高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world优秀当堂达标检测题

人教版必修一·U5第三课时随堂训练

（解析版）

一、单项选择（共15小题）

1. We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.

A．which   B．what    C．when    D．that

2. There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.

A．while    B．as    C．when    D．unless

3. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

A．who    B．which   C．why    D．when

4. It was the middle of the night      my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

A．that    B．as    C．which   D．when

5. If a shop has chairs _______ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

A．that    B．which   C．when    D．where

6. Though it is 30 years_______we last met, I still remember the scene_______we got separated on a rainy day.

A．before; where        B．before; which 

C．since; when        D．since; where

7. Patience is a quality _____ success feeds on itself.

A．where   B．what    C．that    D．which

8. The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.

A．that; because  B．that; that   C．why; because  D．why; that

9. Life is like a long race _______ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.

A．where   B．which   C．that    D．what

10. One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands _______ we often risked going and got more fish than others

A．which   B．when    C．in which   D．where

11. The man took out a knife and made a mark ____ his sword was dropped, confusing the passengers on board.

A．from where  B．what    C．on which   D．where

12. The doctor _______my sister is talking has just come from England.

A．with whom  B．with who   C．with which  D．that

13. The course normally attracts 60 students per year, ______up to half are from Europe.

A．in which   B．for whom   C．with which  D．of whom

14. The Silk Road was a network of trade routes connecting China and the rest of the world,_____ people, goods and ideas flowed from China to India,Iran and Europe.

A．among which  B．along which  C．for which   D．to which

15. We came to a place ______ they had never paid a visit before.

A．in which   B．to which   C．What    D．which

【答案与解析】

1. 考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。
2. 考查关系副词。句意：曾经有一段时间，如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车，男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是there was a time when，先行词是time，在定语从句中作时间状语，用when引导定语从句。故选C。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：我难得有时间和孩子们一起过一天。先行词为occasions，表时间。故选D。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：我父亲半夜叫醒我，告诉我去看足球比赛。My father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the middle of the night，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故选D。
5. 考查定语从句。句意：如果商店里有女人可以让男人坐的椅子，女人就会花更多的时间在商店里购物。本定语从句的先行词是chairs，在定语从句中作地点状语。故D正确。
6. 考查固定句型和定语从句。句意：虽然距最后一次见面已经过去了20年，但我仍然记得我们在下雪的那天分别的场景。第一空，It is/has been+一段时间+since从句，意为“自从……有多久了”，排除A、B；第二空，后文定语从句“we got separated...”不缺少成分，定语从句中已经有时间状语，不能再用when，排除C，且上文scene表示“现场，场面，场景”，在此指的是地点，应该用where引导定语从句，故选D。
7. 考查定语从句。句意：耐心是成功的源泉。分析句子可知，quality为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选A项。
8. 考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句，在定语从句中，句子缺少原因状语，所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句，从句中成分完整不缺其他含义，这里只需要起引导作用，所以用that。故此题选D。
9. 考查定语从句。句意：生活就像一场长跑，我们彼此竞争，超越自我。空格后的句子是由a long race所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中，缺地点状语，表示在这场长跑中，所以我们用关系副词where进行引导。故此题选A。
10. 考查定语从句。句意：一天，我和我的两个兄弟从我们经常冒险去的岛屿回来，我们得到了比别人更多的鱼。分析句子，定语从句部分缺状语，所以此处需用关系副词。此处的先行词为islands表示地点，所以应用where。C项介词+关代可以相当于关系副词，但是此处的介词应改为on。综合分析，故选D项。
11. 考查定语从句。句意：这名男子拿出一把刀，在剑掉的地方做了个记号，让舟上的乘客迷惑不解。分析句子可知，先行词为mark在，____ his sword was dropped在句中作地点状语，所以关系副词用where引导。故选D。
12. 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：和我姐姐谈话的那位医生刚从英国来。分析句子可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是The doctor，指人，在从句中作talk with的宾语，with可以提到关系代词的前面，即用“介词+关系代词”引导此定语从句，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，应用“with whom”引导此定语从句。故选A项。
13. 考查定语从句。句意：这门课程通常每年吸引200个学生，其中多达一半来自海外。分析句子结构可知本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词200 students，逗号后面的分句为从句；从句缺乏主语，且先行词指人，排除A、C项；句子意思为“这200个学生中的一半”，“half of…” 表示“……的一半”，故应用介词 of，作介词的宾语指人应用whom，故选D。
14. 考查定语从句，句意：“丝绸之路是联通中国和世界贸易往来的网络，伴随着这层网络，人才，物资和创意从中国涌向印度，伊朗和欧洲”。本句中先行词是network，其在定语从句中作地点状语。根据句意，伴随着这条网络，可以选择对应的介词用along，故选B。
15. 考查定语从句。句意：我们来到了他们之前从没有参观过的地方。分析句子可知，paid a visit to……为固定短语，意为“参观某地”，句中先行词为place，在从句中作paid a visit to的宾语，故用which，to which在句中作状语引导定语从句。故选B项。

二、语篇语法填空（共10小题）

Few words 1．      (speak) more often every day on the streets of Britain than “I’m sorry”. This phrase has become such a common 2．      (respond) that it has taken on a lot of meanings.

Sorry means to apologize. This is simple and easy to understand. But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a 3．      (culture) expression. Imagine this: a man walks down the street, 4．      (look) down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction toward the man. She sees him, but she can’t get out of the way in time. The man5．      (knock) into the woman. Who should say sorry? Naturally, the man should say sorry, because it was he who wasn’t looking 6．      he was going. Yet in Britain, it is common 7．      both to apologize. It is known that British people, like most people, do not enjoy conflict. So to quickly calm the situation. British people will apologize to each other.

Other times 8．      may sound funny to hear “sorry”: Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: “Sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, 9．      just to express that we need the waiter. In Britain, sorry doesn’t always mean 10．      (exact) what you think.

【答案与解析】

1. 考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知，动词“speak”在句中作谓语，与主语“Few words”之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态：be+动词过去分词；主语“Few words”是复数，故谓语也用复数；根据时间状语“every day”可知，时态为一般现在时。故填are spoken。
2. 考查名词。such修饰名词。根据空前关键词such，可知此空填名词。故将动词respond变成名词形式response。故填response。
3. 考查形容词。形容词修饰名词。此空修饰名词expression，故将名词culture变成形容词形式cultural。故填cultural。
4. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，动词“look”在句中作非谓语，与逻辑主语“a man”之间是主动关系，故应该用动词的现在分词形式。故填looking。
5. 考查动词时态。句意：这个男人撞到了这个女人。谁应该说对不起呢？由语境和上文动词形式“She sees him”可知，时态为一般现在时。故填knocks。
6. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：自然，是这个男人应该说对不起，因为是他没有看路（他将要去哪里）。分析句子成分可知，“___6___ he was going”在句中作look的宾语，是宾语从句，由句意可知此处用where引导。故填where。
7. 考查固定结构。句型it is +形容词+for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说，做某事是······”。此处符合句型结构it is +形容词+for sb. to do sth.。故填for。
8. 考查代词it。分析句子成分可知，句子真正的主语是“to hear “sorry””，此空作形式主语，故用it代替to do 不定式作形式主语。故填it。
9. 考查连词。句意：它不是道歉，而仅仅是表示我们需要服务生。固定结构not···but···意为“不是······而是······”。故填but。
10. 考查副词。副词作状语，通常用来修饰动词、句子等。分析句子成分可知，此空修饰宾语从句“what you think”，应用副词形式，故将形容词exact变成副词exactly。故填exactly。