内蒙古通辽市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-02阅读单选&阅读回答问题&阅读填表&短文提示填空&完成句子

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内蒙古通辽市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
02阅读单选&阅读回答问题&阅读填表&短文提示填空&完成句子
一、阅读单选
（2022·内蒙古通辽）Here are three kinds of forms of Chinese art.
Calligraphy (书法)
The ancient Chinese thought of writing as an important form of art. Calligraphy is a popular form of writing. To produce Chinese characters one needs a brush, paper, inkstick (墨) and inkstone. These are called the “Four Treasures of the Study”. It’s necessary to learn these tools in order to learn calligraphy.
Poetry
It was an important part of art. Li Bai, Du Fu and Su Shi are considered among the best ancient poets, and there are five major kinds of ancient poetic styles called Shi, Ci, Ge, Qu and Fu. During the Tang Dynasty, poetry became so important that writing poetry was part of the examinations to work for the government.
Opera
Chinese opera is considered as one of the three oldest dramatic art forms in the world. It’s a combination of music, art and literature. During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong set up an opera school.

1．_________ are called the “Four Treasures of the Study”.
A．A pen, a book, inkstick and inkstone
B．A pen, paper, inkstick and inkstone
C．A brush, paper, inkstick and ink box
D．A brush, paper, inkstick and inkstone
2．How many major kinds of poetic styles are there in ancient China?
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
3．If you wanted to work for the government, you had to learn to write poetry during ________.
A．the Tang Dynasty B．the Song Dynasty
C． the Yuan Dynasty D．the Qing Dynasty
4．What’s a combination of music, art and literature?
A．Poetry. B．Opera. C．Calligraphy. D．Painting.
5．From the passage, we can learn that ________.
A．Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty set up an opera school
B．calligraphy is one of the three oldest art forms in the world
C．Shi and Qu are the two most important poetic styles in ancient China
D．if you want to learn calligraphy, you must learn the “Four Treasures of the Study”
（2022·内蒙古通辽）I prefer to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season is. This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had made the roads slippery (湿滑的). Going up a mountain road, I had to slow down as I rounded a sharp, snowy curve (转弯处). That was when I saw a strong and handsome male deer standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just looked at each other. His eyes seemed wise and calm. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and waved with my hand for him to go on. He then jumped and ran across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods. I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature.
Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We hardly get to enjoy what each day brings us. Wouldn’t it be better to go slowly through our days here? Life is meant to be savored. Moments are meant to be valued. Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a crazy speed.
The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sunrise fill the world with light. Take the time to smile, laugh and sing. Take the time to read and relax. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. If you do, your life will be much better and more beautiful. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home.
6．Why does the writer like to go slowly in the mountains?
A．Because there is much snow.
B．Because the forest scenery is beautiful.
C．Because the road is dangerous.
D．Because there is a male deer.
7．What might the writer regret most if he drove too fast in the mountains according to Paragraph 1?
A．Missing the beautiful scenery of the mountains.
B．Missing the chance of spending time with animals.
C．Missing the chance of enjoying an early March snow in the mountains.
D．Missing the chance of having magical communication with a deer.
8．How did the writer feel after meeting the deer?
A．Upset. B．Thankful. C．Worried. D．Lucky.
9．What does the underlined word “savored” mean in Chinese?
A．积极 B．创造 C．品味 D．勇敢
10．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．Enjoy Life B．Love Nature
C．Protect Animals D．Drive Slowly
（2022·内蒙古通辽）Home to the yearly World Internet Conference (WIC), Wuzhen, a water town in East China’s Zhejiang Province, has always been connected with technology.
Wuzhen’s People’s Park was built in the 1950s. But this traditional park is now a center with the latest technologies. Powered by technologies including 5G, AI and AR, 23 interactive displays have been set up in the park.
An AI assistant is placed at the park’s entrance. From the weather forecast to the price of meat and vegetables, it provides daily-life information for the local people.
Square dancing is popular in China. A big screen has been put up in the park’s square, and dancers can learn routines (路线) from the screen or use it as a music player. Using AR, dancers can see themselves through the special camera, making the screen a “mirror”.
The rubbish cans here are smart, too. The rubbish can opens by itself when it senses something moving near. It then sorts the rubbish and tells you which kind it falls in.
The virtual (虚拟的) zoo in the park is the children’s favorite. By using the park’s app to scan (扫描) the area, visitors can check out virtual animals by AR cameras.
The park is not just a collection of technologies put together for no reason. All the services were designed according to people’s actual needs, which showed us what “technology +” could be like in the future.
11．What is Wuzhen famous for according to the text?
A．AR. B．A water town. C．Technologies. D．The People’s Park.
12．What will you first see when you go to Wuzhen’s People’s Park?
A．AR cameras. B．A big screen. C．Smart rubbish cans. D．An AI assistant.
13．What will the rubbish can do when something moves near?
①It opens.
②It scans people.
③It sorts the rubbish.
④It tells people which can to drop.
⑤It puts the rubbish people throw in the right can by itself.
A．①③⑤ B．①③④ C．②④⑤ D．②③④
14．Why do children like the virtual zoo in the park?
A．Because they can use the park’s app.
B．Because they can see the animals on TV.
C．Because they can play mobile phones freely.
D．Because they can see many kinds of virtual animals there.
15．What may our future life be like according to the text?
A．The technologies will serve people better.
B．People can go anywhere by car for free.
C．All the AI assistants will be here and there.
D．All the people must learn technologies.
（2021·内蒙古通辽）Kids’ Summer Jobs
We are looking for people to join us as a camp counselor at Cuya Outdoor School. We connect children to science through nature. Our camp counselors are energetic and supportive, and more importantly, caring team members. This is an eight -hour everyday job in the ten-day-long program during the summer.
Hours:9:30a. m. —5:30p. m.            Pay: $ 10 per hour
LEGO Engineering Instructor
Do you enjoy taking things apart and then putting them back together? If so, then tins may be your dream job! We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.
Hours:2:00p.m. —5:00p. m.            Pay: $ 15 per hour
Teacher’s Aide
We are looking for part-time teacher’s aides for our Inspire Kids Pre-school in Newburgh. Teacher’s aides need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment.
