2021-2022学年北京市重点中学高二下学期阶段性反馈英语试卷含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年北京市重点中学高二下学期阶段性反馈英语试卷含解析，共31页。
2021-2022学年北京市重点中学高二下学期阶段性反馈英语试卷
(Time: 90 min； Score: 100’)
Part I (63’)
I. Grammar (1’*15=15’)
1. He couldn’t make his voice ______ above the noise of the traffic.
A. to hear B. hearing
C. heard D. hear
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的声音盖不过交通噪音。句子结构完整，所以需用hear的非谓语动词形式，且根据句意，他不能让他的声音“被听见”，动词-ed形式表示被动或完成，本句中的heard作宾语补足语，故选C。
2. This is the second time we ________ this question in a test.
A. saw B. see C. will see D. have seen
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是我们在一次测试中第二次遇到这个问题。此处为固定句型：it/this/that is+序数词+time (that) sb. have/has done，that引导的定语从句应使用现在完成时，主语we是复数，助动词用have。故选D。
3. The store______ I bought my textbooks is having a sale this week.
A. that B. where
C. which D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我买课本的那个商店这周要进行大甩卖。先行词store表示地点，且从句I bought my textbooks结构完整，故选择关系副词where修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，故选B。
4. Agatha didn’t tell me ______ she would pick up her son from school.
A. which B. when
C. where D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连接副词。句意：Agatha没有告诉我她什么时候去学校接她儿子。本题的从句属于tell后的宾语从句，从句中主谓宾和地点状语都有，应使用表示时间的连接副词when，故选B。
5. ______ a book in front of your face, you’ll feel the air moving against your face.
A. Waved B. Wave
C. To wave D. Waving
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在脸前挥舞一本书，你就会感到空气在脸上流动。主语you和wave为逻辑上的主动关系，故用动词-ing形式引导条件状语，故选D。
6. You’ll recognize me when you get out of the station. I______ jeans and a white T-shirt.
A. will be wearing B. had worn
C. was wearing D. have worn
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：你出站的时候，就会认出我来，我将穿一条牛仔裤和一件白衬衫。根据You’ll recognize可知，wear的动作发生在将来，故选A。
7. It is well known _____Confucius was born in the city of Qufu in Shandong province, China.
A. whether B. where
C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意：众所周知，孔子出生在中国山东省的曲阜市。本题中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，故选C。
8. If you were to have a few minutes free, I______ the opportunity to ask you one more question.
A. would appreciate B. would have appreciated
C. were to appreciate D. had appreciated
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你有几分钟的空闲时间，我将会珍惜这个机会再问您一个问题。将来时的虚拟语气中，从句为：if+主语+were to do/should do/动词过去式，主句为：主语+should/would +do，故选A。
9. I didn’t get in touch with David yesterday, since he ________ a meeting when I called.
A. chaired B. was chairing C. had chaired D. would chair
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我昨天没有和大卫联系，因为我打电话的时候他正在主持会议。A. chaired一般过去时；B. was chairing过去进行时；C. had chaired过去完成时；D. would chair过去将来时。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境可知，此处指过去某个时间点正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was。故选B。
10. Not until ________, ________ the camp site.
A. the sun went down; they reached B. did the sun go down; they reached
C. the sun went down; did they reach D. did the sun go down; did they reach
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和部分倒装。句意：直到太阳下山，他们才到达营地。句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，not until引导时间状语从句，从句应用陈述语序，即the sun went down，“not until+从句”置于句首时，主句应用部分倒装结构，将助动词提到主语之前，即did they reach。故选C项。
11. The shocking news made us realize ________ terrible problems we would face.
A. why B. how C. what D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个令人震惊的消息使我们意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且是感叹句，空后“terrible problems”是名词短语，应用what修饰，how修饰形容词或副词。故选C项。
12. You should answer the questions the information on your card.
A. used B. using C. to use D. being used
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你应该用卡上的信息来回答问题。本句中use做非谓语动词，做方式状语，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬应用-ing形式，you与use构成主动关系，故选B。
13. —Is Mr. Lewis still here?
—No. He ________ here for about an hour and then left.
A. is B. was C. has been D. would be
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——Mr. Lewis还在这儿吗？——没有。他在这儿待了大概一个小时就离开了。结合语境和and then left可知，此处陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故选B。
14. —Where did you first meet him?
