人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration当堂达标检测题

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十　Unit 4　Reading and Thinking

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. He is determined(determine)to stay for a long time.

2. A satellite has been launched(launch) to learn more about space.

3. I was disappointed (disappoint)that John was not there.

4. Your desire for success leaves a deep impression on me.

5. While we live in the school dormitory, we have to live independently(independent).

6. She was forced to live a simple life because of lack of money.

7. How do astronauts (astronaut) do exercise in the space?  

8. I think you are mentally(mental) tired.

9. She signaled (signal) us that everything was all right .

10. I thought he was very attractive and obviously very intelligent (intelligence).

Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示用短语完成句子

1. Sending people into space(把人送入太空) is not an easy goal to achieve.  

2. We have made great progress(取得很大的进步)in the area of space exploration in recent years.  

3. She decided to help him despite the difficulties(尽管存在困难).  

4. They are determined to go abroad(下定决心出国).  

5. The activity not only broadens our horizons but also enables us to understand our life better(不但……而且……).  

6. Mo Yan is the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize(第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国人).  

7. After he left, I just tried to carry on(继续)as normal.  

8. Have the passengers gone on board(上船)?  

9. They have come to the North Africa in the hope of finding treasure(怀着寻宝的希望).  

10. An Olympic gold medal can lead to(带来, 导致) untold riches for an athlete.  

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

(2019·临沂高一检测)

　　Sitting under the national flag and separated from the media by a transparent glass wall, 50-year-old Jing Haipeng and 37-year-old Chen Dong appeared calm as they prepare to be part of, what is scheduled to be, China’s longest-ever manned spaceflight mission.

The two were scheduled to spend a total of 33 days in orbit. This would be the 3rd trip into space for veteran Chinese astronaut Jing Haipeng. He has been on the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008 and the Shenzhou-9 mission in 2012. The mission’s commander was also part of docking missions (太空对接任务) on both his previous space flights, giving him the experience needed to help dock Shenzhou-11 with Tiangong-2. Jing Haipeng said, “With the past 18 years of intensive professional astronaut training, together with the two previous experiences I’ve had flying in space, I’m very confident and determined that this mission is going to be a great success. Personally, I’m much calmer and in a more positive head-space than I was during my previous missions. I’m very proud to be here to greet our country. I know my confidence is shared with the rest of our entire space program. ”

With an unblemished flight record of 15 hundred hours as a pilot, 37-year-old Chen Dong was chosen in 2010 to be part of the next generation of Chinese astronauts. He too said he was confident of heading into the mission, even though it would be his first time in space. “I have the chance to join my first mission after 6 years of intensive training and learning. For me, the timing is perfect—not too early, but not too late either. When we train, Jing is my teacher. In life, he is my brother. He is so dedicated, and demands only the best from me and the others that he works with. Because of his experience, I am very lucky to be paired with him on this mission into space. ”After being put into orbit, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong were going to conduct a series of experiments, including testing the latest in China’s advanced life support systems, as well as scientific research.

Wu Ping, deputy director of China’s Manned Space Program, explains the role of the two astronauts in space. “During their mission, the two are essentially back-ups to one-another. They are both capable of piloting the spacecraft, complex management, manual docking as well as handling any emergency situations or malfunctions (故障). While in orbit, they are going to complete a number of maneuvers (演习) with Shenzhou-11, as well as orbital experiments, demonstrations and tests on human health in space. ”

【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道, 报道了神舟十一号太空飞船成功将50岁的景海鹏和37岁的陈冬两位宇航员送入太空。

1. From what Jing Haipeng said we can infer______.  

A. previous experience matters a lot

B. the mission’s commander helped him

C. the Shenzhou-7 mission is to be docked with the Shenzhou-9

D. he lacked confidence during the previous launching

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的With the past 18 years of intensive professional astronaut training, together with the two previous experiences I’ve had flying in space, I’m very confident and determined that this mission is going to be a great success. 可知, 有了过去十八年的高强度专业宇航员训练以及他之前的两次太空飞行经历, 景海鹏有信心也坚信这次任务将会圆满成功。由此可以推断出过往的经验至关重要。故选A。

