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英语人教版 (2019)Unit 3 Sports and fitness教学设计
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这是一份英语人教版 (2019)Unit 3 Sports and fitness教学设计，共13页。教案主要包含了词汇，阅读，语法，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人教版高中英语（2019）必修第一册
Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
一、词汇
1、识记
fitness, soccer, stadium, boxing, badminton, marathon, event, ski, host, track, gym, gymnastics, sweat, legend, athlete, master, honour, glory, medal, championship, determination, apart, injure, captain, lose heart, graceful, strength, failure, cheat, million, audience, positive, slim, diet, rather than, now and then. jog, stress, error, *infer, *function, *appropriate
2、词形变化
fitness n. à v. &adj. fit
athlete n. àadj. athletic
glory n. à adj. glorious
adv. gloriously
determination n. à v. determine
adj. determined
strength n. à adj. strong
vt. strengthen
failure n. à v. fail
injure v. à adj. injured
n. injury
compete v. à n. competitor
n. competition
adj. competitive
adv. competitively
positive adj. à adv. positively
compare v. à n. comparison
stress v. & n. à adj. stressful
adv. stressfully
*function n. à adj. functional
adv. functionally
appropriate adj. à adv. appropriately
3、应用
1. come短语及相关练习
come about 发生
come across sb/sth偶遇
come back 回来,再度流行;恢复;复原
come down 塌陷,崩溃,(物价气温等)下降;
come in (潮水)涨,当令,上市,开始流行,当权
come into 进入;加入
come into being 开始存在
come into force 开始实行;开始生效(=come into effect)
come into power 上台,掌握政权
come into use 开始使用
come off 发生;(informal)举行;(计划企图等)成功;脱落
come on 跟随;进步;发展;(雨季,夜,病等)来到;(演员)登场;问题被提出来;语气词;加油(=JiaYou);(表示某人说话不正确)得了吧;(常用进行时)(疾病或某种心情)开始;(电视节目等)开始;开始运转,运行
come out (太阳等)出现;(真相)大白;(消息)传出;出版,发表
come over 从远处来;改变立场意见
come to prep. 苏醒;归结为;总计;涉及到;终于
come to an end 结束
come to life 苏醒
come up (种子等)长出地面;被提出;出现;即将发生;走近;长出;流行;呕吐出来
come up to prep. 达到;等于;不辜负;走近
come up with 发现(解决办法答案)
(05江西,28)Please tell me how the accident ______. I’m still in the dark.
A. came by B. came up
C. came to D. came about
(06湖北,25)It's already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it ______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over B. came out
C. came about D. came up
2. work词性、词义、短语及相应用法
v. 工作，劳动，干活
work at/on 从事于
I’ve been working at my homework all day.
我整天都在做作业。
He is working on a new novel.
他正在写一本新小说。
work for sb./sth. 为……工作，受雇于，努力获得
She works for an engineering company.
她在一家工程公司工作。
She dedicated her life to work for peace.
她为争取和平奉献了自己的一生。
work as sth. 从事……的工作
My son is working as a science teacher.
我的儿子是个理科教师。
v. 运转，运行
The phone isn’t working.
这部电话坏了。
It works by electricity.
这是电动的。
work on sb./sth.奏效，产生预期的结果（或作用）
The pills the doctor gave me aren’t working.
医生给我的药片不管事。
His charm doesn’t work on me.
我不为他的魅力所动。
v.产生作用
I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but it didn’t work.
我曾努力地想说服他戒烟，但没有作用。
work out
1)锻炼身体，做运动
I worked out regularly to keep fit.
我经常作运动以保持健康。
2)成功地发展
Things have worked out quite well for us.
事情的结果对我们很不错。
3)计算出
Work out the answer,
计算出结果
4)解决，处理，找到……的答案
Work out a problem
解决问题
I can’t work out where the music was coming from.
我弄不清音乐时从哪里传出来的。
5）计划
I have worked out a new way of doing it.
我想出了做这事的一个行方式。
Un.工作，职业
They had been out of work for a year.
他们已经失业一年了。
It is difficult to find work nowadays.
如今很难找到工作。
Cn.著作，作品
Lu Xun’s works
鲁迅的作品
拓展：
workable adj. （系统、想法等）可行的，行得通的
workaday adj. 普通的，平凡的，平淡无奇的
This is a far cry from her normal workaday world.
这与她通常的平淡无奇的生活大不相同。
workaholic adj.工作狂，工作迷，醉心于工作的人
workbench n.工作台
workbook n. 练习册，作业本
workday n. 8小时工作日，平日的交通
workforce n. 全体员工，劳动力，劳动人口
workhorse n. 埋头苦干的人
workhouse n. （英国旧时的）救济所
workload n. （某一人或组织的）工作量，工作负担
workout n. 锻炼
workplace n. 工作场所
workshop n. 车间，工场，研讨班，讲习班
3. give短语
give away 赠送；颁布；暴露；泄露；放弃；分配，分发；出卖（朋友）；塌下；（在婚礼上）将新娘交给新郎；丧失（优势）
give back 归还，送回；恢复；后退；反射；报复
give in 交上；提出；屈服，妥协；投降，让步；勉强同意
give in to prep. 屈服于
give off 放出，排出；发出（气味、光、热等）
give out 用完；疲惫；分发；发表；公布，宣布；放出（光、热等）；停止运转；别再……了，到此为止吧。
give over 移交；停止；放弃；住手
give sth. up 放弃，抛弃，中止，停止，把（本该做其他事的时间）耗费于
1.(07福建,33)The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ___ on the radio yesterday.
A. turned out B. found out
C. given out D. carried out
2.(08江西,29) If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ___ during the day.
A. away B. up C. in D. back
4. compete
v. 竞争，对抗
compete with/against sb. for sth.
Several companies are competing for the contract.
未得到那项合同，几家公司正在竞争。
We can’t compete with them on price.
我们在价格上无法与它们竞争。
Young children will usually compete for their mother’s attention.
小孩子通常都会在母亲面前争宠。
拓展：
competition [kXmpE5tIFn] n.竞争，角逐；比赛，竞赛
competition between/ with sb. for sth.
There ia now intense competition between schools to attract students.
现在学校之间为了招揽生源展开了激烈竞争。
competitive [kEm5petItIv] adj. 竞争的，有竞争力的
Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.
毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取找到工作。
We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.
我们必须更加努力工作以保持对其他公司具有竞争力。
competitively [kEm5petItIvl] adv.
competitor [kEm5petItE] Cn. （尤指商业方面的）竞争者，对手；参赛者，竞赛者
5. pretend [prI5tend]
v. 假装，佯装
I’m tired of having to pretend all the time.
我讨厌老得装假。
adj.（多用于名词前）假装的，想象的
pretend cakes/toys
假糕点，假玩具
短语：
pretend to sb. that 从句
He pretended to his family that everything is fine.
他对家人佯称一切都好。
pretend to do sth.
He pretended not to notice.
他假装没注意。
pretend to sth. （通常用于否定句和疑问句）自称，自认为
I can’t pretend to any great musical talent.
