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2020-2021学年Unit 5 The human brain课后复习题
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这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 5 The human brain课后复习题，文件包含Unit5ThehumanbrainA卷·夯实基础解析版docx、Unit5ThehumanbrainA卷·夯实基础原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 5 The human brain
A卷•夯实基础
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择(共15分)
1．For your health, you ________ wash your hands after touching the frozen food.
A．must B．may C．can D．could
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：为了你的健康，你必须在触摸冷冻食品后洗手。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须，一定；may也许，可能；can可以，可能；could可以，可能（can的过去式或表委婉）。分析“For your health, you…wash your hands after touching the frozen food.”可知，此处表示出于健康问题的考虑，在触摸冷冻食品后必须要洗手，故选A。
2．The more carefully we listen to our teacher in class, ________ progress we will make.
A．the greatest B．the greater C．greater D．great
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：我们上课越认真听老师讲课，我们将取得越大的进步。
考查形容词。the greatest最大的；the greater更大的；greater更大的；great大的。the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓，表示“越……，越……”，故选B。
3．My classmate John was ill, ________ he didn’t come to school yesterday.
A．or B．for C．so D．but
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：我的同学约翰病了，所以他昨天没来上学。
考查连词辨析。or或者；for为了；so因此，所以；but但是。根据句意可知，“he didn’t come to school yesterday”是“John was ill”造成的结果，两者之间是因果关系。故选C。
4．The baby feels _________ while his mother holds him in her arms.
A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：当他妈妈把他抱在怀里时，孩子感到很安全。本题考查形容词，语境是：当他的妈妈把他抱住，他感觉到安全的，答案选B。safety是名词。
5．Some people choose to live in the city, ________ enjoy the peaceful life in a village.
A．the other B．the others C．another D．others
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：一些人选择住在城市，其他人喜欢村庄的平静的生活。
考查代词。the other另一个，经常和one连用，表示“一个，另一个”；the others剩余的人；another又，再，后面接可数名词单数；others其他人，可以单独使用，根据前面的“Some people”和后面的“others”对应，故选D。
6．For the time being we can collect much ________ either from books or on the Internet.
A．idea B．method C．information D．suggestion
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：就目前而言，我们可以从书上或互联网上收集许多信息。
考查名词辨析。idea想法，主意；method方法；information信息；suggestion建议。根据空格前形容词“much”可知填不可数名词，idea、method和suggestion是可数名词，而information是不可数名词。故选C。
7．Would you mind caring ________ my dog while I’m away on holiday?
A．for B．of C．with D．at
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：我外出度假时，你介意照看我的狗吗？
考查介词。for为了；of……的；with和……一起；at在（某地）。care for意为“照顾、关心”，符合句意，故选A。
8．Mary and Jane organized the class meeting all by ________ last Friday.
A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：玛丽和简上周五独立组织了班会。
考查代词词义辨析。they他们，代词主格，在句中作主语；them他们，代词宾格，在句中作宾语；their他们的，形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。(all) by oneself独自，由句中“by”可知，应用反身代词themselves，表示独立地，故选D。
9．________ a spring morning, a bird flew into our classroom and we were very excited to see it.
A．In B．On C．At D．For
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：在一个春天的早晨，一只鸟飞进了我们的教室，我们看到它非常兴奋。
考查介词。In用于指早午晚、年、月、季节、一段时间后；On用于指具体某一天，如星期几，节日以及具体某一天的早中晚；At用于指某一特定的时刻；For用于指时间的长度。空格后a spring morning指的是具体的某一天，故应用介词on，故选B。
10．Doctor Li says Mike is a little overweight and he needs to go on ________ diet.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：李医生说迈克有点超重，他需要节食。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；the是定冠词，表特指；/不填。根据“Doctor Li says Mike is a little overweight”，李医生说迈克有点超重，可知他需要节食，go on a diet“节食”，固定短语，故选A。
11．I didn’t know what he meant. Which of the following is correct for the underlined part in the sentence?
A．/iː/ B．/e/ C．/l/ D．/ei/
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：我不知道他是什么意思。下面那个是句子划线部分的读音？
考查单词的读音。meant [ment] 意思是，意味着，mean的过去时；由此可知“ea字母组合”发/e/音。故选B。
12． ________ exciting it is to watch the animals very closely!
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：近距离地观看动物是多么令人兴奋啊！
考查感叹句。感叹句中，what后跟名词，how后跟副词或形容词；分析句子可知，该句符合感叹句“How+adj./adv. +主谓+其他！”的结构，exciting是形容词，用how修饰。故选C。
13．The year studying in China gives the foreign students much ________of Chinese culture.
A．knowledge B．story C．guide D．tip
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：在中国学习的一年给了外国学生许多中国文化的知识。
考查名词辨析。knowledge知识，学问，不可数名词；story故事，小说，可数名词；guide指南，向导，可数名词；tip尖端，小部件，可数名词；根据“The year studying in China gives the foreign students much…of Chinese culture.”可知，much修饰不可数名词。knowledge知识，学问，符合语境。故选A。
14．Nowadays students have more time to practice ________ English after class.
A．speak B．spoke C．speaking D．to speak
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：现在学生课后有更多的时间练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。短语practice doing sth.“练习做某事”；短语speak English“说英语”；此处用speak的动名词。故选C。
15．5G cell phones ________ in most cities in China since two years ago.
A．have provided B．were providing C．were provided D．have been provided
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：自两年前以来，中国大多数城市都提供了5G手机。
考查动词的时态和语态。have provided现在完成时；were providing过去进行时；were provided一般过去时的被动语态；have been provided现在完成时的被动语态。根据“since two years ago自从两年前”可知，主句用现在完成时，排除选项B和C；结合语境可知，主语“5G cell phones”和谓语provide之间是被动关系，所以这里用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
二、短文选词填空(共8分)
A．rarely B．audience C．steps D．seriously E. loudly
Most of us are afraid of making a speech in public and don't do a good job. Here are some simple 16．to help you make it a great one. There are some things you need to consider 17．(1分). The first problem is to find out as much as you can about your 18．(1分). Who are they? What do they know about the subject of your speech? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare for it. Then try to arrange your material so that what you say will be easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible. Remember to speak slowly and 19．to make everyone hear you clearly. Don't talk over their heads or talk down to them.
【答案】
16．C
17．D
18．B
19．E
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于演讲的技巧。
16．
句意：下面是一些简单的步骤来帮助你让它成为一个很好的演讲。根据前文的“Most of us are afraid of making a speech in public and don't do a good job, Here are some simple”和所给单词可知，应该是下面是一些简单的步骤，steps意为“步骤”，故选C。
17．
句意：有些事情你需要认真考虑。根据前文的“There are some things you need to consider”和所给单词可知，应该是认真考虑，seriously意为“认真地”，故选D。
18．
句意：第一个问题是尽可能多地了解你的听众。根据后文的“Who are they? What do they know about the subject of your speech?”和所给单词可知，应该是尽可能多地了解你的听众，audience意为“听众”，故选B。
19．
句意：记住说话要慢，声音要大，让每个人都听得清楚。根据后文的“make everyone hear you clearly”可知，应该是说话要慢，声音要大，loudly意为“大声地”，故选E。
A．prevent B．exercise C．avoid D．further E. aware
Get tired easily? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? You might be in an unhealthy state between health and disease. Doctors often tell you to be 20．of the importance of forming good living habits. It is the key to 21．you from being unhealthy. You need to rest, 22．and take part in open air activities. They also say a balanced diet is helpful to 23．being unhealthy. Besides, you need to stay in a good mood. Always think about your goals in life and how happy you are when you complete them.
