Quickly, however, I noticed how nice and helpful everyone was to us. The guest house we stayed in was full of people willing to help. The other two volunteers also helped to calm my nerves about being in India so far away from my home. After the first few days I was eager to get to Bal Ashram.
Upon getting to Bal Ashram, I was able to meet the boys, who called Bal Ashram their home. The center itself helps to rescue boys from child labor in various areas of India and give them a jumpstart into education for free where they will then return to their families and continue their education. They are taught that without education there can be no future. Through education, Bal Ashram also builds a sense of community which can be seen with everyone who works and is taught here. Teaching English here to the children gave me great pride in knowing that these children would be helped within their own experiences here at Bal Ashram and their future lives. Each child was always willing to learn more.
Boys there were always seen laughing. Afternoon sports and nightly social events, including dancing, were just one of the many highlights with me and the children. Even my inner life was enriched (充实), let alone theirs. Living in Bal Ashram also gave us a first hand view of village, life in India, as well as the culture and religion that surrounds this country.
My time spent at Bal Ashram was one I will never forget. Through the simplicity and life of the people and the children who are full of innocence (天真) and joy, I have taken with me so much more than when I arrived.
39. Why did the author come to India?
A. To learn about Indian culture and religion.
B. To learn about the life in Indian villages.
C. To work as a volunteer English teacher.
D. To rescue Indian boys from hard labor.
40. What did the author suffer from most while staying in India?
A. The unfair treatment by other volunteers.
B. The hot weather.
C. The communication problems.
D. The culture and religion differences
41. The activities at Bal Ashram aim to .
A. encourage boys to get close to strangers
B. develop the boys’ interest in studying
C. offer those boys a family atmosphere
D. enrich the inner life of those boys
【答案】39. C 40. B 41. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了作者在印度Bal Ashram支教时度过的难忘时光，通过人们的简单生活，以及充满纯真和欢乐的孩子们，收获了很多。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Teaching English here to the children gave me great pride in knowing that these children would be helped within their own experiences here at Bal Ashram and their future lives.(在这里给孩子们教英语让我感到非常自豪，因为我知道这些孩子在巴尔道场的亲身经历和他们未来的生活中会得到帮助)”可知，作者是从纽约来到印度的一个志愿者，教孩子学习英语。故选C项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章首句“Although heat wasn’t an issue at first, as it would become later, coming from New York to India would shock any foreign tourists.(虽然一开始暑热并不像后来那样是个问题，但从纽约到印度的旅行会让任何外国游客感到震惊)”可知，作者在印度时，最痛苦的是印度炎热的气候。故选B项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Boys there were always seen laughing. Afternoon sports and nightly social events, including dancing, were just one of the many highlights with me and the children. Even my inner life was enriched (充实), let alone theirs.(男孩子们总是被看到大笑。下午的运动和晚上的社交活动，包括跳舞，只是我和孩子们的许多亮点之一。就连我的内心生活都得到了丰富，更不用说他们的了)”可知，在Bal Ashram的活动目的在于使这些男孩的内心丰富。故选D项。
C
When I volunteered to spend a summer on a land-based whale-watching project in the West of Scotland, the project secretary warned me, “You have to be able to detect the whales from the shore—it’s not as easy as you think.” Although I assumed I was well-qualified for the job, at the start of the project I had a few embarrassing moments screaming “Whale!” before realizing that what I was pointing out were only waves breaking over underwater rocks, not sea creatures at all! After a while, I trained my eyes to “see”—to distinguish between waves hitting rocks and the rolling movement of whales underwater.
I spent a lot of time just watching the sea through my binoculars (双筒望远镜), looking actively for anything that indicated sea life below. My binoculars enabled me to spot the fins (鳍) of a dolphin against the darkness of the sea, and without a good pair of binoculars I definitely would have missed out on lots of amazing sea life.
In addition, I eventually realized that the birds provide us with signals that whales and dolphins may be in the area. Where there is a group of feeding seabirds such as seagulls or gannets, there is often a whale feeding under them. Gannets are really easy to spot from a distance—they drop out of the sky at speeds of up to 100 kph, spearing the surface and sending bursts of water up behind them.
If you want to try this activity, it is worth organizing and planning carefully for whale-watching. I recommend having a notebook and pencil nearby to record details of what you’ve seen and the environmental conditions at the time. This is not only a helpful aid in general, but you can also contribute your sightings to research projects such as the Sea Watch Foundation, which are monitoring the distribution of whales and dolphins.
Despite the early disappointments I had, I think there is undoubtedly something very special about watching whales. Nothing can compare with the secret thrill and the peacefulness of seeing a wild animal just doing its own thing.