—It was in a village ________ you can enjoy the nature and fresh air.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你在哪里初次见到他？——在一个可以享受大自然和呼吸新鲜空气的村庄里。此处为限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词a village并在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故选D。
15. The newly-published dictionary will be of great help to foreigners ________ Chinese.
A. learn B. learnt C. learning D. having learnt
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本新出版的词典将对学习汉语的外国人有很大帮助。空处作非谓语动词，learn与逻辑主语foreigners之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故选C项。
II. Cloze (1’*10=10’)
An Effective Commercial
I have to admit that I rarely watch commercials, since most of them are boring and stupid. When watching commercials, we are “learning” that consumption makes us happy and that we need to buy everything. This really makes me ____16____. Recently, however, a commercial for a major retail (零售) store got my attention
A young lady is talking over the phone to her family right before Christmas. She is upset because she won’t be with them for the holidays. I believe she is talking to her mother, who asks her if she has received the ____17____ that were sent to her. The young lady ____18____ that she hasn’t, and the mother expresses concern that they should have arrived by now. The mother suggests that she check the doorstep. At this point, the young lady opens her front door, and ____19____ there is her family on the doorstep. They have come to celebrate the Christmas season with her.
This is where I got ____20____. What a surprise! This has never happened to me, but I can ____21____ how wonderful it would be. The holidays are a good time to ____22____ connections and renew relationships among family members. People can communicate with each other and ____23____ a sense of belonging. So once again I am reminded that the best Christmas gifts are not the ones you buy in the retail store. They are gifts of love, family and time spent together happily.
Commercials can ____24____ the audience if they are made effectively. A good commercial for me is when I can forget that it is a commercial for something I have to buy and instead _____25_____ it with an experience in my own life or the lives of others.
16. A. relaxed B. annoyed C. nervous D. curious
17. A. materials B. reports C. messages D. presents
18. A. argues B. responds C. mentions D. proves
19. A. practically B. fortunately C. successfully D. surprisingly
20. A. improved B. confused C. affected D. stressed
21. A. imagine B. approve C. remember D. promise
22. A. suggest B. confirm C. identify D. strengthen
23. A. accept B. share C. admit D. judge
24. A. move B. control C. protect D. encourage
25. A. promote B. update C. associate D. discover
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解了“人情味”在商业广告中的重要性，且给出了作者认为好的广告的标准。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这真的让我很恼火。A. relaxed放松的；B. annoyed烦恼的；C. nervous紧张的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“most of them are boring and stupid”和“we need to buy everything”可知，大多数广告都很无聊和愚蠢，让人们去购买一切，这让作者感到烦恼。故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信她是在和她妈妈说话，她妈妈问她是否收到了寄给她的礼物。A. materials材料；B. reports报告；C. messages信息；D. presents礼物。根据下文“the best Christmas gifts”可知，是礼物。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻女士回答说她没有，母亲表示担心它们现在应该已经到了。A. argues争论；B. responds作答；C. mentions提到；D. proves证明。根据上文“asks her if she has received the presents that were sent to her”可知，妈妈在问她是否收到礼物，下文应是她对妈妈的话的回答。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这位年轻女士打开了她的前门，令人惊讶的是，她的家人就在门口。A. practically实际地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. successfully成功地；D. surprisingly惊讶地。根据上文“asks her if she has received the presents that were sent to her”和下文“What a surprise!”可知，妈妈告诉女儿，她送的是礼物，但是女儿打开门看见的却是家人，应该很惊讶。故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是我感动的地方。A. improved改良的，改进过的；B. confused困惑的，混乱的；C. affected被打动的；D. stressed紧张的。根据上文“This really makes me annoyed.”可知，作者对广告反感。根据下文“What a surprise!”可知，作者被这个广告惊喜到了，因为他很感动。故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这从来没有发生在我身上，但我可以想象那会是多么美妙。A. imagine想象；B. approve批准，赞成；C. remember记得；D. promise保证。根据上文“What a surprise! This has never happened to me”可知，作者觉得这很惊喜，但是这从来没发生在他身上过，所以他只能想象它的美好。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：假期是加强家庭成员之间联系和更新关系的好时机。A. suggest建议；B. confirm确认；C. identify确定；D. strengthen加强。从后面and renew relationships among family members来看，这小题要填的词和renew是同一性质，并且和relationships相搭配。“strengthen connections”意为“加强联系”，符合句意，故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们可以相互交流，分享归属感。A. accept接受；B. share分享；C. admit承认，容许；D. judge判断。根据前文“communicate”就是表示“交流，分享”，且根据and表示并列，故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果制作得好，商业广告可以打动观众。A. move移动，感动；B. control控制；C. protect保护；D. encourage鼓励。根据上文“This is where I got affected.”可知，作者认为好的广告应该要感动观众。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，一个好的广告是当我忘记这是我必须购买的东西的广告，而是将它与我自己或他人生活中的经历联系起来。A. promote提升；B. update更新；C. associate联想、联系；D. discover发现。根据上文“This is where I got affected. What a surprise! This has never happened to me, but I can imagine how wonderful it would be.”可知，作者因为这支广告联想到了自己的相关经历，这是作者认为的好广告。故选C项。
III. Reading comprehension (2’*19=38’)
A
Finding a New Spring
A tradesman was leading a caravan(商队) to another country to sell his goods. Along the way they came to the edge of a severe hot-sand desert. They learnt that during the daytime the sun heats up the fine sand until it’s as hot as charcoal, so no one can walk on it — not even bullocks(小公牛) or camels! So the caravan leader hired a desert guide, one who could follow the stars, so they could travel only at night when the sand cools down. They began the dangerous night-time journey across the desert. A couple of nights later, after eating their evening meal, and waiting for the sand to cool, they started out again.