2. The underlined word “unblemished” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by“______”.  

A. continuous  B. surprising

C. perfect   D. significant

【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第三段中的With an unblemished flight record of 15 hundred hours as a pilot, 37-year-old Chen Dong was chosen in 2010 to be part of the next generation of Chinese astronauts. 可推知, 有安全完美的飞行记录, 才可能被选为宇航员。continuous持续的; surprising令人惊讶的; perfect完美的; significant重大的。故选C。

3. What made Chen Dong a qualified astronaut?

A. His confidence of heading into the mission.

B. His intensive training and learning.

C. His luck to be paired with Jing Haipeng.

D. His experience of conducting a series of experiments.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的I have the chance to join my first mission after 6 years of intensive training and learning. 可知, 经过六年的高强度训练和学习, 陈冬终于有机会执行他的第一次太空任务。故选B。

4. Where would you most probably see the text?

A. In a newspaper.

B. In a science journal.

C. In a travel magazine.

D. In a government document.

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段Sitting under the national flag and separated from the media by a transparent glass wall, 50-year-old Jing Haipeng and 37-year-old Chen Dong appeared calm as they prepare to be part of, what is scheduled to be, China’s longest-ever manned spaceflight mission. 可知, 50岁的景海鹏和37岁的陈冬坐在国旗下方, 与媒体仅一堵透明玻璃墙之隔, 看上去气定神闲, 他们即将展开中国史上持续时间最长的载人飞行任务。由此可推断出本文最有可能出自报纸上的新闻报道。故选A。

【阅读多维训练】

1. I have the chance to join my first mission after 6 years of intensive training and learning.

分析: have the chance to do sth. 表示“有机会做某事”。

译文: 经过六年的高强度训练和学习, 我有机会执行我的第一个任务。

2. With the past 18 years of intensive professional astronaut training, together with the two previous experiences I’ve had flying in space, I’m very confident and determined that this mission is going to be a great success.

分析: together with连接两个并列宾语; I’ve had flying in space为省略了引导词that的定语从句; that this mission is going to be a great success为that引导的宾语从句。

译文: 在过去的十八年里, 我接受了高强度的专业宇航员训练, 再加上我之前的两次太空飞行经历, 我非常有信心也坚信这次任务一定会取得圆满成功。

3. Match the main idea of each paragraph.

Para. 1____　　A. Wu Ping explains the role of the two astronauts in space.  

Para. 2　  B. Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong will begin China’s longest-ever manned spaceflight mission.

Para. 3　  C. Introduction about Jing Haipeng

Para. 4　  D. Introduction about Chen Dong

答案: BCDA

B

(2019·临川高一检测)

The sky is a large place, and though it has been carefully examined for centuries, new features still turn up. Last March it was the rule of Uranus(天王星), and last week astronomers announced what may turn out to be a new planet, though a very small one, in the solar system.

The object was first sighted last month by Charles Kowal, an astronomer at the Hale Observatories in Pasadena, Calif. Mr Kowal observed a faint trail of light on photographic plates, indicating that something was moving in relation to the background of stars. Other observers have confirmed the discovery.

The “mini-planet”,  identified for the time being as “Object-Kowal”,  appears to be about 1. 5 billion miles away, between the orbit of Saturn and Uranus, and its diameter(直径) has been estimated at between 100 and 400 miles. Its orbit has not been determined yet, but if the orbit proves to be roughly circular, like that of the major planets, the new object would probably take 66 to 70 years to make a circuit of the sun.

Some astronomers have speculated that Mr Kowal’s discovery may be the first indication of an asteroid(小行星) belt beyond Saturn.

