2023年高考英语全程考评特训卷课下天天练四十四含解析

这是一份2023年高考英语全程考评特训卷课下天天练四十四含解析，共12页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2022·湖北十一校联考]One f the prblems damaging ur planet is the number f things we thrw away. Rubbish f all kinds is piling up in landfill and plluting ur rivers and the cean. A mre recent additin t the list f things we chuck away is e­waste—electrnic items that are brken and nt recycled. Nw slutins are being fund t give this stuff a new life.
Many millins f tnnes f televisins, phnes, and ther electrnic equipment are discarded each year, partly because it's cheaper t replace them than t fix them, but als because we lack the skills t repair them. A UN reprt claims the 50 millin tnnes f e­waste generated every year will mre than duble t 110 millin tnnes by 2050, making it the fastest grwing waste stream in the wrld.
Hwever, there's a grwing trend fr repair events and clubs which culd be part f a slutin t the grwing amunt f electrical and electrnic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Prject in Lndn, which is ne f the many prjects funded arund the wrld. One f its vlunteers, Francesc Cal, said that “this prject allws yu t reduce waste, extend the life f bjects, and it helps peple wh cannt affrd t get rid f items that have develped a fault”．
As many electrnic items cntain valuable metals, anther idea is e­waste mining. An experiment at the University f New Suth Wales invlves extracting these materials frm electrnic gadgets. It's thught that ding this culd be mre prfitable than traditinal mining. With phnes typically cntaining as many as 60 elements, this culd be part f the slutin t ur appetite fr new technlgy.
These prjects make ttal sense—cllectins f e­waste fr recycling are “stagnating r even decreasing” accrding t Ruediger Kuehr, directr f the United Natins University. And in cuntries where there is n legislatin, much f it just gets dumped. Hwever, the Eurpean Unin, fr example, is trying t tackle the prblem by insisting manufacturers shuld make appliances lnger­lasting and supply spare parts fr machines fr up t 10 years.
1．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements is right?
A．Peple usually chse t repair a brken electrnic item.
B．UN reprts that the number f e­waste generated will nearly duble by 2050.
C．E­waste will be reduced if mre prjects like Restart Prject are launched.
D．The e­waste mining can help peple wh have fund a fault t purchase items.
2．What des the underlined wrd in the last paragraph mean?
A．Ceasing. B．Increasing.
C．Falling. D．Disappearing.
3．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．What is damaging ur planet?
B．What is significant fr e­waste recycling?
C．E­waste mining benefits us mre.
D．New lives are brught t e­waste.
4．What is the authr's attitude twards the future f the prblem?
A．He is dubtful abut it.
B．He is cncerned but full f cnfidence.
C．He thinks it's just a piece f cake.
D．He suppses there's a lng way t g.
B
[2022·合肥第三次质量检测]Smetime back, after a six­year­ld liness named Magigi repeatedly killed cattle, Btswana authrities caught and mved her int Central Kalahari Game Reserve, far frm peple. Magigi spent mst f her time within the reserve's prtective bundaries, but after a year she escaped utside and was sht dead by a farmer. New research Maude and his clleagues have cnducted cnfirms that Magigi's unfrtunate stry is cmmn fr many relcated lins. Fr decades, wildlife managers in a number f African cuntries have used such a kind way t deal with lins that repeatedly kill livestck (牲畜). But the new research shws that after lins are mved, mst cntinue t kill livestck and endanger villagers' living.
Acrss Africa, lin numbers have fallen by 43 percent in the past tw decades, t as few as 23，000 animals tday. Abut 3，000 remain in Btswana. The sharp declines are primarily driven by develpment—lins nw ccupy just 8 percent f their histric habitat. With less space set aside fr cnservatin, lins are mre frequently cming int cntact with humans. These are usually farms, expanding arund the edges f the prtected areas. The lins eat livestck, which negatively impacts the livelihd f the farmers in these rural areas. Withut a prper way t prevent these attacks, the farmers ften turn t deadly frce, shting r pisning the lins, which has resulted in the decrease in lin ppulatin.
