2022-2023学年河南高三入学摸底考试（一） 英语试题及答案（含听力）

这是一份2022-2023学年河南高三入学摸底考试（一） 英语试题及答案（含听力）

【高三英语第1页（共10页）】23-03C •2022〜2023年度河南省高三年级入学摸底考试(一）英 语考生注意：本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读—遍。例：How much is the shirt?£19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.答案是C。When will Jim probably get his ticket?At 7； 00. B. At 9； 00. C. At 10： 00.What are the speakers mainly talking about?The man's hobbies. B. The man’s uncle. C. The man’s holiday plan.Where doe^s the conversation take place?At a bookstore. B. In a library. C. At canteen.What is the man doing?Trying on a hat. B. Taking a photo. C. Painting a picture.What does the woman think of her life here?Difficult. B. Satisfying. C. Unforgettable.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。What is the woman going to do this afternoon?A. Go swimming. B. Do her homework. C. Prepare for a test.When will the speakers go swimming?A. Next Monday. B. On the weekend. C. Next Tuesday.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Classmates.【高三英语第2页（共10页）】• 23 — 030What do we know about the woman?She has much work experience.She will graduate in a year.She graduated from college this summer.What is the headmaster like?A. Serious. B. Bad-tempered. C. Easy-going.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。Why does the woman talk to the man?To invite him to the painting exhibition.To introduce to him some famous painters.To ask him to buy a ticket for her.When can the speakers get the tickets?After 9 a. m. on Saturday.After 8 a. m. on Thursday.After 7 a. m. on Monday.What's the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Husband and wife.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。What is the woman's major?Architecture.Engineering.Information technology.What factor does the woman care about most about building design?Safety.Advanced technology.Environmental protection.What kind of material is not needed to defend against an earthquake?A. Flexible material. B. Strong material. C. Soft material.What does the man think of the woman’s ideas?A. Awful. B. Awesome. C. Impractical.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。What’s the purpose of the speech?To introduce the league to new members.To celebrate the founding of a new league.To promote the cooperation among team members.How many teams did they have when they were first founded?A. 19 teams. B. 30 teams. C. 4 teams.What's the basic requirement for entering the basketball league?A. Race and sex. B. Minimum age. C. Teamwork spirit.【高三英语第3页（共10页）】• 23—03C •第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASitting on the edge of the world, Sydney is considered as one of the world's greatest cities for a reason. Want to relax yourself in Sydney? This shortlist of things to do and see in Sydney should point you in the right direction.Hit the beachesEveryone knows about Bondi Beach and its Icebergs pool, restaurants and the crashing waves are the postcard image of Sydney. Bondi is a great place to start. But after you’ve caught some sun or taken a surf lesson with Let5s Go Surfing, we'd suggest taking the Coogee Coastal Walk. Beginning at the Bondi Icebergs swim club, the 3.7-mile walk affords amazing cliffside views of rock pools and bays.Catch a showSydney is full of events and performances every night of the week. The first place that jumps to mind is the iconic Sydney Opera House, designed by Jorn Utzon. A UNESCO World Heritage site, this incredible piece of architecture doesn't just do opera. You'll also find stand-up comedy, ballets, and more. But it's not the only place in Sydney putting on a show. The 1920s State Theatre, in the central business district, is known to host international ballets, concerts and world-class orchestras.Go to the zooFrom the skyline views to the charming grounds, there's a reason why Sydney's Taronga Zoo attracts more than 1 million visitors every year. The expansive space plays host to more than 4,000 animals, including tigers, giraffes, kangaroos, platypus，koalas, Komodo dragons, elephants, lions, chimps and more. Love it so much that you never want to leave? Stay the night in one of its luxury safari (狩猎）tents.Climb the bridgeNicknamed “the coathanger’’，the Sydney Harbour Bridge opened in 1932. Like the Sydney Opera Houses it was an engineering masterpiece that was way ahead of its time. Sure, you can walk or cycle across the bridge, but the best way to appreciate the architectural wonder is up close and personal.What can you do at Bondi Beach?Enjoy an outdoor concert. B. Appreciate incredible architecture.C. Enjoy cliffside views. D. Cycle along the Coogee Coast.What5s recommended for an overnight stay in Taronga Zoo?A. In a safari tent. B. In your own car.Q At a five-star hotel. D. On a rest bench.What do Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge have in common?They both hold operas.They are engineering classics.They were built in the 19th century.They are on the UNESCO World Heritage list.BImagine that you take a walk around your yard or nearby park and immediately, the