Hourts:8:00 a.m. —11:00a. m.            Pay:$ 100 per week
Summer Care Giver
I’m looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I’m working from 11: 00a. m. to 3: 00p. m, I have t 7-year old daughter, and a 5-year old son. I am also asking you to prepare snacks and clean up the rooms.
Pay:$ 150 per week
16．How much can a camp counselor mike in total?
A．$10 B．$100 C．$150 D．$800
17．To be a LEGO engineering instructor, one has to be_____.
A．caring B．creative C．energetic D．patient
18．What does a teacher’s aide need to do?
A．Help children do activities. B．Teach children science.
C．Play LEGO with children. D．Prepare snacks for children.
19．What summer job can Jerry apply for if he is free from 10:00 a. m. to 4:00 p. m.?
A．Teacher’s aide. B．Summer care giver.
C．Camp counselor. D．LEGO engineering instructor.
20．Where can you probably find this text?
A．On a website. B．In a dictionary. C．In a guidebook. D．In a picture book.
（2021·内蒙古通辽）Whether from news reports or social media articles, you may know that 5G is coming.
5G is the 5th generation network. It is a new network after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G. It can connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will cover many cities in China soon. 5G means super-fast data speed. One can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.
5G will make self-driving cars possible. For safety, self-driving cars need super-fast data transmission (传输）to communicate with their nearby environment. 5G is just what makes self-driving cars achieve this. Even airplanes will become “smart” in the near future. Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet and can order for food and drinks.
5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Many people live in poor areas in the world where there are no schools. But with 5G, this will change. Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms.
It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away.
The facts listed above are only a part of what 5G will make possible and popular. Just as in the early days of the Internet in the 1990s, few could see how it could change our life and the world. The same will surely be true of 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams any more. Now let’s get ready to say goodbye to 4G and welcome the coming of 5G.
21．How long may it take to download a two-hour movie with 5G?
A．15 seconds. B．8 seconds. C．10 minutes. D．2 hours.
22．The underlined word “remotely” means “________” in Chinese.
A．快速地 B．高效地 C．远程地 D．科学地
23．5G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT ________.
A． self-driving cars B．”smart” airplanes
C．online classes D．hospitals without doctors
24．About 5G, ________ is NOT mentioned in the passage.
A．to be used freely
B．super-fast data speed
C．to connect everyone and everything together
D．to make life more convenient than 4G
25．From the last paragraph, we can know that ________.
A．4G is no more used in our daily life now
B．the writer is worried about the coming of 5G
C．with 5G, some of our dreams will come true for sure one day
D．in the 1990s, all the people believed that the Internet would change our life
（2021·内蒙古通辽）“I have no special talent. I’m only passionately curious.” This famous quote from Albert Einstein might tell the reason for his success. When Newton discovered gravity, and when Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, their curiosity was greatly satisfied. If they hadn’t been curious, what a loss for humans!
There is a common truth that intellectual curiosity (求知欲）contributes to school performance more than intelligence. Some studies also show there are benefits of curiosity in improving the long-term level of learning and memory, and a lot of positive results are connected with curiosity.
It has been known that both animals and humans are willing to take a risk to satisfy their curiosity despite knowing that the result will remain unchanged. Despite there being different views on the reason for curiosity, most experts reach an agreement that like the way the stomach looks for food, our brain looks for knowledge. People and animals are eager to know things because getting that information means a reward.
An interesting thing is that our brain will release a pleasure-related chemical when it has been given new information, making seeking information much like eating — another pleasant activity. Researchers newly found that increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals. However, how exactly the chemical plays a role still remains a mystery.
Considering the present level of research on curiosity and the driving force of curiosity, including scientific curiosity, more research should be carried on in this field. It’s safe to say that curiosity itself will help uncover curiosity. And remember even though the idiom says “Curiosity kills the cat”, it ends with satisfaction bringing it back.
26．What do the examples mentioned in Paragraph 1 intend to tell us?
A．The importance of being curious.
B．The advice from successful people.
C．The reason why humans keep curious.
D．The relationship between curiosity and efforts.
27．What can we learn about intellectual curiosity from Paragraph 2?
A．It often requires long-term training.
B．It helps people develop a positive lifestyle.
C．Students with it learn better than those smart ones.
D．Students born smart often have stronger intellectual curiosity.
28．Which of the following ideas is generally accepted about curiosity?
A．Human curiosity comes when they want to change results.
B．It is natural and common among humans and animals.
C．It is often related to some adventurous activities.
D．Animals’ curiosity appears with hunger.
29．What does the author mean in the last paragraph?
A．Curiosity takes many different forms.
B．People may make mistakes because of strong curiosity.
C．Curiosity makes people dissatisfied with their present situations.
D．People should do more research on curiosity with some curiosity.
30．Which of the following is TRUE about the passage?
A．It’s safe to say that curiosity itself won’t help uncover curiosity.
B．People shouldn’t have any curiosity.
C．Intellectual curiosity contributes to school performance leas than intelligence.
D．Increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals.
（2020·内蒙古通辽）The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Rain(谷雨)，as the last term in spring, starts on April 19 and ends on May 4.
Grain Rain comes from the old saying, “Rain brings the growth of hundreds of grains”, which shows that this period of rainfall is very important for the growth of crops. Here’s something that you may not know about the Grain Rain.
1. Grain Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer, and the temperature rises much higher than it does in March. With dry soil and heavy winds, sandstorms may happen more often.
2. There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain. Spring tea during Grain Rain is good for the eyes. It is also said that drinking tea on this day would prevent bad luck.
3. People in northern China have the tradition to eat the vegetable toona sinensis during Grain Rain. An old Chinese saying goes “toona sinensis before the rain is as tender as silk”. The vegetable is good for the stomach and skin.
4. The Grain Rain Festival is celebrated by fishing villages in northern China. Grain Rain marks the start of the fishermen's first voyage of the year. The custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago.

31．When Grain Rain ends, ________ starts.
A．summer B．spring C．fall D．winter
32．The underlined word “crops” refers to ________.
A．flowers in the garden B．trees in the forest
C．fishes in the sea D．plants in the field
33．The people in southern China ________ on the day of Grain Rain.
A．eat toona sinensis B．fly a kite C．drink tea D．start the first voyage
34．We can infer that “toona sinensis” must be a kind of vegetable which ________.