“Rather than trying t mve lins，” wildlife cnservatinist Glyn Maude says, “emphasis shuld be placed n reducing the chances f lins encuntering and killing livestck in the first place.” Many preventative measures are being tested in varius African cuntries, including hiring lin guardians (守卫者) t mnitr these big cats, creating lin­prf fences, sending ut lin text alerts, and teaching herders t keep livestck away frm high­risk areas.
5．Why was Magigi mved t the reserve?
A．T stp her frm being caught.
B．T prevent her frm killing cattle.
C．T get her t stay with her family.
D．T train her t get alng with peple.
6．What is the majr reasn fr the decline in the lin ppulatin in Africa?
A．Illegal wildlife trade.
B．Human­lin cnflict.
C．A natural disaster.
D．The lack f fd in their habitat.
7．What can we infer frm Maude's wrds in the last paragraph?
A．Lins will be fenced in t avid meeting peple.
B．The relcatin f lins has prven t be effective.
C．Preventin is the cure fr lins' attacking livestck.
D．It's impssible fr lins t live with humans in harmny.
8．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Big Cats' Relcatin Prving Deadly
B．Lins Was Sht Dead after Attacking a Man
C．The Tragic Stry f a Magical Liness
D．Cnservatin Status f the African Lin.
Ⅱ.七选五
Hw t Eat Better fr the Planet
[2022·沈阳市质量监测]Yu are envirnmentally cnscius and hungry. Here are answers t all yur ec­friendly fd questins.
Des what I eat have an effect n climate change?
Yes. __1__. Abut ne quarter f the planet­warming greenhuse gases are generated by humans each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal prducts we eat, as well as prcessing, packaging, and shipping fd t markets all ver the wrld.
__2__？
When frests are cleared t make rm fr farms and cattle, large stres f carbn are released int the atmsphere, which heats up the planet. Als, fssil (化石) fuels are used t perate farm machinery and ship fd arund the glbe, all f which generate emissins (排放).
Which fds have the largest impact?
__3__. Cattle accunts fr rughly the same amunt f emissins as all the cars, trucks, airplanes, and ships in the wrld tday, while plant­based fds like beans and grains tend t have the smallest effect. Prk, chicken, and eggs are smewhere in the middle.
Why des meat have such a big effect n the climate?
It's ften mre efficient t grw crps fr humans t eat than it is t grw crps fr animals t eat and then turn thse animals int fd fr humans. A cnclusin was reached by the United Natins Fd and Agriculture Organizatin in 2017. __4__．
Is there a simple fd chice I can make that wuld reduce my climate ftprint?
Cnsuming less red meat and dairy prducts will typically have the biggest effect fr mst peple in wealthy cuntries. A number f studies have cncluded that peple wh eat a meat­heavy diet culd reduce their fd­related ftprint by ne third r mre by mving t a vegetarian diet. __5__. If yu dn't want t g that far, just eating less meat and dairy prducts can reduce emissins.
A．Why d we need t change the climate
B．The wrld's fd system is respnsible fr it
C．The greenhuse gases have an impact n ur fd
D．Hw exactly des fd cntribute t glbal warming
E．Giving up dairy prducts wuld reduce thse emissins even further
F．On average, it takes abut three punds f grains t raise ne pund f meat
G．In general, beef and lamb have the biggest climate ftprint per gram f prtein
Ⅲ.完形填空
[2022·甘肃省第二次高考诊断]I never see myself as a miracle. I was just an __1__ persn with realistic gals and big dreams. I was a 19­year­ld student at a university and well n my way t fulfilling my big dream f becming a surgen.
On February 17, 1981, a (n) __2__ car accident happened t me and after a fur­hur peratin, I __3__. I still culd nt talk, my entire right side was paralyzed but __4__ I was stable. After tw weeks I imprved enugh t be __5__ t a rehabilitatin (康复) hspital.
It tk me a lt f hard wrk but I __6__ returned t the university in 1983—a year and a half after almst __7__. The next few years were very __8__ fr me, but I truly believe that in rder t see __9__ in life yu have t experience smething bad. Maybe I have experienced t much, but I believe in living each day t the fullest, and ding the very __10__ I can. And each new day was __11__ and very full, fr __12__ attending classes at the university I __13__ therapy (治疗) three t five days each week at Brackenridge hspital.
