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- Unit1 People of achievement 单元复习训练--人教版（2019）英语选择性必修第一册 试卷 1 次下载
- Unit1 People of achievement 单元过关演练--人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册 试卷 1 次下载
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- Unit2 Looking into the future单元过关演练--人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册 试卷 1 次下载
高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement优秀课后作业题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement优秀课后作业题，共8页。
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
人教版(2019)英语高一下学期培优训练卷
选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
A
Mary Lyon was a leader in women's education in the nineteenth century. It was a time when women's education was not considered important in the United States. States did require each town to provide a school for children, but there were not enough teachers. Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and music.
Mary Lyon felt that women's education was extremely important. She believed women were teachers both in the home and in the classroom. Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland. She suggested new ways of teaching, including holding discussion groups for students.
Then, Mary began to raise money for her dream school for the higher education of women. This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors. Its finances would be the responsibility of the directors. It would not depend on any one person to continue. And, the students would share in cleaning and cooking to keep costs down. In 1837, Mary Lyon opened Mount Holyoke Seminary for Women. In 1893, 44 years after her death, under a state law, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary became the first college to offer women the same kind of education as men.
Mary's efforts led to the spread of higher education for women in the United States. Her influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others.
1．What was American women's problem with education in the 19th century?
A．Teachers were careless about teaching.
B．They had few choices about the subjects.
C．The government paid no attention to education.
D．They had no chance to continue their education.
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Mary thought little of women's education.
B．Mary preferred women to be educated at home.
C．Mary attached importance to women's education.
D．Group discussions were not held in Mary's school.
3．What was Mary's dream school like?
A．It would have very strict rules.
B．It would be independent in finance.
C．It would be owned by the government.
D．It would depend on some important person.
4．Why is Mary still remembered by Americans?
A．She set up the first college.
B．She made women equal to men.
C．She helped to pass American education law.
D．She improved American women's education.
B
Marian Wright Edelman, an American lawyer, educator and children’s rights activist, was born on June 6, 1939 in South Carolina, one of five children. Her father Arthur Wright was a preacher (牧师) who died when she was only 14 years old. In his last words to her, he advised her not to “let anything get in the way of your education.”
After high school, Edelman went on to study at Spelman College and later traveled to the Soviet Union. When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service and study law instead. In 1973, Edelman set up the Children’s Defense Fund as a voice for poor and disabled children. She served as a public speaker on behalf of these children.
During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved to Washington, D．C．to marry him and to work for social justice in the center of America’s political scene. The couple had three sons: Joshua, Jonah and Ezra. Jonah is the founder of Stand for Children, a group that promotes children’s education, and Ezra is a documentary (记录片) filmmaker who won an Emmy for his film “O.J.: Made in America.”
Edelman is the author of many books for children and adults. Her titles for readers include I’m your child, God: Prayers for Our Children, Guide My Feet: Prayers and Meditations for Our Children, Lanterns: A Memoir of Mentors, and The Measure of Our Success: A Letter to My Children and Yours, which was a surprising success.
5．What do we know about Edelman’s family?
A．She was the single child.
B．Her mother was a preacher.
C．They took education seriously.
D．The family had a poor life.
6．Why did Edelman drop her plan to enter the Foreign Service?
A．She wanted to study abroad.
B．She intended to be a lawyer.
C．She had little time for her work.
D．She was interested in civil rights.
7．Where did Edelman get married?
A．In Washington D．C． B．In the Soviet Union.
C．In South Carolina. D．In Spelman.
8．What can be learned about Edelman’s children?
A．They all worked for social justice.
B．They achieved something in career.
C．They won many awards in their lives.
D．They contributed to their mother’s books.
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering a new drug for malaria. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.“9． ” China Daily noted.
Malaria is a disease that infects around 200 million people and kills about half a million people each year, according to The Economist. Tu's discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world. 10．
But the road to this achievement was a tough one to travel. In the late 1960s, Tu joined a government project on which she began research on a new malaria drug. At the beginning, Tu read a lot of old folk remedies, searched texts that were hundreds or thousands of years old and traveled to remote places. Over several months, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and created a list of almost 380 possible remedies.