A．can bring good luck B．is delicious and healthy
C．grows at the seaside D．is a type of medicine
35．The right order of the titles from 1 to 4 should be________.
a. Eating toona sinensis     b. Sandstorms happen     
c. Grain Rain Festival     d. Drinking tea
A．b-d-c-a B．b-a-d-c C．b-c-a-d D．b-d-a-c
（2020·内蒙古通辽）Today, the world’s diversity(多样性) of food crops is quickly decreasing. But scientists around the world are taking action. They are building seed banks. At seed banks, scientists store the seeds of many different crops.
There are now 1,400 seed banks around the world. However, some banks are in warm countries. If the electricity fails, the seeds will get too hot and die. Other seed banks are in countries troubled by war. Sometimes people damage the seed banks. If this happens, valuable seeds can be lost forever!
The organization Global Crop Diversity Trust decided they wanted to deal with this problem. So, they decided to build a global seed bank. This seed bank would contain a back-up, or extra copy, of all the world’s seeds. Smaller seed banks would still collect and keep local seeds. But they would also send copies of their seeds to the global bank.
Scientists from the Global Crop Diversity Trust chose the cold, snowy mountains of Svalbard, Norway to build the global seed bank — the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. Organizations, farmers, or local seed banks store their extra seeds there. And the people who place their seeds in the vault are the only people who can take them out. They pay to ship their seeds to Norway, but it does not cost them any money to store their seeds. The Global Crop Diversity Trust pays for this.
Cary Fowler is a scientist who heads the Global Crop Diversity Trust. He said, “If the Seed Vault simply supplies seed banks with copies of seeds that those banks lost by accident, the Seed Vault will be worth way more than it cost.”
36．Seed banks are built to ________.
A．research on seeds B．produce new seeds
C．protect crop diversity D．increase the number of seeds
37．What is the author's purpose in Paragraph 2?
A．Scientists store the seeds of many different crops at seed banks.
B．If seed banks are destroyed, valuable seeds will be lost forever.
C．Scientists want to build a global seed bank.
D．The people who place their seeds in the vault are the only people who can take them out.
38．Compared with other seed banks, the global seed bank ________.
A．was built by the government B．is more welcomed by farmers
C．is mainly used by great scientists D．can provide a good environment for seeds
39．What can we learn about the Svalbard Global Seed Vault?
A．It helps to pay the shipping cost. B．No one can take seeds out of there.
C．There are no fees to store seeds there. D．It mainly receives seeds from farmers.
40．What is Cary Fowler’s attitude towards the Seed Vault?
A．He feels it is very important. B．He is surprised at it.
C．He thinks it costs too much. D．He is uncertain about it.
（2020·内蒙古通辽）Dear Nancy’s parents,
My daughter had a bullying (欺凌) problem a couple of years ago. It wasn’t easy, but I ended it. When things are a serious as you describe, it is no time to be silent. These kids probably know each other from school, so take the rude text messages sent by the bully directly to the headmaster and show him. Describe to him how it is affecting your 13-year- old daughter. Tell him you will not stand it and you want him to put an end to it now.
Bullying is a dangerous and serious offense these days, and any good headmaster will take your charges seriously. He will probably address the issues with the parents. If they are crappy parents, then they may do nothing to their child. You may have to repeat this process several times, but you need to keep a check on those text messages and don’t allow your child to delete them.
Now is the time to draw your child close and take care of her, because she needs it. My daughter did not like me being involved(参与的)either, but you are the only hope she has of solving this problem, so do it and mean business. Always be polite but straightforward. The headmaster and the parents must know you mean business.
If repeated meetings with the headmaster (and parents, if he allows it) does not solve the problem, then I would consider hiring a lawyer. That will send the message across loud and clear. When you are talking about financial loss, most parents will stand up and take notice and act to keep their kid under control!
Good luck — I wish you the best in this terrible situation.
Yours,
Rachel
41．You should show the text messages to the headmaster to________.
A．find which kid sent the messages
B．let him know you love your child
C．ask him to force the bully out of school
D．ask him to stop the bullying
42．What does the underlined word “offense” in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese?
A．职责 B．冒犯行为 C．经验 D．警惕
43．What do we learn from the third paragraph?
A．Parents shouldn't be involved in a bullying problem.
B．Children can deal with bullying problems themselves.
C．It’s necessary for parents to be involved in a bullying problem.
D．Not all bullying problems can be solved.
44．What should you do if the bullying problem is not solved by the headmaster?
A．Meet the parents of the bully in person.
B．Ask the parents of the bully for payment.
C．Put your child under care.
D．Ask a lawyer for help.
45．What is the authors purpose in writing the letter?
A．To offer advice. B．To describe a personal experience.
C．To seek help. D．To ask for advice.
二、阅读回答问题
（2022·内蒙古通辽）DNA is the whole “map” of the human body. It is something that all humans have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Mr. Mendel discovered why we look similar to other people in our family. It is because of small things called “genes” in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are real messages. They are written in the DNA with a special language.
In 1961, another two scientists found the first “word” that they could understand in that language. It shows how DNA tells the cell （细胞） to build its parts. So far, scientists have found all the words in the DNA map, but we do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one “word” means, we can help to save people from several illnesses. So the more we understand, the more doctors will be able to do.
Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine to help sick people. Other people worry that when we learn more “words” and find out more information, we will use it in the wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people getting jobs.
根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。
46．Why do we look like our parents?
__________________________________
47．What did the two scientists find in 1961?
__________________________________
48．How can we help sick people if we understand more “words” in the DNA map?
__________________________________
49．What does the underlined word “They” refer to?
__________________________________
50．What can we know from the last paragraph?
__________________________________
（2021·内蒙古通辽）Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than Expected
Ice covers much of the Arctic Ocean. Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have increased , however, some of the ice has begun to disappear. Scientists have discovered huge waves in the arctic waters.
The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010. Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.
The ship travelled east and stopped next to a large block of ice around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen. Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the ice.
“We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks around,” he remembers.
He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice would become. As they pushed forward, however, the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger ones. Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.
Within an hour, Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high. The ship’s navigation system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height. The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour. Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast. The waves in these areas used to be small.
The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming. That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waved or depend on sea ice to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.
Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in icy waters. As waves break up ice, seas will be more open, waves will be stronger. There are stormy times ahead.
根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。
51．When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arctic waters?