【答案】
20．E
21．A
22．B
23．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚健康状态以及如何保持健康的身体状态。
20．
句意：医生经常告诉你要意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性。根据下文“It is the key to prevent you from being unhealthy”可知，要是意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性，这是防止你不健康的关键。be aware of意为“意识到”，符合句意，故选E。
21．
句意：这是防止你不健康的关键。根据上文“Doctors often tell you to be aware of the importance of forming good living habits”可知，要是意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性，这是防止你不健康的关键。prevent sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，符合句意，故选A。
22．
句意：你需要休息、锻炼和参加户外活动。根据前后文“rest … take part in open air activities”可知，此处是指“需要休息、锻炼和参加户外活动”等一系列动作。故选B。
23．
句意：他们还说均衡的饮食有助于避免不健康。根据上文“It is the key to prevent you from being unhealthy”可知，这是防止你不健康的关键，故此处指的是“他们还说均衡的饮食有助于避免不健康”。故选C。
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空(共5分)
24．So what’s going on, you sound ________ on the phone?（worry）
【答案】worried
【详解】
句意：怎么了？你在电话里听起来很担心。worry“使担心”，是动词；worried“担心的”，是形容词。sound是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，故填worried。
25．It’s a new story full of________, adventure and heroic characters.（act）
【答案】action
【详解】
句意：这是一个充满动作、冒险和英雄人物的新故事。act“行动、动作”，动词；be full of sth.“充满……”，因此此处应填入一个名词形式，与其所对应的名词是action，故填action。
26．His ________ were well written but his delivery was hopeless.（speech）
【答案】speeches
【详解】
句意：他的讲话写得很好，但他的演讲方式却令人绝望。谓语were是复数形式，因此主语用复数形式，speech的复数形式是speeches，故填speeches。
27．The yard's doors usually have weak locks and you can open them ________.（easy）
【答案】easily
【详解】
句意：院子的门通常都有不牢固的锁，你可以很容易地打开。easy adj.容易的。观察句子这里是修饰动词open“打开”，可知应该用其副词形式easily，故填easily。
28．The ________ thing to do is to give the stray dogs food and shelter.（one）
【答案】first
【详解】
句意：首先要做的是给流浪狗提供食物和住所。the+序数词+名词+to do sth表示“做某事的第几个……”，此处用one的序数词first，故填first。
四、划线部分提问(共1分)
29．It is one and a half hours’ drive from my home to Shanghai Disneyland.（对划线部分提问）
_________________ is it from your home to Shanghai Disneyland?
【答案】How far
【详解】
句意：从我家到上海迪士尼乐园有一个半小时的车程。根据划线部分是“one and a half hours’ drive ”可知，此处是提问距离，用how far来提问。故填How far。
五、改写句子(共2分)
30．Mrs. White told us to close all the windows before we left the lab. （改为反意疑问句）
Mrs. White told us to close all the windows before we left the lab, ________?
【答案】didn’t she
【详解】
句意：White夫人告诉我们离开实验室前关闭所有的窗户。本题要求改为反意疑问句，原句中谓语动词“told”是过去式形式，反意疑问句应用助动词did构成，根据“前肯后否”的原则，反意疑问句用否定形式didn’t；主语“Mrs. White”用人称代词she代替。故填didn’t; she。
31．Jack worked so hard that he could catch up with others in such a short time.（改为简单句）
Jack worked ____________ to catch up with others in such a short time.
【答案】hard enough
【详解】
句意：杰克学习如此努力，以至于他能在如此短的时间内赶上其他人。原句是“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句，可替换为“adv+enough+to do sth”结构，表示“杰克工作足够努力，在这么短的时间内就赶上了其他人。”故填hard enough。
六、同义句转化(共1分)
32．Did Professor Smith start any hobbies when he retired from the university?（保持句意基本不变）
Did Professor Smith ____________ any hobbies when he retired from the university?
【答案】take up
【详解】
句意：史密斯教授从大学退休后有什么爱好吗？start的意思是：开始；take up 是指开始从事某事情，此处可以互换。句中有助动词did，空处需用动词原形。故填take up。
七、将所给单词连成句子(共1分)
33．Jimmy, helping, teaches, parents, responsibility and independence, with housework（连词成句）
____________________________________________________.
【答案】Helping parents with housework teaches Jimmy responsibility and independence
【详解】
根据所给的标点可知应用陈述句形式，分析所给的单词，helping parents with housework是动名词短语作主语；teaches作谓语；Jimmy 作宾语；responsibility and independence作宾补。故答案为：Helping parents with housework teaches Jimmy responsibility and independence“帮助父母做家务能教会吉米责任感和独立性”。
八、阅读单选(共12分)
CIMON 2 is a floating computer assistant. It was sent to the International Space Station (ISS) on December 5th, 2019. It was designed to work there for three years to help astronauts.
Actually, the International Space Station is a science lab in space. Now there are six people there. Usually astronauts stay in the ISS for five or six months. Can you imagine how boring it is to live in a tight space with just five other people for six months?
So CIMON was created with two jobs in mind. One is helping astronauts with tasks. The other is trying to be "someone" astronauts can talk to. CIMON stands for Crew Interactive Mobile (互动移动) Companion. It is a robot with a face which was created by the European airplane company, Airbus. It has no arms or legs, but it can move where it needs to go with motors inside. Helping astronauts is easy for CIMON—it can see, hear, understand, and speak. Its "mouth" is a loudspeaker that can be used to talk or play music. The brain behind CIMON were provided by IBM, a computer company famous for training computers to understand human speech. CIMON can understand not just what people say, but what they mean. If astronauts ask it for instructions or information, CIMON can answer the astronauts, or use its screen to display pictures or documents, if needed. In addition, CIMON has several cameras, which can take pictures and videos to help astronauts keep records of experiments or other important actions.
The more difficult part of CIMON's job is being a companion for the astronauts. The first CIMON could understand what people were saying and mastered more than 1000 sentences, but it was limited. In one video, taken with German astronaut Alexander Gerst, CIMON seemed to become confused as Mr. Gerst spoke with another astronaut. "Don't be so mean, please," CIMON said.
CIMON 2 has been improved so that it can recognize emotions and find out how people are feeling. The goal for CIMON is to be a calm, trusted friend that astronauts can talk to when they don't want to talk with others. This could be especially important if tension (紧张气氛) in a group of astronauts causes them to stop thinking clearly.
34．CIMON 2 planned to stay in the International Space Station for _______.
A．five months B．six months C．three years D．two years
35．CIMON was created _______.
A．for Crew Interactive Mobile Companion B．for the European airplane company, Airbus
C．to do a lot of research of IBM D．to make friends with astronauts
36．CIMON is very intelligent, and it can do all the following things except _______.
A．moving here and there B．training computers to understand people
C．taking pictures and videos D．understanding what people are saying
37．The underlined word "companion" in the 4th paragraph means a friend who _______.
A．works and lives with astronauts B．has the similar tastes, interests, etc.
C．runs a company D．is responsible for astronauts
38．Compared with the first CIMON, CIMON 2 has the advantage of _______.