“This was the most challenging stage of the project,”Tu told Beijing News.“It was a very labor-demanding and dull job, in particular when you faced one failure after another.”
11． She and her team tested the remedies on malaria-infected mice. They found that an extract from the plant qinghao seemed to work well.
12． The fact that the extract didn't always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates. But Tu was ambitious to make a contribution to the world and so she encouraged her teammates to keep going. They decided to start again from the beginning.
In 1971, they were rewarded for their efforts. After nearly 200 failures, Tu finally made an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites. The extract was called artemisinin（青蒿素）.
Thanks to decades of persistence, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these debilitating（削弱）diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually, said the Nobel Prize Committee.“13． ”
A．In 2017,an estimated 219 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide and 435,000 people died, mostly in the African Region.
B．It has made a great step forward in this field.
C．It is the pride of the whole Chinese science community, which will inspire more Chinese scientists.
D．Not that the work was easier after that.
E. But the hard work and the dullness failed to break the team's spirit.
F. According to the World Health Organization, by 2013 malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with 2000.
G. The consequences in terms of improved human health and reduced suffering are immeasurable.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节）
第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
William Thomson
William Thomson was born on 26 June, 1824 in Belfast He was taught by his father, a professor of mathematics. In 1832, the family moved to Glasgow where Thomson attended university at the age of 10, then studied at Cambridge and Paris Universities. In 1846 he became professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow, a post he 14 for more than 50 years.
In Glasgow, Thomson 15 the first physics laboratory in Britain. He was a pioneer in many different 16 , particularly electromagnetism（电磁学） and thermodynamics（热力学）. 17 Faraday, he was responsible for the introduction of the concept of an electromagnetic field 18 Thomson developed the work of the 19 of the subject, Nicolas Carnot and James Joule. One of the most 20 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature-the scale based on this is named 21 him.
Throughout his work Thomson’s main goal was the practical use of science. He achieved 22 through his work on submarine telegraphy, a major practical problem of the day. He was 23 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866，for which he was knighted in 1866. His 24 in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 25 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment. He invented many electrical instruments and his house in Glasgow was the first to be 26 by electric light.
Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the 27 of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892. The Kelvin was a small river that flowed near Glasgow University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895. He died on 17 December, 1907, in Ayrshire, Scotland and was 28 in Westminster Abbey.
14．A．sought B．confirmed C．held D．admired
15．A．took up B．broke up C．set up D．blew up
16．A．fields B．countries C．labs D．colleges
17．A．In spite of B．Except for C．Together with D．Regardless of
18．A．which B．when C．how D．where
19．A．learners B．pioneers C．competitors D．leaders
20．A．important B．obvious C．fortunate D．positive
21．A．for B．with C．after D．on
22．A．wealth B．fame C．contribution D．enthusiasm
23．A．considered B．attracted C．employed D．accused
24．A．hobby B．desire C．success D．interest
25．A．operate B．invent C．control D．produce
26．A．lit B．built C．decorated D．equipped
27．A．title B．name C．honor D．award
28．A．buried B．respected C．admitted D．preserved
第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ___29___ (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,___30___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___31___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___32___(declare) she had no plans ___33___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___34___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___35___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___36___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___37___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___38___ (wonder).”
第三部分 写作
第一节 应用文书面表达
为了弘扬科学家精神, 丰富学校科技艺术节活动内容, 请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括:
1. 对该人物的简单介绍;
2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因;
3. 从其身上得到的启示。
注意: 写作词数应为80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs. Brown, a 56-year-old woman, lived by herself in a trailer park near Clovis. She spent every single minute with Clyde, her 7-year-old cat. He brought much fun to her. In fact, she didn't know how she could go on without him. One day she went shopping with him. Unfortunately, she had her lost because of her carelessness. The rest of the day, she wandered in the mall looking for him but in vain.
At last she had to call the police. "My baby has been missing, and I want him back so badly," said Mrs. Brown.
When the policeman asked her to describe Clyde, she told him that Clyde had beautiful green eyes, had all his teeth but was missing half of his left ear, and was seven years old and completely white. She then told the officer that Clyde was about a foot high.