_______________________________________
52．What happened to the ice around the ship when the ship moved into the ice?
_______________________________________
53．How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?
_______________________________________
54．What animals will be in danger because of the huge waves?
_______________________________________
55．What will people see in these icy waters?
_______________________________________
（2020·内蒙古通辽）Most of us use alarm clocks or mobile phones to wake up at the right time for school or work. We look at our watches to know the right time for the bus or train. However, there is also a right time to eat, sleep, exercise, and take medicine. We can’t look at a clock for the right time for these activities. We must listen to the clock inside our bodies, the biological clock.
Barbara Wells exercised every morning. She woke up at 6:00 a. m. She ran about two miles before she went to work. But Barbara's legs and back started to hurt. She did some exercise before she ran. But her legs and back still hurt. She ran slower, but the pain didn’t stop. Barbara talked to her doctor. The doctor said, “Don’t run in the morning. Try to exercise later in the day. That is the time when your body is at the right temperature for exercise after work. Her legs and back didn’t hurt any more.
Today, doctors are learning more shout chronobiology(生物钟学)，the study of biological docks. They are learning about the importance of time for our bodies. For example, it is best for people to go to sleep on time every right and to eat only when they’re hungry. Also, doctors discovered that some illnesses, such as heart attacks, occur (v. 发生) most often in the morning. This information tells them that the best time to take heart medication may be at night. When patients take heart medication at night, they may prevent a heart attack in the morning.
Many doctors believe chronobiology can help us live healthier lives. It may be the right time to listen to these doctors!   
根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。
56．What clocks do you all have inside your bodies?
__________________________________________________________
57．How far did Barbara Wells run every morning?
__________________________________________________________
58．What are the doctors learning about for our bodies?
__________________________________________________________
59．What is the right time for the person who has a heart attack to take heart medication?
___________________________________________________________
60．What can we learn from the passage?
_________________________________________________________
三、阅读填表（2022年无该题型）
（2021·内蒙古通辽）Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17, he travelled along the Silk Road with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. Finally, they arrived in Beijing. They were guests at the Emperor’s Palace. Although Marco was young, he was very clever and could speak four languages. The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends. The Emperor asked Marco to help him and sent him to do many important jobs all over the country.
Marco was amazed by how great China was. He was impressed by the Emperor’s Palace which he described as “The greatest palace that I’ve ever seen”. The walls were covered with gold and silver and the hall was so large.
Marco was also attracted by lots of strange things in China. Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets. In Europe, people paid for goods with gold and silver. He could not understand how people paid for food and valuable things with paper! He was also puzzled by the black stones people used to burn to produce heat. The black stones were coal, but Marco had never seen coal before!
After he served the Emperor for 17 years, in 1291, Marco returned to Italy. He had a lot of money then. A writer wrote down all the stories that Marco told him in a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe.
阅读短文，填表格，每空一词。
Marco Polo and China
Before _____61_____ in China
He was born in Italy in 1254.
At the age of 17, he travelled to China along the Silk Road with his father.
During his living in China
He made friends with the Chinese Emperor.
He helped the Emperor do many _____62_____ jobs around China.
The beauty of China _____63_____ him. He described the Summer Palace as the greatest palace that he had ever seen.
Some things which he never saw before attracted him.
Paper money was used in the markets.
The Chinese used coal to produce heat.
After returning to Italy
He became very ______64______ .
A book was _____65_____ about his travelling experiences.


（2020·内蒙古通辽）There are long rivers, and there are famous rivers. The Nile is the world’s longest and most famous river. It runs 6, 650 kilometers. Crocodiles and hippos live in its waters. Pyramids built by ancient Egyptians rise along its banks.
The main branch of the Nile, the White Nile, starts just above Lake Victoria, the world’s second largest fresh — water lake, in east central Africa. Then it flows to the north. At Sudan’s capital, another great river called the Blue Nile joins the White Nile. Together, they form one very powerful river. Then it goes through Egypt’s famous Nile Valley before reaching the Mediterranean Sea.
Ancient Egypt, the first great African civilization(文明), started along the banks of the Nile more than 5,000 years ago. Ancient Egypt ruled the Nile Valley for thousands of years. Great pyramids and temples were built on the banks and we can still visit them today.
阅读短文，填表格，每空一词。
The Nile — the longest and most famous river in the world
Where does the Nile flow?
The White Nile is the main branch of the Nile. It starts above Lake Victoria and then ___66___to the north.
The Blue Nile joins the White Nile at the ___67___ of Sudan. They form a powerful river.
Then the Nile goes through the Nile Valley. Finally it ___68___the Mediterranean Sea.
The Nile's long and rich banks.
Ancient Egypt started along the banks of the Nile more than 5,000 years ago. Its people built pyramids and temples we can still visit today.
Every year the Nile flooded its banks. The floodwaters covered the banks with a rich soil. Rich farmland____69____ this ancient civilization great.
The Nile made a perfect highway for boats. To go south, boaters put up sails to catch the wind. To go north, they took the sails down. Ancient people ___70___ and sold goods along the river for hundreds of miles.

四、短文语境提示填空（仅2022年有该题型）
（2022·内蒙古通辽）阅读短文，根据语篇意义填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一词。
All around the world, families celebrate special days together. Traditions for these days ___71___ been very different. Some of them may surprise you.
Families in most countries have a special day to celebrate mothers. In Serbia, this day is on ___72___ second Sunday before Christmas. On that day, children sneak (溜) into their mother’s bedroom and tie her feet with ribbon so that she can’t get out of bed. Then they shout, “Mother’s Day, Mother’s Day! What will you pay ___73___ get away?” Then the mother gives them presents so that the kids “free” her.
In China, they say that babies are one year old when they are born. After that, all children celebrate their birthdays on New Year’s Day because that’s when they grow a year ___74___. Actual birthdays are usually celebrated with a big family meal. The tradition is that the “birthday boy” or “birthday girl” should fill their mouth with as ___75___ long noodles as they can and then eat them. This is because in Chinese culture, long noodles are a symbol of long life.
五、完成句子
76．（2022·内蒙古通辽）温故而知新。
_________ the new while __________ the old.
77．（2022·内蒙古通辽）必须制定更多法规来防范任何可能的危险。
More laws must be __________ to __________ against any possible dangers.
