英语语法之冠词知识点
展开冠词一、不定冠词a\an1.用法: ①用在单数可数名词的前面,表示“一个”。例: She is a nice girl. ②指某一个人或某一件事物,不具体说明。例: There is a book on the desk. ③用在一些固定词组、短语中。例: a few, a little,a bit ofhave a cold(感冒) have a fever(发烧) take a bath(洗澡)have a look(看一看) have a good time(玩的开心)2.区别:a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前面; 例: a book, a peach an用在发音以元音音素开头的名词前。 an hour, an apple二、定冠词the定冠词the用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那。①用来表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物The pencil on the desk is mine. 桌上的这支铅笔是我的。②表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物Look at the picture, please. 请看这张图片。③表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物This is a lamp. The lamp is beautiful. 这是台灯。这个台灯很好看。④用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前the sun, the moow, the earth⑤用在序数词和最高级前He lives on the fifth floor. 他住在五楼。She is the tallest girl in her class. 她是她们班最高的。⑥用在由普通名词构成的专有名词或江河、湖海等专有名词前the Great Wall长城 the Yangtze River长江⑦用在姓氏的复数前,表示一家人The smiths are very happy. 史密斯一家人很幸福。⑧用在乐器的名词前Tom can play the piano.汤姆会弹钢琴。⑨在一些习惯用语中:on the right, by the way, at the mowent三、零冠词①国名、地名、人名等专有名词前:in China, in Shanghai②季节、月份、星期、节日等名词前:in Spring, in November, on Sunday③表示一日三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名词前:have breakfast, play football, play chess④名词前已有this, that, my his, every, some等限定词修饰时:his coat, some apples⑤一些习惯用语中:go to school, by bus/bike/train..., on foot, after class, after school, day and night(日日夜夜),for example(例如),introuble(陷入困境),in danger(处于危险中),in fact(事实上), at noon, at night, at home, on duty (值日)⑥不可数名词前或复数名词表示一类人或事物时:milk, water(不可数名词)⑦在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前:Uncle wang likes playing chess.王叔叔喜欢下棋。特别注意:有冠词和无冠词意义不同。有 the 通常表示具体的场所,无the 表示在该场所从事的事情。go to school 去上学go to the school 去学校 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