A．becoming confused with others' talk B．understanding people's feelings
C．having limited expressions D．keeping calm all the time
39．According to the last paragraph, creators hope that CIMON can _______.
A．float in space for a long time B．help astronauts with their tasks
C．use its "mouth" to talk or play music D．help people stay calm and make good decisions
【答案】
34．C
35．D
36．B
37．A
38．B
39．D
【分析】
文章介绍了一款太空机器人，实现协助宇航员工作和宇航员交流的功能。
34．
细节理解题。根据“It was designed to work there for three years to help astronauts.”可知，CIMON 2计划在空间站待三年，故选C。
35．
推理判断题。根据“The other is trying to be "someone" astronauts can talk to.”可知，它是努力成为宇航员可以交谈的“人”，也就是为了和宇航员交朋友，故选D。
36．
细节理解题。根据“The brain behind CIMON were provided by IBM, a computer company famous for training computers to understand human speech.”可知，是IBM训练电脑理解人们，而不是CIMON，故选B。
37．
推理判断题。根据“The first CIMON could understand what people were saying and mastered more than 1000 sentences”并结合全文介绍了这个机器人需要帮助宇航员工作并和宇航员说话，可推测，CIMON是一个能够和宇航员工作和生活的伙伴，所以“companion”指的是和宇航员工作和生活，故选A。
38．
细节理解题。根据“CIMON 2 has been improved so that it can recognize emotions and find out how people are feeling.”可知，CIMON 2相较于第一代能够理解人们的感情，可以识别情绪并找出人们的感受，故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“This could be especially important if tension (紧张气氛) in a group of astronauts causes them to stop thinking clearly.”可知，CIMON的目标是帮助人们保持冷静并作出正确的决策，故选D。
九、完型填空(共12分)
选择最恰当的单词完成短文
Amy and Susan both live an average life. They have an average house, an average job and an average family. There is really nothing 40 about their lives, but there is also nothing really negative (负面的) about their lives.
However, when they are both happy, it always seems that Amy is happier than Susan. It looks like nothing can 41 Amy. She is the life of the party and always has a big smile on her face.
Susan can't stop thinking about this. How is Amy so happy when they both lead such 42 lives? They go to the same stores, watch the same movies, and even have the same schedules! How can Amy be so carefree when life is so stressful?
Between one's daily life and personal dreams, there is no way one can be so happy and stress free all the time. There are always a million things going on.
But when Susan asks Amy about this, Amy says, "I just take life as it comes. It seems pretty easy then."
So what is the 43 between these two friends? How is it that Amy's life seems so much better most of the time?
The problem with Susan is that she spreads herself too thin(试图同时干太多的工作). Not 44 , but in her own head. But although Amy tries to do everything at once and think about everything at once, she takes everything one step 45 . She is where she is, stays present in the moment and allows herself to focus on just one thing.
When you live each moment to its fullest, when you deal with where you are and are present in the now, most of your stress will go away.
40．A．boring B．common C．special D．disappointing
41．A．attract B．trouble C．change D．encourage
42．A．similar B．successful C．traditional D．wonderful
43．A．link B．relationship C．contact D．difference
44．A．physically B．rarely C．correctly D．suddenly
45．A．on time B．for the time being C．at a time D．from time to time
【答案】
40．C
41．B
42．A
43．D
44．A
45．C
【分析】
本文主要讲了两个人过着相似的生活，但一个总比另一个看着更快乐，原因在于如果每一刻你过得很充实的，循序渐进的做事情，你的大部分压力都会消失。
40．
句意：他们的生活真的没有什么特别之处，但他们的生活也没有什么真正的负面的东西。
boring无聊的；common普通的；special特别的；disappointing令人失望的。根据上文“Amy and Susan both live an average life. They have an average house, an average job and an average family.” 艾米和苏珊都过着普通的生活。他们有普通的房子，普通的工作和普通的家庭。由此推断，她们的生活没有什么特别的，故选C。
41．
句意：看来没有什么能困扰艾米。
attract吸引；trouble麻烦；change改变；encourage鼓励。根据上文“when they are both happy, it always seems that Amy is happier than Susan.” 当他们都快乐的时候，艾米似乎总是比苏珊更快乐。和下文“She is the life of the party and always has a big smile on her face.” 她是晚会的主角，脸上总是挂着灿烂的笑容。由此推断艾米很快乐，好像没有什么能麻烦到她。故选B。
42．
句意：当他们都过着相似的生活时，艾米怎么会这么高兴？
similar相似的；successful成功的；traditional传统的；wonderful精彩的。根据下文“They go to the same stores, watch the same movies, and even have the same schedules! ”他们去相同的商店，看相同的电影，甚至有相同的时间表！由此推断他们过着相似的生活，故选A。
43．
句意：那么这两个朋友有什么区别呢？
link连接；relationship关系；contact联系；difference差别。根据上文“How is Amy so happy when they both lead such … lives?” 当他们都过着相似的生活时，艾米怎么会这么高兴？由此推断两个生活很相似的人，到底是什么不同之处，导致他们有不同的感受呢？故选D。
44．
句意：不是身体上的，而是在她自己的脑子里。
physically肉体上地；rarely罕有地；correctly正确地；suddenly突然地。根据“but in her own head”而是在她自己的头脑里，可知和“头脑”相对应的是“身体上的”，故选A。
45．
句意：但是，虽然艾米尽力同时做一切事情，同时思考每件事，但她循序渐进地、一步一个脚印做事情。
on time按时；for the time being暂时，目前；at a time每次，一次；from time to time不时地，偶尔。根据上文“The problem with Susan is that she spreads herself too thin” 苏珊的问题是试图同时干太多的工作。“But although Amy …,”由转折词，可推断和苏珊不同的是，艾米有步骤地做事情。固定短语one step at a time意为“一步一个脚印”，故选C。
十、短文汉语提示填空(共14分)
Five tips for less plastic
The world has a plastic problem and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find a long-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable（可生物降解的）. But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to r46． plastic waste now.
1.Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year. About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day, but the a47． Dane（丹麦人）uses four single-use bags per year. In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax on plastic bags. Today, other countries（such as Chile, Kenya and New Zealand）either make customers pay for plastic bags, or have banned（禁止）them c48．.
2.Skip the straw. Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say “no”to the reusable straw, or bring your own reusable one. In 2018, Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws and many other cities are set to follow its e49．.
3.Don’t use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any t50． of drink you like. Some cities have already banned bottled water. However, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute in the world.
4.A51． plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. In the U.K, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic take-out containers.
5.Recycle. We can’t recycle all plastic items, but it is p52． to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottles. How? Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund of up to 2.5 kroner（32 cents）per bottle.