78．（2022·内蒙古通辽）这个作家兼演讲家现在正在她的家乡做关于中国文化的讲解。
The writer and speaker _______ _______ a speech on Chinese culture in her hometown now.
79．（2022·内蒙古通辽）孔子是一位著名的哲学家，他的至理名言对不同国家的许多人产生了影响。
Confucius was a famous philosopher __________ wise sayings have __________ many people in different countries.
80．（2022·内蒙古通辽）无论我走到哪里，没有什么能把我和我的祖国分开。
Wherever I go, nothing can make me __________ __________ my motherland.
81．（2021·内蒙古通辽）帮助处在困难中的人一直是中华传统美德之一。
It has been one of the traditional Chinese virtues to help those ________ ________ .
82．（2021·内蒙古通辽）据报道今年中国又有一颗卫星被送入轨道。
It is reported that another satellite has been ________ ________ orbit in China this year.
83．（2021·内蒙古通辽）政府应采取严格措施执行垃圾分类政策。
The government should take strict measures to ________ ________ garbage sorting policy.
84．（2021·内蒙古通辽）只有博览群书，我们才能增长知识、开阔眼界。
Only by ________ ________ can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
85．（2021·内蒙古通辽）“三孩政策”有助于减轻人口老龄化的压力。
The three-child policy contributes to easing the ________ from the aging ________.
86．（2020·内蒙古通辽）我们必须及时上交作业。
We must________ ________ our homework in time.
87．（2020·内蒙古通辽）疫情爆发后，我们政府立即起草了计划。
When epidemic situation________ ________, our government drew up the plan at once.
88．（2020·内蒙古通辽）钟南山被认为是中国最好的医生之一。
Zhong Nanshan is ________ ________one of the best doctors in China.
89．（2020·内蒙古通辽）海洋塑料已随处可见。
Ocean plastic has ________ ________   everywhere.
90．（2020·内蒙古通辽）回想起过去的三年，我懂得了要想成功，就必须努力学习。
________ ________on the past three years, I have learned that if I want to succeed, I must study hard.

参考答案：
1．D
2．C
3．A
4．B
5．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了中国的三种艺术形式。
1．细节理解题。根据“a brush, paper, inkstick (墨) and inkstone. These are called the ‘Four Treasures of the Study’”可知，笔、墨、纸、砚被称为“文房四宝”。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“there are five major kinds of ancient poetic styles called Shi, Ci, Ge, Qu and Fu. During the Tang Dynasty”可知，在古代中国，有五种主要的诗歌风格。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“During the Tang Dynasty, poetry became so important that writing poetry was part of the examinations to work for the government.”可知，在唐朝，如果你想入仕，需要学习写诗。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“Chinese opera is considered as one of the three oldest dramatic art forms in the world. It’s a combination of music, art and literature.”可知，戏曲是音乐、艺术和文学的结合。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据“there are five major kinds of ancient poetic styles called Shi, Ci, Ge, Qu and Fu. During the Tang Dynasty”可知，在古代中国，诗和曲是两种最重要的诗歌形式。故选C。
6．B
7．D
8．B
9．C
10．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在山里开车时，往往走得很慢，一天早上和鹿的“对话”使作者感悟到我们应该放慢脚步，更充分地享受生活。
6．细节理解题。根据“I prefer to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season is.”可知，作者在山里行驶慢的原因是森林的景色很美。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据“I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature.”可知，作者很感谢自己车开得慢，没有错失和鹿交流的美好时刻；故推知如果作者车开得很快，会后悔失去和鹿交流的机会。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据“I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature.”可知，作者很感谢自己车开得慢，没有错失和鹿交流的美好时刻，可推知作者是心存感激的。故选B。
9．词句猜测题。根据“Life is meant to be savored.”及本段语境可知，作者认为人们应该慢下来去享受生活，美好时刻应该被珍视，所以此处指应该品味生活。故选C。
10．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文作者认为我们的生活节奏应该慢下来，学会感受生活中的美好时刻；故“Enjoy Life”可作为本文标题。故选A。
11．C
12．D
13．B
14．D
15．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些科学技术在乌镇的应用。
11．细节理解题。根据“Wuzhen, a water town in East China’s Zhejiang Province, has always been connected with technology.”可知，乌镇一直与科技联系在一起，所以乌镇以科技闻名。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“An AI assistant is placed at the park’s entrance.”可知，人们去乌镇人民公园时最先映入眼帘的是一个人工智能助手。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据“The rubbish can opens by itself when it senses something moving near. It then sorts the rubbish and tells you which kind it falls in.”可知，当垃圾桶感觉到附近有东西移动时，它就会自动打开。然后它会把垃圾分类，告诉人们垃圾属于哪一类，应该扔到哪种垃圾箱。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“By using the park’s app to scan the area, visitors can check out virtual animals by AR cameras.”可知，孩子们可以通过AR摄像头观看各种虚拟动物，所以孩子们喜欢虚拟动物园。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据“All the services were designed according to people’s actual needs”可知，所有的服务都是根据人们的实际需求设计的，推知科技会更好的服务人们。故选A。
16．D
17．B
18．A
19．B
20．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文，文章是孩子们的暑假工作招聘广告：辅导员，乐高工程教员，教师助手和暑假关爱者。
16．
推理判断题。根据“This is an eight-hour everyday job in the ten-day-long program during the summer.”和“ Pay: $10 per hour”可知，夏令营辅导员，每小时10美元，每天工作8小时，一共10天，因此可以挣10×8×10=800美元。故选D。
17．
细节理解题。根据“We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.”可知，要想成为一个乐高工程教员，需要聪明和有创造力，故选B。
18．
细节理解题。根据“teacher’s aides need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment.”可知，老师的助手需要准备材料，帮助孩子完成活动，创造一个安全的环境。故选A。
19．
推理判断题。根据“Summer Care Giver, I’m looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I’m working from 11:00 a. m. to 3:00 p.m.”可知，如果Jerry上午10点到下午4点有空，她可以申请夏季关爱者。故选B。
20．
推理判断题。根据“Kids’ Summer Jobs”可知，此处是工作招聘的广告，因此会在网站上看到，故选A。
21．B
22．C
23．D
24．A
25．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了5G即将到来。5G将会改变我们生活的很多方面，会使我们的生活越来越方便。有了5G，许多事情不再像是梦想。
21．
