牛津版 (深圳&广州)九年级上册(2014秋审查)Unit 1 Wise men in history精品第一课时学案及答案
展开牛津深圳版英语九年级上册Unit 1第1课时学案
学生姓名
班级
序号
课题内容
Module1 Unit 1 Wise men in history Reading 1
教材分析
本课时是Unit 1的第一课时,课文A部分导入历史上一些智者的相关信息,B部分是阅读前导入部分,要求能够根据图片和标题推测文章内容,故事情节。课文阅读部分讲述的是阿基米德帮国王鉴定金皇冠的故事,即阿基米德是怎样发现阿基米德定理(浮力定理)的。课文C部分是词汇练习题,目的在于让学生通过词语练习,能够熟练运用重点词语,掌握词语的相关用法。本课时还安排了语言点学习,对本课时重点词汇,句型,必考知识点进行总结。
学习目标
与
核心素养
1.学生能够掌握本单元的关键词、短语、语言要点。
2.学生能够用关键词来谈论历史上的智者。
3.学生能够根据图片和标题来预测课文的内容。
4.学生能够理解课文的内容和情节发展。
5.学生能够用关键词来重述阿基米德和金冠的故事。
6.培养学生们对历史上的智者的兴趣。
学习重点
1.掌握关键单词的用法。
2.理解课文的中心思想。
3.用关键词来谈论历史上的智者。
学习难点
1.根据图片和上下文来预测单词的含义。
2.复述阿基米德和金王冠的故事。
考点分析
一、必背单词
1.golden [ˈɡəʊldən] adj.金的;金色的 2.Olympics [əʊˈlɪmpɪks]n.[pl.]奥运会
3.agreement[əˈɡri:mənt]n.应允;同意 4.pot [pɒt] n.罐;壶
5.doubt [daʊt] v.对......无把握;不能肯定 6.real [ˈri:əl] adj.真的;正宗的
7.truth [tru:θ] n.真相;实情 8.seem [si:m] v.好像;似乎
9.solve [sɒlv] v. 解决;处理 10.fill [fɪl] v.装满;注满
11.bowl [bəʊl] n.碗;盆 12.metal [ˈmetl] n.金属
13.certain [ˈsɜ:tn] adj.确定的;肯定的 14.prison [ˈprɪzn] n.监狱;牢狱
15.less[les]det.(与不可数名词连用)较少的;更少的
二、常考短语
in ancient Greece在古希腊
(be)happy with (对某人或事物)满意的=be pleased/satisfied with
fill...with... .......用.... 把...装满
be filled with=be full of充满:装满
think about = consider考虑;思考
nun over溢出
send sb to prison把某人关进监狱
tell the truth说实话
make sure确保;设法保证
be made of+看得见的原材料 由......制成
be made from +看不见的原材料 由......制成
be made by+sb.被某人制成
三、重要语言点
1.At first, he was very happy with it.
①at first“起初”。相当于at beginning,与后来发生的事相对照,其反义词组为at last (最后,最终)。
②be happy with sb. /sth.意为“对某人或事物满意的”,相当于be pleased with sb. / sth.。
2.Later,however, he began to doubt that it was a real golden crown.
①doubt此处用作及物动词,意为“不能肯定,对......无把握”。
②real形容词,意思为“真的;正宗的”,其副词形式为really。
③golden adj.金的;金色的
3.“Is it made completely of gold?”he wondered.
be made of“由......制成”。
be made of+看得见的原材料 由......制成
be made from +看不见的原材料 由......制成
4.He sent it to Archimedes and asked him to find out the truth.
truth此处用作不可数名词,意为“真相,实情”。常用短语: tell the truth意为“说实话”。其形容词形式为true,副词形式为truly.
5. This problem seems difficult to solve.
①seem用作连系动词,意为“似乎; 好像”。本句中后面接形容词作表语。
②solve及物动词,意为“解决;处理”。名词形式为solution, 意为“解决办法;解答”。
③辨析:solve和answer的区别
solve
常与problem等词语搭配,问题难度比较大。
answer
常与question搭配使用,表示“回答问题”,问题难度较小。
6.Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water.
fill ... with ...意为.........装/填满”,with后常接物质名词。其中fill用作及物动词,意为“装满;注满”。
7.A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal.
