人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit一等奖ppt课件

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Welcome unit一等奖ppt课件
Welcome UnitPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structures Discovering Useful StructuresAnalyze basic sentence structuresDiscovering Useful Structures初中阶段的英语学习侧重词法，即morphology，单词的构成，组合，词形变化等，高中阶段的英语学习侧重句法，即syntax, which is the ways that words can be put together in order to make sentences. 要想写出达意甚至传情的句子，了解句子的基本句子成分是必须的,我们先看一下句子的8种成分sentence elements/components/constituents。SVOPADOIOCsubject 主语verb 谓语动词object 宾语predicative 表语adverbial 状语direct object 直接宾语indirect object 间接宾语object complement 宾语补足语Discovering Useful Structures★subject: the noun group that refers to the person or thing that is doing the action expressed by the verb. 主语是句子陈述或说明的对象，是执行句子的行为或动作的主体，如： My cat keeps catching birds. my cat 为主语★object: the word or phrase which completes the structure begun by the verb or preposition. 宾语完成由动词或介词开始的结构的单词或短语，如： They asked to see my passport. to see my passport是动词asked的宾语，这是动宾结构 Did you write down what he said? what he said是介词down的宾语，这是介宾结构★verb: word which is used with a subject to say what someone or something does or what happens to them, or to give information about them. 谓语动词与主语连用，表示某人或某事做了什么或发生了什么，如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. were produced为谓语动词★predicative: 是指说明主语的身份、特征和状态的词或从句，表语常放在be动词后，由名词、形容词、介词短语、动名词、不定式来充当，如： Our duty is to make our environment better. to make 作表语Discovering Useful Structures★adverbial: 状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步及方式等的副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。 如：The boy was praised for his bravery. for his bravery是介词短语，在句中作原因状语★direct object: directly affected by or involved in the action performed by the subject，直接受主语行为影响或参与主体行为的物，如： She wrote me a letter. a letter为直接宾语，受动词wrote的直接影响★indirect objectve: used with a transitive verb to indicate who benefits from an action or gets something as a result，表示从一个动作中受益或因此得到某物的人，如：Show me your ticket. me为间接宾语，your ticket是直接宾语★object complement: 用在宾语语之后补充说明宾语情况的成分，它由名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式等构成，与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，如： I find learning English difficult. difficult是宾补，与宾语learning English是逻辑主谓关系 I saw the kite up and down. up and down是宾补，与宾语the kite是逻辑主谓关系Discovering Useful Structures在基本的句子成分之外，还有在高中阶段经常使用的attriutive定语和appositive 同位语。atttributive 定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。主要由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。 如：There is nothing to do today. to do为定语， 修饰名词nothingThe pen bought by her is made in China. bought by her 为定语，修饰名词penappositive 同位语：一个名词(或句子)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或句子）就是同位语。如：Mr. Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us. our new teacher是主语Mr.Smith 的同位语，指同一人。People, old and young, took to the streets to watch the parade.old and young是people的同位语The news that our team has won the match is true. that our team has won the match是同位语从句，解释说明news的内容。Discovering Useful StructuresI have two elder sisters. They don't swim very well.Computers are made in this factory. I really want a cup of tea.Miss Smith teaches English very well.Please identify the elements of each sentence. 请指出每个句子的句子成分subjectsubjectsubjectsubjectsubjectverbadverbialverbverbverbverbobjectadverbialadverbialobjectobjectadverbialSVOSVASVOASVOASVADiscovering Useful Structures1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather . 2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how they were defeated. 4.The nursery takes good care of our children.5.I’ll return the book to you tomorrow. 6.We are sure that we shall succeed.7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other. 8.There are many film that I’d like to see.Please identify the underlined elements of each sentence. 请划线部分的句子成分subjectpredicate verbpredicativeobjectindirect objectobjectattributiveattributiveDiscovering Useful StructuresAll of uslaughed.my grandma.missedI The teacherwas kind and friendly.Hetoldusa funny story.Ifound most of my classmates and teachersfriendly and helpful.Hetalkedtoo much.Ihadmy first maths classat senior high school.There is a lot to explore at senior high.Discovering Useful Structures Read the sentences and analyze the structures.1. The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city. 2. We must act.3. The maths homework looks easy.4. The teacher found the classroom empty. subjectpredicativeobjectobject complementverbadverbialsubjectverbsubjectsubjectverbDiscovering Useful Structures Read the sentences and analyze the structures.5. My mum bought me a new dictionary.6. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.7. There is an English centre at our school.8. We had chemistry in the newly built lab. subjectverbadverbialobject subjectobjectindirect objectdirect objectsubjectpredicate verbobjectsubjectverbverbadverbialDiscovering Useful Structures Read the passage and analyze the structures of the underlined sentences. How would yu like to go to school and travel the world at the same time? For Tim, that dream has come true! This term, Tim and his classmates are living on a ship. They take the same subjects as you do, like maths and English. They also learn about ships and sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. Tim loves living on the ship. There's always something exciting to do. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fn when you are at sea. subjectverbsubjectverbDiscovering Useful Structures Read the passage and analyze the structures of the underlined sentences. How would yu like to go to school and travel the world at the same time? For Tim, that dream has come true! This term, Tim and his classmates are living on a ship. They take the same subjects as you do, like maths and English. They also learn about ships and sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. subjectverbsubjectverbadverbialsubjectadverbialverbobjectsubjectverbindirect objectdirect objectadverbialverbindirect objectdirect objectDiscovering Useful Structures Read the passage and analyze the structures of the underlined sentences.Tim loves living on the ship.There's always something exciting to do. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea. verbsubjectattributivesubjectverbpredicativeDiscovering Useful StructuresSome key words and expressions of this part1. The teacher found the classroom empty. 老师发现教室是空的。 find somebody/something+adj/介词短语，发现某人或某物处于某种状态 find out找出，查明 only to find...结果却发现 findings n. 调查结果，发现结果 练一练The book describes in detail the main __________(find) of the research. I reached the station only ________that my train had already left.They found her walking alone and _____________(disappoint) on the beach.I found the end of the story___________(surprise).findingsto find disappointedsurprisingDiscovering Useful StructuresSome key words and expressions of this part2. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exhange student.Tom期待见到那位新交流生。 look forward to doing sth 期待某事发生，to为介词，后面的动词需要用动名词，其他如： be used to doing 习惯某事的发生 pay attention to doing全神贯注于做某事 When it comes to doing当谈及.... get down to doing着手做某事 练一练 Now let's get down to __________(create) a document. He was looking forward to _________(work) with the new manager.Your languages will make you stand out when it comes to _________finding a job.The old couple are used to _________(get) up early in the morning. creatingworkingfindinggettingDiscovering Useful StructuresSome key words and expressions of this part3. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.在一天的学习之后，他喜欢看日落，等星星出来。 watch sb/sth do 观看某人/某物做某事（观看事情发生的过程） watch sb/sth doing sht观看某人/某物正在做某事（观看事情正在发生） come out 出现；出版；结果是；(太阳、星星或月亮) 出来 练一练 His new book will __________(出版) this week.The truth is beginning ____________(出现)about what happened.He seems to enjoy watching me ______(work).他好像喜欢看我干活。come outto come out workDiscovering Useful StructuresSome key words and expressions of this part4. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea. 当你在海上时，学习和做作业似乎更有趣。 studying and doing homework动名词作主语，表示经常习惯性动作 studying和doing homework为各自发生的两件事，用and连接后，视作复数，故谓语动词 seem为动词原形。 It is no use/no good doing sth... It's a waste of time doing.../ It's fun doing... 练一练__________(work) in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. It is no use _______(tell) him not to worry.It is a waste of time __________ (persuade) such a person to join us. ___________(collect) information about children's health is his job. telling persuadingWorking Collecting感谢您的观看