我不能妄称自己多有音乐天赋。
拓展
pretender [prI5tendE] n. （头衔的）冒充者，觊觎者
pretence/pretense [prI5tens] n. 假装，伪装，虚伪的表现
pretense of (doing) sth.
pretense that …
Their friendliness was only pretence.
他们的友善态度只不过是装出来的。
By the end of the evening she had abandoned all pretence of being interest.
到晚会结束时，她已将假装的兴趣跑得一干二净。
She was unable to keep up the pretence that she loved him.
她无法继续假装爱他了。
pretence to (doing) sth. 妄称，自称，标榜
I make no pretence to being an expert on the subject.
我不敢自诩为这方面的专家。
A woman with some pretence to beauty
自诩有几分姿色的女人
6. cut短语
cut across sth 取捷径穿过(田地等)(=cut through);与…相反;穿越;影响到;超出界限;适用于(分离的不同群体)
cut at sb/sth (用刀剑或鞭子)对准…猛击
_cut sth away (from) 割掉,砍去
cut sth back 剪短;减少,减低;修剪
cut sth/sb down 砍倒;砍杀,杀死(某人);病死,病倒;减少(数量);减短;使丧失
cut down on 减少对…之消耗量
cut in/into 打断(谈话等);(=cut in on sb)插嘴
cut sb in (on sth) 让某人分享利润
cut into sth 切开(某物);妨碍
cut sb/sth off(from) 切去;使孤立;删掉;剥夺(继承权);断绝;中断(电话通话);中断(供给);堵塞,阻碍;切断去路,使与外界隔绝
cut sth out 剪下,切去;剪裁(衣服);(口)删去;(马达)熄火;住口;阻挡(尤指光线)
cut sb out 击败(对手)
cut through 开辟(出路)
cut sb/sth up 切碎;摧毁,粉碎;歼灭;严厉批评;(常用于被动)使伤心;(严重的)割伤,打伤
(05湖南,26)I was just talking to Margret when Jackson ___.
A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up
7. compare [kEm5peE]
v. 比较，对比；与……类似（相似）
compare A and B compare A with/. to B
It is interesting to compare their situation and ours.
把他们的状况与我们的相比很有意思。
This house doesn’t compare with our previous one.
这房子比不上我们以前的。
拓展
comparison [kEm5pArIsEn] n.比较，对比，相比
comparative [kEm5pArEtItIv] adj. 比较的，相比的
comparatively [kEm5pArEtIvlI] adv. 比较上，相对地
comparable [kEm5pErEbl] adj. 类似的，可比较地
8. *fill A with B (A be filled with B)
A be full of B
9. *provide [rE5vaId]
v. 提供，供应，给予
provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb.
We are here to provide a service for the public.
We are here to provide the public with a service.
我们来这里是为公众服务的。
拓展
provider [prE5vaIdE] n. 供应者，提供者，供养人
provided / providing conj. (provided/ providing (that) …如果，假如，在……条件下
二、阅读
Before Reading
world championship世界锦标赛
at home and abroad国内外
work together as at team齐心协力
stand still 站着不动，停滞不前
mental strength 精神力量
accept failure 接受失败
While Reading
I 课文解构
1 player 2 coach 3 person 4 skill 5 mental
II 判断正误 FTTTF
1. Lang Ping is loved only be fans at her country.
2. Lang Ping was once a successful player because she brought honour and glory to her country.
3. The volleyball team led by Lang Ping won the Olympic gold in Brazil in 2016.
4. Michael Jordan was known as “Air Jordan”.
5. Michael Jordan couldn’t accept failure.
III 表格填空
Name
Achievements
Lang Ping
As a player, she brought 1. ______ and 2. ______ to her country.
As a person, she is loved by fans at 3. ______.
As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to 4. ______ at world championships and the Olympics. When preparing for the 2015 World Cup, facing the team was 5. ______, she didn’t 6. ______ and believed that her young players could win. In 2016, the volleyball team led by Lang Ping won the tOlympic gold in Brazil.
Michael Jordan
Known as “Air Jordan”, he changed basketball with his 7. ______ moves and jumps. The mental 8. ______ he showed made him unique. He could accept failure, but couldn’t accept not trying, so losing games taught him to practice harder and never 9. ______.
In life, he has learnt to share his success 10. ______ others and started the Boys and Girls Club to help young people in 1996.
1 honor 2 glory 3 home and abroad 4 medals 5 falling apart 6 lose heart 7 graceful 8 strength 9 give up 10 with
IV 根据课文内容选择正确答案BDAC
1. What is Lang Ping’s achievement as a coach?
A. Bringing honor and glory to her country.
B. Leading the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics.
C. Not giving up.
D. Building a volleyball team.
2. Why did the team captain have to leave?
A. Because she got injured.
B. Because she got tired of playing volleyball.
C. Because she didn’t earn enough money.
D. Because she suffered from heart disease.
3. According to the passage, which of the following words can be used to describe Lang Ping?
A. Determined and positive.
B. Humorous and hopeful.
C. Generous and hard-working.
D. Devoted and helpful.
4. What made Michael Jordan unique?
A. His height. B. His skills. C. His mental strength. D. His generosity
After Reading
I语法填空
Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are both living (1) ______ (legend). As a player, Lang Ping brought not only honor (2) ______ also glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team (3) ______ medals at world (4) ______ (champion) and the Olympics. As a person, she (5) ______ (love) by her fans at home and abroad. She is a (6) ______ (determination) person. (7) ______ she met the big challenge of losing two important players while (8) ______ (prepare) for the 2015 World Cup, she didn’t lose heart.
Michael Jordan is a player (9) ______ became known as “Air Jordan”. His skills were impressive, but the mental (10) ______ (strong) that he showed made him unique. In his opinion, the secret (11) ______ his success is learning from his (12) ______ (fail). In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others.
1 legends 2 but 3 to 4 championships 5 is loved 6 determined 7 Although 8 preparing 9 who 10 strength 11 to 12 failures
II Read the text and decide what is stated in the text(S), what can be inferred(I), and what you know to be true from experience(E). ISIEII
1. Lang Ping won several championships before she became a coach.
2. Lang Ping believed that her young players could win.
3. Many people in China and the US love Coach Lang.
4. Michael Jordan is loved by basketball fans around the world.
5. Before people saw Michael Jordan play, they did not know that basketball could be played that way.
6. Michael Jordan believes that it is important to help others.
三、语法
（一）语调
（二）反义疑问句
语法点拨
附加疑问句，又叫反义疑问句，它表示提问人对自己的看法没有把握，需要对方证实。
1、附加疑问句的组成
附加疑问句由两部分组成：
前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分（主语一般用人称代词主格）是一个简短的疑问句。两部分的人称和时态应该保持一致。
（1）肯定式陈述部分+否定式疑问部分
She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?
她昨天病了，不是吗？
如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀un-, in-, im-, dis-, 或后缀-less，该陈述部分当作肯定句处理，附加部分一般仍用否定形式。
Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he?