Later that night, the desert guide, who was driving the first cart, saw from the stars that they were getting close to the other side of the desert. He had also overeaten, so that when he relaxed, he fell asleep. Then the bullocks who, of course, couldn’t tell directions by reading the stars, gradually turned to the side and went in a big wide circle until they ended up at the same place they had started from! By then it was morning, and the people realized they were back at the same spot. They lost heart and began to cry about their condition. Since the desert crossing was supposed to be over by now, they had no more water and were afraid they would die of thirst. They even began to blame the caravan leader and the desert guide.
However, the leader himself didn’t lose courage. He began walking back and forth, trying to think out a plan. Remaining alert, out of the corner of his eye, he noticed a small clump of grass. He thought, "Without water, no plant could live in this desert." So he asked his fellow travelers to dig up the ground on that very spot. They dug and dug, and after a while they got down to a large stone. He got down into the hole, put his ear to the stone, and heard the sound of flowing water.
A spring was found. All the people were overjoyed. They drank and bathed and washed the animals and cooked their food and ate. Before they left, they raised a high flag so that other travelers could see the new spring in the middle of the hot-sand desert. Then they continued on safely to the end of their journey.
26. Why did the tradesman and his caravan have to travel during the night?
A. To use less water while crossing the desert.
B. It was too hot to walk on the desert in the daytime.
C. They might be able to find the spring in the quiet night.
D. The guide could find a short way by following the stars.
27. Why did the group feel so desperate when they were back to the starting point?
A. They were in danger of dying of thirst.
B. They were running out of food.
C. Their guide had lost the way.
D. Their leader had lost heart.
28. What is the moral of the story?
A. Never give up too easily.
B. Don’t mind what others think of you.
C. Don’t forget sorrow follows extreme joy.
D. Never refuse to offer help when you are needed.
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一支行走在沙漠里的商队在失去方向、没有水源的绝望境地下，商队的领导者没有放弃，苦苦想着办法，最终依靠自己的判断力找到了水源，拯救了整个商队。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第一段“So the caravan leader hired a desert guide, one who could follow the stars, so they could travel only at night when the sand cools down.”可知，这个商队的领导者雇了一个可以跟随星星的沙漠向导，所以他们可以在晚上等沙子变凉的时候再行进，故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二段“Since the desert crossing was supposed to be over by now, they had no more water and were afraid they would die of thirst”可知，他们到目前为止，理应走完沙漠的，但现在他们没有水了，害怕会渴死，所以他们感到绝望，故选A。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章可知，这个商队雇佣的沙漠向导在行进的过程当中睡着了，所以整个队伍失去了方向，他们几经寻找方向后无果，带的水也已经喝完，他们都绝望不已，但商队的领导者并没有放弃，苦苦想着办法，最终依靠自己的判断力找到了水源，拯救了整个商队，所以这篇文章的寓意就是“不要轻易放弃”，故选A。
B
I am Henry Jekyll. I was born in the 1800s. I inherited(继承) a large fortune, a healthy body and an excellent mind. I was naturally hard-working and soon I was very successful in my job. So the outside world saw a serious, hard-working, successful doctor. Behind this quiet character, however, was a wild, fun-loving, irresponsible young man. Both of them were me. They lived together in the same body.
“Was it possible,” I wondered, “to find a drug that could give each side of my character its own separate face and body?”
After much thought and careful study I believed I had found the answer. I had read many scientific books and spent many hours in my laboratory, searching for the right mixture of chemicals to make my drug. At last I got everything ready.
Late one night, I mixed everything together and prepared my drug. I watched the smoke rising from the liquid as its color changed from red to purple and at last to green. Then, bravely, I drank every bitter drop.I felt a violent sickness in my stomach and a terrible pain in all my bones. The room seemed to turn round and round and I trembled with fear. Then the fear and pain disappeared and a strange, sweet feeling took its place. Wild thoughts danced through my mind—the wild passions of an evil and cruel stranger. But inside myself I felt younger, lighter, more carefree than ever before. “If this is pure evil,” I thought, “I like it.”
I stood there, enjoying these strange new thoughts and passions and suddenly realized that I was shorter. So I decided to go to my bedroom in my new body and take a look at myself in the mirror there. As I came into my room, I saw Edward Hyde for the first time.