细节理解题。根据“One can download a two - hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds，”可知，下载一部长达两个小时的电影可能需要不到10秒钟，故选B。
22．
词义猜测题。根据“It means caring for patients from far away.”可知，此处表示远程治疗病人，故选C。
23．
推理判断题。根据“5G will make self-driving cars possible.”和“Even airplanes will become “smart” in the near future.”和“5G will be a big help for students who take online classes.”可知，“5G将使自动驾驶汽车成为可能”，“在不久的将来，就连飞机也会变得“智能”，“5G将为参加网络课程的学生提供很大帮助”，因此不包括没有医生的医院，故选D。
24．
推理判断题。根据“It can connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will cover many cities in China soon. 5G means super-fast data speed. One can download a two - hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.”可知，5G可以把每个人、每件事联系在一起，5G意味着超高速的数据速度，它使我们的生活越来越方便。故选A。
25．
推理判断题。根据“With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams any more.”可知，有了5G，我们的一些梦想总有一天会实现，故选C。
26．A
27．C
28．B
29．D
30．D
【解析】
【分析】
文章通过多个科学家因为好奇而得出的重大发现和发明，说明好奇心对于人类是有好处的，并对这方面的研究做了阐述。
26．
推理判断题。根据“If they hadn’t been curious, what a loss for humans!”可知，作者认为科学家如果没有这些好奇心的话，将是人类的一大损失，所以说这里是强调好奇心的重要性，故选A。
27．
推理判断题。根据“There is a common truth that intellectual curiosity (求知欲）contributes to school performance more than intelligence...”可知，求知欲强的孩子比聪明的孩子会学得更好，故选C。
28．
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“It has been known that both animals and humans are willing to take a risk to satisfy their curiosity despite knowing that the result will remain unchanged.”可知，人类和动物都会有求知，故选B。
29．
段落大意题。根据“...more research should be carried on in this field...”可知，人们应该在好奇心上做更多的研究，故选D。
30．
推理判断题。根据“Researchers newly found that increasing the release of the chemical greatly increased the curiosity in animals.”可知，增加化学物质的释放极大地增加了动物的好奇心。故选D。
31．A
32．D
33．C
34．B
35．D
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文介绍了谷雨这个节气。在谷雨时，雨水开始频繁，促进作物的生长。北方的人们在谷雨期间吃香椿，南方的人喝茶。在北方渔村，人们会庆祝谷雨节。
31．细节理解题。根据Grain Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer可知，谷雨到来的时候是在春天的结尾，夏天的开始，所以谷雨结束的时候，夏季开始。故选A。
32．词义猜测题。flowers in the garden花园里的花；trees in the forest森林里的树；fishes in the sea海里的鱼；plants in the field田间的植物。根据crops的前面的一句话Rain brings up the growth of hundreds of grains雨水会让好几百种谷物开始生长，因此可知crops就是指的前面这句话中的grains，我们知道grains“谷物”都是种在田地里面的植物，即庄稼。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain.可知，谷雨的时候，南方的人们有喝茶的习俗。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据An old Chinese saying goes “toona sinensis before the rain is as tender as silk”. The vegetable is good for the stomach and skin.可知，香椿这种蔬菜在谷雨时节很嫩，有健胃和润肤之功效，所以"toona sinesis" 这种蔬菜很好吃，是健康食品。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据With dry soil and heavy winds, sandstorms may happen more often.可知，第一个的标题是暴风雨；根据There is an old custom in southern China that people drink tea on the day of Grain Rain.可知，第二个的标题是喝茶；根据People in northern China have the tradition to eat the vegetable             toona sinesis during Grain Rain.可知，吃香椿是第三个标题；根据The Grain Rain Festival is celebrated by fishing villages in northern China.可知，谷雨的时候要庆祝，这是一个节日，所以第四个标题是谷雨节。结合给出的选择项，所以这四个标题的顺序是b-d-a-c，故选D。
36．C
37．B
38．D
39．C
40．A
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲为了保护作物多样性，世界上建立了一千四百家种子银行，但这些银行都没有很好的保障性，因此全球农作物多样性信托组织决定建立一个全球种子银行来解决这个问题。文中具体介绍了这个全球性银行的运作及其优势。
36．细节理解题。根据第1段中“Today, the world’s diversity of food crops is quickly decreasing. But scientists around the world are taking action. They are building seed banks. ”可知建立种子银行是为了保护作物多样性。故选C。
37．推理判断题。第2段从第2句开始讲种子银行可能会存在的问题，温暖国家断电、国家遭遇战争、人民损害种子银行等情况都可能使贵重的种子永远消失，结合最后一句“If this happens, valuable seeds can be lost forever!”可知写第2段的目的是讲“如果种子银行被破坏，有价值的种子将永远消失。”故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第2段中讲到的地方种子银行的弊端，结合第4段中“Scientists from the Global Crop Diversity Trust chose the cold, snowy mountains of Svalbard, Norway to build the global seed bank — the Svalbard Global Seed Vault.”讲全球种子银行选址在挪威斯瓦尔巴特群岛寒冷的雪山，寒冷的环境更利于种子保存，由此可推出相对于其他种子银行，全球种子银行能为种子生长提供良好的环境。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据第4段中“They pay to ship their seeds to Norway, but it does not cost them any money to store their seeds.”可知在斯瓦尔巴特群岛全球种子银行储存种子无需付费。故选C。
40．观点态度题。最后一段中Cary Fowler的话“If the Seed Vault simply supplies seed banks with copies of seeds that those banks lost by accident, the Seed Vault will be worth way more than it cost.”意为“如果全球种子银行只是向种子银行提供那些他们意外丢失的种子副本，那么全球种子银行的价值将远远超过其成本。”，由此可以看出Cary Fowler认为全球种子银行很重要。故选A。
41．D
42．B
43．C
44．D
45．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是雷切尔写给南希家长的一封信，信里通过自己的经历来告诉南希的家长如何解决校园欺凌这个问题。
41．
细节理解题。根据Tell him you will not stand it and you want him to put an end to it now，可知，把信息直接给校长看的目的是让他来终止校园欺凌这件事。故选D。
42．
词句猜测题。and表并列关系，划线处的词与a dangerous构成并列关系。根据Bullying is a dangerous and serious offense及结合常识，可知，校园欺凌是一个很危险，并且很严重的冒犯行为，所以offense表示“冒犯行为”。故选B。
43．
推理判断题。根据My daughter did not like me being involved(参与的)either, but you are the only hope she has of solving this problem, so do it and mean business，可知，虽然孩子们不希望家长参与到这件事情里，但是家长是孩子们的唯一希望，所以第三段告诉我们，家长有必要借入孩子被欺凌这件事情。故选C。
44．
细节理解题。根据If repeated meetings with the headmaster (and parents, if he allows it) does not solve the problem, then I would consider hiring a lawyer，可知，如果校长和对方的父母都不能处理欺凌事件，这个时候就要向法律寻求帮助。故选D。
45．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是雷切尔根据自己的经历，给一位被欺凌的孩子家长提供建议，建议他如何终止欺凌事件。故选A。
46．Because we have genes in our body.