汤姆不喜欢那本书，不是吗？
（2）否定式陈述部分+肯定式疑问部分
He can’t ride a bike, can he?
他不会骑自行车，是吗？
陈述部分有no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定或半否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式。
He can hardly write his name, can he?
他几乎不会写他的名字，是吗？
练习：
完成下列附加疑问句：
1) There’s hardly any milk in the bottle, __________?
2) He has never ridden a horse before, __________?
3) He seldom came here, _________?
4) He disagrees with his parents, __________?
5) These tools are useless now, __________?
6) You’ve never visited the Great Wall, _________?
2、附加疑问句的回答
（1）当陈述句部分是肯定结构，附加疑问句部分用否定式提问时，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes；事实是否定的，就要用no。
— He likes playing football, doesn’t he?
—Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t.
他喜欢足球，不是吗？
是的，他喜欢。/不是，他不喜欢。
（2）陈述句部分是否定结构，附加疑问句部分用肯定式体温时，回答是yes或no与汉语的意思正好相反，yes翻译成“不”，no翻译成“是”。（即：用yes还是no，根据事实是肯定的还是否定的）
—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?
—Yes, she did./ No, she didn’t.
注意，不存在Yes, she didn’t. 或No, she did这样的混合用法。
根据句意补全句子。
1) —You’ve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you?
—__________. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.
2) —They don’t work hard, do they?
—_________. They are the most hardworking students in our class.
3. 主语的选择
陈述部分主语和附加疑问句主语在人称和数量上保持一致的几种情况。
陈述部分主语
附加问句主语
例句
one（泛指人）
one/ he/you
One can’t be too careful, can one/he/you?
this, that，非谓语形式
it
That isn’t correct, isn’t it?
Seeing is believing, isn’t it?
these, those
they
These are your friends, aren’t they?
everything, anything, something, nothing
it
Nothing happened to him, did it?
Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it?
everyone/everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody
he/ they
There’s no help for it, is there?
主语由neither…nor…或both… and…连接
复数
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?
Both you and he are doctors, aren’t you?
练习
1) There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ___________?
2) No one failed in the last examination, ___________?
3) Everything is ready, ___________?
4) Everyone knows the answer, ___________?
5) Somebody phoned you while I was out, ___________?
6) Something has been done to stop pollution, ___________?
7) This is very important for students, ___________?
8) Those are your books, ___________?
9) Collecting stamps is his hobby, ___________?
10) To become a great writer is his dream ___________?
11) Neither you nor he is good at maths, ___________?
4、谓语的选择
（1）陈述部分谓语为have
①表示“拥有”，附加问句谓语用have或do均可。
They have a house in town, haven’t they/don’t they?
他们在城里有房子，不是吗？
② 不表示“拥有”，用do。
We have to get there at eight, don’t we?
我们必须八点到那里，对吗？
③ 构成完成时，用have。
He has had his hair cut, hasn’t he?
他理发了，是吗？
（2）陈述部分谓语为used to,附加问句谓语用usedn’t 或didn’t。
The old man used to smoke, didn’t/ usedn’t he?
那个老人以前抽烟，不是吗？
（3）陈述部分谓语为must。
①表示“必须”，附加问句谓语用mustn’t或needn’t。
I must answer the call, mustn’t/ needn’t I？
我必须接电话，不是吗？
表示“推测”，陈述部分谓语为must be/do，附加问句谓语用be/do的一般现在时；陈述部分谓语为must have done,有确定的表示过去的时间状语，附加问句谓语用didn’t；没有确定的表示过去的时间状语，附加问句谓语用haven’t/hasn’t。
He must be a doctor, isn’t he?
他一定是一个医生，不是吗？
He must go to the library, doesn’t he?
他一定去图书馆了，不是吗？
He must have finished it yesterday, didn’t he?
他昨天一定完成了，不是吗？
You must have studied English for three years, haven’t you?
你一定学了三年英语，不是吗？
（4）陈述部分谓语为can’t, 表示“不可能”，附加问句谓语同must表示推测的用法。
He can’t be a lawyer, is he?
他不可能是律师，是吗？
He can’t have done the work yesterday, did he?
他昨天不可能完成这项工作，是吗？
He can’t have done the homework, has he?
他不可能做作业，是吗？
（5）陈述部分谓语为dare/need。
①作情态助动词，附加问句谓语分别用dare和need。
We need not do it again, need we?
我们不需要再做了，是吗？
He dare not say so, dare he?
他不敢这么说，是吗？
②作使役动词，附加问句谓语用do的形式。
She doesn’t dare to go home alone, does she?
她不敢一个人回家，是吗？
③陈述部分谓语为wish，附加问句谓语为may。
I wish to go home, may I?
我想回家，可以吗？
（6）陈述部分谓语为wish，附加问句谓语为may。
I wish to go home, may I?
我想回家，可以吗？
（7）陈述部分谓语为am，附加问句谓语为aren’t。
I’m fond of music, aren’t I?
我喜欢音乐，不是吗？
练习：
1. You must work hard next term, ______?
2. You must have made a mistake, ______?
3. They must have seen the film last week, ______?
4. He must be in the library, ______?
5. We need not go to school, ______?
6. He doesn’t dare to face the challenge, ______?
7. They have no time to visit the museum, ______?
8. You dare not do that, ______?
9. He used to get up at 6:30, ______?
10. They need our help badly at the moment, ______?
11. I wish to visit America one day, ______?
12. I am very interested in Mark Twain’s novels, ______?
13. You must be hungry, ______?
14. Her daughter had the carpets and curtains cleaned, ______?
15. The teacher had a talk with you, ______?
16. He can’t have cleaned the room, ______?
17. He can’t have cleaned the room last night, ______?
5、特殊句式的附加疑问句
（1）并列句的附加疑问句的谓语遵循就近原则。
We must study hard or we can’t pass the exam, can we?
我们必须努力学习，否则我们不能通过考试，对吗？
（2）宾语从句
① 主句主语是第一人称，且含有think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine等，疑问部分的主语和动词形式和从句一致。
We believe that she can do it better, can’t she?
我们相信她能做到更好，不是吗？
I don’t think he is bright, isn’t he?
我觉得他不聪明，是吗？（否定前移，疑问部分用肯定）
② 主句主语是第二、三人称，疑问部分的主语和动词形式跟主句一致。
He said that he would like to visit the Great Wall, didn’t he?
他说他向参观长城，不是吗？
（3）祈使句
① 肯定祈使句，附加疑问句通常用will/ won’t you，否定祈使句，用Will you。，
Take a rest, will/ won’t you?
休息一下，好吗？
Don’t open the door, will you?
别开门，好吗？
② Let’s引导的祈使句，附加疑问句用shall we。
Let’s go to the park, shall we?
我们去公园，好吗？
③ Let us引导的祈使句，附加疑问句用will you。
Let us have a look, will you?
让我们看看，好吗？
④ Let me引导的祈使句，附加疑问句用will you或may I。
Let me have a rest, may I/will you?