A bell went off. t4ls Clyde your child or your pet?" the officer doubtfully asked. “Well, he's my cat, of course,” Mrs. Brown replied. "Lady, you're supposed to report missing PERSONS, not missing CATS," said the angry policeman. "Well, who can I report this to?" she asked. "You can't. You have to ask around your neighborhood or put up posters," replied the officer.
Mrs. Brown figured that a billboard(广告牌)would work a lot better than a piece of paper on a telephone pole. There happened to be an empty billboard at the end of her street just off the interstate highway. The billboard had a phone number on it.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She called that number in no time.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A week later, Mrs.Brown noticed her cat waiting out of her gate with a note on his neck.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
人教版(2019)英语高一下学期培优训练卷
选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement
答案解析
【答案】1-4 BCBD
【解析】
1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and music.可知，大多数年轻女性无法继续接受教育。即使她们能接受教育，除了法语、如何缝制衣服和音乐之外，她们通常不会学到多少东西。所以19世纪美国女性的教育问题是她们能选择的学习科目很少。故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的Mary Lyon felt that women's education was extremely important.以及Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland.可知，玛丽·莱昂认为女性的教育极其重要。她在巴克兰为年轻女性开办了一所学校。所以我们能从第二段中了解到，玛丽很重视女性的教育。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors...It would not depend on any one person to continue.可知，这所学校将拥有自己的财产，由一个独立的董事会指导。它的资金将由董事们负责，不依靠任何人。所以玛丽·莱昂开办的学校在资金上是独立的。故B选项正确。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段Mary's efforts led to the spread of higher education for women in the United States. Her influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others.可知，玛丽的努力使美国妇女接受高等教育这件事得到了普及。她的影响一直持续至今，因为她学校里的许多毕业生都成了老师。所以美国人还记得玛丽是因为她提高了美国女性的教育水平。故选D项。
【答案】5-8 CDAB
【解析】
5．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句In his last words to her, he advised her not to “let anything get in the way of your education.”可推知Edelman的家庭对教育认真严肃。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service and study law instead.可知Edelman对民权很感兴趣，让她放弃了进入外交部门的计划。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段中During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved to Washington, D. C. to marry him and to work for social justice in the center of America’s political scene.可知Edelman是在华盛顿特区结婚的。故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段中The couple had three sons: Joshua, Jonah and Ezra. Jonah is the founder of Stand for Children, a group that promotes children’s education, and Ezra is a documentary filmmaker who won an Emmy for his film “O.J.: Made in America.”可知Edelman的两个孩子们在事业上有所成就。故选B。
【答案】9-13 CFEDG
【解析】
9．根据划线前句提到“Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering a new drug for malaria. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.”（屠呦呦因发现疟疾新药而获得2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 她是第一个获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。因此C项“这是整个中国科学界的骄傲，它将激发更多的中国科学家。”和前句构成因果关系。上下文逻辑为“屠呦呦获奖为整个中国科学界的骄傲，同时将激发更多的科学家”。C项切题。故选C项。
10．根据划线前句提及“Tu's discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world.”（屠呦呦的发现拯救了数百万人的生命，尤其是在发展中国家。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦的发现贡献巨大。F项“根据世界卫生组织的数据，到2013年，疟疾死亡人数比2000年下降了47%。”是对前句内容进行补充说明。表示屠呦呦的发现拯救了成千上万的人。F项切题。故选F项。
11．根据划线前句提及“It was a very labor-demanding and dull job, in particular when you faced one failure after another.”（这是一份非常费力又枯燥的工作，特别是当你面对一个又一个失败的时候。）可知，此处强调这项研究枯燥且费力。再根据划线后句提及“She and her team tested the remedies on malaria-infected mice.”（她和她的团队在感染疟疾的老鼠身上测试了这些疗法。）可知，尽管工作枯燥且费力，但是她和她的同事们并没有因此放弃研究。故E项“但是艰苦的工作和枯燥的生活并没有破坏团队的精神。”和前句构成前后转折且引出下文。上下文逻辑为：尽管工作艰苦，但是她和她的同事们并没有因此放弃。而是继续做实验。E项切题，故选E项。