47．They found the first “word” that they could understand in that language.
48．By making better medicine.
49．Genes.
50．The discovery of DNA can be good or bad for people.
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了DNA的发现历史，并介绍了这一发现对于人类生活的影响。
46．根据“Mr. Mendel discovered why we look similar to other people in our family. It is because of small things called ‘genes’ in our body.”可知，我们体内有基因，所以像我们的父母。故填Because we have genes in our body.
47．根据“In 1961, another two scientists found the first ‘word’ that they could understand in that language.”可知，1961年，两位科学家发现了他们能用这种语言理解的第一个“单词”。故填They found the first “word” that they could understand in that language.
48．根据“Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine to help sick people.”可知，如果我们发现更多的DNA信息，我们可以通过制造更好的药来帮助病人。故填By making better medicine.
49．根据“It is because of small things called ‘genes’ in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are real messages. They are written in the DNA with a special language.”可知，科学家发现人体内有基因，它们用一种特殊的语言写在DNA里，故划线部分指代“基因”。故填Genes.
50．根据“Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine to help sick people…we will use it in the wrong way”可知，最后一段介绍DNA的发现对人类有好处，但是如果错误运用，对人类可能也有坏处。故填The discovery of DNA can be good or bad for people.
51．In May 2010.
52．The waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.

53．More than 20 feet.
54．Wildlife like polar bears.
55．People will see even bigger waves in icy waters./ Bigger waves in icy waters
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，科学家们在北冰洋发现了海浪，海浪非常大，在很短的时间内将冰块破碎成更小的冰块，这使得依赖冰块生存的北极熊等野生动物处在危险之中。
51．
根据短文第二段“The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010”可知，这些巨大的海浪是在2019年五月份，被科学家“Aleksey Marchenko”和他的学生们发现的。故答案为In May 2010.
52．
根据第五段“He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice……Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.”当船移动进冰内部的时候，浪越来越大，最终把船周围的大冰块破碎成了成千的小冰块。故填The waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.
53．
根据短文第六段“The ship's navigation system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height ”可知，导航系统记录的最大的海浪有20多英尺高。故答案为More than 20 feet.
54．
根据倒数第二段“Wildlife like polar bears that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger”可知像北极熊这样的野生动物将处于危险之中。故填Wildlife like polar bears.
55．
根据最后一段“people will soon see even bigger waves in icy waters”可知人们将很快在冰水中看到甚至更大的波浪。故填People will see even bigger waves in icy waters./ Bigger waves in icy waters.
56．We all have biological clocks inside our bodies.
57．She ran about two miles every morning.
58．They are learning about the importance of time for our bodies.
59．At night is the right time for the person who has a heart attack to take heart medication.
60．Chronobiology can help us live healthier lives.
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要讲了我们起床需要闹钟，那么同样我们的身体也需要生物钟，我们只有按照生物钟的规律生活，才能更健康。
56．
根据文章第一段“We must listen to the clock inside our bodies: the biological clock.”，可知我们身体内部都有生物钟，故答案是We all have biological clocks inside our bodies.
57．
根据第二段“She ran about two miles before she went to work.”，可知她每天跑步大约2英里，故答案是She ran about two miles every morning.
58．
根据第三段“They are learning about the importance of time for our bodies.”，可知医生们正在学习了解时间对我们身体的重要性，故答案是They are learning about the importance of time for our bodies.
59．
根据文章第三段“This information tells them that the best time to take heart medication may be at night.”，可知吃心脏病的药最好是在晚上，这样就可以预防第二天早上心脏病发作，故答案是At night is the right time for the person who has a heart attack to take heart medication.
60．
通读文章可知，作者的写作意图主要是让我们的生活能够按照生物钟的规律进行，这样会使我们的身体更健康，故答案是Chronobiology can help us live healthier lives.