Early, during my therapy, my father __14__ repeating t me ne f his favrite sayings. I have repeated it almst everyday after being hurt, “Mile by mile it's a (n) __15__； yard by yard it's hard; but inch by inch it's a cinch (很容易的事).”
I thught f thse __16__， and I thught f my family wh __17__ believed in me as I climbed the steps t receive my __18__ frm the dean f Liberal Arts at the university n the graduatin ceremny in June f 1986. Excitement and __19__ filled my heart as I heard the dean annunce that I graduated with “highest hnrs”， and was chsen as ne f the mst utstanding __20__ in the cllege f Liberal Arts.,
1．A.excellent B．utstanding C．utging D．rdinary
2．A.terrible B．small C．expected D．mild
3．A.agreed B．survived C．prayed D．breathed
4．A.at least B．at first C．in public D．in time
5．A.transmitted B．transfrmed C．transferred D．transplanted
6．A.slwly B．gradually C．finally D．quickly
7．A.missing B．dying C．hurting D．injuring
8．A.smth B．easy C．rugh D．relaxing
9．A.beauty B．fact C．truth D．interest
10．A.much B．wrst C．best D．first
11．A.bring B．busy C．dull D．empty
12．A.besides B．but C．except D．except fr
13．A.received B．cnducted C．prmted D．imprved
14．A.stpped B．kept C．avided D．practised
15．A.challenge B．effrt C．test D．trial
16．A.cmplaints B．cmments C．lectures D．wrds
17．A.hnestly B．strngly C．differently D．calmly
18．A.mney B．praise C．advice D．diplma
19．A.admiratin B．envy C．pride D．srrw
20．A.assistants B．teachers C．schlars D．graduates
Ⅳ.语法填空
[2022·济南市针对性训练]Restrers are wrking n the Jianku sectin f the Great Wall, 1.________ (build) during the Ming Dynasty, and the jb is intense—these wrkers are risking their lives.
The Jianku sectin sits n the tp f the muntain t 2.________ vehicles have n access. Just getting t the twelve­mile sectin 3.________ (take) frty minutes, and things dn't get 4.________ (easy) when the wrkers arrive at the destinatin. Where the flrs aren't flat, they need t drag supplies t reach the right spt. The trip t the site is s challenging 5.________ repairers can nly carry basic tls and reach the wall's sides frm the tp. One wrker will tie a rpe arund his waist, while 6.________ hlds n frm abve. With such a far drp dwn, surviving a fall wuld be 7.________ matter f luck.
8．________ (keep) t histrical accuracy, restrers either use ld, fallen bricks r make new nes using the same materials as the riginals. Repairs 9.________ (be) n since 2005, but under such cnditins, it hasn't been a quick and easy task. Despite the drawn­ut prcess, Dng Yahui, vice president f the China Great Wall Sciety, is prud that the wrk is abut the 10.________ (preserve) f the wall—nt just making mney.