12．根据划线前句提及“They found that an extract from the plant qinghao seemed to work well.”（他们发现青蒿植物的提取物似乎效果很好。）可知，他们发现了青蒿的提取物。再根据划线后句“The fact that the extract didn't always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates.”（提取物并非总是能对抗疟疾，这一事实使她的一些队友感到沮丧。）可知，尽管他们发现了青蒿的提取物，但是作用不好。故D项“但那之后的工作并不容易。”承接上文发现青蒿提取物，和前文构成前后对比。引出下文：提取物并非总能对抗疟疾。且D项中的that指代前句“他们发现了青蒿提取物”。D项切题。故选D项。
13．根据划线前文提及“Thanks to decades of persistence, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these debilitating(削弱）diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually, said the Nobel Prize Committee.”（诺贝尔奖委员会说，得益于数十年来的坚持不懈，屠和她的团队为人类提供了强有力的新手段，以应对每年影响数亿人的这些令人衰弱的疾病。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦的团队为人类做出了巨大贡献。因此G项“在改善人类健康和减少痛苦方面的后果是不可估量的。”是对前文提及的屠呦呦的贡献进一步强调。再一次赞扬了屠呦呦的贡献。G项切题，故选G项。
【答案】14-18 CCACD 19-23 BACBC 24-28 DBAAA
【解析】
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：1846年，他成为格拉斯哥的自然哲学教授，并担任了50多年。A. sought寻找；B. confirmed确认；C. held担任；D. admired钦佩。从空格前面的“professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow”及“a post”可知，此处表示他担任这个职位长达50多年。故选C项。
15.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在格拉斯哥，汤姆森建立了英国第一个物理实验室。A. took up开始从事；B. broke up打碎；C. set up建立；D. blew up爆炸。由空后的“the first physics laboratory”可知，此处表示汤姆森在英国建立了第一个物理实验室。故选C项。
16.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是许多领域的先驱，尤其是电磁学和热力学。A. fields领域；B. countries国家；C. labs实验室；D. colleges学院。后面提到的“particularly electromagnetism and thermodynamics”是两个不同的领域。故选A项。
17.考查介词短语辨析。句意：他和法拉第一起引入了电磁场的概念，在那里汤姆森发展了这一课题的先驱尼古拉斯·卡诺和詹姆斯·焦耳的工作。A. In spite of尽管；B. Except for除了；C. Together with和……一起；D. Regardless of不管。根据下文“Faraday, he was responsible for the introduction of the concept”可知，此处表示和法拉第一起，他负责引入了电磁场这个概念。故选C项。
18.考查定语从句关系词。句意：他和法拉第一起引入了电磁场的概念，在那里汤姆森发展了这一课题的先驱尼古拉斯·卡诺和詹姆斯·焦耳的工作。A. which引导定语从句，修饰物，做主语或宾语；B. when引导定语从句，做时间状语；C. how不能引导定语从句；D. where引导定语从句，做地点状语。由前面的“an electromagnetic field”可知，这里是表示抽象概念的名词短语作先行词，且在定语从句中作地点状语，故应使用 where引导定语从句。故选D项。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和法拉第一起引入了电磁场的概念，在那里汤姆森发展了这一课题的先驱尼古拉斯·卡诺和詹姆斯·焦耳的工作。A. learners学习者；B. pioneers先驱；C. competitors竞争者；D. leaders领导者。根据上文的“developed the work of”和下文的 “the subject”及其后的两个人名可知，此处指的是汤姆森发展了这两位先驱者在这一学科的成就。故选B项。
20.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他工作中最重要的成果之一就是他的绝对零度概念——基于这个概念的温度计就是以他的名字命名的。A. important重要的；B. obvious明显的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. positive积极的。结合下文的“his idea of an absolute zero of temperature-the scale based on this is named ______ him.”可知，此处表示汤姆森所提出的重要的想法。故选A项。
21.考查介词词义辨析。句意：他工作中最重要的成果之一就是他的绝对零度概念——基于这个概念的温度计就是以他的名字命名的。A. for为了；B. with和……一起；C. after在……后面；D. on在……上面。此处是固定词组 name after，表示“以……命名”。故选C项。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他通过研究当时的一个重大实际问题——海底电报而成名。A. wealth财富；B. fame名誉；C. contribution贡献；D. enthusiasm热情。根据下文“He was ______ as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866, for which he was knighted in 1866.”可知，他由于在大西洋电缆铺设工作上的成就被授以爵位，故此处指他通过自己在海底电报方面的工作而成名。故选B项。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他曾在1857-1858年和1865-1866年铺设大西洋电报电缆时担任科学顾问，并于1866年获封爵士。A. considered考虑；B. attracted吸引；C. employed聘用；D. accused控告。从空后的“as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables”可知，他被聘作科学顾问来指导铺设电缆。故选C项。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对海洋问题的兴趣也激发了他开发水手罗盘、发明潮汐机和深度测量设备。A. hobby爱好；B. desire欲望；C. success成功；D. interest兴趣。根据语境并结合后面的“in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners' compass”可知，此处是指他对海洋问题的兴趣激励他开发了船用罗盘。故选D项。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海洋问题的兴趣也激发了他开发水手罗盘、发明潮汐机和深度测量设备。A. operate操作；B. invent发明；C. control控制；D. produce生产。结合前面的 develop和后面的“a tide machine and depth- measuring equipment”可知，他发明了潮汐机和深度测量设备，下文的“He invented many electrical instruments”也是提示。故选B项。