sounds of an insect band surround you. Produced by the muscular movements of insects called treehopper (角婢），this imagined soundscape comes from vibrations (共鸣，振动）that flow across the surface of plants. But it is not at all like the familiar vocalizations of crickets (蛾蟀）；instead» it's something richer, more varied. Some sounds are song-like, others are similar to the noises of machines or musical instruments. The noise made from even a single plant may be “as noisy as a busy street”.In An Immense World ： How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden Realms Around Us， Pulitzer prize-winning science journalist Ed Yong explains that, on a real walk instead of this one weVe imagined, humans would not be able to hear the treehoppers' music without special equipment. In the company of scientists with a laser vibrometer (振动计），a device that changes the treehopper vibrations into sounds audible to human ears, Yong gets to hear them in the wild and in the laboratory. He is shocked by the attractive sounds.In this book that follows on from 2018，s I Contain Multitudes ^ Yong writes in a perfect balance of scientific severity and personal awe as he invites readers to grasp something of how other animals experience the world. Communicating through surface vibrations is a rather cool example that extends beyond treehoppers to elephants and spiders, and to this fact about frogs： Attuned to vibrations entering the eggs, frog hatches quickly if a snake shows up with a hard bite, but ignore rain, wind, footsteps and even an earthquake.My admiration for the book is, well, immense. Like many thousands of other people, I have relied throughout the course of COVID-19 on Yong’s reporting at TTie as hecracked open the fast-changing world of pandemic science. Now, with An Immense World j Yong brings into beautiful focus a host of other animal sensory worlds that co-exist with ours, and how we may protect them.How does the soundscape come about according to paragraph 1?It comes from humans’ muscles.It arises from the vocalizations of crickets.It comes from an imaginable world.It arises from vibrations flowing across the surface of plants.Why can Yong hear the treehopper’s music?Because of a laser device.Because of the surface of plants.【高三英语第4页（共10页）】• 23 — 03C .Because of the nature of the insects.Because of the special imaginable environment.What can we learn about An Immense World ?It appeals to all kinds of peoples.It is aimed at protecting the animals.It is scheduled to be published next year.It describes a virtual world full of animals.What is the text?A. A news report. B. A historical novel.C. A book review. D. A personal biography.CStanford University researchers have developed a device called a nature-inspired aerial grasper，or SNAG，which can be attached to a quadcopter drone (四轴无人机）to give it feet and legs like those of an eagle. When equipped with the device, the drone is able to fly around catching and carrying objects and perching on various surfaces, according to a Stanfordnews release dated Dec. 1，2021，describing the work.But copying the flexibility of birds wasn't easy to do. The researchers shot videos of small parrots flying back and forth between special perches that contained sensors to measure the physical forces of landing, perching and takeoff.“What surprised us was that they did the same aerial military exercise，no matter what surfaces they were landing on，’’ one of the researchers，William Roderick, explained in the news release. **They let the feet handle the variability and complexity of the surface texture itself，” he said.Giving a drone similar abilities required technological feat. SNAG has a 3E)-printed structure that imitates an eagle's lightweight bones, and each of its legs is equipped with a motor for moving back and forth and a second one for grasping.Mechanisms in the robot's legs are designed to absorb impact energy and passively change it into grasping force，the way that a bird’s muscles would. As a result, a drone equipped with the device can grasp something strongly in just 20 milliseconds. Once the robot’s feet are wrapped around a perch, its ankles lock and an accelerometer—a device that measures vibration—detects the landing and activates a balancing algorithm to stabilize it on theperch.Elsewhere, researchers at other institutions also have been working for years on giving drones the ability to land and hang onto something. As this 2019 Smithsonian article explains, being able to land in various places helps drones to conserve energy that would expend by having to remain in the air. ThatJs important, because the flight time of robotic aircrafts is limited by their battery power.