42. What did the author learn from the embarrassing moments?
A. It was hard to carry out the project.
B. The project secretary was very strict.
C. Most whales were not afraid of humans.
D. Whale-watching was not as easy as expected.
43. An effective technique for finding whales is .
A. noticing bursts of water
B. observing them from a distance
C. watching feeding seabirds
D. organizing and planning carefully
44. The author advised whale watchers to .
A. record whale-watching details
B. be careful when watching whales
C. watch whales from the shore only
D. seek help from the Sea Watch Foundation
45. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Pleasant summer memories
B. The thrill of watching whales
C. Useful whale-watching advice
D. A fantastic world under the water
【答案】42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己的观鲸经历，同时向读者介绍了观鲸时应注意的事项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的“When I volunteered to spend a summer on a land-based whale-watching project in the West of Scotland, the project secretary warned me, “You have to be able to detect the whales from the shore—it’s not as easy as you think.” Although I assumed I was well-qualified for the job, at the start of the project I had a few embarrassing moments screaming “Whale!” before realizing that what I was pointing out were only waves breaking over underwater rocks, not sea creatures at all! (当我自愿在苏格兰西部的一个陆地观鲸项目上度过一个夏天时，项目秘书警告我，“你必须能够从海岸上发现鲸鱼，这并不像你想象的那么容易。”虽然我认为自己很适合这份工作，但在项目开始时，我有一些尴尬的时刻，例如大喊“鲸鱼！”，之后才意识到我所指的只是海浪冲破了水下岩石，而不是海洋生物！)”可知，通过作者错误识别鲸鱼的尴尬时刻可以证实项目秘书所说的话是正确的，我们可以得出观看鲸鱼并不像预期的那么容易。故选D项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“In addition, I eventually realized that the birds provide us with signals that whales and dolphins may be in the area. Where there is a group of feeding seabirds such as seagulls or gannets, there is often a whale feeding under them. (此外，我最终意识到鸟类向我们提供了鲸鱼和海豚可能在该地区的信号。如果有一群海鸟在觅食，如海鸥或塘鹅，通常会有鲸鱼在它们下面觅食)”可知，观看觅食海鸟是寻找鲸鱼的有效方法。故选C项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“I recommend having a notebook and pencil nearby to record details of what you’ve seen and the environmental conditions at the time. (我建议你在附近放一本笔记本和一支铅笔，记录下你所看到的一切以及当时的环境状况)”可知，作者建议鲸鱼观察者记录观看鲸鱼的详细信息。故选A。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。由最后一段“Despite the early disappointments I had, I think there is undoubtedly something very special about watching whales. Nothing can compare with the secret thrill and the peacefulness of seeing a wild animal just doing its own thing. (尽管我早年曾感到失望，但我认为观看鲸鱼无疑有一些非常特别的地方。没有什么能比得上看到一只野生动物做自己的事情时的那种隐秘的兴奋和平静)”以及全文内容可知，本文作者介绍了自己的令人兴奋的经历，并在最后一段介绍了观鲸的感受——兴奋和平静，因此推断B项“观鲸的兴奋”符合文意。故选B项。
V.阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
For the past few years, Jennifer and Tim Hegseth of Northfield, Minnesota, wanted to correct the course of their family’s lifestyle, but they didn’t know how to change.
Jennifer, 46, is an airline pilot who is on the road three days a week. When she’s gone, her 47-year-old husband, Tim, who works full time, ferries their children, Sam, 11, and Ella, 7, to all their after-school activities including various sports.
In the past, Tim often grabbed fast-food meals or whipped up quick frozen dinners for himself and the kids. He has a sedentary(久坐的)job and rarely found time to exercise. Jennifer tried to go to the hotel gyms when she was away from home, but it wasn’t enough physical activity to keep her weight in check.
By late December, the couple felt out of shape and wanted to make some changes. “I want my family to get moving.” Jennifer said.
So the Hegseths volunteered to participate in this year’s Family Fitness Challenge. The ongoing project is being produced in partnership with USA Weekend and “The Doctors” TV show.
More than 400 families applied to take part in the challenge. Six families were chosen, and they were paired with a fitness expert from the American College of Sports Medicine and a registered dietitian from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The families have been working with their professionals since early January.
The Hegseths are now walking a couple miles at the local high school. “Sam and I go every Friday. We talk about his week at school. It’s a bonding time,” she said.
46. What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about? (no more than 5 words)
47. What does the underlined part “whipped up” in Paragraph 3 mean in English? (1 word)
48. Why did the Hegseths volunteer to participate in this year’s Family Fitness Challenge? (no more than 10 words)
49. Who provided help for the Hegseths and other chosen families in the challenge? (no more than 10 words)
50. What do you think of the Hegseths’ new lifestyle? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】46. The family’s lifestyle of Hegseths’.
47. make. 48. Because they felt out of shape and wanted to make changes.
49. A fitness expert and a registered dietitian.
50. I think their new lifestyle is beneficial, because it improved their physical condition and promoted the relationship among family members.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妇因为不当的生活方式，身材发生变化，因此决心改变生活方式，开始参加家庭健身挑战赛，进行饮食调整和锻炼，由此改善了身体状况及家庭关系。
【46题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第二段“Jennifer, 46, is an airline pilot who is on the road three days a week. When she’s gone, her 47-year-old husband, Tim, who works full time, ferries their children, Sam, 11, and Ella, 7, to all their after-school activities including various sports.(46岁的詹妮弗是一名航空公司飞行员，每周有三天在路上。她不在时，她47岁的全职丈夫蒂姆会接送11岁的萨姆和7岁的艾拉参加各种课外活动，包括各种体育活动)”以及第三段“In the past, Tim often grabbed fast-food meals or whipped up quick frozen dinners for himself and the kids. He has a sedentary(久坐的)job and rarely found time to exercise. Jennifer tried to go to the hotel gyms when she was away from home, but it wasn’t enough physical activity to keep her weight in check.(过去，蒂姆经常给自己和孩子们吃快餐或速冻晚餐。他久坐不动的工作,几乎没有时间锻炼。詹妮弗离家的时候曾尝试去酒店的健身房锻炼，但这不足以控制她的体重)”可知，第二段，第三段主要讲述Hegseths一家的生活方式，故答案为：The family’s lifestyle of Hegseths’ .
