牛津上海版九年级上册 一般过去+现在完成时讲解及练习（有答案）

一般过去&现在完成时
知识点1：基本结构：
一般过去时：主语 + V-ed（动词的过去式）We went to Changfeng Park yesterday.
现在完成时：主语 + have / has + -ed分词(过去分词) We have been to Changfeng Park.
知识点2. 用法比较：
1）一般过去时：
a. 过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作。
b．过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，句中常含有如yesterday之类的表示过去的时间状语。
2) 现在完成时：
a. 而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
b. 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，重点是强调现在的是影响。
知识点3．时间状语：
1）一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, （具体的时间状语）
2）现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
before (以前)
知识点4．动词搭配：
1）现在完成时中有瞬间动词和延续性动词的区分：
瞬间动词：come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married 等后面不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语。
延续性动词：live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
[说明] “终止”、“延续”要转换：英语中的动词从词义上可以分为延续性和非延续性（瞬间动词）两种，在现在完成时态中一定要注意动词这一特性，当句中含有一段时间状语时应将这类瞬间动词转换为延续性动词。
例如： The film has begun. → The film has been on for an hour.
He has gone. → He has been away for ten minutes.
2）一般过去时中不存在瞬间动词和延续性动词的区分：
I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）　

Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了。）　
Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）　

She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。
She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。　

He has been in the League for three years.(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.　( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)
[强调] 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，一般不使用现在完成时，而要用过去时。
　 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
　 （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.


专题精讲
1. It ______Yang Liwei about 21 hours ______ the earth 14 times in his spaceship.
A. spent; circling B. took; traveling C. spent; to travel D. took; to circle

答案：D
【析】此题句型结构为It takes sb. st. to do sth. 意为做某件事情花费某人多少时间。

2. -----Your phone number again? I ______ quite catch it. ----- It’s 69568442.
A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t

答案：A
【析】本句虽然没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。

3. He said he ________ me a present unless I __________ in doing the experiment.
A. had not given; had not succeeded B. would not give; succeed
C. will not give; succeed D. would not give; will succeed

答案：B
【析】在时间，条件或让步状语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有He said,故为过去式。主句用将来时，故选

4. ---- What a nice bike! How long ___________ you ____________ it?
---- Just two weeks.
A. will; buy B. did; buy
C. are; having D. have; had

答案：D
【析】此题考查现在完成时的用法，buy是非延续性动词，因题中有表示延续意义的时间how long,所以要把buy转换成have.



5. ---- Do you know our town at all?
---- No, this is the first time I ____________ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

答案：B
【析】This is the first time后面所加从句应为现在完成时.

6. ---- Have you _____________ been to our town before?
---- No, it’s the first time I _______________ here.
A. even; come B. even; have come C. ever; come D. ever; have come

答案：D
【析】ever意为曾经或无论何时，反义词为never，这两个词长用于完成时中。
This is the largest fish I have ever seen.
It is /was the first time+ that clause的句型中，从句要用完成时。

7. A: I have received his letter for a month. (T /F )
B: I haven’t received his letter for almost a month. (T/F )

答案：F T
【析】非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生地状态是可持续的。

8. ----May I go to play tennis with you, Dad?
----_____________ you ______________ your composition yet?
A. Are; finishing B. Did; finish
C. Will; finish D. Have; finished

答案：D
【析】yet 是现在完成时一般疑问句和否定句的常用标志.

9. You don’t need to describe her. I _____________ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet

答案：B
【析】首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times 告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。

10. ---- I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
---- Oh, not at all. I ______________ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

答案：A
【析】等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。



专题过关
I 选择
1. The two __________in the same class last year.
A. are　 B. was 　 C. were D. be
2. ----Where ______ you______? ----I went to buy some food for supper.
A. are … go 　 B. did … go　 C. do … go D. will … go
3. ----Why _______ she _______ angry? ----Because he _____ at her just now.
A. did… get, shouted B. has…got…shouted C. did… get… has shouted D. has…got…has shouted
4. __________ that worker __________in a shoe factory a year ago?
A. Do, work　 B. Did, worked　 C. Did, work D. Does work
5. _____ you ______ the film before? Where ____ you _____ it?
A. Have… seen… did… see B. Did…see…die…watch
C. Have…seen… have… seen D. Did…see…have…seen

6. __________your mother __________to work last Saturday?
A. Did, go 　 B. Do, go 　 C. Does, go D. Has, gone
7. They__________ not late the day before yesterday.
A. did　 B. were C. are D. do
8. __________ they away from school last October?
A. Did　 B. Were　 C. Do D. Are
9. You _____ me waiting for two hours. I _____ for you since five.
A. kept…waited B. have kept…waited C. kept…have waited D. have kept…have waited
10. ----_____you _____ the text yet? ----Yes, we _____ it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…did B. Have… copied…have C. Have… copied… did D. Did …copy…had