【高三英语第5页（共10页）】• 23-03C-What inspired the SNAG's development?The way parrots perch. B. The military exercise.C. The 3D-printed technology. D. The eagle's lightweight bones.What makes the drones' grabbing something strongly so quickly possible?The powerful battery.Their ability to imitate parrots5 taking off.The application of advanced flying techniques.The mechanical devices modeling a bird's muscles.What can we infer from the last paragraph?Flight time is not vital to the drones.After 2019, researchers quit efforts to improve flight time.Flight time has been a problem before this study.Researching the ability to land and hang onto something is meaningless.What is the most suitable title for the text?Drones, an application to the militaryRobotic drones, really like birdsRobotic drones, a comparison of birdsQuadcopter drones, advanced technologyDA new study suggests that crop insurance serves as a disincentive (抑制因素）for farmers to adopt climate change relief measures on their croplands.The study by researchers at North Carolina State University examined the interactions of warmer temperatures，crop yield (产量）risk and crop insurance participation by farmers. For the study, researchers developed models using historical county-level corn and soybean yield data in the United States, with an eye toward understanding the production impacts of rising temperatures.The researchers found that variation in crop yield due to higher temperatures rose when more farmers had crop insurance. Interestingly, the results showed greater variability effects for corn yields than for soybean yields.“This could be an unintended consequence of the government’s providing subsidies for crop insurance, which costs a large sum of money，’’ said Rod M. Rejesus, professor of agricultural and resource economics at NC State and the author of the research study. “The concept of moral crisis could be present here. If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example. ^ The study models indicate that an increase of daily minimum and maximum temperatures of 1 degree Celsius would increase county-level corn yield variability by 8. 6 bushels (1 bushel equals to 35. 24 L) per acre if 80% of farmers in a county have crop insurance. The same【高三英语第6页（共10页）】 . 23 — 030temperature rise in a county with 10% crop insurance participation would increase corn yield variability by just 6. 2 bushels per acre.The researchers bring up possible solutions to this situation for policymakers. They include providing more subsidies to encourage farmers7 use of climate change relief efforts —like soil health practices ——and starting high-level policy conversations about how to possibly adjust rules and guidelines that govern crop insurance contracts in order to reduce the disincentive effects.What does the study find about crop insurance?It ensures crop production.It leads to unexpected side effects.It results in worse climate change.It doesn't bring any benefits to farmers.What does the underlined word “subsidies” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Market support. B. Verbal support.C. Technical assistance. D. Financial aid.What might explain the unintended consequence of crop insurance?A. Moral crisis. B. Law issue.C. Study models. D. Custom change.How did the author show the effects of crop insurance on corn yield variability?A. By doing experiments. B. By making a comparison.C. By listing figures. D. By consulting experts,第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。As often as we move around these days for school, work or family, long distance friendships are a reality of adulthood. 36 ，there's no reason to let physical distance keep youfrom staying connected.Be definite and intentional about keeping your long distance friendIf you want to keep people in your life, you have to tell them and be ready to put in the effort.Whether you’ve just moved away from your friend or you've been apart for years, long distance friendships require a reciprocal (相互的）commitment. 37 . That means finding time to hang out. That means showing your friend that you value them. And the reciprocal is true—remember that they value you, too.Use common interests to feel connected and get realDevelop an “anchor” for your friendship. An anchor is something that you have in common that acts as a trigger to reach out to each other. 38 so you each send photos of the new dishes you make with a link to the recipe. Or you both love, let’s say，the HBO show【高三英语第7页(共10页）】 • 23 — 03C.Euphoria, and you text to discuss after each episode (^) comes out. It doesn't really matter what it is, as long as it helps you start a connection.Don’t hesitate to reach outIf you two feel like your communication is boring, don't be afraid to be the first one to reach out. It shows your friend that they don't need to fear rejection. By creating the space to make our friend feel valued, we help them become more courageous to take risks of intimacy (亲密）with us. 39 •40Separation is hard. Miscommunication happens. And because there’s just a limited amount of time you get with your friend, it's easy to let conflicts go unaddressed. Try not to sweep things under the rug. In fact, addressing conflict is one of the ways you can become closer with your friend.That means reaching outMaybe you both love cookingBe vital to communicate openlyIf you determine to abandon the friendshipConflicts are natural and healthy—address them openlyWhile they might require some plans and creativity to keep upWe help create the space for them to want to invest more with us第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。