让我休息一下，好吗？
（4）感叹句附加疑问句的谓语用be动词的一般现在时的否定式。
What a lucky day, isn’t it?
多幸运的一天啊，不是吗？
练习：
1. She says that I did it, ______?
2. I guess she taught herself Japanese, ______?
3. It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that, ______?
4. Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, and he has finished them by now, ______?
5. Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, ______?
6. Let us go out for a rest, ______?
7. Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water, ______?
8. Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, ______?
9. What beautiful flowers, ______?
专项练习
I 完成下列附加疑问句。
1. You’d better watch TV this evening, ______?
2. I suppose you’re not going today, ______?
3. I wish to shake hands with you, ______?
4. Three hours ought to be enough time, ______?
5. They have to study a lot, ______?
6. When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, ______?
7. I’m sure dirty, ______?
8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I don’t think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, ______?
9. That’s the sort of the book you want, ______?
10. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______?
11. The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, ______?
12. Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should finish them now, ______?
13. Nobody was absent from the meeting, ______?
14. There appeared to be no better way, ______?
15. Everything seems all right, ______?
II 完成句子。
1. I’m as tall as your sister, aren’t?
______________________（是的，你和她一样高。）
2. Tom made no answer, did he?
______________________（是的，他没回答。）
3. He ought to know what to do, oughtn’t he?
______________________（是的，他应该知道。）
4. Everything is ready, isn’t it?
______________________（不，还没准备好。）
5. The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing, weren’t they?
______________________（是的，是在北京）
6. Michael Jordan started to play basketball in college, didn’t he?
______________________（不，他不是。）He first played in a team in senior high school.
7. David has been to a boxing match, hasn’t he?
______________________（不，他没去过。）He always watches boxing on TV.
8. You can’t cook, can you?
______________________（不，我会。）I’m good at cooking.
III 结合附加疑问句的用法补全对话。
Dave: There is something wrong, ______?
Mike: ______. My car is having some problems.
Dave: You want me to take a look, ______?
Mike: ______, thank you. I think I can handle it.
Dave: Well, if you change your mind, let me know, ______?
Mike: ______, I will. Thanks. I might need some tools, though. You know where I can get some, ______?
Dave: Sure. I have all kinds of tools. Just ask. I’ll be happy to get them for you.
Mike: Thanks. That would be very helpful.
四、写作：健康生活分享
写作储备
阅读教材P.42健康报告，提炼健康报告的写作特点。
I. 黄金写作模板
II. 写作语言特点
使用恰当的描绘性语言，准确地表达出自己或他人在过去及现在的健康状况。
III. 写作常用词汇
slim adj. 苗条的，单薄的
weight n. 体重
diet n. 饮食
challenge v. 挑战
refreshed adj. 恢复精神的
energetic adj.充满活力的
worry about担心
keep fit保持健康
catch a cold now and then时常感冒
IV. 写作常用句型
1. I add healthy food to my meals.
我把健康食品加到我的饮食中。
2. I made a list of the things I liked about myself.
我对自己喜欢的东西列了一个清单。
3. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.
对自己和自己的身体有了积极肯定的态度后，我变得更幸福、更健康了。
4. I read an article that said performing tai chi would make a difference.
我读过一篇文章，上面写道打太极拳会有作用。
5. I make it a rule to get up early.
早起成了我的一项有规律的活动。
6. My body is building up by working out every day.
通过天天锻炼，我的身体正在慢慢强壮起来。
典例剖析
请根据上面关于健康报告书的框架结构，写一篇短文。
过去
1. 幼年时期，身体虚弱，经常感冒。
2. 不能够正常上学。
转折点
读到一篇关于早晨慢跑的文章
现在
1. 养成早起和慢跑的习惯。
2. 感到精神焕发，精力充沛。
3. 身体逐步恢复；日常生活从中受益。
注意：词数80左右。
审题谋篇
1、定框架—— 好的开始，成功的一半
体裁
健康报告书
人称
第一人称
时态
一般过去时和一般现在时
框架
第一段：描述过去状况；
第二段：现在状态；
第三段：总结。
2、定要点、关键词及动词时态——打造一篇要点全面、用词准确得体、时态多样的极优作文
要点一：幼年时期，我身体虚弱。(weak)
When I was a little child, I was weak.
要点二：我经常感冒。 (catch a cold)
I caught a cold now and then.
要点三：正常上学很困难。(动名词短语作主语；difficult)
Going to school regularly was difficult.
要点四：我读到一篇文章。(article)
I read an article.
要点五：这篇文章上说早晨慢跑有效果。 (jog; make a difference)
The article said jogging in the morning would make a real difference.
要点六：我起得很早；慢跑半个小时。(get up)
I get up early and jog for about half an hour.
要点七：我感到精神焕发，精力充沛。 (refresh; energetic)
I feel refreshed and energetic.
要点八：通过每天锻炼，我的身体正在逐步恢复。(build up; work out)
My body is building up by working out every day.
要点九：它对我的日常生活有极大的益处。 (benefit)
It benefits my daily life greatly.
3、词汇、句式升级——创造极优作文的倩词靓句
升级句式一：用so … that…合并要点一和要点二。
When I was a little child, I was so weak that I caught a cold now and then.
升级句式二：用定语从句连接要点四和要点五。
I read an article, which said jogging in the morning would make a real difference.
升级句式三：用make it a rule to改写要点六。
I make it a rule to get up early and jog for about half an hour.
升级句式四：用定语从句连接要点八和要点九。
My body is building up by working out every day, which benefits my daily life greatly.
4、组建极优作文——水到渠成的成就感：动力的源泉
When I was a little child, I was so weak that I caught a cold now and then. As a result, going to school regularly was a big challenge to us.
Then I read an article, which said jogging in the morning would make a real difference. So I follow the advice and put it into practice every day. Now, I make it a rule to get up early and jog for about half an hour. After that, I feel refreshed and energetic.
At present, my body is building up by working out every day, which benefits my daily life greatly.
即学即练
你校学生会做了一个关于中学生睡眠、饮食和休闲等方面的调查，发现学生有许多不良的生活习惯。请根据以上信息写一篇80词左右的英语短文。要求如下：
1. 简述一些坏习惯可能产生的不良影响。
2. 呼吁广大中学生裴燕更健康的睡眠、饮食和休闲习惯。
主语：文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Let’s develop a healthy lifestyle
According to a survey among middle school students, many students have the following bad habits: staying up late, going to school without breakfast and often eating instant noodles; spending much time chatting on QQ or playing computer games.
As we know, if we often stay up later, we will feel tired and sleepy during the daytime and cannot concentrate in class. Going to school without breakfast or eating instant noodles will cause a lack of nutrition. Spending too much time on QQ or computer games will do harm to our eyes.
In terms of study and health, we should develop a healthy lifestyle. First, go to bed earlier instead of staying up late. Second, keep a balanced diet to build up our bodies. Third, don’t spend too much time on the Internet. Actually, there are varieties of activities for us to relax ourselves, such as doing sports or listening to music.