课下天天练(四十四) 阅读语言运用组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——解决电子垃圾的方法
【语篇解读】 该文介绍了电子垃圾问题及其解决方法。
1．答案与解析：C 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段内容尤其是“this prject allws... have develped a fault”可知，如果有更多像Restart Prject这样的项目，电子垃圾会减少，故C项正确。
2．答案与解析：A 考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线词后的“r even decreasing”可知，画线词与decreasing之间为递进关系，结合选项可知，A项符合语境。此处表示用于回收利用的电子垃圾物品处于停滞状态或者甚至在减少。cease“停止”。stagnate“停滞，不发展”。
3．答案与解析：D 考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据本文的中心句“Nw slutins are being fund t give this stuff a new life”可知，本文主要讲的是人们发现了新的方法来解决电子垃圾问题，故D项最适合作本文的标题。
4．答案与解析：B 考查理解态度的能力。根据第二段中提到的“A UN reprt claims... in the wrld”可推知，作者对于电子垃圾问题感到担忧，再根据最后一段中的“These prjects make ttal sense”可推知，作者对于解决该问题充满了信心，故B项正确。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——动物保护——非洲狮子数量急剧下降的原因及如何保护它们
【语篇解读】 在狮子袭击牲畜之后，将狮子重新安置到自然保护区是惯用的手段。但是最新研究表明，这样做不仅不能解决问题，还容易给狮子招来杀身之祸。
5．答案与解析：B 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Smetime back, after a six­year­ld Central Kalahari Game Reserve, far frm peple”可知，Magigi之所以被转移到自然保护区是因为它总是猎杀牛，故B项正确。
6．答案与解析：B 考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段可知，由于人类的发展，狮子的自然栖息地受到了极大的压缩，狮子离牲畜近了，就会捕食牲畜，这就加剧了狮子与当地农民的冲突，于是他们经常射杀或毒死狮子，从而导致狮子数量的下降，故B项正确。
7．答案与解析：C 考查推断的能力。根据最后一段中的“emphasis shuld be placed n reducing the chances f lins encuntering and killing livestck in the first place”可知，根据Maude的话，在解决狮子袭击牲畜的问题上，预防应是第一位的，故C项正确。
8．答案与解析：A 考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲了重新安置狮子不仅不能解决狮子猎食牲畜的问题，还有可能会危及狮子自身的安全，故A项适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——饮食与环保——我们所吃的食物对气候变化的影响
【语篇解读】 我们所吃的食物对气候变化有很大的影响，本文主要阐述了与这一话题相关的几个问题。
1．答案与解析：B 考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句问到了“我吃的东西对气候变化有影响吗”，本段内容对这一问题进行了回答和阐述。根据下文中的“饲养和收获我们所吃的所有植物、动物和我们吃的动物产品，以及加工、包装和运送食品到世界各地的市场都会产生温室气体”可知，空处讲到的应该是饮食确实对气候变化产生了影响，故B项符合语境。
2．答案与解析：D 考查段落主旨句。分析文章结构可知，此处是一个疑问句，选项中A和D符合这一要求；根据本段讲到的内容“森林让位于农场和牛，大量碳被排放进大气中……化石能源被用于农具和运输”可知，本段应该讲到的是食物对气候造成影响的具体方式，所以D项适合作本段的主旨句。
3．答案与解析：G 考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句问到了“哪种食物产生了最大的影响”，根据下文中的“牛产生的排放物的量和汽车、卡车、飞机和船几乎一样多”可知，空处讲到的应该是牛肉等是产生影响最大的食物，所以G项符合语境。
4．答案与解析：F 考查上下文衔接。根据空前的“种植供人类吃的作物通常比种植供动物吃的作物、然后把这些动物变成人类的食物更有效”可知，种植用于饲养动物的农作物很耗能，故F项符合语境。
5．答案与解析：E 考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到“常吃肉的人士可以通过吃素食减少与食物相关的碳足迹的三分之一甚至更多”，而空后一句讲到“如果你不想走那么远，那么少吃肉和奶制品可以减少(碳)排放”，因此空处讲到的内容应该与减少奶制品有关，所以E项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——一场车祸后的重生
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了一个励志故事。作者曾经历过一次严重的交通事故，经过四个小时的手术后幸存下来。经过一年半的康复训练，作者回到大学，一边学习，一边继续治疗。在家人的支持下，作者最终取得大学文凭，并且被选为学院最杰出的毕业生之一。
1．答案与解析：D 考查语境推断。根据上文中的“I never see myself as a miracle”可知，作者从不认为自己是个奇迹。因此此处表示作者是一个普通人。故选D项。
2．答案与解析：A 考查语境推断。根据下文中的“after a fur­hur peratin”可知，作者应该经历了一场可怕的车祸。故选A项。
3．答案与解析：B 考查语境推断。根据4空后的“I was stable. After tw weeks I imprved enugh t be __5__ t a rehabilitatin (康复) hspital”可知，此处表示作者在这场车祸中幸存下来。故选B项。