【文章大意】本文介绍了目前在太阳系新发现的一颗疑似小行星的天体。

5. What may have been found in the solar system according to the first paragraph?

A. A small new planet. 　B. A new solar system.

C. A large new object.  D. A large new planet.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知, 在太阳系中新发现了一颗疑似小行星的天体。故选A。

6. What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A. What the object is like.

B. How the object was found.

C. Where the astronomers live.

D. Why the object was moving.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知, 天文学家Charles Kowal在照相底片上观察到了一条淡淡的光亮路径, 指出有东西在相关的恒星后面移动, 其他观察者也证实了这一发现, 所以第二段主要讲述了该行星是如何被发现的。故选B。

7. What magazine might this passage be taken from?

A. Astronomy.  B. Industry.

C. Spaceflight.  D. Agriculture.

【解析】选A。文章出处题。根据全文可知, 本文主要介绍了目前在太阳系新发现的一颗疑似小行星的天体, 这类文章最可能出自与天文学相关的杂志上。故选A。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句

　　根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Tips for procrastinators (拖延者)

You manage to finish and hand the project in on time, but you feel exhausted. Then, your teacher says, “Get ready. We will start the test in 5 minutes. ”　1　 

Many of us are guilty of delaying doing what we should do. At the same time, we might risk missing a deadline and not getting a good mark. It is also very stressful. Here are some tips for procrastinators on how to get your work done ahead of time.

Create a to-do list. Creating a list will help organize your work and ideas while keeping you on track. 　2　Keep it up to date by checking off completed tasks as you go along. This will keep you focused and orderly.  

　3　Chances are, you won’t be able to get a lot of work done when you’re tired. Finding a time of day when you are full of energy will get you to be more productive.  

Choose reliable study partners. Working with study partners will encourage you to complete the task at hand and ensure that you remain focused. 　4　 

Divide the work into smaller parts. Procrastination is often a reaction to feeling overwhelmed(无法对付的). Dividing work into smaller parts will make it easy to handle. 　5　You will find your ability and be more likely to finish what you need to do.  

Hopefully these tips will help you do away with the stressful, last-minute efforts of a procrastinator.

A. Work when you’re feeling energetic.

B. Remind yourself to turn off all the devices.

C. You forgot that there’s also an examination today.

D. Try to encourage yourself to stick to your work plan.

E. Deal with your tasks a bit at a time instead of wasting time wondering where to start.

F. Put the tasks that you feel less confident about or are likely to avoid on the top of the list.

G. You know that others are relying on you and they think that you deserve trust and are responsible.

【文章大意】本文是说明文。我们许多人都有拖延的毛病, 文中作者给出了几点克服拖延的建议。

1. 【解析】选C。考查上下文的衔接。上文叙述精疲力竭时老师说5分钟后有考试, 下句介绍我们许多人都有拖延做我们该做的事的毛病。C项: 你忘了今天还有考试, 承上启下。故选C。

2. 【解析】选F。考查上下文的理解。本段建议我们可以通过创建待办事项清单来克服拖延症, F项: 把你觉得不太自信或可能会避免的任务放在最前面, 这是列清单的注意事项, 符合本段内容。故选F。

3. 【解析】选A。考查主旨大意的提炼。本段建议我们每天找一个精力充沛的时间做事会更有效率。A项: 当你精力充沛的时候工作, 符合本段内容, 概括了本段主旨。故选A。

4. 【解析】选G。考查上下文的理解。本段建议我们选择可靠的学习伙伴, 这有助于你保持专注。G项: 你知道别人都在依赖你, 他们认为你值得信任、是负责任的, 顺承上句, 这是你专注的原因。故选G。

5. 【解析】选E。考查上下文的衔接。本段建议把工作分成几个小部分去做, 分散任务更容易完成, 还能增加你的自信。E项: 一次处理一点你的任务, 而不是浪费时间考虑从哪里开始, 符合本段内容。故选E。

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