新概念英语第二册课件Lesson31（共14页）

这是一份新概念英语第二册课件Lesson31（共14页），共14页。
【New wrds and expressins】retire v. 退休cmpany n. 公司bicycle n. 自行车save v. 积蓄wrkshp n. 车间helper n. 帮手，助手emply v. 雇佣grandsn n. 孙子
★retire v. 退休retire =stp wrking =stp ding thisHe is getting ld, He is ging t retire. 他越来越老, 他打算退休了I'm ging t retire next year. 我明年会退出影坛或歌坛I'm s tired that I'm ging t retire nw. (retire = g t bed)★cmpany n. 公司firm n. 商行crpratin n. 责任公司limited crpratin 有限责任公司（缩略形式：Ltd.C）business n. 生意，公司He wrks in my business. 他在我的公司工作
★save vt. 积蓄① vt. 挽救，救助，拯救save ne's lifeThe dctr saved the child’s life.They saved the child frm the fire.save ne's face 挽会面子② vt. 积蓄，储蓄He used t save letters.save mney 存钱 He saved (mney) fr years t buy a car.西方人不喜欢提钱, 所以用 save up 表示存钱I have saved up fr many years. 我已经存了好几年的钱Save it fr a rainy day. 未雨绸缪, 为将来需要而做好准备★wrkshp n. 车间wrkshp n. 车间（工作并且可以拿出来卖）wrkhuse n. 感化院（强迫劳动的地方）
★helper n. 帮手, 助手assistant n. 助理★emply v. 雇佣emplyee n. 雇员 ；emplyer n. 雇主trainer n. 教练 ；trainee n. 接受训练的人
【Text】Yesterday afternn Frank Hawkins was telling me abut his experiences as a yung man. Befre he retired, Frank was the head f a very large business cmpany, but as a by he used t wrk in a small shp. It was his jb t repair bicycles and at that time he used t wrk furteen hurs a day. He saved mney fr years and in 1958 he bught a small wrkshp f his wn. In his twenties Frank used t make spare parts fr aerplanes. At that time he had tw helpers. In a few years the small wrkshp had becme a large factry which emplyed seven hundred and twenty-eight peple. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the lng rad t success. He was still smiling when the dr pened and his wife came in. She wanted him t repair their grandsn's bicycle!参考译文昨天下午弗兰克.霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历. 在退休前, 弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理, 但他小时候却在一家小铺里做工. 他那时的工作是修理自行车, 并且通常是一天工作14个小时. 他靠多年积蓄, 于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子. 20多岁的时候, 弗兰克曾生产飞机零配件. 那时他有两个帮手. 几年之后, 小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有728人的大工厂. 弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路, 微笑了. 他正笑着的时候门开了, 他的妻子走了进来. 她叫他去修理孙子的自行车.
【课文讲解】1、Befre he retired, Frank was the head f a very large business cmpany, but as a by he used t wrk in a small shp.head是“首领、头目”的意思，“the head f+名词”的意思是“……的老板，头” Jhn is the head f the family. 一家之主 Frank is the head f the firm. 弗兰克是那家公司的总裁。used t d sth. 过去常常, 但是现在不做My teacher used t live there. 我的老师过去住在那(现在不住了)He lived there. 他过去住在那(不知道现在是否住在那)wrk…as… 作为……工作He used t wrk as a teacher.as a by = as he was a by （as的意思是“当……的时候”）as a yung man 当他年轻的时候
2、It was his jb t repair bicycles and at that time he used t wrk furteen hurs a day.at that time =just then =at that mment 那时3、He saved mney fr years and in 1958 he bught a small wrkshp f his wn.f ne's wn 自己的，属于自己的（wn为代词） D yu have a huse f yur wn?my wn bk (wn 起强调作用, 自己的)用f ne's wn 或 ne's wn 由被修饰词的位置决定, 如果被修饰名词在前边, 用f ne's wn, 如果被修饰名词在后边, 用ne's wn
4、In his twenties Frank used t make spare parts fr aerplanes.in ne's -ies 在某人几十岁的时候in ne's twenties/thirties/frties/fifties/nineties，十的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数量，与所有格形容词连用时表示大约的年龄。in my fifties 在我五十多岁的时候In his fifties, he learned the secnd language.in the 1980s 在二十世纪八十年代I wrked /began the jb in the 1990s.5、In a few years the small wrkshp had becme a large factry which emplyed seven hundred and twenty-eight peple.has becme 成长为……in a few years 在一些年之后…factry which emplyed… 工厂雇佣……（除了人可以雇佣外，工厂、公司也可以这样表达)
6、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the lng rad t success.ne’s hard early years =early in ne’s life 某人的早年艰辛（生活）the lng rad t success 通往成功的长路There is a lng way t g. 还有很长的路要走。remember v. 记得, 回忆起memry n. 记忆 ；memrize v. 记住
【Key structures】　过去进行时与一般过去时过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，和一般过去时经常在一个句子里使用。与一般过去时相比，它更强调动作的持续性，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时，过去进行时往往用来表示背景。When I was watering the garden, it began t rain.As I was getting n the bus, I slipped and hurt my ft.used t d used t d表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but nw…，but nt…any mre/any lnger等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。He used t be a pstman a lng time ag.  He's a taxi driver nw. 很久以前他曾是个邮递员, 现在他是个出租车司机. I used t cllect stamps when I was a by. 当我还是个小男孩时, 我常搜集邮票. used t仅用于一般过去。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词d而用used本身。 Used he t smke? He usedn’t /used nt t smke.但比较常用的形式是did和didn’t Did he use t smke? He didn’t use t smke.在针对used t提问时，一般也用did： I used t be a gd swimmer. Did yu really? I didn’t even knw yu culd swim.
【Special Difficulties】 Experience① n. 经历(可数名词)He tld me abut his experiences as a yung man.② n. 经验(不可数名词)They want smene with a lt f experience fr this jb.Des she have any experience in teaching?③ vt. 经验，体验The village has experienced great changes since 1980.experienced adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的 Jhn is an experienced driver.
Save and ecnmizeSave① vt.& vi. 救助，搭救，拯救save ne's life 挽救某人的生命 The dctr saved the child’s life.save ne's face 挽回面子② vt.& vi. 储蓄，积攒save mney 存钱（多余的钱） He saved (mney) fr years t buy a car.save it fr a rainy day 未雨绸缪ecnmize v.经济，节省（能不用的就不用，节衣缩食）Wrk and Jbwrk和jb都翻译为“工作”，jb为可数名词，一般与“职业、职位”有关，或表示某人的“份内事”；wrk作“工作”讲时是不可数名词，常指具体的“劳动、作业”或“（待做的）工作或事务”等，也可能表示“上班”。Jhn is lking fr a new jb.I’m lking fr wrk as a driver.I am lking fr a new jb.It was his jb t repair bicycles.