At that time, the good side of my character was stronger than the evil side. Henry Jekyll had his faults, but he was mostly a good, kind man. I believe that is the reason why Edward Hyde was so much smaller than Henry Jekyll. But that was not the only difference between the two men. Henry Jekyll had a kind, open, honest face. But pure evil stared out of Edward Hyde’s eyes. I felt no dislike, however. Indeed, I welcomed him. Edward Hyde was me, young and strong and full of life.
29. In others’ eyes, the writer was ______.
A. wild and successful B. fun-loving and responsible
C. quiet and irresponsible D. serious and hard-working
30. The writer wanted to find a drug to ______.
A. discover the right mixture of chemicals
B. create separate bodies for both sides
C. observe the change of the chemicals
D. make himself smaller but stronger
31. From the passage we can learn that the writer ______.
A. felt quite delighted right after taking the drug
B. preferred kind Henry to pure evil Edward
C. was very sick of the shorter Edward Hyde
D. was satisfied with both of his bodies
【答案】29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。作者是一个外表严肃、勤奋、成功的年轻医生，而内心又是一个狂野、有趣、不负责任的人。有一天，他发明了能为他性格两面创造出独立身体的药物。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“So the outside world saw a serious, hard-working, successful doctor.”（所以，从外面的世界看到了一个认真，勤奋，成功的医生。）可知，作者在外人眼中是一个严肃、勤奋、成功的医生。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Was it possible,” I wondered, “to find a drug that could give each side of my character its own separate face and body?”（我想知道，找到一种能让我性格的每一面都有自己的脸和身体的药是可能的吗？）可推知，作者想找一种药物来为两种性格创造不同的身体。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Henry Jekyll had a kind, open, honest face. But pure evil stared out of Edward Hyde’s eyes. I felt no dislike, however. Indeed, I welcomed him. Edward Hyde was me, young and strong and full of life.”（Henry Jekyll有开放而诚实的脸孔。但是，纯粹的邪恶从Edward Hyde的眼睛里瞪了出来。然而，我并不觉得讨厌。的确，我欢迎他。Edward Hyde是我，年轻强壮、充满活力。）可推知，作者对他的两个独立的个体还是很满意的。故选D。
C
Upskilling is the future—but it must work for everyone
Automation and job replacement will be one of the most significant challenges for the global economy of the coming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey report established that 375 million workers will need to switch occupational categories by 2030. The World Economic Forum suggests that by 2022, automation will replace 75 million jobs globally—but create 133 million new ones.
Research into the likelihood that a job will be impacted by digitization has largely focused on the “automatability” of the role and the following economic regional and political effects of this. What this research doesn’t take into account is something more important for the millions of taxi drivers and retail workers across the globe: their likelihood of being able to change to another job that isn’t automatable. Recent research suggests that the answer to this may be that the skills that enable workers to move up the ladder to more complex roles within their current areas might be less important than broader skills that will enable workers to change across divisions.
In July, Amazon announced that it would spend $700 million retraining around 30% of its 300,000 US workforce. While praiseworthy, it will be interesting to see the outcome. In the UK, the National Retraining Scheme has largely been led by employers, meaning that those on zero-hours contracts and part-time workers—often low-skilled—will miss out. Governance will be a crucial element of ensuring that such schemes focus on individuals and life-long learning, rather than upskilling workers into roles that will soon also face automation.
According to the Mckinsey report, “growing awareness of the scale of the task ahead has yet to translate into action. Public spending on labour-force training and support has fallen for years in most member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development,” which impacts more than just the low-skilled and poorly compensated.
The global impact of automation is also put into relief by research demonstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, income inequality increased throughout the world. Billions of people do not have the essentials of life as defined by the UN Sustainable Development goals.
Alongside climate change, automation is arguably tech’s biggest challenge. As with globalization, governments and employers—and us workers—ignore its potential consequences at risk to ourselves.