Yours,
Li Hua
人教版高中英语（2019）必修第一册
Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
一、词汇
1、识记
fitness, soccer, stadium, boxing, badminton, marathon, event, ski, host, track, gym, gymnastics, sweat, legend, athlete, master, honour, glory, medal, championship, determination, apart, injure, captain, lose heart, graceful, strength, failure, cheat, million, audience, positive, slim, diet, rather than, now and then. jog, stress, error, *infer, *function, *appropriate
2、词形变化
fitness n. à v. &adj. fit
athlete n. àadj. athletic
glory n. à adj. glorious
adv. gloriously
determination n. à v. determine
adj. determined
strength n. à adj. strong
vt. strengthen
failure n. à v. fail
injure v. à adj. injured
n. injury
compete v. à n. competitor
n. competition
adj. competitive
adv. competitively
positive adj. à adv. positively
compare v. à n. comparison
stress v. & n. à adj. stressful
adv. stressfully
*function n. à adj. functional
adv. functionally
appropriate adj. à adv. appropriately
3、应用
1. come短语及相关练习
come about 发生
come across sb/sth偶遇
come back 回来,再度流行;恢复;复原
come down 塌陷,崩溃,(物价气温等)下降;
come in (潮水)涨,当令,上市,开始流行,当权
come into 进入;加入
come into being 开始存在
come into force 开始实行;开始生效(=come into effect)
come into power 上台,掌握政权
come into use 开始使用
come off 发生;(informal)举行;(计划企图等)成功;脱落
come on 跟随;进步;发展;(雨季,夜,病等)来到;(演员)登场;问题被提出来;语气词;加油(=JiaYou);(表示某人说话不正确)得了吧;(常用进行时)(疾病或某种心情)开始;(电视节目等)开始;开始运转,运行
come out (太阳等)出现;(真相)大白;(消息)传出;出版,发表
come over 从远处来;改变立场意见
come to prep. 苏醒;归结为;总计;涉及到;终于
come to an end 结束
come to life 苏醒
come up (种子等)长出地面;被提出;出现;即将发生;走近;长出;流行;呕吐出来
come up to prep. 达到;等于;不辜负;走近
come up with 发现(解决办法答案)
(05江西,28)Please tell me how the accident ______. I’m still in the dark.
A. came by B. came up
C. came to D. came about
(06湖北,25)It's already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it ______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over B. came out
C. came about D. came up
2. work词性、词义、短语及相应用法
v. 工作，劳动，干活
work at/on 从事于
I’ve been working at my homework all day.
我整天都在做作业。
He is working on a new novel.
他正在写一本新小说。
work for sb./sth. 为……工作，受雇于，努力获得
She works for an engineering company.
她在一家工程公司工作。
She dedicated her life to work for peace.
她为争取和平奉献了自己的一生。
work as sth. 从事……的工作
My son is working as a science teacher.
我的儿子是个理科教师。
v. 运转，运行
The phone isn’t working.
这部电话坏了。
It works by electricity.
这是电动的。
work on sb./sth.奏效，产生预期的结果（或作用）
The pills the doctor gave me aren’t working.
医生给我的药片不管事。
His charm doesn’t work on me.
我不为他的魅力所动。
v.产生作用
I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but it didn’t work.
我曾努力地想说服他戒烟，但没有作用。
work out
1)锻炼身体，做运动
I worked out regularly to keep fit.
我经常作运动以保持健康。
2)成功地发展
Things have worked out quite well for us.
事情的结果对我们很不错。
3)计算出
Work out the answer,
计算出结果
4)解决，处理，找到……的答案
Work out a problem
解决问题
I can’t work out where the music was coming from.
我弄不清音乐时从哪里传出来的。
5）计划
I have worked out a new way of doing it.
我想出了做这事的一个行方式。
Un.工作，职业
They had been out of work for a year.
他们已经失业一年了。
It is difficult to find work nowadays.
如今很难找到工作。
Cn.著作，作品
Lu Xun’s works
鲁迅的作品
拓展：
workable adj. （系统、想法等）可行的，行得通的
workaday adj. 普通的，平凡的，平淡无奇的
This is a far cry from her normal workaday world.
这与她通常的平淡无奇的生活大不相同。
workaholic adj.工作狂，工作迷，醉心于工作的人
workbench n.工作台
workbook n. 练习册，作业本
workday n. 8小时工作日，平日的交通
workforce n. 全体员工，劳动力，劳动人口
workhorse n. 埋头苦干的人
workhouse n. （英国旧时的）救济所
workload n. （某一人或组织的）工作量，工作负担
workout n. 锻炼
workplace n. 工作场所
workshop n. 车间，工场，研讨班，讲习班
3. give短语
give away 赠送；颁布；暴露；泄露；放弃；分配，分发；出卖（朋友）；塌下；（在婚礼上）将新娘交给新郎；丧失（优势）
give back 归还，送回；恢复；后退；反射；报复
give in 交上；提出；屈服，妥协；投降，让步；勉强同意
give in to prep. 屈服于
give off 放出，排出；发出（气味、光、热等）
give out 用完；疲惫；分发；发表；公布，宣布；放出（光、热等）；停止运转；别再……了，到此为止吧。
give over 移交；停止；放弃；住手
give sth. up 放弃，抛弃，中止，停止，把（本该做其他事的时间）耗费于
1.(07福建,33)The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ___ on the radio yesterday.
A. turned out B. found out
C. given out D. carried out
2.(08江西,29) If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ___ during the day.
A. away B. up C. in D. back
4. compete
v. 竞争，对抗
compete with/against sb. for sth.
Several companies are competing for the contract.
未得到那项合同，几家公司正在竞争。
We can’t compete with them on price.
我们在价格上无法与它们竞争。
Young children will usually compete for their mother’s attention.
小孩子通常都会在母亲面前争宠。
拓展：
competition [kXmpE5tIFn] n.竞争，角逐；比赛，竞赛
competition between/ with sb. for sth.
There ia now intense competition between schools to attract students.
现在学校之间为了招揽生源展开了激烈竞争。
competitive [kEm5petItIv] adj. 竞争的，有竞争力的
Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.
毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取找到工作。
We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.
我们必须更加努力工作以保持对其他公司具有竞争力。
competitively [kEm5petItIvl] adv.
competitor [kEm5petItE] Cn. （尤指商业方面的）竞争者，对手；参赛者，竞赛者
5. pretend [prI5tend]
v. 假装，佯装
I’m tired of having to pretend all the time.
我讨厌老得装假。
adj.（多用于名词前）假装的，想象的
pretend cakes/toys
假糕点，假玩具
短语：
pretend to sb. that 从句
He pretended to his family that everything is fine.
他对家人佯称一切都好。
pretend to do sth.
He pretended not to notice.
他假装没注意。
pretend to sth. （通常用于否定句和疑问句）自称，自认为
I can’t pretend to any great musical talent.