【答案】
46．reduce
47．average
48．completely
49．example
50．type
51．Avoid
52．possible
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了减少或降低使用塑料的五条建议。
46．
句意：但与此同时，现在你可以做五件事来减少塑料垃圾。根据下文“Stop using plastic bags；Skip the straw；Don’t use plastic bottles；Avoid plastic packaging…”可知这些都是减少使用塑料的建议，结合首字母提示，reduce“减少、降低”，动词，符合题意，故填reduce。
47．
句意：这几乎相当于每个美国人每天使用一个塑料袋，但丹麦人每年平均每个人使用四个一次性塑料袋。根据“That’s almost one bag per American per day”，结合“but the … Dane（丹麦人）uses four single-use bags per year.”及首字母提示，可知丹麦人每年平均每个人使用四个一次性塑料袋。average“平均”，符合题意，故填average。
48．
句意：今天，其他国家(如智利、肯尼亚和新西兰)要么让顾客为塑料袋付费，要么完全禁止使用塑料袋。根据“have banned（禁止）them … .”可知设空处修饰前面的谓语动词，因此应填入一个副词形式，结合首字母提示，completely“完全地、彻底地”，符合题意，故填completely。
49．
句意：2018年，西雅图成为美国第一个禁止使用塑料吸管的大城市，许多其他城市也准备效仿。根据“Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws”，结合“and many other cities are set to follow its … .”设空处前面有its修饰，可知此处应填入一个名词形式，结合语境及首字母提示，example“例子、榜样”，符合题意，故填example。
50．
句意：买一个可重复使用的瓶子，装上你喜欢的任何类型的饮料。根据“Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any … of drink you like.”结合首字母提示，可知是买一个可重复使用的瓶子，里面可以装上你喜欢的任何类型的饮料，any type of drink“任何类型的饮料”，故填type。
51．
句意：避免塑料包装。根据下文“Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging.”结合“… plastic packaging.”及首字母提示，可知是避免使用塑料包装，avoid“避免”，动词，符合题意，因其位于句首，首字母要大写，故填Avoid。
52．
句意：我们不能回收所有的塑料物品，但可以回收大多数瓶子和牛奶或果汁盒。根据“We can’t recycle all plastic items”，结合转折词but，以及首字母提示，可知我们可以回收大多数瓶子和牛奶或果汁盒。possible“可能的”，形容词，符合题意，it is+形容词+to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是……的”，故填possible。
十一、多任务混合阅读(共12分)
Cody liked the freedom that came with his first summer job. He worked at Mitchell’s Farm where people could come and pick the corn, berries and tomatoes out in the fields themselves. Then they’d bring their produce to checkout stand, where Cody would weigh it and charge (收费) the appropriate price. Mr and Mrs. Mitchell were usually busy somewhere else, so Cody was trusted to manage the stand by himself.
For the most part, Cody obeyed the Mitchell’s rules. When someone asked for a discount or a sample, Cody said no. But he did sometimes change the rules for friends, much to their delight.
“Go ahead, taste a few berries before I weigh,” he’d say when it was someone he knew. It was against the rules to eat something before you bought it, but everyone wanted to.
One day, a man came to stand with a basket of corn he had picked. Cody weighed the ears of corn and told the man how much it cost. The man looked confused.
“But I was here yesterday, and you told someone that for every five ears you buy, you get one free,” he said.
Cody had it in his memory. He had indeed offered that deal to the Thomases, who happened to be his neighbors. Now he felt sad about it. He saw Mrs Mitchell working close by. How was Cody going to explain that he had given a deal to those he knew while he made everyone else pay full price?
The man saw that Cody was looking at Mrs Mitchell, “Is that the owner? May I speak to her?” he asked.
Cody thought about offering the man the same discount, but there were people in line behind him, and they were carrying corn, too. Cody hung his head and walked over to seen Mrs. Mitchel.
53．Where did Cody work?
_______________________________________________________
54．What’s Cody’s work at Mitchell’s Farm?
His work was to ________________________________________________.
55．Cody obeyed the Mitchell’s rules all the time, didn’t he?
_____ , _________________________________________________.
56．What does “someone” refer to?
Here “someone” refers to _______________________________________.
57．How did the man know Mrs. Mitchell was the owner?
______________________________________________________________.
58．What would Cody do after walking over to see Mrs Mitchell? Why?
_______________________________________________________________.
【答案】
53．(He worked at) /At Mitchell’s Farm
54．weigh their produce and charge the appropriate price
55． No he didn’t
56．The Thomases/Cody’s (His) neighbors
57．By seeing Cody looking at Mrs Mitchell
58．Cody/He would explain what had happened and apologize to Mrs. Mitchell. Because he (had) realized he was wrong/ he made mistakes.
【分析】
本文主要讲述了科迪在在米切尔的农场工作时发生的事情。
53．
根据“ He worked at Mitchell’s Farm ...”可知，科迪在米切尔的农场工作。故填(He worked at) /At Mitchell’s Farm.
54．
根据“Then they’d bring their produce to checkout stand, where Cody would weigh it and charge (收费) the appropriate price... so Cody was trusted to manage the stand by himself”可知，科迪的工作是负责称重他们的产品，并收取适当的价格。故填weigh their produce and charge the appropriat e price。
55．
根据“For the most part, Cody obeyed the Mitchell’s rules...But he did sometimes change the rules for friends, much to their delight”可知，科迪在很大程度上遵守了米切尔夫妇的规则，但是有时会为他的朋友们改变规则，所以他没有一直遵守规则。故填No, he didn’t。
56．
根据“He had indeed offered that deal to the Thomases, who happened to be his neighbors”可知，划线词汇someone指的是the Thomases（他的邻居）。故填The Thomases/Cody’s (His) neighbors。
57．
根据“The man saw that Cody was looking at Mrs Mitchell, “Is that the owner? May I speak to her?” he asked.”可知，男人是看到科迪在看米切尔女士才判断她是主人。故填By seeing Cody looking at Mrs Mitchell.
58．
根据上文“How was Cody going to explain that he had given a deal to those he knew while he made everyone else pay full price?”可知，科迪擅自给认识的人特殊待遇，却让其他人都付全价，而米切尔夫人此刻就在跟前，他无法回应这个顾客，由此推断，他意识到了自己的错误，所以去找米切尔夫人解释，并为自己犯的错道歉。故填Cody/He would explain what had happened and apologize to Mrs. Mitchell. Because he (had) realized he was wrong/ he made mistakes.
十二、电子邮件(共17分)
59．(本题17分) 根据中文和英文提示，用英文写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的邮件。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
假如你叫李华，你们学校为配合北京申办冬奥会，倡导人人都做文明中学生。请你根据以下提示，给你的英国笔友Peter写一封邮件，告诉他你认为做个文明中学生什么是重要的，你通常是怎么做的，以及你的感受。
提示词语respect, say hello to, wait in line
1.What is important for a middle school student? (Being polite to other? Following rule? …)
2. What do you usually do?
3. How do you feel?
Dear Peter,
How is it going? At my school we’re talking about what we should do to be a good student. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anything new at your school?
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文：
Dear Peter,
How is it going? At my school we are talking about what we should do to be a good student.
To be a polite middle school student, I think we have to do a lot of things. First, it’s important for us to speak politely. We must respect the others. Second, we can’t throw rubbish everywhere. We must throw them in the rubbish bins. Littering is not a good habit. Every time I go to the park, I always pick up the litter and put it into the bin. I think if we all do so, the world will be cleaner. Another important thing is that we must follow the rules. There is no doubt that waiting in line is the important rule. I never rush into the bus. Waiting may be a happy thing. I often feel happy when I do something that is better for us. I think being a polite middle school student is proud.
Anything new at your school?
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。作文内容围绕你认为做个文明中学生什么是重要的，你通常是怎么做的，以及你的感受三个方面展开描写。
2.写作指导：本文用第一人称来写作，时态采用一般现在时为主，短文的开头和结尾已经给出，在中内容具体说明做个文明中学生哪些事情是重要的；自己通常怎么做一名文明学生；以及自己做一名文明学生的感受。叙述完整，条理清晰。
Unit 5 The human brain
A卷•夯实基础
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择(共15分)
1．For your health, you ________ wash your hands after touching the frozen food.