【47题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据划线单词前or可知，划线单词与“Tim often grabbed fast-food meals(Tim经常做快餐吃)”中的grabbed是近义并列关系，结合动词“whipped up”的宾语是“quick frozen dinners(速冻晚餐)”，由此可以推断划线单词的含义是“制作”速冻晚餐给自己及孩子们。故答案为：make.
【48题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第四段“By late December, the couple felt out of shape and wanted to make some changes. “I want my family to get moving.” Jennifer said.(到了12月底，这对夫妇觉得身材不太好，想做些改变。“我想让我的家人行动起来”詹妮弗说)”可知，这对夫妇参加家庭健身挑战赛的原因是，他们觉得身材不太好，想做些改变。故答案为：Because they felt out of shape and wanted to make changes.
【49题详解】
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二端“Six families were chosen, and they were paired with a fitness expert from the American College of Sports Medicine and a registered dietitian from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The families have been working with their professionals since early January.(研究人员选择了六个家庭，并将他们与美国运动医学学院一名健身专家和营养与饮食学会的一名注册营养师配对。自1月初以来，这些家庭一直在与他们的专业人员合作)”可知，被选中的家庭，得到了美国运动医学学院的一名健身专家和营养与饮食学会的一名注册营养师的帮助。故答案为：A fitness expert and a registered dietitian.
【50题详解】
开放性试题。根据第四段“By late December, the couple felt out of shape and wanted to make some changes. “I want my family to get moving.(到了12月底，这对夫妇觉得身材不太好，想做些改变。我想让我的家人行动起来)”以及最后一段“The Hegseths are now walking a couple miles at the local high school. “Sam and I go every Friday. We talk about his week at school. It’s a bonding time(Hegseths一家现在正在当地一所高中步行几英里。萨姆和我每个星期五都去。我们谈论他在学校的一周。这是增进感情的时刻)”可知，Hegseths夫妇之前的饮食，生活方式是不健康的，影响了身材和身体健康，因此做出新的改变，而这些新的生活方式帮助他们改善了身体，同时也增进了家庭成员之间的感情。所以，我认为Hegseths夫妇的新生活方式是很棒的，因为这能改善他们的身体状况，并能增进家人之前的感情。故答案为：I think their new lifestyle is beneficial, because it improved their physical condition and promoted the relationship among family members.
VI.书面表达（满分15分）
51. 假设你是李华，上周末你和妈妈去商场购物，遇到了电梯故障，电梯内瞬间一片漆黑，在众人的慌乱之中，你采取了恰当的方法解决了危情。请你围绕本次经历写一篇主题为“Experience makes me grow up”的演讲稿参加学校的主题演讲活动。
主要内容包括：
①时间、地点、事件；
②应急处理过程；
③你的感受。
参考词汇：按按钮push the button 电梯elevator
手机手电筒phone flashlight 应急电话emergency call
注意：1.词数不少于100词，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning teachers and classmates,
I’m honored to make a speech here with the topic “Experience makes me grow up”.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
【答案】Good morning teachers and classmates,
I’m honored to make a speech here with the topic “Experience makes me grow up”.
Last weekend, my mother and I were shopping at the Red Star Mall when we encountered an elevator failure. The elevator was suddenly dark. Everyone was in panic because of the emergency. At school, the teacher taught us students how to deal with this situation, so I took action immediately. First, I pushed the button, hoping that the elevator would stop, but I found it useless. Besides, I remembered there is an emergency call on the wall of each elevator. I used my phone flashlight to find it. Looking at the phone number, I made an emergency call. At last, everyone was glad to be saved.
Experience makes me grow up. That experience makes me know that knowledge is very important, which gives us the power to handle matters confidently and without haste in the face of trouble. Therefore, we should study hard.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生针对“上周末你和妈妈去商场购物，遇到了电梯故障，你立即采取措施”一事，以“Experience makes me grow up”为题，讲述这次经历并发表感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因为：because of→on account of
立即：immediately→at once
此外：besides→what’s more
因此：therefore→hence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At school, the teacher taught us students how to deal with this situation, so I took action immediately.
拓展句：At school, the teacher taught us students how we can deal with this situation, so I took action immediately.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, I pushed the button, hoping that the elevator would stop, but I found it useless. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】That experience makes me know that knowledge is very important, which gives us the power to handle matters confidently and without haste in the face of trouble. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1-5 CBCAB 6-10 CAACB 11-15ACAAB