我不能妄称自己多有音乐天赋。
拓展
pretender [prI5tendE] n. （头衔的）冒充者，觊觎者
pretence/pretense [prI5tens] n. 假装，伪装，虚伪的表现
pretense of (doing) sth.
pretense that …
Their friendliness was only pretence.
他们的友善态度只不过是装出来的。
By the end of the evening she had abandoned all pretence of being interest.
到晚会结束时，她已将假装的兴趣跑得一干二净。
She was unable to keep up the pretence that she loved him.
她无法继续假装爱他了。
pretence to (doing) sth. 妄称，自称，标榜
I make no pretence to being an expert on the subject.
我不敢自诩为这方面的专家。
A woman with some pretence to beauty
自诩有几分姿色的女人
6. cut短语
cut across sth 取捷径穿过(田地等)(=cut through);与…相反;穿越;影响到;超出界限;适用于(分离的不同群体)
cut at sb/sth (用刀剑或鞭子)对准…猛击
_cut sth away (from) 割掉,砍去
cut sth back 剪短;减少,减低;修剪
cut sth/sb down 砍倒;砍杀,杀死(某人);病死,病倒;减少(数量);减短;使丧失
cut down on 减少对…之消耗量
cut in/into 打断(谈话等);(=cut in on sb)插嘴
cut sb in (on sth) 让某人分享利润
cut into sth 切开(某物);妨碍
cut sb/sth off(from) 切去;使孤立;删掉;剥夺(继承权);断绝;中断(电话通话);中断(供给);堵塞,阻碍;切断去路,使与外界隔绝
cut sth out 剪下,切去;剪裁(衣服);(口)删去;(马达)熄火;住口;阻挡(尤指光线)
cut sb out 击败(对手)
cut through 开辟(出路)
cut sb/sth up 切碎;摧毁,粉碎;歼灭;严厉批评;(常用于被动)使伤心;(严重的)割伤,打伤
(05湖南,26)I was just talking to Margret when Jackson ___.
A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up
7. compare [kEm5peE]
v. 比较，对比；与……类似（相似）
compare A and B compare A with/. to B
It is interesting to compare their situation and ours.
把他们的状况与我们的相比很有意思。
This house doesn’t compare with our previous one.
这房子比不上我们以前的。
拓展
comparison [kEm5pArIsEn] n.比较，对比，相比
comparative [kEm5pArEtItIv] adj. 比较的，相比的
comparatively [kEm5pArEtIvlI] adv. 比较上，相对地
comparable [kEm5pErEbl] adj. 类似的，可比较地
8. *fill A with B (A be filled with B)
A be full of B
9. *provide [rE5vaId]
v. 提供，供应，给予
provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb.
We are here to provide a service for the public.
We are here to provide the public with a service.
我们来这里是为公众服务的。
拓展
provider [prE5vaIdE] n. 供应者，提供者，供养人
provided / providing conj. (provided/ providing (that) …如果，假如，在……条件下
二、阅读
Before Reading
world championship世界锦标赛
at home and abroad国内外
work together as at team齐心协力
stand still 站着不动，停滞不前
mental strength 精神力量
accept failure 接受失败
While Reading
I 课文解构
1 player 2 coach 3 person 4 skill 5 mental
II 判断正误 FTTTF
1. Lang Ping is loved only be fans at her country.
2. Lang Ping was once a successful player because she brought honour and glory to her country.
3. The volleyball team led by Lang Ping won the Olympic gold in Brazil in 2016.
4. Michael Jordan was known as “Air Jordan”.
5. Michael Jordan couldn’t accept failure.
III 表格填空
Name
Achievements
Lang Ping
As a player, she brought 1. ______ and 2. ______ to her country.
As a person, she is loved by fans at 3. ______.
As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to 4. ______ at world championships and the Olympics. When preparing for the 2015 World Cup, facing the team was 5. ______, she didn’t 6. ______ and believed that her young players could win. In 2016, the volleyball team led by Lang Ping won the tOlympic gold in Brazil.
Michael Jordan
Known as “Air Jordan”, he changed basketball with his 7. ______ moves and jumps. The mental 8. ______ he showed made him unique. He could accept failure, but couldn’t accept not trying, so losing games taught him to practice harder and never 9. ______.
In life, he has learnt to share his success 10. ______ others and started the Boys and Girls Club to help young people in 1996.
1 honor 2 glory 3 home and abroad 4 medals 5 falling apart 6 lose heart 7 graceful 8 strength 9 give up 10 with
IV 根据课文内容选择正确答案BDAC
1. What is Lang Ping’s achievement as a coach?
A. Bringing honor and glory to her country.
B. Leading the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics.
C. Not giving up.
D. Building a volleyball team.
2. Why did the team captain have to leave?
A. Because she got injured.
B. Because she got tired of playing volleyball.
C. Because she didn’t earn enough money.
D. Because she suffered from heart disease.
3. According to the passage, which of the following words can be used to describe Lang Ping?
A. Determined and positive.
B. Humorous and hopeful.
C. Generous and hard-working.
D. Devoted and helpful.
4. What made Michael Jordan unique?
A. His height. B. His skills. C. His mental strength. D. His generosity
After Reading
I语法填空
Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are both living (1) ______ (legend). As a player, Lang Ping brought not only honor (2) ______ also glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team (3) ______ medals at world (4) ______ (champion) and the Olympics. As a person, she (5) ______ (love) by her fans at home and abroad. She is a (6) ______ (determination) person. (7) ______ she met the big challenge of losing two important players while (8) ______ (prepare) for the 2015 World Cup, she didn’t lose heart.
Michael Jordan is a player (9) ______ became known as “Air Jordan”. His skills were impressive, but the mental (10) ______ (strong) that he showed made him unique. In his opinion, the secret (11) ______ his success is learning from his (12) ______ (fail). In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others.
1 legends 2 but 3 to 4 championships 5 is loved 6 determined 7 Although 8 preparing 9 who 10 strength 11 to 12 failures
II Read the text and decide what is stated in the text(S), what can be inferred(I), and what you know to be true from experience(E). ISIEII
1. Lang Ping won several championships before she became a coach.
2. Lang Ping believed that her young players could win.
3. Many people in China and the US love Coach Lang.
4. Michael Jordan is loved by basketball fans around the world.
5. Before people saw Michael Jordan play, they did not know that basketball could be played that way.
6. Michael Jordan believes that it is important to help others.
三、语法
（一）语调
（二）反义疑问句
语法点拨
附加疑问句，又叫反义疑问句，它表示提问人对自己的看法没有把握，需要对方证实。
1、附加疑问句的组成
附加疑问句由两部分组成：
前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分（主语一般用人称代词主格）是一个简短的疑问句。两部分的人称和时态应该保持一致。
（1）肯定式陈述部分+否定式疑问部分
She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?
她昨天病了，不是吗？
如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀un-, in-, im-, dis-, 或后缀-less，该陈述部分当作肯定句处理，附加部分一般仍用否定形式。
Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he?