A．must B．may C．can D．could
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：为了你的健康，你必须在触摸冷冻食品后洗手。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须，一定；may也许，可能；can可以，可能；could可以，可能（can的过去式或表委婉）。分析“For your health, you…wash your hands after touching the frozen food.”可知，此处表示出于健康问题的考虑，在触摸冷冻食品后必须要洗手，故选A。
2．The more carefully we listen to our teacher in class, ________ progress we will make.
A．the greatest B．the greater C．greater D．great
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：我们上课越认真听老师讲课，我们将取得越大的进步。
考查形容词。the greatest最大的；the greater更大的；greater更大的；great大的。the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓，表示“越……，越……”，故选B。
3．My classmate John was ill, ________ he didn’t come to school yesterday.
A．or B．for C．so D．but
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：我的同学约翰病了，所以他昨天没来上学。
考查连词辨析。or或者；for为了；so因此，所以；but但是。根据句意可知，“he didn’t come to school yesterday”是“John was ill”造成的结果，两者之间是因果关系。故选C。
4．The baby feels _________ while his mother holds him in her arms.
A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：当他妈妈把他抱在怀里时，孩子感到很安全。本题考查形容词，语境是：当他的妈妈把他抱住，他感觉到安全的，答案选B。safety是名词。
5．Some people choose to live in the city, ________ enjoy the peaceful life in a village.
A．the other B．the others C．another D．others
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：一些人选择住在城市，其他人喜欢村庄的平静的生活。
考查代词。the other另一个，经常和one连用，表示“一个，另一个”；the others剩余的人；another又，再，后面接可数名词单数；others其他人，可以单独使用，根据前面的“Some people”和后面的“others”对应，故选D。
6．For the time being we can collect much ________ either from books or on the Internet.
A．idea B．method C．information D．suggestion
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：就目前而言，我们可以从书上或互联网上收集许多信息。
考查名词辨析。idea想法，主意；method方法；information信息；suggestion建议。根据空格前形容词“much”可知填不可数名词，idea、method和suggestion是可数名词，而information是不可数名词。故选C。
7．Would you mind caring ________ my dog while I’m away on holiday?
A．for B．of C．with D．at
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：我外出度假时，你介意照看我的狗吗？
考查介词。for为了；of……的；with和……一起；at在（某地）。care for意为“照顾、关心”，符合句意，故选A。
8．Mary and Jane organized the class meeting all by ________ last Friday.
A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：玛丽和简上周五独立组织了班会。
考查代词词义辨析。they他们，代词主格，在句中作主语；them他们，代词宾格，在句中作宾语；their他们的，形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。(all) by oneself独自，由句中“by”可知，应用反身代词themselves，表示独立地，故选D。
9．________ a spring morning, a bird flew into our classroom and we were very excited to see it.
A．In B．On C．At D．For
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：在一个春天的早晨，一只鸟飞进了我们的教室，我们看到它非常兴奋。
考查介词。In用于指早午晚、年、月、季节、一段时间后；On用于指具体某一天，如星期几，节日以及具体某一天的早中晚；At用于指某一特定的时刻；For用于指时间的长度。空格后a spring morning指的是具体的某一天，故应用介词on，故选B。
10．Doctor Li says Mike is a little overweight and he needs to go on ________ diet.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：李医生说迈克有点超重，他需要节食。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；the是定冠词，表特指；/不填。根据“Doctor Li says Mike is a little overweight”，李医生说迈克有点超重，可知他需要节食，go on a diet“节食”，固定短语，故选A。
11．I didn’t know what he meant. Which of the following is correct for the underlined part in the sentence?
A．/iː/ B．/e/ C．/l/ D．/ei/
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：我不知道他是什么意思。下面那个是句子划线部分的读音？
考查单词的读音。meant [ment] 意思是，意味着，mean的过去时；由此可知“ea字母组合”发/e/音。故选B。
12． ________ exciting it is to watch the animals very closely!
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：近距离地观看动物是多么令人兴奋啊！
考查感叹句。感叹句中，what后跟名词，how后跟副词或形容词；分析句子可知，该句符合感叹句“How+adj./adv. +主谓+其他！”的结构，exciting是形容词，用how修饰。故选C。
13．The year studying in China gives the foreign students much ________of Chinese culture.
A．knowledge B．story C．guide D．tip
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：在中国学习的一年给了外国学生许多中国文化的知识。
考查名词辨析。knowledge知识，学问，不可数名词；story故事，小说，可数名词；guide指南，向导，可数名词；tip尖端，小部件，可数名词；根据“The year studying in China gives the foreign students much…of Chinese culture.”可知，much修饰不可数名词。knowledge知识，学问，符合语境。故选A。
14．Nowadays students have more time to practice ________ English after class.
A．speak B．spoke C．speaking D．to speak
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：现在学生课后有更多的时间练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。短语practice doing sth.“练习做某事”；短语speak English“说英语”；此处用speak的动名词。故选C。
15．5G cell phones ________ in most cities in China since two years ago.
A．have provided B．were providing C．were provided D．have been provided
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：自两年前以来，中国大多数城市都提供了5G手机。
考查动词的时态和语态。have provided现在完成时；were providing过去进行时；were provided一般过去时的被动语态；have been provided现在完成时的被动语态。根据“since two years ago自从两年前”可知，主句用现在完成时，排除选项B和C；结合语境可知，主语“5G cell phones”和谓语provide之间是被动关系，所以这里用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
二、短文选词填空(共8分)
A．rarely B．audience C．steps D．seriously E. loudly
Most of us are afraid of making a speech in public and don't do a good job. Here are some simple 16．to help you make it a great one. There are some things you need to consider 17．(1分). The first problem is to find out as much as you can about your 18．(1分). Who are they? What do they know about the subject of your speech? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare for it. Then try to arrange your material so that what you say will be easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible. Remember to speak slowly and 19．to make everyone hear you clearly. Don't talk over their heads or talk down to them.
【答案】
16．C
17．D
18．B
19．E
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于演讲的技巧。
16．
句意：下面是一些简单的步骤来帮助你让它成为一个很好的演讲。根据前文的“Most of us are afraid of making a speech in public and don't do a good job, Here are some simple”和所给单词可知，应该是下面是一些简单的步骤，steps意为“步骤”，故选C。
17．
句意：有些事情你需要认真考虑。根据前文的“There are some things you need to consider”和所给单词可知，应该是认真考虑，seriously意为“认真地”，故选D。
18．
句意：第一个问题是尽可能多地了解你的听众。根据后文的“Who are they? What do they know about the subject of your speech?”和所给单词可知，应该是尽可能多地了解你的听众，audience意为“听众”，故选B。
19．
句意：记住说话要慢，声音要大，让每个人都听得清楚。根据后文的“make everyone hear you clearly”可知，应该是说话要慢，声音要大，loudly意为“大声地”，故选E。
A．prevent B．exercise C．avoid D．further E. aware
Get tired easily? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? You might be in an unhealthy state between health and disease. Doctors often tell you to be 20．of the importance of forming good living habits. It is the key to 21．you from being unhealthy. You need to rest, 22．and take part in open air activities. They also say a balanced diet is helpful to 23．being unhealthy. Besides, you need to stay in a good mood. Always think about your goals in life and how happy you are when you complete them.