32. It can be known from Paragraph 2 that .
A. recent research has found ways to face automation
B. broad skills are of great significance in changing jobs
C. regional economy can affect the automatability of a job
D. it is even harder for workers to move up the social ladder
33. What is the author’s attitude towards retraining programs?
A. Supportive. B. Critical.
C. Skeptical. D. Sympathetic.
34. According to the author what is one consequence of automation?
A. Less spending on training. B. A slowdown of globalization.
C. Social unrest and instability. D. An increase in income inequality.
35. The passage is written to .
A. argue the urgency of creating new jobs B. compare globalization with automation
C. analyze the automatability of certain jobs D. stress the importance of upskilling workers
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及美国工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Recent research suggests that the answer to this may be that the skills that enable workers to move up the ladder to more complex roles within their current areas might be less important than broader skills that will enable workers to change across divisions.可知最近的研究表明，这个问题的答案可能是，使工人能够在其目前的领域内晋升到更复杂的角色的技能，可能不如使工人能够跨部门转换的更广泛的技能重要。由此可知，广泛的技能在换工作中是非常重要的。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中In the UK, the National Retraining Scheme has largely been led by employers, meaning that those on zero-hours contracts and part-time workers—often low-skilled—will miss out.可知在英国，国家再培训计划在很大程度上是由雇主主导的，这意味着那些签订零时合同的人和兼职工人——往往技能低下——将会错过机会。由此可推知，作者对再培训计划持怀疑态度。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中The global impact of automation is also put into relief by research demonstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, income inequality increased throughout the world.可知研究表明，1988年至2015年期间，世界各地的收入不平等现象加剧，这也让自动化对全球的影响得到了缓解。由此可推知，作者认为自动化的一个后果是收入不平等加剧。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题Upskilling is the future—but it must work for everyone(技能提升是未来的趋势，但它必须适用于每个人)结合文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。由此可推知，这篇文章是为了强调提高工人技能的重要性。故选D。
D
Picture this: It’s 2003 and your family has just finished arguing over which Netflix movies to rent that week. Movies come in the mail and the family watch them throughout the week before sending them back and ordering new ones. Then, fast forward to 2008, and you have started to watch TV shows on Netflix’s new platform.
Now, let’s come to the present. You sit down and open up Netflix on your TV and scroll for a while. Then you flip over to Hulu to see if they have anything more interesting to offer. Then you check HBO GO. Finally, you check Disney+. Then you realize that you’re paying for four different streaming services, maybe more.
Let’s return to Netflix. More generally, streaming. There are over 100 video streaming services available, as well as quite a few music streaming, including Apple Music, YouTube Music, Google Play, and etc. The streaming world, at least to some, is on its way to getting out of control, with each service requiring its own monthly subscription. And that is just entertainment subscriptions. We haven’t even taken into account subscriptions like Microsoft Office, magazine subscriptions, and email newsletters. Subscriptions started out as a service of convenience, but now, the oversaturation may have become burdensome. The services believe customers will pay more to get the content they want. However, statistics show a growing frustration(失望) among consumers. With so many options, they find it harder than ever to make a decision on what to pick.
Not only does the oversaturation of streaming result in confusing navigation, it also creates a financial burden for the consumers. Let’s say if you want to watch Stranger Things , The Handmaid’s Tale , and Game of Thrones , which belong to three different services, you would have to pay nearly $50 a month to access all three of those services, meaning it’s not cheaper, and potentially more expensive, than cable.
People cut their cords and went the streaming route because it was simpler and cheaper. Now, it’s just as inconvenient and difficult as cable was, if not more so, and unless you’re limiting yourself to one service, it’s not cheaper. Streaming will survive because we’re in a Golden Age of Media and because each service is able to create high-quality originals. But Golden Ages don’t last, and bubbles tend to burst. Until the inevitable(不可避免的) day when some product or service proves streaming out of date, we must suffer the choices in front of us. The next time you are scrolling through Netflix, Hulu, or whatever, and the overchoice is killing you, maybe you should just go pick up a book instead.
36. What is mainly talked about in the first two paragraphs?
A. Social progress has promoted the quality of life in the past decade.
B. Changes in home entertainment have brought us more options.
C. Technology innovation results in different ways of relaxation.
D. Netflix has been developing its service patterns.
37. What does the underlined word “oversaturation” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A. The large number of subscriptions.
