2023版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价4Unit3SportsAndFitness新人教版必修第一册

这是一份2023版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价4Unit3SportsAndFitness新人教版必修第一册，共5页。

题型组合练——阅读理解＋七选五
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2022· 山东夏津一中模拟)Exercise and a healthy diet in childhd leads t adults with bigger brains and lwer levels f anxiety, accrding t a new research in mice.
Thugh diet and exercise are cnsistently recmmended as ways t prmte health, this study is the first t examine the lng­lasting, cmbined effects f bth factrs when they are experienced early in life.
The researchers determined that early­life exercise generally reduced anxius behaviurs in adults. It als led t an increase in adult muscle and brain mass. When fed “Western” style diets high in fat and sugar, the mice nt nly became fatter, but als grew int adults that preferred unhealthy fds.
These findings have recently been published in the jurnal Physilgy and Behavir. T btain them, the researchers divided the yung mice int fur grups — thse with access t exercise, thse withut access, thse fed a standard, healthy diet and thse that ate a Western diet.
Mice started n their diets immediately after weaning (断奶), and cntinued n them fr three weeks, until they reached physical maturity. After an additinal eight weeks f “washut”， during which all mice were hused withut mtin and n the healthy diet, the researchers did behaviral analysis and varius measurements.
One f thse they measured, leptin, is prduced by fat cells. It helps cntrl bdy weight primarily by lwering the sensatin f hunger and als by increasing energy cnsumptin. Early­life exercise increased adult leptin levels as well as fat mass in adult mice, regardless f the diet they ate.
Previusly, the research team fund that eating t much fat and sugar as a child can change the gut micrbita (肠道菌群) fr life, even if they later eat mre healthily. Ging frward, the team plans t investigate whether fat r sugar is mre respnsible fr the negative effects they measured in Western­diet­fed mice.
Tgether, bth studies ffer critical pprtunities fr health interventins in childhd habits. The findings may be relevant fr understanding the ptential effects f activity reductins and dietary changes assciated with fatness.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，儿童时期的锻炼和健康饮食可以使其成年后拥有更大的大脑和更低的焦虑水平。
1. What is unique abut the new study?
A. It invlves adults' eating behaviur.
B. It shws key elements fr a lng life.
C. It stresses separate impacts f exercise and diet.
D. It highlights jint effects f early exercise and diet.
D 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，这项新研究的独特之处在于它首次强调了早期运动和饮食的共同影响。故选D。
2. Hw did the researchers get the study results?
A. By trial and errr.
B. By previus experience.
C. By experimenting n gruped mice.
D. By cmparing mice with human beings.
C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“T btain them, the researchers divided the yung mice int fur grups — thse with access t exercise, thse withut access, thse fed a standard, healthy diet and thse that ate a Western diet.”可知，研究人员通过对老鼠进行分组实验得到研究结果。故选C。
3. What is the main functin f leptin?
A. It frms fat cells.
B. It brings dwn appetite.
C. It stimulates hunger.
D. It limits energy cnsumptin.
B 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“It helps cntrl bdy weight primarily by lwering the sensatin f hunger and als by increasing energy cnsumptin.”可知，leptin(瘦身素)的主要功能是降低食欲。故选B。
4. Hw des the authr lk at health interventins in early­life habits?
A. Favrably. B. Critically.
C. Indifferently.D. Dubtfully.
A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者认为这两项研究共同提供了对儿童时期的习惯进行健康干预的关键机会，这些发现可能与理解减少活动和饮食变化与肥胖相关的潜在影响有关。因此作者对早期生活习惯的健康干预持支持态度。故选A。
B
(2021·山东泰安5月模拟)The latest sprts craze is nt even a sprt. Accrding t a recent article, e­sprts are attracting a large number f audience.
In e­sprts, players and teams cmpete in ppular vide cmputer games such as Dta 2 and Overwatch. Fans fill arenas t watch the actin live n huge televisin screens.
The games have gne way past kids playing against each ther while sitting n a sfa at hme. The Internatinal, a majr cmpetitin fr players f Dta 2, awarded $24 millin in prize mney, with the winner taking hme almst $11 millin. A recent e­sprts cmpetitin attracted mre than 80，000 fans t the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China.