【答案】
20．E
21．A
22．B
23．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚健康状态以及如何保持健康的身体状态。
20．
句意：医生经常告诉你要意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性。根据下文“It is the key to prevent you from being unhealthy”可知，要是意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性，这是防止你不健康的关键。be aware of意为“意识到”，符合句意，故选E。
21．
句意：这是防止你不健康的关键。根据上文“Doctors often tell you to be aware of the importance of forming good living habits”可知，要是意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性，这是防止你不健康的关键。prevent sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，符合句意，故选A。
22．
句意：你需要休息、锻炼和参加户外活动。根据前后文“rest … take part in open air activities”可知，此处是指“需要休息、锻炼和参加户外活动”等一系列动作。故选B。
23．
句意：他们还说均衡的饮食有助于避免不健康。根据上文“It is the key to prevent you from being unhealthy”可知，这是防止你不健康的关键，故此处指的是“他们还说均衡的饮食有助于避免不健康”。故选C。
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空(共5分)
24．So what’s going on, you sound ________ on the phone?（worry）
【答案】worried
【详解】
句意：怎么了？你在电话里听起来很担心。worry“使担心”，是动词；worried“担心的”，是形容词。sound是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，故填worried。
25．It’s a new story full of________, adventure and heroic characters.（act）
【答案】action
【详解】
句意：这是一个充满动作、冒险和英雄人物的新故事。act“行动、动作”，动词；be full of sth.“充满……”，因此此处应填入一个名词形式，与其所对应的名词是action，故填action。
26．His ________ were well written but his delivery was hopeless.（speech）
【答案】speeches
【详解】
句意：他的讲话写得很好，但他的演讲方式却令人绝望。谓语were是复数形式，因此主语用复数形式，speech的复数形式是speeches，故填speeches。
27．The yard's doors usually have weak locks and you can open them ________.（easy）
【答案】easily
【详解】
句意：院子的门通常都有不牢固的锁，你可以很容易地打开。easy adj.容易的。观察句子这里是修饰动词open“打开”，可知应该用其副词形式easily，故填easily。
28．The ________ thing to do is to give the stray dogs food and shelter.（one）
【答案】first
【详解】
句意：首先要做的是给流浪狗提供食物和住所。the+序数词+名词+to do sth表示“做某事的第几个……”，此处用one的序数词first，故填first。
四、划线部分提问(共1分)
29．It is one and a half hours’ drive from my home to Shanghai Disneyland.（对划线部分提问）
_________________ is it from your home to Shanghai Disneyland?
【答案】How far
【详解】
句意：从我家到上海迪士尼乐园有一个半小时的车程。根据划线部分是“one and a half hours’ drive ”可知，此处是提问距离，用how far来提问。故填How far。
五、改写句子(共2分)
30．Mrs. White told us to close all the windows before we left the lab. （改为反意疑问句）
Mrs. White told us to close all the windows before we left the lab, ________?
【答案】didn’t she
【详解】
句意：White夫人告诉我们离开实验室前关闭所有的窗户。本题要求改为反意疑问句，原句中谓语动词“told”是过去式形式，反意疑问句应用助动词did构成，根据“前肯后否”的原则，反意疑问句用否定形式didn’t；主语“Mrs. White”用人称代词she代替。故填didn’t; she。
31．Jack worked so hard that he could catch up with others in such a short time.（改为简单句）
Jack worked ____________ to catch up with others in such a short time.
【答案】hard enough
【详解】
句意：杰克学习如此努力，以至于他能在如此短的时间内赶上其他人。原句是“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句，可替换为“adv+enough+to do sth”结构，表示“杰克工作足够努力，在这么短的时间内就赶上了其他人。”故填hard enough。
六、同义句转化(共1分)
32．Did Professor Smith start any hobbies when he retired from the university?（保持句意基本不变）
Did Professor Smith ____________ any hobbies when he retired from the university?
【答案】take up
【详解】
句意：史密斯教授从大学退休后有什么爱好吗？start的意思是：开始；take up 是指开始从事某事情，此处可以互换。句中有助动词did，空处需用动词原形。故填take up。
七、将所给单词连成句子(共1分)
33．Jimmy, helping, teaches, parents, responsibility and independence, with housework（连词成句）
____________________________________________________.
【答案】Helping parents with housework teaches Jimmy responsibility and independence
【详解】
根据所给的标点可知应用陈述句形式，分析所给的单词，helping parents with housework是动名词短语作主语；teaches作谓语；Jimmy 作宾语；responsibility and independence作宾补。故答案为：Helping parents with housework teaches Jimmy responsibility and independence“帮助父母做家务能教会吉米责任感和独立性”。
八、阅读单选(共12分)
CIMON 2 is a floating computer assistant. It was sent to the International Space Station (ISS) on December 5th, 2019. It was designed to work there for three years to help astronauts.
Actually, the International Space Station is a science lab in space. Now there are six people there. Usually astronauts stay in the ISS for five or six months. Can you imagine how boring it is to live in a tight space with just five other people for six months?
So CIMON was created with two jobs in mind. One is helping astronauts with tasks. The other is trying to be "someone" astronauts can talk to. CIMON stands for Crew Interactive Mobile (互动移动) Companion. It is a robot with a face which was created by the European airplane company, Airbus. It has no arms or legs, but it can move where it needs to go with motors inside. Helping astronauts is easy for CIMON—it can see, hear, understand, and speak. Its "mouth" is a loudspeaker that can be used to talk or play music. The brain behind CIMON were provided by IBM, a computer company famous for training computers to understand human speech. CIMON can understand not just what people say, but what they mean. If astronauts ask it for instructions or information, CIMON can answer the astronauts, or use its screen to display pictures or documents, if needed. In addition, CIMON has several cameras, which can take pictures and videos to help astronauts keep records of experiments or other important actions.
The more difficult part of CIMON's job is being a companion for the astronauts. The first CIMON could understand what people were saying and mastered more than 1000 sentences, but it was limited. In one video, taken with German astronaut Alexander Gerst, CIMON seemed to become confused as Mr. Gerst spoke with another astronaut. "Don't be so mean, please," CIMON said.
CIMON 2 has been improved so that it can recognize emotions and find out how people are feeling. The goal for CIMON is to be a calm, trusted friend that astronauts can talk to when they don't want to talk with others. This could be especially important if tension (紧张气氛) in a group of astronauts causes them to stop thinking clearly.
34．CIMON 2 planned to stay in the International Space Station for _______.
A．five months B．six months C．three years D．two years
35．CIMON was created _______.
A．for Crew Interactive Mobile Companion B．for the European airplane company, Airbus
C．to do a lot of research of IBM D．to make friends with astronauts
36．CIMON is very intelligent, and it can do all the following things except _______.
A．moving here and there B．training computers to understand people
C．taking pictures and videos D．understanding what people are saying
37．The underlined word "companion" in the 4th paragraph means a friend who _______.
A．works and lives with astronauts B．has the similar tastes, interests, etc.
C．runs a company D．is responsible for astronauts
38．Compared with the first CIMON, CIMON 2 has the advantage of _______.
A．becoming confused with others' talk B．understanding people's feelings
C．having limited expressions D．keeping calm all the time
39．According to the last paragraph, creators hope that CIMON can _______.