①less是little的比较级,意为“更少的,较少的”,其最高级形式为least.其后跟不可数名词,less的反义词为more。
②metal 既可以用作可数名词,也可以用做不可数名词,意为“金属”。
8. ... so I'm certain that it's not completely made of gold....
certain作形容词,意为“确定的,肯定的”。
9.He then sent the crown maker to prison.
send sb. to prison意为“把某人关进监狱”。
10.反义疑问句
It's a nice crown,isn't it?
It isn't made completely of gold,is it?
同步训练
一.英汉互译。
1.be happy with... ________ 2. fill...with_____________
3.send...to prison___________ 4.be certain______________
5.be made of______________ 6.溢出__________________
7.古希腊_________________ 8.解决问题______________
9.找出真相_______________ 10.一顶金皇冠___________
二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词, 完成句子。
1.The police sent him to______(监狱).
2. He is weak in grammar, and often makes m______.
3.I can't s______ the problem alone. Can you help me?
4. Is this_______(真的) gold?
5.He is a ______(勇敢的) boy.
6.His father has been in p_____ for three years.
7.We set out to find the t______behind the mystery.
8. You've made several grammatical m____ in the composition.
9. Are you saying that they are sending too many people to p_____ ?
10. Don't h_____the dog with little stones.
三、单项选择题。
( )1. The field is filled with insects, so we have to use pesticide.
A. is full of B. has a lot C. have many D. wants
( )2. He doubts his wife loves other people.
A. wonders B. believes C. is sure D. is certain
( )3. —Long time no see!
—Oh, it ______ like years since I last saw you.
A. looks B. seems C. feels D. smell
( )4.I think there will be _______ clear water in the future if people continue to pollute the environment.
A. more B. less C. fewer D. lower
( )5. The model plane _______ used wood and glass, and the paper _______ wood.
A. is made of; is made from B. is made from; is made of
C. are made of; are made from D. are made from; is made of
( )6. If you work hard, I make sure that you will get good grades.
A. go together B. am certain C. make up
( )7. The bowl is filled with water.
A. is full of B. full of C. filled with
( )8. If you are about something, you firmly believe it is true.
A. curious B. careful C. certain
( )9. I don't think I can solve this math's problem in five minutes.
A. remember B. give up C. work out
( )10. Last Sunday, I got an A in the exam. My mother what I did.
A. was angry with B. was happy with C. was interested in
四、翻译句子。
1.他被国王关进了监狱。
He______ _______ _______ ________by the king.
2.我对你的答案很满意。
I ______ ______ ______ your answer.
3.我很肯定我会查明事实真相。
I am certain that I will_____ _____ ______ ______.
4.他好像知道真实情况。
He_____ _____ _____ the fact. It_____ ______he knew the fact.
5.我不知道如何解决这个问题。
I don't know_____ _____ ______the problem.
6.要向杯子里倒茶了。茶水溢出来了。
Don't fill the cup with tea. It_____ _____.
7.这个瓶子里装满了水。
The bottle is______ ______water.
8.格林太太把一些糖果放进了莉莉的包里。
Mrs Green ______ some sweets______ Lily's bag.
9.这把椅子是竹子制成的。(be made of)
______________________________________
10.这个男孩既活泼又健康。
The boy is ______ lively ______ healthy.
五、选词填空。
Next, he______(put, putted) two pots_____(in, into) two big bowls and filled____
(both, all) pots_____(by, with) water. He put the gold into one pot, and some water(ran, run) into the bowl. Then he put the crown into____(other, the other) pot. This time,____
(even,ever)_____(more, less) water ran into the bowl.
六、阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
Once, a king showed two men a large basket in the garden. He told them to fill it with water from a well(井). After they 1 their work, he left, saying, "When the Sun is down, I will come and see your work."
Soon after one of them said, "What's the use of doing the foolish work? We can 2__
fill the basket." 3 man answered, "That is none of your business." The first man said, "You may do as you like, but I am not going to work at 4 so foolish." He 5 his
bucket and went away. The other man said no word and kept on carrying 6 . At last the well was almost 7 .
As he poured the last bucket of water into the basket, he saw a bright thing in it. He picked it up. It was a beautiful gold ring. Just then the king came. 8 he saw the ring, he knew that he had found the kind of man he wanted. He told him to keep the ring for himself. "You 9 so well in this little thing," he said, " 10 now I know I can believe you with many things."