4．答案与解析：A 考查语境推断。根据空处前后及but暗含的转折语境可推知此处表示虽然我还不能说话，而且我的整个右侧身体瘫痪了，但至少(at least)我的身体状况是稳定的。故选A项。
5．答案与解析：C 考查语境推断。根据句意可知，术后两个星期，作者恢复得不错，被转移 (transferred) 到康复医院。transmit“传送，发射”；transfrm“使改变形态”；transplant“移植”。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：C 考查语境推断。根据句意可知，此处表示，经过作者的不断努力，最终，作者于1983年回到大学。故选C项。
7．答案与解析：B 考查语境推断。根据第二段的内容可知，作者因为这次车祸伤得很重。所以此处表示作者几乎死掉。故选B项。
8．答案与解析：C 考查语境推断。根据9空后的“experience smething bad”可知，接下来的几年对于作者来说是艰难的。故选C项。
9．答案与解析：A 考查语境推断。根据下文可知，作者坚持不懈地进行康复训练的同时在大学学习，并且顺利毕业。由此可以看出作者是一个积极的人，此处表示看到生活中美丽的一面。故选A项。
10．答案与解析：C 考查语境推断。根据上文中的“t the fullest”可知，此处表示尽自己最大的努力，故选C项。
11．答案与解析：B 考查语境推断。根据空后的“very full”可知，作者每天都是忙碌而充实的。故选B项。
12．答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“very full”及下文“I __13__ therapy (治疗) three t five days each week at Brackenridge hspital”可知，此处表示作者除了(besides)要上课之外，还要每周在Brackenridge医院接受三到五天的治疗。故选A项。
13．答案与解析：A 考查语境推断。参见上题解析。
14．答案与解析：B 考查语境推断。根据下文中的“I have repeated it almst everyday after being hurt”可知，此处表示作者的父亲总是对作者重复说他最喜欢的一句话。keep ding sth. “持续做某事”。故选B项。
15．答案与解析：D 考查语境推断。根据空后的“yard by yard it's hard; but inch by inch it's a cinch (很容易的事)”可以看出每句话都是押韵的，再结合句意可知，此处要表达的是一英里接着一英里是一种考验 (trial)。其他三项虽然在语义上勉强符合语境，但不押韵。故选D项。
16．答案与解析：D 考查语境推断。此处表示作者想到父亲说的那些话 (wrds)，故选D项。
17．答案与解析：B 考查语境推断。根据上文可知，作者能够在车祸后重新振作起来离不开家人的鼓励和支持。所以此处表示作者的家人强烈地(strngly)信任他。故选B项。
18．答案与解析：D 考查语境推断。根据空后的“frm the dean f Liberal Arts at the university n the graduatin ceremny in June f 1986”可知，此处表示作者在这个大学成功毕业并且取得文凭。故选D项。
19．答案与解析：C 考查语境推断。根据语境和空前的“Excitement”可知，对于作者来说，拿到大学文凭后自己是非常激动和自豪的。故选C项。
20．答案与解析：D 考查语境推断。根据上文中的“the graduatin ceremny”和“highest hnrs”可知，作者应该是被选为“文科学院最优秀的毕业生之一”。故选D项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——社会文化——箭扣长城的修复
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了中国的文物保护工作——箭扣长城修复的复杂性和困难。
1．答案与解析：built 考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是are wrking，故此空需用非谓语动词，build“建造”与被修饰词the Jianku sectin f the Great wall是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词。
2．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词t＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是the muntain，故用关系代词which。
3．答案与解析：takes 考查时态和主谓一致。通过上下文可知时态应用一般现在时，又根据空前的“Just getting t the twelve­mile sectin”可知，此处是动名词短语作主语，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
4．答案与解析：easier 考查形容词比较级。此处是与上一并列分句相比较，故应用easy的比较级。
5．答案与解析：that 考查固定搭配。是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。
6．答案与解析：anther 考查不定代词。根据空前的“One ”可知，此处是两名修复工的对比，为常见搭配。句意为：一名工人将绳子系在腰上，另一名工人从上面抓住绳子。故填anther。
7．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。a matter f是固定短语，意为“关乎……的事”。故填a。
8．答案与解析：T keep 考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是use和make，故此空应用非谓语动词，且空处表目的，应用不定式。故填T keep。
9．答案与解析：have been 考查时态。根据空后的“since 2005”可知，主句应用现在完成时。故填have been。
10．答案与解析：preservatin 考查词形转换。根据空前的the和空后的介词f可知，此空需用名词，且此处表示“保护，维护”，故填preservatin。