A．float in space for a long time B．help astronauts with their tasks
C．use its "mouth" to talk or play music D．help people stay calm and make good decisions
【答案】
34．C
35．D
36．B
37．A
38．B
39．D
【分析】
文章介绍了一款太空机器人，实现协助宇航员工作和宇航员交流的功能。
34．
细节理解题。根据“It was designed to work there for three years to help astronauts.”可知，CIMON 2计划在空间站待三年，故选C。
35．
推理判断题。根据“The other is trying to be "someone" astronauts can talk to.”可知，它是努力成为宇航员可以交谈的“人”，也就是为了和宇航员交朋友，故选D。
36．
细节理解题。根据“The brain behind CIMON were provided by IBM, a computer company famous for training computers to understand human speech.”可知，是IBM训练电脑理解人们，而不是CIMON，故选B。
37．
推理判断题。根据“The first CIMON could understand what people were saying and mastered more than 1000 sentences”并结合全文介绍了这个机器人需要帮助宇航员工作并和宇航员说话，可推测，CIMON是一个能够和宇航员工作和生活的伙伴，所以“companion”指的是和宇航员工作和生活，故选A。
38．
细节理解题。根据“CIMON 2 has been improved so that it can recognize emotions and find out how people are feeling.”可知，CIMON 2相较于第一代能够理解人们的感情，可以识别情绪并找出人们的感受，故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据“This could be especially important if tension (紧张气氛) in a group of astronauts causes them to stop thinking clearly.”可知，CIMON的目标是帮助人们保持冷静并作出正确的决策，故选D。
九、完型填空(共12分)
选择最恰当的单词完成短文
Amy and Susan both live an average life. They have an average house, an average job and an average family. There is really nothing 40 about their lives, but there is also nothing really negative (负面的) about their lives.
However, when they are both happy, it always seems that Amy is happier than Susan. It looks like nothing can 41 Amy. She is the life of the party and always has a big smile on her face.
Susan can't stop thinking about this. How is Amy so happy when they both lead such 42 lives? They go to the same stores, watch the same movies, and even have the same schedules! How can Amy be so carefree when life is so stressful?
Between one's daily life and personal dreams, there is no way one can be so happy and stress free all the time. There are always a million things going on.
But when Susan asks Amy about this, Amy says, "I just take life as it comes. It seems pretty easy then."
So what is the 43 between these two friends? How is it that Amy's life seems so much better most of the time?
The problem with Susan is that she spreads herself too thin(试图同时干太多的工作). Not 44 , but in her own head. But although Amy tries to do everything at once and think about everything at once, she takes everything one step 45 . She is where she is, stays present in the moment and allows herself to focus on just one thing.
When you live each moment to its fullest, when you deal with where you are and are present in the now, most of your stress will go away.
40．A．boring B．common C．special D．disappointing
41．A．attract B．trouble C．change D．encourage
42．A．similar B．successful C．traditional D．wonderful
43．A．link B．relationship C．contact D．difference
44．A．physically B．rarely C．correctly D．suddenly
45．A．on time B．for the time being C．at a time D．from time to time
【答案】
40．C
41．B
42．A
43．D
44．A
45．C
【分析】
本文主要讲了两个人过着相似的生活，但一个总比另一个看着更快乐，原因在于如果每一刻你过得很充实的，循序渐进的做事情，你的大部分压力都会消失。
40．
句意：他们的生活真的没有什么特别之处，但他们的生活也没有什么真正的负面的东西。
boring无聊的；common普通的；special特别的；disappointing令人失望的。根据上文“Amy and Susan both live an average life. They have an average house, an average job and an average family.” 艾米和苏珊都过着普通的生活。他们有普通的房子，普通的工作和普通的家庭。由此推断，她们的生活没有什么特别的，故选C。
41．
句意：看来没有什么能困扰艾米。
attract吸引；trouble麻烦；change改变；encourage鼓励。根据上文“when they are both happy, it always seems that Amy is happier than Susan.” 当他们都快乐的时候，艾米似乎总是比苏珊更快乐。和下文“She is the life of the party and always has a big smile on her face.” 她是晚会的主角，脸上总是挂着灿烂的笑容。由此推断艾米很快乐，好像没有什么能麻烦到她。故选B。
42．
句意：当他们都过着相似的生活时，艾米怎么会这么高兴？
similar相似的；successful成功的；traditional传统的；wonderful精彩的。根据下文“They go to the same stores, watch the same movies, and even have the same schedules! ”他们去相同的商店，看相同的电影，甚至有相同的时间表！由此推断他们过着相似的生活，故选A。
43．
句意：那么这两个朋友有什么区别呢？
link连接；relationship关系；contact联系；difference差别。根据上文“How is Amy so happy when they both lead such … lives?” 当他们都过着相似的生活时，艾米怎么会这么高兴？由此推断两个生活很相似的人，到底是什么不同之处，导致他们有不同的感受呢？故选D。
44．
句意：不是身体上的，而是在她自己的脑子里。
physically肉体上地；rarely罕有地；correctly正确地；suddenly突然地。根据“but in her own head”而是在她自己的头脑里，可知和“头脑”相对应的是“身体上的”，故选A。
45．
句意：但是，虽然艾米尽力同时做一切事情，同时思考每件事，但她循序渐进地、一步一个脚印做事情。
on time按时；for the time being暂时，目前；at a time每次，一次；from time to time不时地，偶尔。根据上文“The problem with Susan is that she spreads herself too thin” 苏珊的问题是试图同时干太多的工作。“But although Amy …,”由转折词，可推断和苏珊不同的是，艾米有步骤地做事情。固定短语one step at a time意为“一步一个脚印”，故选C。
十、短文汉语提示填空(共14分)
Five tips for less plastic
The world has a plastic problem and it is increasing. Scientists are working to find a long-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable（可生物降解的）. But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to r46． plastic waste now.
1.Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. People use a trillion plastic bags worldwide every year. About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day, but the a47． Dane（丹麦人）uses four single-use bags per year. In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax on plastic bags. Today, other countries（such as Chile, Kenya and New Zealand）either make customers pay for plastic bags, or have banned（禁止）them c48．.
2.Skip the straw. Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say “no”to the reusable straw, or bring your own reusable one. In 2018, Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws and many other cities are set to follow its e49．.
3.Don’t use plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any t50． of drink you like. Some cities have already banned bottled water. However, people still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute in the world.
4.A51． plastic packaging. Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. In the U.K, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic take-out containers.
5.Recycle. We can’t recycle all plastic items, but it is p52． to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottles. How? Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund of up to 2.5 kroner（32 cents）per bottle.