B. The frustration caused by poor service.
C. The rapidly developing entertainment market.
D. The confusing navigation resulting from streaming.
38. According to the passage, streaming services may____.
A. enhance user satisfaction
B. increase energy consumption
C. raise entertainment costs
D. realize the resource sharing
39. The author would probably agree that ___.
A. the streaming service will have a bright future
B. reading has an advantage over streaming service
C. there will be some better service to replace streaming
D. nothing can end streaming services as long as media exists
【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了如今家庭娱乐的变化给人们带来了更多的选择，这些娱乐以四种流媒体为主。但是流媒体，至少对一些人来说，正在走向失控，文章指出了如今流媒体存在的一些问题，如大量的订阅导致消费者选择混乱和经济负担的增加。作者最后指出将来也许会有一些更好的服务来取代流媒体。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段It’s 2003 and your family has just finished arguing over which Netflix movies to rent that week.hen, fast forward to 2008, and you have started to watch TV shows on Netflix’s new platform.先是描绘了从2003年人们在家为那周该租哪部Netflix电影而争吵，到2008年开始在Netflix的新平台上看电视节目，第二段 中Then you realize that you’re paying for four different streaming services, maybe more.则是进一步描绘了如今人们在家看电视时，为四种不同流媒体付费的情况，由此可知，前两段主要讲了家庭娱乐的变化给我们带来了更多的选择。故选B。
【37题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文Subscriptions started out as a service of convenience, but now可知订阅一开始是一种方便的服务，但现在，过多的订阅可能已经成为一种负担。由此可知，第3段下划线的“oversaturation”一词可能指的是“大量的订阅”。故选A。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Not only does the oversaturation of streaming result in confusing navigation, it also creates a financial burden for the consumers.可知过于饱和的引流不仅造成了导流的混乱，也给消费者带来了经济负担。以及后文…meaning it’s not cheaper, and potentially more expensive, than cable可知……这意味着它并不比有线电视便宜，而且可能比有线电视更贵。由此可知，流媒体服务可能会提高家庭娱乐成本。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中But Golden Ages don’t last, and bubbles tend to burst. Until the inevitable day when some product or service proves streaming out of date, we must suffer the choices in front of us. The next time you are scrolling through Netflix, Hulu, or whatever, and the overchoice is killing you, maybe you should just go pick up a book instead.可知但黄金时代不会持久，泡沫往往会破裂。直到不可避免的那一天，一些产品或服务被证明是过时的，我们必须忍受我们面前的选择。下次当你在Netflix、Hulu或其他网站上滚动浏览时，过多的选择会杀了你，也许你应该去拿一本书来代替。由此判断出，作者可能会同意将会有一些更好的服务来取代流媒体。故选C。
E
How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. ____40____ Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.
To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. ____41____ In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.
So what is behind “jumping”?Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and nonjumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. ____42____
It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions made at first blush without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
____43____ A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one. ____44____ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
D. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.
E. We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers.
G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
【答案】40. C 41. B 42. F 43. A 44. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。但一种叫元认知训练的方法可以帮助那些急于得出结论的人。
【40题详解】
根据上文“How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. （你在做决定之前花了多少时间做研究？有些人在做出选择之前会仔细考虑每一个细节）”结合下文提到了jumper“急于得出结论的人”可知，呼应上文仔细考虑每一个细节的人，空处应提出另一种人——急于得出结论的人。C项“但相当一部分人很快就会得出结论”符合题意，与上文内容形成对比。故选C。
【41题详解】
根据上文“We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.（我们发现，在需要深思熟虑分析的问题上，急于得出结论的人比仔细思考的人犯的错误更多）”和下文“In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.（在一次关于美国公民的测验中，他们大大高估了自己答案正确的几率——即使他们的答案是错误的）”推知，急于得出结论的人不仅容易犯错，而且过于自信，即使在答案是错误的情况下还高估答案正确的几率。B项“此外，急于得出结论的人也有过度自信的问题”符合题意，呈上启下。故选B。
【42题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and nonjumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. （自动系统，反映容易、自发且无需努力就能进入大脑的想法，以及控制系统，包括有意识和轻松的推理。急于得出结论的人和仔细思考者同样受到自动思维的影响）”可知，两类人都受到自动思维的影响。但因为是两种不同的人，因此他们在受影响的程度，或思维模式方面可能有所不同。F项“然而，急于得出结论的人并没有像仔细思考者那样进行控制推理”符合题意，承接上文，指出了他们的不同之处。故选F。
【43题详解】
空处位于段首，应开启下文。根据下文“A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.（一种叫做元认知训练的方法可以用来针对他们的偏见，这可以帮助人们更慎重地思考。在这个培训中，参与者要面对自己的偏见。他们可以学习到错误的地方和思考问题的其他方法。它有助于消除参与者的过度自信）”可知，有方法帮助急于得出结论的人克服他们的问题，消除过度自信。A项“幸运的是，急于得出结论者可能还有一些希望”符合题意。故选A。
【44题详解】
根据上文“In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one.（在日常生活中，我们是应该深思熟虑，还是按照直觉行事，这是一个常见而重要的问题）”和下文“Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.（有时候，我们做出的最重要决定可能要做出选择之前多花些时间）”可知，相较于按照直觉行事，深思熟虑对我们更有帮助。G项“最近的研究表明，即使只收集了一点更多的证据，也可以帮助我们避免重大错误”符合题意。故选G。
Part II (37’)
IV. (0.5’*24=12’)
Fill in the blanks with a proper form of the words or phrases in the boxes below.
category witness precise visual generate originate
anticipate convey innovator stimulate relevant qualify

45. Nobody knows ________ how many people are still suffering from the epidemic.
46. Now try to ________ in your mind what success will look like, maybe a picture of you holding your admission letter from Peking University and all you friends and family congratulating you.
47. Brainstorming is a good way of ________ ideas.
48. Competitors will be judged in two age ________: 5-10 years and 11-14 years.
49. We are now________ a lot of negative energy due to the spread of COVIID-19.
50. All carbohydrates (碳水化合物)________ from plants.
51. Try ________ what the interviewers will ask in a job interview.
52. The poem ________ his deep love for nature.
53. ________ work experience is required for overseas postings.