An act of kindness has warmed people's hearts after a stranger left a note and boxes of free food out in a park. The last year has been an especially 41 time for many. There are numerous people who find themselves in 42 of a little help. And one kind 43 hastaken it upon themselves to make a difference to someone in need. They did so by 44 food supplies on a park bench for people to collect, free of 45 .A local resident 46 the boxes and bags of free food on a bench while 47 through Leith Links park. He then 48 it via Facebook alerting others that may be struggling for food during the cold 49 period. The photo showed there were two big boxes and a bag packed full of 50 such as bread, rolls, fruit and vegetables with a 51 attached that read: “Free to use，please put the lid back on. ’’ The 52 who shared the collection of food commented, “ What a 53 thing to do. ’’This isn’t the first time a similar 54 of goodwill has been spotted over the last few years in the area to help homeless individuals and those struggling 55 People in the comments said that this has been a 56 occurrence over the years, with one kind-hearted soul taking it upon themselves to 57 help during the winter months.【高三英语第8页(共10页）】• 23-03C •第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Every person in this world has their own unique experiences and challenges—and just because they aren't universal, it doesn't mean they aren't there. That's where the Human Library project comes in. It gives us a chance 61 (explore) the stories that we might never know about otherwise. It gives us 62 unique opportunity to look at the world through the eyes of others.It is done without 63 (judge), and it leads to understanding. The Human Library started 64 the concept of living books. Each person became an open “book” and shared their own experiences in life. They would talk about 65 life was like in their shoes.The project began with fifty different human books which were highlighted in an event that 66 (last) for four days, 67 (go) for eight hours each day, as the human books answered questions and held discussions. Now, the Human Library has become something that reaches so much 68 (far) and has had an impact on so many minds.【高三英语第9页（共10页）】•23—030A lot of people have 58 from anxiety and mental health issues during the pandemic and this touching gesture is sure to 59 those who still feel uncomfortable being within close approach of others. It’s so lovely to see people having each other’s 60 during the most difficult of times!41. A. greatB. difficultC. successfulD. excellent42. A. needB, honorC, memoryD. support43. A. farmerB. soulC. mindD. teacher44. A. spoilingB. makingC. leavingD. selling45.A. payB. controlC. holdD. charge46. A. came acrossB. took inC. gave outD. send up47. A. drivingB. lookingC. walkingD. sleeping48. A. ignoredB. declaredC. promotedD. shared49. A. summerB. winterC. autumnD. spring50. A. belongingsB. materialsC. suppliesD. resources51. A. noteB. letterC. diaryD. picture52. A. journalistB, localC. photographerD. traveler53. A. usualB. commonC. kindD. rare54. A. gestureB. organizationC. numberD. situation55. A. constantlyB. personallyC. physicallyD. financially56, A. recentB. clearC. regularD. single57. A. arrangeB. pretendC. preventD. provide58. A. sufferedB. differedC. heardD.learned59. A. frightenB. benefitC. amuseD. treat60. A. shouldersB. armsC. legsD. backs【高三英语第10页（共10页）】23-03C •The Human Library gives people a chance to ask questions. It offers a rare option to learn from the perspective of those who 69 (affect) by a situation. It's no longer about always having an outside perspective. It’s about having a chance to go to the source and 70 (simple) ask.Would you be willing to become a human book and share your own story?第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A )，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意•_ 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I know from your last letter that you have a strong desire to buy some specially gifts with typical Chinese features. I'm extremely delighted to offer you some constructive advices. Here are some details.Initially, a tea pot producing by Wuxi is an extraordinary alternative. What deserved to be mentioned is that China has a profound history concerning tea culture, which could date back thousands of years ago. Beside, not only can drinking tea promote our sense of satisfaction, but also can improve ours memory.Secondly, that calls for our special attention is the treasure of China, Panda. Thus, a toy is named Bing Dwen Dwen can be considered due to its lovely appearance.As the matter of fact, if you can take my suggestions into consideration, Tm sure your family will love what you choose for them.第二节书面表达(满分25分）你校英文报在全校发起了以“How can we get along with classmates?”为题的讨论。你班 讨论结果如下:1.相互帮助;2.相互信任;3.相互尊重。请你就讨论结果写一篇短文投稿，内容 包括：简述讨论结果；简单评论。注意：词数100左右；题目和首句已为你写好。