1. A. finished B. did C. began
2. A. ever B. never C. easily
3. A. The other B. Another C. One
4. A. anything B. something C. nothing
5. A. picked up B. put away C. threw away
6. A. water B. basket C. well
7. A. full B. empty C. filled
8. A. While B. As soon as C. Before
9. A. have done B. will do C. do
10. A. what B. why C. that
答案解析部分
一、英汉互译。
[答案]
[第1空] ......感到满意
[第2空] ......填满
[第3空]把...送进监狱
[第4空]确定
[第5空] 由.....制成
[第6空] run over
[第7空] ancient Greece
[第8空] solve problem
[第9空] find out the truth
[第10空] a golden crown
[解析]
①be happy with... 对......感到满意= be pleased with或be satisfied with.
②fill......with......把.....填满如: Pleased fill the glass with beer.请把杯子斟满啤酒。
③send.......prison把.....送进监狱。They send the thief to prison。他们把那个贼送进监狱。
④be certain 确信。如: I'm certain about the news that we have won.我确信我们已经赢这个消息。
⑤be made of....制成(看得出原料) Most furniture is made of wood.大部分家具是用木材做的。
⑥溢出run over如: The last drop make the cup run over.最后一滴,杯水外溢。
⑦古希腊ancient Greece
⑧解决问题solve problem We have to learn to analyze and solve problem.我们必须学会分析问题解决问题。
⑨找出真相find out the truth We shall find out the truth early or late.我们迟早会查明事实真相。
⑩一顶金皇冠a golden crown
二. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词, 完成句子。
1. [答案]prison
2.[答案]mistakes
3. [答案]solve
4. [答案]real
5.[答案]brave
6. [答案]prison
7.[答案]truth
8. [答案]mistakes
9. [答案]prison
10.[答案]hit
[解析]
1.句意:警察送他进监狱。故填prison.
2.句意:他语法较弱,经常犯错误。make mistakes犯错误,故填mistakes。
3.句意:我不能独自解决这个问题,你能帮我吗?故填solve.
4.句意:这是真金的吗?故填real.
5.句意:他是一个勇敢的孩子。故填brave.
6.句意:他的父母已经在监狱里三年了。根据首字母提示可知应该是在监狱里, in prison ,在监狱,固定搭配,故填prison.
7. 句意:我们开始寻找神秘背后的真相。定冠词the后是名词,根据behind the mystery , 可知神秘背后的是真相,truth ,是名词,真相,故填truth。
8. 句意:你作文比赛犯了一些语法错误。 grammatical语法的 ,修饰名词,结合首字母提示,可知应是在作文中犯了一些错误, mistake错误,可数名词, several后接名词复数,故填mistakes.
9.句意:你是说他们把太多的人送去监狱? send Sb to prison ,把某人送进监狱,故填prison。
10.句意:不要用小石头打那条狗。根据“with little stones"可知应该用小石头打狗, hit打,是动词,助动词don't后接动词原形,故填hit.
三、单选题
1.[答案]A
[考点]词义辨析
[解析]句意:地里到处都是昆虫,所以我们不得不使用杀虫剂。be full of充满;has a lot有很多,后面需加of才能加宾语,B错误;主语field为可数名词单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,C错误;wants想要,与句意不符。be filled with充满,与be full of意思相近,故选A。
[点评]考查词义辨析,首先理解选项意思,与题目划线部分的单词或短语做比较,找出意义相近的一项。
2.[答案]A
[考点]词义辨析
[解析]句意:他怀疑他的妻子爱别人。wonder想知道;believe相信;be sure确定;be certain确定。doubt怀疑,与wonder意思相近,故选A。
[点评]考查词义辨析,首先理解选项意思,与题目划线部分的单词或短语做比较,找出意义相近的一项。
3.[答案]B
[考点]动词辨析
[解析]句意:——好久不见!——噢,好像有好几年没见你了。looks看起来;seems似乎;feels感觉;smell闻起来;根据句意和语境可知这里意为“好像,似乎”,故答案为B。
[点评]考查动词辨析。注意识记动词seem的意义和用法。
4.[答案]B
[考点]形容词比较级
[解析]句意:我认为如果人们继续污染环境,未来会有更少的清水。more更多的;less更少的,修饰不可数名词;fewer更少的,修饰可数名词复数;lower更低的;根据 if people continue to pollute the environment. 可知是更少的水,水不可数,用less,故答案为B。