汤姆不喜欢那本书，不是吗？
（2）否定式陈述部分+肯定式疑问部分
He can’t ride a bike, can he?
他不会骑自行车，是吗？
陈述部分有no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定或半否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式。
He can hardly write his name, can he?
他几乎不会写他的名字，是吗？
练习：
完成下列附加疑问句：
1) There’s hardly any milk in the bottle, __________?
2) He has never ridden a horse before, __________?
3) He seldom came here, _________?
4) He disagrees with his parents, __________?
5) These tools are useless now, __________?
6) You’ve never visited the Great Wall, _________?
2、附加疑问句的回答
（1）当陈述句部分是肯定结构，附加疑问句部分用否定式提问时，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes；事实是否定的，就要用no。
— He likes playing football, doesn’t he?
—Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t.
他喜欢足球，不是吗？
是的，他喜欢。/不是，他不喜欢。
（2）陈述句部分是否定结构，附加疑问句部分用肯定式体温时，回答是yes或no与汉语的意思正好相反，yes翻译成“不”，no翻译成“是”。（即：用yes还是no，根据事实是肯定的还是否定的）
—His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?
—Yes, she did./ No, she didn’t.
注意，不存在Yes, she didn’t. 或No, she did这样的混合用法。
根据句意补全句子。
1) —You’ve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you?
—__________. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.
2) —They don’t work hard, do they?
—_________. They are the most hardworking students in our class.
3. 主语的选择
陈述部分主语和附加疑问句主语在人称和数量上保持一致的几种情况。
陈述部分主语
附加问句主语
例句
one（泛指人）
one/ he/you
One can’t be too careful, can one/he/you?
this, that，非谓语形式
it
That isn’t correct, isn’t it?
Seeing is believing, isn’t it?
these, those
they
These are your friends, aren’t they?
everything, anything, something, nothing
it
Nothing happened to him, did it?
Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it?
everyone/everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody
he/ they
There’s no help for it, is there?
主语由neither…nor…或both… and…连接
复数
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?
Both you and he are doctors, aren’t you?
练习
1) There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ___________?
2) No one failed in the last examination, ___________?
3) Everything is ready, ___________?
4) Everyone knows the answer, ___________?
5) Somebody phoned you while I was out, ___________?
6) Something has been done to stop pollution, ___________?
7) This is very important for students, ___________?
8) Those are your books, ___________?
9) Collecting stamps is his hobby, ___________?
10) To become a great writer is his dream ___________?
11) Neither you nor he is good at maths, ___________?
4、谓语的选择
（1）陈述部分谓语为have
①表示“拥有”，附加问句谓语用have或do均可。
They have a house in town, haven’t they/don’t they?
他们在城里有房子，不是吗？
② 不表示“拥有”，用do。
We have to get there at eight, don’t we?
我们必须八点到那里，对吗？
③ 构成完成时，用have。
He has had his hair cut, hasn’t he?
他理发了，是吗？
（2）陈述部分谓语为used to,附加问句谓语用usedn’t 或didn’t。
The old man used to smoke, didn’t/ usedn’t he?
那个老人以前抽烟，不是吗？
（3）陈述部分谓语为must。
①表示“必须”，附加问句谓语用mustn’t或needn’t。
I must answer the call, mustn’t/ needn’t I？
我必须接电话，不是吗？
表示“推测”，陈述部分谓语为must be/do，附加问句谓语用be/do的一般现在时；陈述部分谓语为must have done,有确定的表示过去的时间状语，附加问句谓语用didn’t；没有确定的表示过去的时间状语，附加问句谓语用haven’t/hasn’t。
He must be a doctor, isn’t he?
他一定是一个医生，不是吗？
He must go to the library, doesn’t he?
他一定去图书馆了，不是吗？
He must have finished it yesterday, didn’t he?
他昨天一定完成了，不是吗？
You must have studied English for three years, haven’t you?
你一定学了三年英语，不是吗？
（4）陈述部分谓语为can’t, 表示“不可能”，附加问句谓语同must表示推测的用法。
He can’t be a lawyer, is he?
他不可能是律师，是吗？
He can’t have done the work yesterday, did he?
他昨天不可能完成这项工作，是吗？
He can’t have done the homework, has he?
他不可能做作业，是吗？
（5）陈述部分谓语为dare/need。
①作情态助动词，附加问句谓语分别用dare和need。
We need not do it again, need we?
我们不需要再做了，是吗？
He dare not say so, dare he?
他不敢这么说，是吗？
②作使役动词，附加问句谓语用do的形式。
She doesn’t dare to go home alone, does she?
她不敢一个人回家，是吗？
③陈述部分谓语为wish，附加问句谓语为may。
I wish to go home, may I?
我想回家，可以吗？
（6）陈述部分谓语为wish，附加问句谓语为may。
I wish to go home, may I?
我想回家，可以吗？
（7）陈述部分谓语为am，附加问句谓语为aren’t。
I’m fond of music, aren’t I?
我喜欢音乐，不是吗？
练习：
1. You must work hard next term, ______?
2. You must have made a mistake, ______?
3. They must have seen the film last week, ______?
4. He must be in the library, ______?
5. We need not go to school, ______?
6. He doesn’t dare to face the challenge, ______?
7. They have no time to visit the museum, ______?
8. You dare not do that, ______?
9. He used to get up at 6:30, ______?
10. They need our help badly at the moment, ______?
11. I wish to visit America one day, ______?
12. I am very interested in Mark Twain’s novels, ______?
13. You must be hungry, ______?
14. Her daughter had the carpets and curtains cleaned, ______?
15. The teacher had a talk with you, ______?
16. He can’t have cleaned the room, ______?
17. He can’t have cleaned the room last night, ______?
5、特殊句式的附加疑问句
（1）并列句的附加疑问句的谓语遵循就近原则。
We must study hard or we can’t pass the exam, can we?
我们必须努力学习，否则我们不能通过考试，对吗？
（2）宾语从句
① 主句主语是第一人称，且含有think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine等，疑问部分的主语和动词形式和从句一致。
We believe that she can do it better, can’t she?
我们相信她能做到更好，不是吗？
I don’t think he is bright, isn’t he?
我觉得他不聪明，是吗？（否定前移，疑问部分用肯定）
② 主句主语是第二、三人称，疑问部分的主语和动词形式跟主句一致。
He said that he would like to visit the Great Wall, didn’t he?
他说他向参观长城，不是吗？
（3）祈使句
① 肯定祈使句，附加疑问句通常用will/ won’t you，否定祈使句，用Will you。，
Take a rest, will/ won’t you?
休息一下，好吗？
Don’t open the door, will you?
别开门，好吗？
② Let’s引导的祈使句，附加疑问句用shall we。
Let’s go to the park, shall we?
我们去公园，好吗？
③ Let us引导的祈使句，附加疑问句用will you。
Let us have a look, will you?
让我们看看，好吗？
④ Let me引导的祈使句，附加疑问句用will you或may I。
Let me have a rest, may I/will you?