61．arriving
62．important
63．amazed##impressed
64．rich##wealthy
65．written
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要介绍了马克·波罗的生平以及他在中国十七年的故事。
61．
根据“Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17, he travelled along the Silk Road with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. Finally, they arrived in Beijing.”可知，此处介绍的是马克·波罗到达中国之前的生活，arrive in表示“到达”，空前有介词Before，此处用arriving。故填arriving。
62．
根据“The Emperor asked Marco to help him and sent him to do many important jobs all over the country.”可知，马克帮皇帝做很多重要的工作。故填important。
63．
根据“Marco was amazed by how great China was.”以及“He was impressed by the Emperor’s Palace which he described as ‘The greatest palace that I’ve ever seen’. ”可知，中国的美丽让他感到惊讶，给他留下了深刻的印象，amaze/impress sb.表示“使某人感到惊讶/印象深刻”，此处时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填amazed/impressed。
64．
根据“Marco returned to Italy. He had a lot of money then.”可知，马克返回意大利时很富有。故填rich/wealthy。
65．
根据“A writer wrote down all the stories that Marco told him in a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe.”可知，有人写了一本关于他旅行经历的书，write写，与主语“A book”为被动关系，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为be done，write的过去分词为written。故填written。
66．flows
67．capital
68．reaches
69．made
70．bought
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要叙述了世界上最长的河流尼罗河的相关信息，还介绍了沿河两岸农业的发展和河运贸易带来的古埃及文明。
66．
句意：它从维多利亚湖上游开始，然后流向北方。
根据The main branch of the Nile, the White Nile, starts just above Lake Victoria, ……Then it flows to the north. 尼罗河的主要支流白尼罗河从维多利亚湖上游开始，……然后流向北方。结合It starts above Lake Victoria and then 　　1　　to the north.可知，此处表达的是“流向”，即flow to，由前面的starts可知句子时态用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式，故答案为flows。
67．
句意：青尼罗河在苏丹首都与白尼罗河汇合。
根据At Sudan’s capital, another great river called the Blue Nile joins the White Nile. 在苏丹首都，另一条被称为青尼罗河的大河与白尼罗河汇合。结合The Blue Nile joins the White Nile at the __2__ of Sudan.可知青尼罗河在苏丹“首都”与白尼罗河汇合。故答案为capital。
68．
句意：然后尼罗河流经尼罗河谷。最后到达地中海。
根据Then it goes through Egypt’s famous Nile Valley before reaching the Mediterranean Sea. 然后穿过埃及著名的尼罗河谷，到达地中海。结合Finally it 　　3　　the Mediterranean Sea.可知，最后它“到达”地中海。“到达”reach，句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是it，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为reaches。
69．
句意：肥沃的农田造就了这个文明古国的伟大。
根据Without the rich farmland along the banks of Nile, there might be no ancient Egypt civilization. 没有尼罗河沿岸肥沃的农田，也许就没有古埃及文明。结合Rich farmland　　4　　 this ancient civilization great.可知，是肥沃的农田造就了这个文明古国的伟大。make使得、制造，动词，由前面的covered可知句子时态用一般过去时，故答案为made。
70．
句意：古代的人们沿河数百英里进行买卖。
根据Ancient people traded along the river for hundreds of miles. 古代人沿着这条河进行数百英里的贸易。结合Ancient people 　　5　　 and sold goods along the river for hundreds of miles.可知是古代的人们沿河数百英里进行买卖。trade贸易，即buy and sell买卖，由后面的sold可知句子时态用一般过去时，buy的过去式为bought，故答案为bought。
71．have
72．the
73．to
74．older
75．many
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了在特殊的日子里，一家人都会在一起庆祝，并举例说明母亲节和孩子的生日是如何庆祝的。
71．句意：这些日子，传统已经非常不同了。根据“Traditions for these days…been very different.”可知，此处是现在完成时，结构是have/has been，主语Traditions是复数，故用助动词have。故填have。
72．句意：在塞尔维亚，这一天是圣诞节前的第二个星期天。空后的second是序数词，其前应加定冠词the。故填the。
73．句意：故你要付多少钱才能脱身？根据“What will you pay…get away?”可知，付钱的目的是脱身，故用动词不定式表目的。填to。
74．句意：在那之后，所有的孩子都在新年那天庆祝他们的生日，因为那是他们长大一岁的时候。根据“that’s when they grow a year…”可知，孩子们在新年会长大一岁，应用形容词old的比较级older。故填older。
75．句意：传统上，“生日男孩”或“生日女孩”应该在嘴里塞满尽可能多的长面条，然后吃掉它们。根据“the ‘birthday boy’ or ‘birthday girl’ should fill their mouth with…”可知，吃面条时，若想将嘴巴填满，应该吃很多面条；many“许多”，修饰名词noodles。故填many。
76．     Learn     reviewing
【解析】
【详解】
“温故而知新”意为“学习新的，复习旧的”；learn“学习”，动词原形置于句首表祈使语气，首字母大写；review“复习”，while后省略了“主语+be动词”，review用其现在分词形式。故填Learn；reviewing。
77．     made     guard
【解析】
【详解】
根据中英文对照可知，make laws“制定法规”，第一空考查含情态动词must的被动语态，结构是must be done，故make用其过去分词形式made。guard against“防范”，第二空考查动词不定式表目的，故guard用其原形。故填made；guard。
78．     is     giving
【解析】
【详解】
根据中英文对照可知，此处考查短语give a speech“发表演讲”；由“now”可知，此处是现在进行时，结构是am/is/are doing；主语“The writer and speaker”是同一个人，为第三人称，故用be动词is。故填is；giving。
79．     whose     affected
【解析】
【详解】
第一空为关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词a famous philosopher，且关系代词在句中作定语，故第一空应为whose；affect“影响”，动词，第二空考查现在完成时，结构是have/has done，故affect用其过去分词形式。故填whose；affected。
80．     separate     from
【解析】
【详解】
根据中英文对照可知，此处考查短语separate from“把……和……分开”；make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，故separate用其原形。故填separate；from。
81．     in     trouble
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
in trouble处于困难中，此处作后置定语，修饰代词those，故填in；trouble。
82．     sent     into
【解析】
【详解】
send into“发送到……”，结合语境及“has been”可知，此处是现在完成时的被动结构，动词应用过去分词，故填sent into。
83．     carry     out
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
carry out执行，take measures to do sth采取措施做某事，故填carry；out。
84．     reading     widely
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
通过中英文句子对照可知，英文句子中需要翻译的部分是“博览群书”，即“广泛地阅读”，英文表达用read widely，read是动词，因此用副词widely修饰；且by为介词，后接动词的-ing形式；故填reading；widely。
85．     pressure     population
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
pressure压力，the pressure of表示“……的压力”，population人口，故填pressure；population。
86．     hand     in
【解析】
【详解】
情态动词must后面用动词原形，表示“上交”用动词短语hand in。故答案为hand in。
87．     broke     out
【解析】
【详解】
固定搭配：break out表示“爆发”，when引导时间状语从句，主句drew up是一般过去时，表述过去发生的事情，从句也用一般过去时，所以空格处填broke out。故答案为broke out。
88．     considered/regarded     as
【解析】
【详解】
动词consider/regard表示“认为”，动词搭配consider/regard……as意为认为某人/某物是……，钟南山和认为之间是被动关系。此处表示“被认为是……”，此处用一般现在时的被动语态is considered/regarded as。故答案为considered/regarded as。
89．     been     seen
【解析】
【详解】
根据语境可知，这件事情已经发生，时态为现在完成时，且“海洋塑料”和“看见”之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，即has been done。故填been；seen。
90．     Thinking     back
【解析】
【详解】
根据语境可知，回想起过去的三年，think back on回想，固定短语，此处应用现在分词thinking作状语表伴随。故答案为Thinking，back。