54. We know ________ can be remarkably creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions.
55. This training course will ________ you for a better job.
56. I’m very into detective stories, because I find them exciting and ________.
【答案】45. precisely
46. generate
47. stimulating
48. categories
49. witnessing
50. originate
51. to anticipate
52. conveyed
53. Relevant
54. innovators
55. qualify
56. visual
【解析】
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：没有人确切知道有多少人仍在遭受这种流行病的折磨。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，修饰动词knows，precise“确切的”为形容词，其副词形式precisely作状语修饰动词knows，符合句意。故填precisely。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，努力在你的脑海中生成成功的样子，也许是一张你拿着北京大学的录取通知书，你所有的朋友和家人向你祝贺的照片。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语动词，generate“生成，产生”为动词，try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，空处使用动词原形形式，符合句意。故填generate。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：头脑风暴是激发想法的好方法。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语动词，stimulate“激发”为动词，其动名词形式stimulating作介词of的宾语，符合句意。故填stimulating。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：参赛者将被分为两个年龄组：5-10岁和11-14岁。分析句子可知，空处应为介词in的宾语，category“类别，种类”为名词，数词two后使用名词的复数categories，符合句意。故填categories。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：由于COVIID-19的传播，我们现在目睹了许多负面能量。分析句子可知，空处应为句子谓语，witness“见证，目睹”为动词，其ing形式witnessing与空前的are构成现在进行时，作句子谓语，符合句意。故填witnessing。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：所有碳水化合物都来自植物。分析句子可知，空处应为句子谓语，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，originate“起源，发源”为动词，主语All carbohydrates是名词复数，谓语动词使用其原形形式originate，符合句意。故填originate。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：努力预测面试官在工作面试中会问些什么。分析句子可知，空处应为动词try的宾语，构成try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，anticipate“预期，预测”为动词，其不定式形式作动词try的宾语，符合句意。故填to anticipate。
【52题详解】
考查动词。句意：这首诗表达了他对大自然的热爱。分析句子可知，空处应为句子谓语，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，convey“表达”为动词，其过去式形式conveyed作谓语，符合句意。故填conveyed。
【53题详解】
考查形容词。句意：海外任职需要相关工作经验。分析句子可知，空处应为定语修饰work experience，relevant“相关的”为形容词，置于句首，首字母大写，符合句意。故填Relevant。
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们知道，创新者可以非常有创造性地将技术带向意想不到的方向。分析句子可知，空处应为know之后的宾语从句中的主语，innovator“创新者”为名词，其复数形式innovators表示泛指，作从句主语，符合句意。故填innovators。
【55题详解】
考查动词。句意：这门培训课程将使你有资格获得更好的工作。分析句子可知，空处应为句子谓语，qualify“使具备资格”为动词，will后接动词原形形式作句子谓语，符合句意。故填qualify。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我非常喜欢侦探小说，因为我觉得它们既刺激又直观。分析句子可知，空处与exciting并列作宾语补足语，visual“视觉的”为形容词，符合句意。故填visual。
Fill in the blanks with a proper form of the words or phrases in the boxes below.
react to interact absorb contradictory interpret stretch
setting submit vacant scan consist of subjective