[点评]考查比较级。注意识记less的用法。
5.[答案]A
[考点]主谓一致,短语辨析
[解析]句意:模型飞机是用旧木头和玻璃做的,纸是用木头做的。be made of由……材料制成的(能看出原材料);be made from由……制成的(看不出原材料);根据句意可知句意可知第一个能看出原材料,主语单数用is;第二个看不出原材料,主语是不可数名词;故答案为A。
[点评]考查固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配的用法。
6.[答案]B
[考点]词义辨析
[解析]句意:如果你努力学习,我确信你将会取得好成绩。A.一起去,相配;B.确定;C.组成。make sure,确信,故选B。
[点评]考查词义辨析,注意理解选项意思,选出与划线部分相同或相近的一项。
7.[答案]A
[考点]词义辨析
[解析]句意:碗里装满了水。A装满了……,B装满,C用……填充,划线部分是 is filled with,装满了……,故与is full of是同义词,故选A。
[点评]考查词义辨析,注意is filled with和is full of是同义词。
8.[答案] C
[考点]形容词辨析
[解析]句意:如果你确定某件事,你坚信这是真的。A好奇的,B细心的,C确信的,根据 believe it is true,可知想象是真的,是确信的,故选C。
[点评]考查形容词辨析,注意certain,确信的用法。
9.[答案]C
[考点]词义辨析
[解析]句意:我不认为我能在五分钟内解决这道数学题。A记得,B放弃,C算出,划线部分是 solve,解决,即是算出数学题,故与 work out 是同义词,故选C。
[点评]考查词义辨析,注意 solve和 work out 是同义词。
10.[答案]B
[考点]短语辨析
[解析]句意: 上周日,我考试得了A。我的妈妈很满意我做的事。A生某人的气,B对……满意,C对……感兴趣,根据 I got an A in the exam 可知考试成绩好妈妈满意,故选B。
[点评]考查短语辨析,注意was happy with,对……满意的用法。
四、翻译句子。
1.[答案]
[第1空] was
[第2空] put
[第3空] into
[第4空] prison
[解析] [分析] 关进监狱, put into prison ,固定短语。根据汉语提示及语法知识可知,要用一般过去时的被动语态 ,其构成为was/were +动词过去分词;主语he ,系动词要用was ,固定答案为was put into prison。
[点评]考查汉译英。注意一般过去时被动语态的基本结构。
2.[答案]
[第1空] am
[第2空] happy /pleased/satisfied
[第3空] with
[解析] be happy /pleased/satisfied with sth ,对某事非常的满意,固定结构。此句描述的是事实,要用一般现在时,主语I,系动词要用am ,故填am , happy/pleased/satisfied ,with.
[点评]考查翻译句子,弄清句子结构,根据提示确定空格处需要的单词或短语,注意动词的形式。
3.[答案]
[第1空] find
[第2空] out
[第3空] the
[第4空] truth
[解析]查明, find out,固定结构;实真相, the truth; will ,情态动词,其后跟动词形,故find
out the truth。
[点评]考查汉译英。注意固定短语find out的基本含义及构成。
4.[答案]
[第1空] seemed
[第2空] to
[第3空] know
[第4空] seemed
[第5空] that
[解析]好像, seem,动词;其固定短语seem to do sth=it seems that从句,好像做某事。根据汉语提示可知此句要用一般过去时, seem的过去式是seemed.故填seemed to know; seemed that.
[点评]考查汉译英。注意动词seem的基本用法。
5.[答案]
[第1空] how
[第2空] to
[第3空] solve
[解析] [分析] 如何, how ,特殊疑问词;解决, solve ;根据汉语提示及语法知识可知,要用不定式的复合结构做宾语, 故答案为how to solve.
[点评]考查汉译英。注意动词不定式的基本用法。
6.[答.案]
[第1空] runs
[第2空] over
[解析]根据中英文对照,可知缺少成分“溢出”, run over ,固定搭配,根据句意可知时态为一般现在时,主语it为第三人称单数,因此谓语动词用单三式,故填runs , over.
[点评]考查汉译英,注意根据中英文对照确定所缺成分并进行翻译。
7.[答案]
[第1空] filled
[第2空] with
[解析] 根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“装满了.. ; (be) filled with ,装满了, 充满了
...... ,固定搭配,故答案为filled with。
[点评]考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配be filled with的用法。
8.[答案]
[第1空] put
[第2空] into
[解析]根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为......里”; put into , ...放进,固定搭配;根据句意可知是发生了的动作,用一般过去时,动词用过去式, put的过去式还是put ,故答案为put,into。
[点评]考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配put into的用法。
9.[答案] The chair is made if bamboo.