让我休息一下，好吗？
（4）感叹句附加疑问句的谓语用be动词的一般现在时的否定式。
What a lucky day, isn’t it?
多幸运的一天啊，不是吗？
练习：
1. She says that I did it, ______?
2. I guess she taught herself Japanese, ______?
3. It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that, ______?
4. Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, and he has finished them by now, ______?
5. Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, ______?
6. Let us go out for a rest, ______?
7. Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water, ______?
8. Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, ______?
9. What beautiful flowers, ______?
专项练习
I 完成下列附加疑问句。
1. You’d better watch TV this evening, ______?
2. I suppose you’re not going today, ______?
3. I wish to shake hands with you, ______?
4. Three hours ought to be enough time, ______?
5. They have to study a lot, ______?
6. When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, ______?
7. I’m sure dirty, ______?
8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I don’t think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, ______?
9. That’s the sort of the book you want, ______?
10. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______?
11. The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, ______?
12. Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should finish them now, ______?
13. Nobody was absent from the meeting, ______?
14. There appeared to be no better way, ______?
15. Everything seems all right, ______?
II 完成句子。
1. I’m as tall as your sister, aren’t?
______________________（是的，你和她一样高。）
2. Tom made no answer, did he?
______________________（是的，他没回答。）
3. He ought to know what to do, oughtn’t he?
______________________（是的，他应该知道。）
4. Everything is ready, isn’t it?
______________________（不，还没准备好。）
5. The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing, weren’t they?
______________________（是的，是在北京）
6. Michael Jordan started to play basketball in college, didn’t he?
______________________（不，他不是。）He first played in a team in senior high school.
7. David has been to a boxing match, hasn’t he?
______________________（不，他没去过。）He always watches boxing on TV.
8. You can’t cook, can you?
______________________（不，我会。）I’m good at cooking.
III 结合附加疑问句的用法补全对话。
Dave: There is something wrong, ______?
Mike: ______. My car is having some problems.
Dave: You want me to take a look, ______?
Mike: ______, thank you. I think I can handle it.
Dave: Well, if you change your mind, let me know, ______?
Mike: ______, I will. Thanks. I might need some tools, though. You know where I can get some, ______?
Dave: Sure. I have all kinds of tools. Just ask. I’ll be happy to get them for you.
Mike: Thanks. That would be very helpful.
四、写作：健康生活分享
写作储备
阅读教材P.42健康报告，提炼健康报告的写作特点。
I. 黄金写作模板
II. 写作语言特点
使用恰当的描绘性语言，准确地表达出自己或他人在过去及现在的健康状况。
III. 写作常用词汇
slim adj. 苗条的，单薄的
weight n. 体重
diet n. 饮食
challenge v. 挑战
refreshed adj. 恢复精神的
energetic adj.充满活力的
worry about担心
keep fit保持健康
catch a cold now and then时常感冒
IV. 写作常用句型
1. I add healthy food to my meals.
我把健康食品加到我的饮食中。
2. I made a list of the things I liked about myself.
我对自己喜欢的东西列了一个清单。
3. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier.
对自己和自己的身体有了积极肯定的态度后，我变得更幸福、更健康了。
4. I read an article that said performing tai chi would make a difference.
我读过一篇文章，上面写道打太极拳会有作用。
5. I make it a rule to get up early.
早起成了我的一项有规律的活动。
6. My body is building up by working out every day.
通过天天锻炼，我的身体正在慢慢强壮起来。
典例剖析
请根据上面关于健康报告书的框架结构，写一篇短文。
过去
1. 幼年时期，身体虚弱，经常感冒。
2. 不能够正常上学。
转折点
读到一篇关于早晨慢跑的文章
现在
1. 养成早起和慢跑的习惯。
2. 感到精神焕发，精力充沛。
3. 身体逐步恢复；日常生活从中受益。
注意：词数80左右。
审题谋篇
1、定框架—— 好的开始，成功的一半
体裁
健康报告书
人称
第一人称
时态
一般过去时和一般现在时
框架
第一段：描述过去状况；
第二段：现在状态；
第三段：总结。
2、定要点、关键词及动词时态——打造一篇要点全面、用词准确得体、时态多样的极优作文
要点一：幼年时期，我身体虚弱。(weak)
When I was a little child, I was weak.
要点二：我经常感冒。 (catch a cold)
I caught a cold now and then.
要点三：正常上学很困难。(动名词短语作主语；difficult)
Going to school regularly was difficult.
要点四：我读到一篇文章。(article)
I read an article.
要点五：这篇文章上说早晨慢跑有效果。 (jog; make a difference)
The article said jogging in the morning would make a real difference.
要点六：我起得很早；慢跑半个小时。(get up)
I get up early and jog for about half an hour.
要点七：我感到精神焕发，精力充沛。 (refresh; energetic)
I feel refreshed and energetic.
要点八：通过每天锻炼，我的身体正在逐步恢复。(build up; work out)
My body is building up by working out every day.
要点九：它对我的日常生活有极大的益处。 (benefit)
It benefits my daily life greatly.
3、词汇、句式升级——创造极优作文的倩词靓句
升级句式一：用so … that…合并要点一和要点二。
When I was a little child, I was so weak that I caught a cold now and then.
升级句式二：用定语从句连接要点四和要点五。
I read an article, which said jogging in the morning would make a real difference.
升级句式三：用make it a rule to改写要点六。
I make it a rule to get up early and jog for about half an hour.
升级句式四：用定语从句连接要点八和要点九。
My body is building up by working out every day, which benefits my daily life greatly.
4、组建极优作文——水到渠成的成就感：动力的源泉
When I was a little child, I was so weak that I caught a cold now and then. As a result, going to school regularly was a big challenge to us.
Then I read an article, which said jogging in the morning would make a real difference. So I follow the advice and put it into practice every day. Now, I make it a rule to get up early and jog for about half an hour. After that, I feel refreshed and energetic.
At present, my body is building up by working out every day, which benefits my daily life greatly.
即学即练
你校学生会做了一个关于中学生睡眠、饮食和休闲等方面的调查，发现学生有许多不良的生活习惯。请根据以上信息写一篇80词左右的英语短文。要求如下：
1. 简述一些坏习惯可能产生的不良影响。
2. 呼吁广大中学生裴燕更健康的睡眠、饮食和休闲习惯。
主语：文章开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Let’s develop a healthy lifestyle
According to a survey among middle school students, many students have the following bad habits: staying up late, going to school without breakfast and often eating instant noodles; spending much time chatting on QQ or playing computer games.
As we know, if we often stay up later, we will feel tired and sleepy during the daytime and cannot concentrate in class. Going to school without breakfast or eating instant noodles will cause a lack of nutrition. Spending too much time on QQ or computer games will do harm to our eyes.
In terms of study and health, we should develop a healthy lifestyle. First, go to bed earlier instead of staying up late. Second, keep a balanced diet to build up our bodies. Third, don’t spend too much time on the Internet. Actually, there are varieties of activities for us to relax ourselves, such as doing sports or listening to music.
Yours,
Li Hua
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