I have t admit that I am nt a big fan f cmputer games. I knw that sme games can be educatinal, but I think t many kids spend t much time sitting in frnt f a screen shting space aliens. I think it wuld be better if kids spent mre time reading r playing real sprts such as basketball, baseball and sccer.
And please dn't tell me that cmpetitive gaming is real sprt because it requires hand­eye crdinatin. Accrding t my American Heritage Dictinary, a sprt is “an activity invlving physical effrt and skill”. I dn't think anyne wrks up much sweat playing vide games.
T ften, regular sprts send kids a kind f message. Cmpetitin starts early, when lts f kids are nt ready fr the ups and dwns f games. Tryuts and travel teams cme next, giving t many kids the message they are “nt gd” at sprts. S lts f kids quit sprts and start playing mre vide games.
Maybe everyne in yuth sprts, including caches, parents and kids, shuld think mre abut the advantages f real sprts.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文中作者论述了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。建议我们看到真正运动的好处，呼吁人们更多地关注传统体育。
5. What are e­sprts accrding t the text?
A. Sprts events n televisin screens.
B. Easy sprts games fr kids.
C. Vide cmputer game cmpetitins.
D. The latest sprts in the Olympics.
C 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，电子竞技是电脑游戏(vide cmputer games)比赛。故选C。
6. What might the authr think f e­sprts?
A. They are nt instructive.
B. They shuld be banned in schl.
C. They need t much time and mney.
D. They have sme negative influence n children.
D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的 “I knw that sme games can be educatinal, but I think t many kids spend t much time sitting in frnt f a screen shting space aliens. I think it wuld be better if kids spent mre time reading r playing real sprts such as basketball, baseball and sccer.”以及最后一段的内容可推知，作者认为电子竞技对孩子们造成了一些消极影响，更倾向让孩子们进行真正的体育运动。故选D。
7. What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A. T intrduce a new kind f sprt.
B. T intrduce a cmpetitin held in Beijing.
C. T explain the imprtance f playing sprts.
D. T call n peple t pay mre attentin t traditinal sprts.
D 写作意图题。根据第四段中的“I think it wuld be better if kids spent mre time reading r playing real sprts such as basketball, baseball and sccer.”和最后一段的内容可推知，作者的目的是呼吁人们应该更多地关注真正的体育(即传统体育)。故选D。
8. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A guidebk.B. A magazine.
C. A nvel.D. A brchure.
B 文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段和第四段的内容可知，文中作者论述了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。建议我们看到真正的运动的好处，呼吁人们更多地关注传统体育。即本文讨论了一种社会现象，由此推知，本文应该出自杂志(magazine)里面的文章。故选B。
Ⅱ. 七选五
We all knw abut the health benefits f swimming. It ffers a great wrkut fr the bdy, builds muscle strength and is gd fr the heart. If yu dn't mind getting wet, it can be fun t. 1 Well, many peple are enjying it, based n evidence that it can actually be gd fr us.
Cld­water swimming — smetimes called wild swimming — invlves swimming in natural areas including pnds, rivers and the sea. Jumping in cld water gives a shrt sharp shck t the bdy, but many participants say they get used t it. 2 As well as being gd exercise, spending time utdrs and by water imprves yur psychlgical well­being.
3 One man wh suffered cnstant pain after surgery claimed he was cured by swimming in cld pen water. And anther swimmer claimed, “Being in cld salt water, it feels like yu're at ne with nature. It just feels amazing.”But what is it that peple are gaining frm this chilly experience? Dctrs say getting int cld water causes stress respnse. 4 Sme experts believe cld­water swimming helps “crss­adaptatin”， where ne frm f stress prepares the bdy fr anther. Fr example, it als helps reduce the stress f exercising at high altitude.
S, if yu're cnvinced that this is fr yu, take advice: apprach it with cautin, swim with a friend. 5
A. D yu knw ther benefits f swimming?
B. The mre yu d it, yur reactin t stress is reduced.
C. It can have much bigger benefits than that fr yur bdy.
D. But wh wuld enjy swimming in water that is ice cld?
E. Start in the summer, when the water temperatures are higher!
F. In ur mdern life, smetimes we have t live with all kinds f stress.
G. Evidence suggests cld­water swimming has cured certain health cnditins.
1～5 DCGBE