[解析]be made ....制成。故译为: The chair is made if bamboo.
[点评]翻译句子首先掌握句子的基本结构,翻译时先找到句子的主语和谓语,然后把其他成分补上去。注意单词和词组的运用。
10.The boy is ______ lively ______ healthy.
[答案] [第1空] both
[第2空] and
[解析]考查固定搭配: ........ both......and
五、选词填空。
[答案]
[第1空] put
[第2空] into
[第3空] both
[第4空] with
[第5空] ran
[第6空] the other
[第7空] even
[第8空] more
[解析]然后,他把两个壶放到两只大碗里,两只壶里都装满水。他把金子放进壶里,然后一些水溢到碗里,接着他把王冠放进另外一只里,这一次,甚至更多的溢进碗里。
①根据下文的He put the gold可知选put。
②根据下文可知用词经........可知填into.
③上文提到两只壶,故选both.
④词组: fill sth with sth可知选with。
⑤根据_上下文可知用过去式,故填ran.
⑥两个中的另外-一个,故填the other.
⑦even修饰比较级,甚至更.... ;故选even.
⑧根据逻辑可知选more。
[点评]考查词的辨析。
六、完形填空
11.[答案](1)C;(2)B;(3)A;(4)A;(5)C;(6)A;(7)B;(8)B;(9)A;(10)C;
[考点]人物传记/故事阅读类,记叙文
[解析]大意:本文讲述国王寻找自己需要的人,以至于他考验他选中的两个人,叫他们用篮子提井水,其中一位男人还没怎么开始就放弃离开了,另一位坚持不懈,国王最后发现他想要的人选已经找到了,他可以安心的把更多的任务交给他的故事。
(1)句意:在他们开始工作之后,他离开了,并且说,“当太阳下山的时候,我会回来看你们的工作”A.完成;B.做;C.开始。国王说话的时候,两个人开始工作,用began,开始,故选C。
(2)句意:我们永远不可能装满篮子。A.曾经;B.从不;C.容易地。篮子有洞的,所以篮子里不可能装到水,此处应用表否定意义的副词,因此用never,从不,故选B。
(3)句意:另一个男人答到,“那不是你的事。”A.(两者中的)另一个;B.(三者或三者以上中的)另一个;C.一。根据two men可知,是两个男人中的另一个,用the other, 故选A。
(4)句意:第一个男人说,“你可能会做你喜欢的事情,但是我将会做如此愚蠢的事情。A.任何事,某事;B.某事;C.什么也没有。anything某事,用于否定句或一般疑问句中,而something,某事,用于肯定句中,nothing什么也没有,用于肯定句中,表否定,本句是否定句,故排除BC,故选A。
(5)句意:他扔掉他的水桶离开了。A.捡起,摘;B.收好;C.扔掉。由于他认为这是愚蠢的事情,因此他应该是扔掉水桶离开,用threw away扔掉,故选C。
(6)句意:另一个男人什么也没有说继续打水。A.水;B.篮子;C.水井。由于国王叫他们俩用篮子装水,此处应该是打水,故选A。
(7)句意:最后水井几乎是空的。A.满的;B.空的;C.填。用水桶从井里不断的提水,可知井水会越来越少,最终变空,此处用empty,空的,故选B。
(8)句意:他一看见戒指,他就知道他发现了他想要的那种人。A.当……时候;B.一……就;C.在……之前。这是一个主从复合句,从句缺少引导时间状语从句的连词,此处应用as soon as,一……就,表示一看见戒指,就知道谁是自己需要的人,故选B。
(9)句意:他说,“你在这么小的事情上都做的很好,那么现在我知道我可以在许多事情上相信你。”A.做,现在完成时;B.将做,一般将来时;C.做,一般现在时。描述过去发生的事情对现在造成了影响并产生了结果,用现在完成时,故选A。
(10)句意:他说,“你在这么小的事情上都做的很好,那么现在我知道我可以在许多事情上相信你。”A.什么;B.为什么;C.那个。so…that如此……以至于,固定搭配,故选C。
[点评]考查完型填空,考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先跳过空格通读全文掌握其大意。然后作答。注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍检查验证答案。
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