牛津上海版九年级上册 Unit7 Escaping from kidnappers语法综合（形容词）讲解及练习

U7 Escaping from kidnappers语法综合（形容词用法）一、专题导入课文内容对应语法点课文例句Adjectives before nouns形容词作定语He was a plump, middle-aged man.Adjectives after verbs形容词作表语She looks happy.Adjectives with It is and to + verb形容词用于It句型It is easy to draw cartoons.Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed -ing和-ed结尾的形容词This cartoon looks exciting!I’m not interested. 二、专题详解◆同步知识1. 形容词作定语形容词作定语时，置于名词前是最常见的一种用法。形容词作定语，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前和不定代词之后。E.g. China has a long history. 中国历史悠久。Would you like anything else? 你要点别的什么吗？本单元，我们重点学习描述人的形容词作定语：外貌hairlong, black, blond, gray, curly(卷曲的), ponytail(马尾辫), crew cut( 平头), bald(秃头的）eyesRound, small, smiling, brightnosestraight, flat, broad, narrow, short, aquiline nose( 鹰钩鼻)facesmooth, bony(瘦骨的), sunken(凹陷), swollen (肿胀的),socket or dimple ( 酒窝), square,oval-shaped (face)(瓜子脸)figurechubby (圆胖的), plump (丰满), fat, overweight, thin, skinny(皮包骨), muscular(肌肉发达的), massive(魁梧的), long and slim(修长而苗条), tall, short, average height(中等身高), medium height, thick-set (矮而胖), dwarfish (矮小)appearancebeautiful, pretty, nice, lovely, peaceful, charming, attractive, lean, fat, handsome, good-looking, plain, well dressed, neatly dressed, scruffily dressed性格outgoing, active, shy, polite, well-educated, friendly, mild, kind-hearted, careful, modest, honest, sincere, loyal, responsible, independent, forceful, frank, ambitious, confident, creative, adaptable, aggressive, efficient, energetic, humorous 2. 形容词作表语系动词后可接形容词作表语。初中阶段，我们接触的系动词及常用法如下：状态系动词：be + adj./n./pron...感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel + adj.变化系动词：go, get, become, turn, grow + adj.持续系动词：stay, remain, keep +adj.表象系动词：seem, (appear)终止系动词：turn out, proveE.g. The service in this restaurant seems fast.这个饭店的服务速度很快。The music sounds nice.这首音乐听起来很优美。  注意：有些形容词只能作表语，这类形容词有：  a-开头：asleep,awake,alive,alone, aware, afraid  表健康状况：fine, ill, well  表感觉/心情：glad, sorry  E.g. Don’t be afraid. 别害怕。     The baby is asleep. 宝宝睡着了。 3. 形容词用于It is...句型  不定式作主语时，为平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，会用It作形式主语，构成如下句式：  It is + adj + to do sth. 译为：“做某事怎么样”  E.g. It is nice to live in a new flat.     It is difficult to finish the project by myself.  注意：该句式还可以写成It is/was +adj+for sb/of sb. to do sth. 译为：“对于某人来说做某事怎么样/某人做某事怎么样”  E.g. It was difficult for me to speak English fluently when I was a junior high school student.   It is very nice of you to help me correct the mistakes. 4. -ing和-ed结尾的形容词  关于-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别，我们很容易陷入误区。  误区：通常，我们会说：-ing形容词用来形容物，表示“（物）令人…”；-ed形容词用来形容人，表示“（人）感到…”。此说法在很多情况下是可行的，但表述欠准确，有时做起题来还可能会因此掉入命题人的陷阱，如：