【答案】
46．reduce
47．average
48．completely
49．example
50．type
51．Avoid
52．possible
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了减少或降低使用塑料的五条建议。
46．
句意：但与此同时，现在你可以做五件事来减少塑料垃圾。根据下文“Stop using plastic bags；Skip the straw；Don’t use plastic bottles；Avoid plastic packaging…”可知这些都是减少使用塑料的建议，结合首字母提示，reduce“减少、降低”，动词，符合题意，故填reduce。
47．
句意：这几乎相当于每个美国人每天使用一个塑料袋，但丹麦人每年平均每个人使用四个一次性塑料袋。根据“That’s almost one bag per American per day”，结合“but the … Dane（丹麦人）uses four single-use bags per year.”及首字母提示，可知丹麦人每年平均每个人使用四个一次性塑料袋。average“平均”，符合题意，故填average。
48．
句意：今天，其他国家(如智利、肯尼亚和新西兰)要么让顾客为塑料袋付费，要么完全禁止使用塑料袋。根据“have banned（禁止）them … .”可知设空处修饰前面的谓语动词，因此应填入一个副词形式，结合首字母提示，completely“完全地、彻底地”，符合题意，故填completely。
49．
句意：2018年，西雅图成为美国第一个禁止使用塑料吸管的大城市，许多其他城市也准备效仿。根据“Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws”，结合“and many other cities are set to follow its … .”设空处前面有its修饰，可知此处应填入一个名词形式，结合语境及首字母提示，example“例子、榜样”，符合题意，故填example。
50．
句意：买一个可重复使用的瓶子，装上你喜欢的任何类型的饮料。根据“Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any … of drink you like.”结合首字母提示，可知是买一个可重复使用的瓶子，里面可以装上你喜欢的任何类型的饮料，any type of drink“任何类型的饮料”，故填type。
51．
句意：避免塑料包装。根据下文“Buy bar soap instead of liquid soap in plastic containers. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging.”结合“… plastic packaging.”及首字母提示，可知是避免使用塑料包装，avoid“避免”，动词，符合题意，因其位于句首，首字母要大写，故填Avoid。
52．
句意：我们不能回收所有的塑料物品，但可以回收大多数瓶子和牛奶或果汁盒。根据“We can’t recycle all plastic items”，结合转折词but，以及首字母提示，可知我们可以回收大多数瓶子和牛奶或果汁盒。possible“可能的”，形容词，符合题意，it is+形容词+to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是……的”，故填possible。
十一、多任务混合阅读(共12分)
Cody liked the freedom that came with his first summer job. He worked at Mitchell’s Farm where people could come and pick the corn, berries and tomatoes out in the fields themselves. Then they’d bring their produce to checkout stand, where Cody would weigh it and charge (收费) the appropriate price. Mr and Mrs. Mitchell were usually busy somewhere else, so Cody was trusted to manage the stand by himself.
For the most part, Cody obeyed the Mitchell’s rules. When someone asked for a discount or a sample, Cody said no. But he did sometimes change the rules for friends, much to their delight.
“Go ahead, taste a few berries before I weigh,” he’d say when it was someone he knew. It was against the rules to eat something before you bought it, but everyone wanted to.
One day, a man came to stand with a basket of corn he had picked. Cody weighed the ears of corn and told the man how much it cost. The man looked confused.
“But I was here yesterday, and you told someone that for every five ears you buy, you get one free,” he said.
Cody had it in his memory. He had indeed offered that deal to the Thomases, who happened to be his neighbors. Now he felt sad about it. He saw Mrs Mitchell working close by. How was Cody going to explain that he had given a deal to those he knew while he made everyone else pay full price?
The man saw that Cody was looking at Mrs Mitchell, “Is that the owner? May I speak to her?” he asked.
Cody thought about offering the man the same discount, but there were people in line behind him, and they were carrying corn, too. Cody hung his head and walked over to seen Mrs. Mitchel.
53．Where did Cody work?
_______________________________________________________
54．What’s Cody’s work at Mitchell’s Farm?
His work was to ________________________________________________.
55．Cody obeyed the Mitchell’s rules all the time, didn’t he?
_____ , _________________________________________________.
56．What does “someone” refer to?
Here “someone” refers to _______________________________________.
57．How did the man know Mrs. Mitchell was the owner?
______________________________________________________________.
58．What would Cody do after walking over to see Mrs Mitchell? Why?
_______________________________________________________________.
【答案】
53．(He worked at) /At Mitchell’s Farm
54．weigh their produce and charge the appropriate price
55． No he didn’t
56．The Thomases/Cody’s (His) neighbors
57．By seeing Cody looking at Mrs Mitchell
58．Cody/He would explain what had happened and apologize to Mrs. Mitchell. Because he (had) realized he was wrong/ he made mistakes.
【分析】
本文主要讲述了科迪在在米切尔的农场工作时发生的事情。
53．
根据“ He worked at Mitchell’s Farm ...”可知，科迪在米切尔的农场工作。故填(He worked at) /At Mitchell’s Farm.
54．
根据“Then they’d bring their produce to checkout stand, where Cody would weigh it and charge (收费) the appropriate price... so Cody was trusted to manage the stand by himself”可知，科迪的工作是负责称重他们的产品，并收取适当的价格。故填weigh their produce and charge the appropriat e price。
55．
根据“For the most part, Cody obeyed the Mitchell’s rules...But he did sometimes change the rules for friends, much to their delight”可知，科迪在很大程度上遵守了米切尔夫妇的规则，但是有时会为他的朋友们改变规则，所以他没有一直遵守规则。故填No, he didn’t。
56．
根据“He had indeed offered that deal to the Thomases, who happened to be his neighbors”可知，划线词汇someone指的是the Thomases（他的邻居）。故填The Thomases/Cody’s (His) neighbors。
57．
根据“The man saw that Cody was looking at Mrs Mitchell, “Is that the owner? May I speak to her?” he asked.”可知，男人是看到科迪在看米切尔女士才判断她是主人。故填By seeing Cody looking at Mrs Mitchell.
58．
根据上文“How was Cody going to explain that he had given a deal to those he knew while he made everyone else pay full price?”可知，科迪擅自给认识的人特殊待遇，却让其他人都付全价，而米切尔夫人此刻就在跟前，他无法回应这个顾客，由此推断，他意识到了自己的错误，所以去找米切尔夫人解释，并为自己犯的错道歉。故填Cody/He would explain what had happened and apologize to Mrs. Mitchell. Because he (had) realized he was wrong/ he made mistakes.
十二、电子邮件(共17分)
59．(本题17分) 根据中文和英文提示，用英文写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的邮件。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
假如你叫李华，你们学校为配合北京申办冬奥会，倡导人人都做文明中学生。请你根据以下提示，给你的英国笔友Peter写一封邮件，告诉他你认为做个文明中学生什么是重要的，你通常是怎么做的，以及你的感受。
提示词语respect, say hello to, wait in line
1.What is important for a middle school student? (Being polite to other? Following rule? …)
2. What do you usually do?
3. How do you feel?
Dear Peter,
How is it going? At my school we’re talking about what we should do to be a good student. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anything new at your school?
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文：
Dear Peter,
How is it going? At my school we are talking about what we should do to be a good student.
To be a polite middle school student, I think we have to do a lot of things. First, it’s important for us to speak politely. We must respect the others. Second, we can’t throw rubbish everywhere. We must throw them in the rubbish bins. Littering is not a good habit. Every time I go to the park, I always pick up the litter and put it into the bin. I think if we all do so, the world will be cleaner. Another important thing is that we must follow the rules. There is no doubt that waiting in line is the important rule. I never rush into the bus. Waiting may be a happy thing. I often feel happy when I do something that is better for us. I think being a polite middle school student is proud.
Anything new at your school?
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。作文内容围绕你认为做个文明中学生什么是重要的，你通常是怎么做的，以及你的感受三个方面展开描写。
2.写作指导：本文用第一人称来写作，时态采用一般现在时为主，短文的开头和结尾已经给出，在中内容具体说明做个文明中学生哪些事情是重要的；自己通常怎么做一名文明学生；以及自己做一名文明学生的感受。叙述完整，条理清晰。
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