57 The future economy might ________ rapid interactions between artificial intelligences.
58. I wonder how my classmates would ________ my “interesting” presentation.
59. Millions of people want new, simplified ways of ________ with a computer.
60. He nodded absently, his attention ________ by the screen.
61. He rejected an objective understanding of color, in favor of a more ________ understanding.
62. But as we raise this question, we ignore one thing, that making money and self-satisfaction is not ________.
63. The 1930s was used by the director as the ________ for this television series.
64. The plan will ________ to the committee for official approval.
65. I cannot understand the meaning of the poem. Can you ________ it for me?
66. It was good to get out of the car and ________ our legs after a long ride.
67. The seat next to him was ________, and anybody could take it.
68. I ________ the list quickly for my name.
【答案】57. consist of
58. react to
59. interacting
60. absorbed
61. subjective

62 contradictory
63. setting
64. be submitted

65. interpret
66. stretch
67. vacant 68. scanned

【解析】
【57题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：未来经济可能由人工智能之间的快速交互组成。根据“rapid interactions between artificial intelligences”可知，此处是指未来经济可能由人工智能之间的快速交互组成，动词短语consist of“由……组成”符合题意，情态动词might后跟动词原形。故填consist of。
【58题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我想知道我的同学们会对我的“有趣”的陈述作何反应。would后应接动词或动词短语的原形，根据“my “interesting” presentation”可知，此处是指对“有趣”的陈述作何反应，动词短语react to“对……作出反应”符合题意。故填react to。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：数百万人想要新的、简化的与计算机互动的方式。根据“with a computer”可知，此处是指与计算机互动，动词interact“互动”符合题意，介词of后用其动名词形式作宾语。故填interacting。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他心不在焉地点了点头，注意力被屏幕吸引住了。根据“by the screen”可知，此处是指注意力被屏幕吸引了，动词absorb“吸引”符合题意；逗号后部分为独立主格结构，absorb和逻辑主语his attention之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填absorbed。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他拒绝对颜色的客观理解，而倾向于更主观的理解。呼应上文objective，此处指更主观的理解，形容词subjective“主观的”符合题意，作定语，修饰名词understanding。故填subjective。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但当我们提出这个问题时，我们忽略了一件事，那就是赚钱和自我满足并不矛盾。根据“we ignore one thing, that making money and self-satisfaction is not”可知，此处是指赚钱和自我满足并不矛盾，形容词contradictory“矛盾的，对立的”符合题意，作表语。故填contradictory。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：导演把20世纪30年代作为这部电视剧的背景。根据“The 1930s was used by the director”可知，此处是指把20世纪30年代作为电视剧的背景，名词setting“背景”符合题意，作宾语，此处特指“20世纪30年代”这个背景，应用setting的单数形式。故填setting。
【64题详解】
考查语态。句意：该计划将提交委员会正式批准。根据“to the committee for official approval”可知，此处是指将计划提交给委员会，动词commit“提交”符合题意，主语plan和commit之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态（will be done），位于will后用be committed。故填be committed。
【65题详解】
考查动词原形。句意：我不能理解这首诗的意思。你能帮我翻译一下吗？根据“I cannot understand the meaning of the poem.”可知，此处指请求别人帮忙翻译诗的意思，动词interpret“翻译”符合题意，情态动词can后用动词原形。故填interpret。
【66题详解】
考查动词原形。句意：长途旅行后，从车里出来活动活动腿脚真是太好了。根据“our legs after a long ride”可知，此处是指长途旅行后伸展腿脚，动词stretch“伸展”符合题意，此处和上文to get是并列的不定式，可省略to，用动词原形。故填stretch。
【67题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他旁边的座位是空的，任何人都可以坐。根据“anybody could take it”可知，座位是空的，形容词vacant“空的”符合题意，作表语。故填vacant。
【68题详解】
考查时态。句意：我快速浏览了一下名单找我的名字。根据“the list quickly for my name”可知，此处指浏览名单，动词scan“浏览”符合题意，结合语境陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填scanned。
V. Writing (20’)
69. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他很想了解你的职业规划。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 你希望从事的职业；
2. 你选择该职业的原因；
3. 你打算为之做何准备。
注意：1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
How is everything going? I am glad to receive your e-mail, in which you asked me about my career plan for the future. Now I am writing to share it with you in details.
I made up my mind to be a journalist when I visited the Xinhua News Agency, the top one in China, last year. I chose it as my career based on the following two reasons. First, it is a job that can get me exposed to new things every day and thus keep me energetic and passionate all the time since I really hate to follow the same routine every day. Second, working as a journalist can help realize my childhood dream of being a hero by fighting against evil and spreading justice.
To achieve this goal, I plan to apply for the Communication University of China, whose major, Journalism, has been ranked the first for many years in a row across the whole country. After getting my Bachelor Degree of Journalism, I will continue my study in a world-famous university to broaden my horizons to better fit my future post.
That is all about my career plan. What do you think of it? I am looking forward to hearing yours if you have got one.
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Jim,
How is everything going? I’m delighted to receive your e-mail, in which you asked me about my career plan for the future. Presently, I’m writing to share it with you in details.
I made up my mind to be a Chinese teacher after becoming a student of science. There exist several reasons that account for my choice. To begin with, it’s an occupation that can get me exposed to mild atmosphere where I can spread all the knowledge I’ve acquired, thus keeping me energetic and passionate all the time. In addition, working as a Chinese teacher can help me realize my ideal of being an erudite scholar. To achieve this goal, I’m scheduled to apply for the Normal University of Capital, whose major, Chinese Language and Literature, has been ranked the first for many years in a row across the whole city. After getting my Bachelor Degree of Chinese Language and Literature, I’ll continue my study in a world-famous university to broaden my horizons to better fit my future post.
To sum up, actions speak louder than words. No matter how hard the future road is, I’ll spare no efforts to make my dream into the reality.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他很想了解你的职业规划。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1. 你希望从事的职业；2. 你选择该职业的原因；3. 你打算为之做何准备。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be glad to（高兴），career plan（职业规划），in details（详细地），make up one’s mind（下定决心）；get sb. exposed to（使某人接触到）；energetic and passionate（有活力和）；fight against evil and spreading justice（打击犯罪，传播正义）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I am glad to receive your e-mail, in which you asked me about my career plan for the future.定语从句的运用；Second, working as a journalist can help realize my childhood dream of being a hero by fighting against evil and spreading justice.非谓语动词做主语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
VI. 平时成绩 5’