  _____ do you think of your English teacher? Is he _______?
  A. What, interesting      B. What, interested      C. How, interesting       D. How, interested
解析：此题考查两方面的知识点：一是考查what do you think of…与how do you like…的用法区别；二是考查interesting与interested的用法区别。若套用以上关于-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别，则可能将答案锁定为D。但是错了，此题的最佳答案应是A。正解：(1) 以-ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, surprised,  worried等) 通常用于说明人，若出现修饰物的情况，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。如：He had a delighted smile on his face. 他脸上露出了愉快的微笑。He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他声音很激动地告诉了我这个消息。解析：第一句中的a delighted smile 意为“愉快的微笑”，它指的是某人因感到愉快发出的微笑；第  二句中的 a very excited voice 指的是“很激动的声音”，即指的是某人因很激动而发生那样的声音。由上可见，-ed 形容词通常用于说明人，若修饰事物，则多为appearance(外貌), cry(哭声), face(表情), voice(声音), mood(情绪)等显示某人的情感状况的名词。
(2) 以-ing 结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying 等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。如：
The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
请再比较体会以下句子，并翻译：
He is frightened. 他很害怕。      He is frightening. 他很吓人。
He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。
He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。
I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。
I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。 ◆扩展知识形容词知识框架复习：完成以下思维导图(教师版注：清晰打印版见文件夹中emmx.格式资料，关键知识点挖空让学生补全。)课堂练习 I. Choose the best answer. (选择正确的答案填空)1. It was at the party that Simon fell in love with a ________ young woman at first sight.A. kindly   B. sweetly   C. lovely     D. carefully2. Tea is _____ drink in the world besides water.  A. popular      B. more popular    C. most popular        D. the most popular3. Wolf- Warriors II (战狼) was _______ popular than any other movie in China last year.A. many         B. much           C. most               D. more4. The robot can do a lot of things for people. It is ______ one that I have ever seen.  A. intelligent  B. more intelligent  C. most intelligent      D. the most intelligent5. The mess along the river has been cleaned up, so the river no longer smells ______.A.badly            B. bad            C. good              D.well6. Steven asked the taxi driver to driver a little ______ because he had to catch the last train.A. quickly         B. the most quickly   C.more quickly       D. less quickly7. Alice completed the maths test much ____ than her deskmate yesterday.  A. carefully     B. more carefully    C. most carefully       D. the most carefully8. Sometimes my daughter seems ____, but in fact she feels a little sad.  A. happily   B. unhappily   C. happiness   D. happy9. Jane felt much ____ after she told her worries to her close friend.  A. good       B. better     C. best         D. the best10. The comic strips should be full of action to keep the readers ______.  A. interests    B. interesting  C. interested   D. interest11. This is one of _____ robots I have ever seen.A. more intelligent    B. the most intelligent C. much more intelligent   D. intelligent12. I felt quite ______ when I came here for the first time.A. happily      B. luckily    C. excitedly       D. lonely13. At night, it’s __________ on the farm than it is in the city.A. dark               B. darker           C. darkest            D. the darkest14. it’s much        to carry the computers around as they are becoming smaller and smaller.A. easy         B. easier        C. easiest      D. the easiest15. We feel so proud that our country has developed       than before.A. quick       B. quickly     C. more quickly    D. most quickly16. Thanks to the high technology, computers can be _______ than doctors at doing their job.A. good               B. well           C. better           D. best17. This is _______ robot I have ever seen in the Robert Exhibition.A. intelligent          B. more intelligent   C. most intelligent    D. the most intelligent18. Diana felt ______ at the sight of Justin Bieber, and she was eager to get his autograph（亲笔签名）.  A. happily     B. bored   C. happy    D. politely19. The film Wolf Warriors（战狼）is ______ film that I’ve ever seen.  A. exciting        B. more exciting     C. most exciting  D. the most exciting20.Mobile phones are very popular now and they are ________ than before.A. cheap       B. more cheaper  C. much cheaper  D. the cheapest21. The music my cousin has just played sounds really ______. I enjoyed every minute of it.A. beautifully   B. well    C. wonderful   D. gently22.After so many experiments, Susan was finally awarded ______ scientist of the year.A. creative  B. more creative     C. most creative   D. the most creative23. The manager voice sounded _______ on the phone. He offered to show us around the company.  A. softly     B. friendly        C. gently       D. seriously24. Air pollution is becoming ________ than ever before, so many families prefer to buy electric cars.A. serious     B. more serious    C. more seriously      D. the most seriousII． Fill in the blanks with the words given in their proper forms（用所给词的正确形式填空）1. The Internet is becoming more __________ available across the world. (wide)2. Tom's mother is a waitress. She always speaks __________ to her customers. (gentle)3. When it's raining __________ outside, the streets usually become much busier. (heavy) 4. I felt I was doing well and my __________ began to grow. (confident) 5. Some fish in the ocean can grow to a __________ of four feet. (long)6. If you are so __________, why don’t you tell your friend your feeling? (happy)7. It is __________ for people to fly to Mars in a solar-powered plane now. (possible)8. Tom was so __________ that he made many mistakes in his project. (careful)9. Carl did badly in the maths test, but Ben did even __________. (bad)10. The computer __________ people to communicate with each other more conveniently. (able)11. My grandpa is getting so __________ – I have to remind him to take his medicine. (forget)12. Mr. Smith is still very __________ although he is already in his seventies.  (act) 课后作业 Reading comprehensionA. Choose the best answer Imagine this situation: You go out to your backyard, and you see a bear smelling your garbage can. Or you go into your garage to get your bike and find a bear in there. What should you do? People in some parts of Florida think about these situations a lot. They have been running into black bears more and more often. This is frightening and dangerous for both bears and people. The number of cases of people and bears running into each other has gone up. In 1978, just one case was reported. In 2002, 1,340 cases were reported. These cases are called “conflicts”. Studies show that the number of conflicts in Florida is going up. Some people think that human-bear conflicts are going up in Florida because there are more and more bears. Actually, it’s just the opposite. The number of bears is going down. In the early 1900s, there were about 12,000 black bears in Florida. Today, no one is really sure how many black bears are left. People think the number is from 1,500 to 3,000. So why are human-bear conflicts increasing so rapidly? There aren’t more bears, but there are more people. There are many people who want to protect the Florida black bear. Here are some of the things that people in Florida are doing:         Teaching school children about the Florida black bear with a special program that includes a slide-show, games, and activities.         Selecting carefully where roads are built or widened so that wild animals will not be harmed by the traffic.         Holding a yearly festival for families with arts, food, and information on the bear.69. Where do black bears live? A. In the backyard.       B. In the garage. C. In thick woods.       D. In the house.70. How do people feel when they run into a bear? A. Excited.   B. Frightened.   C. Lucky.    D. Sorry.71. What does “conflicts” in the second paragraph mean? A. Bears living in Florida in 2002. B. Studies of black bears in Florida. C. Fights between people and black bears. D. Cases of people and bears running into each other.72. Why are human-bear conflicts going up in Florida? A. Because there are more people. B. Because the bears there are hungry. C. Because people are doing harm to bears. D. Because the number of bears is going up.73. How many black bears were living in Florida in the early 1900s? A. About 1,340.       B. About 1,500. C. About 3,000.       D. About 12,000.74. To protect black bears, people in Florida are ______. A. watching children play games B. building new homes for black bears C. trying to learn more about black bears D. giving black bears more food and living space B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage Harry Smith is a police officer in the town where he grew up. His town is called Bergen. Harry has loved living in Bergen since he was a boy. He has never thought of leaving. When it was time for young Harry to __75__ what job he wanted as an adult, there was never a doubt in his mind. Harry had a desire to help people in his community, and he felt that there was no __76__ way to meet his desire than to become a police officer. When Harry is working on duty, he walks around a certain neighborhood. Part of his job is certainly watching out for people trying to cause trouble. __77__, Harry also says that he thinks he has a much bigger, more important job too. “When I am out in the neighborhood, I have to get to know people and get to be known by them,” he says. “People of Bergen should __78__ me, and I have to show them that they can.” Harry believes that he needs everyone’s support to do his job well. He says, “We’re all really working together to make sure the area is safe.” Harry has to catch a bad guy every now and again, though. When he feels there is “probable cause” for him to catch someone in a certain situation, he will take __79__. Probable cause means that, as a police officer, he feels there is a good reason to believe a person has done something bad. In other words, Harry cannot __80__ catch anyone he wants. He will have to explain to someone why he did so.75. A. wake up   B. find out   C. pick up   D. look for76. A. better    B. easier    C. harder    D. happier77. A. Instead   B. Honestly   C. However   D. Luckily78. A. forget    B. respect    C. remember   D. trust79. A. time    B. place    C. action    D. care80. A. certainly   B. simply    C. hardly    D. likely C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words When Crag was 12, he started a group that helped kids all over the world. The group is still going strong. In seventh grade he learned something that made him a__81__. It was about the life of a boy in the country of Pakistan. When the boy was four years old, he was sent to work in a factory. He worked 12 hours a day, 6 days a week. He could not go to school. He could not e__82__ play. He had no freedom at all. Crag wanted to help those who didn’t have the same advantages as he and his friends. As a result, Crag and some friends started Free The Children. They decided that Free The Children should r__83__ money to build schools. Crag hoped that learning would help poor kids live better. He also hoped they would learn the outside world. Today, Crag’s charity has more than one million members in 45 countries. M__84__ of them are kids. The money they have got has done many good things. It has helped build more than 500 schools around the world. They worked with Oprah Winfrey to pay for the school. It also pays for h__85__ care in poor communities. With the money, many sick kids can go to hospital in time. Crag has achieved a lot of s__86__. However, he still remembers his start in seventh grade. “We were laughed at by other kids, who said we couldn’t c__87__ things,” he says. Still, Crag didn’t give up. Now he wants more kids to help. “Go to freethechildren.com. Bring it to your teachers,” he said. “As you gain more confidence, friends will join you. It just gets easier.”  参考答案 课堂练习1-5 CDDDB  6-10CBDBA   11-15BDBBC  16-20CDCDC  21-24CDBBII. 1.widely  2.gently  3.heavily  4.confidence  5.length  6.unhappy  7.impossible  8.careless  9.worse  10.enable  11.forgetful  12.active 课后作业I. 略II. 26.D  27.C  28.A  29.B  30.B  31.A  32.C  33.D  34.B  35.D  36.B  37.C  38.D  39.C  40.A   41.B   42A   43.B   44.D   45.CⅢ. 46.C  47.E   48.A   49.B   50.D   51.A   52.E    53.BIV. 54 dishes  55.us  56. twice  57. weight  58. difference 59. heavily  60.solve thankfulV. 62 Did go   63. How often   64. too to   65 be used 66  said sorry  67 had done68. Andy wants to write an article on detectives for the school newspaper.VIA.69.C   70.B   71.D   72.A   73.D   74.CB.75.B   76.A   77.C   78.D   79.C   80.BC.81. angry 82. even 83. raise 84. Most 85. health 86. success 87. changeD.88. A grain of corn.89. To keep the corn for himself. /Because he was afraid someone would take the corn from him.90. No. he wasn't.91. She saw the ant crying for help in the water.92. By giving the boy a hard bite.93. Even a small person can do something for great person. /You can do something great for others even if you are small and weak /Every person can be helpful to someone out there in some way Everyone can be helpful to others no matter who he is.