11. I _____ that you _____ good care of her that day.
A. thought…will take B. thought…would take C. think… will take D. think… would take
12. The boys__________ only two subjects last term, but this term they__________ five.
A. have, have　 B. had, had　 C. had, have D. have had, have
13. Mother ____ me a new coat yesterday. I _____ it on. It fits me well.
A. has made…have tried B. made…have tried C. has made…tried D. made…tried
14. They stopped here because they__________ the way to the station.
A. didn’t know B. don’t know C. will know D. weren’t known
15. ---Where __________ you find your ticket? ----I __________it on the ground.
A. did, found　 B. do, found C. were, find D. did, find

16. Was he at work ______?
A. now B. next week C. next Sunday D. yesterday
17. ----He ____ to draw horses already. ----When ____he? ----Last year.
A. learned…has B. learned…did C. has learned…has D. has learned…did
18. ----I have seen the film “Titanic”.
----When __________ you __________ it？
----The day before yesterday.
A. have； seen B. will； see C. did； see D. did； seen
19. Mr. Black __________ in China since five years ago.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live
20. We ____________ trees last Sunday. So far we __________ over 3，000 trees there.
A. planted；planted B. planted；have planted
C. have planted；planted D. have planted；have planted

II填空
1. Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）
Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.
2. He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑问句)
_______ he ________ _________ meat in the fridge?
3. She stayed there for a month.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ _____ she _____ there?
4. There was some tea in the cup.（变一般疑问句)
_____ there _____ tea in the cup?
5. I did some reading last night.(改为一般疑问句)
_____ you _____ ______ reading last night?

6. Han Meimei didn’t fly a kite, either.(变为肯定句)
Han Meimei ____ a kite ______.
7. Miss Gao taught us maths last term. （对划线部分提问）
_____ _____ _____ ______ last term?
8. They found a bird in the tree yesterday.（改为反义疑问句）
They found a bird in the tree yesterday, _________　_______?
9. My mother had porridge for breakfast this morning. （改否定句）
My mother _____ _______porridge for breakfast this morning.
10.They cleaned the house last Saturday（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ they ______ last Saturday?

Keys for reference:
I 1-5 CBACA 6-10 ABBDC 11-15 BCDAA 16-20DDCBB
II 1. didn’t do 2. Did find any 3. How long did stay
4. Is any 5. Did do any 6. flew too
7. Who taught you maths 8. didn't they
9 didn’t have 10.What did they do


课堂练习：
1. Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________ what's happened to him.
A. knew       B. have known    C. must know     D. will know
2. He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he?
A. already           B. never             C. ever               D. still
3. Have you met Mr. Li ______?
A. just now           B. ago        C. before       D. a moment ago
4. The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years.
A. is writing    B. was writing      C. wrote        D. has written
5. ----Our country ______ a lot so far. ----Yes. I hope it will be even ______.
A. has changed; well         B. changed; good C. has changed; better                D. changed; better
6. Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.
A. was; studying          B. will; study C. has; studied       D. are; studying
7. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
A. know      B. had known      C. have known        D. knew
8. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice
A. will see     B. have seen        C. saw             D. see
9. ----These farmers have been to the United States. ----Really? When _____ there?
A. will they go        B. did they go C. do they go              D. have they gone
10. ----______ you ___ your homework yet? ----Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
A. Did; do; finished         B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have finished     D. will; do; finish
11. His father ______ the Party since 1978.
A. joined    B. has joined     C. was in     D. has been in
12. ----Do you know him well?
----Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago.
A. were    B. have been       C. have become       D. have made
13. ----How long have you ____ here?
----About two months.
A. been     B. gone           C. come          D. arrived

14. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes.
A. has begun           B. had begun C. has been on        D. began
15. It _____ ten years since he left the army.
A. is           B. has            C. will           D. was
16. Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.
A. has gone     B. went        C. will go          D. has been
17. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in            B. have been to C. have gone to           D. have been
18. The students have cleaned the classroom,       ?
 A. so they      B. don’t they      C. have they     D. haven’t they
19.        has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he       to China?
A. How soon, comes     B. How often, got   C. How long, came                  D. How far, arrived
20. His uncle        for more than 9 years.
A. has come here          B. has started to work C. has lived there         D. has left the university

参考答案：
1. B这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
2. C现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。
3. C
4. D现在完成时常与recently（近来），so  far（到目前为止），in  the  past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。
5. C
6. C现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C。
7. C
8. B现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three  times（三次），several  times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。
9. B现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last  week , a  moment  ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。
10. B
11. A现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。
12. B   
13. A    
14. C    
15. A。
16.A“have/has  gone  to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has  been  in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has  been  to  +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。
17. A   
18. D    
19. C    
20. C