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发明了许多电子仪器，他在格拉斯哥的房子是第一个被电灯照亮的。A. lit照亮；B. built建造；C. decorated装饰；D. equipped装备。后面的“by electric light”表示他家是第一家使用电灯照明的家庭。故选A项。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆逊于1892年被提拔为贵族，被封为拉格斯的开尔文男爵。A. title头衔；B. name名字；C. honor荣誉；D. award奖励。结合空前的“was raised to the noblemen”和后面的“Baron Kelvin of Largs in1892”可知，在1892年他晋升成为贵族，拥有开尔文勋爵的称号。故选A项。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：1907年12月17日，他死于苏格兰的埃尔郡，葬于威斯敏斯特教堂。A. buried埋葬；B. respected尊敬；C. admitted允许；D. preserved保存。空处与前面的“He died on17 December, 1907”呼应，此处指他死后被埋葬在威斯敏斯特教堂里面。故选A项。
【答案】
29. being 30. which 31. finally 32. declared 33. to retire
34. have made 35. but 36. saying 37. a 38. wonderful
【解析】
29.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
30.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
31.考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
32.考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
33.考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“…的计划”，故填to retire。
34.考查动词时态。根据该定于从句中时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
35.考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是…而是 …”之意，故填but。
36.考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
37.考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
38.考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
【范文】
The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as “father of hybrid rice”. Ever since graduation, he has devoted his life to increasing rice production in China and spreading his technology to other countries to feed more people. Meanwhile, he has tried out growing new rice in deserts and seas successfully. As Dr. Yuan says, one dream is not enough, which impresses me deeply. From him I have learned the spirit of devotion and exploration. I decide to be a person like him.
【范文】
She called the number in no time. She told them about her lost cat and asked whether she could use the billboard to find her cat. She was more than pleased and offer them some details of the cat including a picture of it. The next day, a notice of a lost cat appeared on the billboard with Mrs. Brown’s address on it.
A week later, Mrs. Brown noticed her cat waiting out of her gate with a note on his neck. Mrs. Brown picked up the cat and put it to her heart, murmuring: “Oh dear, where have you been?” She put the note close to her eyes. It read: “Sorry to keep your cat for a week, but I had no idea where to return him. I hope you should take better care of him in the future.” Tears of regrets rolled down her cheeks at the words. She held the cat tighter and closer to her heart.
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
此卷只装订不密封
班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号
人教版(2019)英语高一下学期培优训练卷
选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节）
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
A
Mary Lyon was a leader in women's education in the nineteenth century. It was a time when women's education was not considered important in the United States. States did require each town to provide a school for children, but there were not enough teachers. Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and music.
Mary Lyon felt that women's education was extremely important. She believed women were teachers both in the home and in the classroom. Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland. She suggested new ways of teaching, including holding discussion groups for students.
Then, Mary began to raise money for her dream school for the higher education of women. This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors. Its finances would be the responsibility of the directors. It would not depend on any one person to continue. And, the students would share in cleaning and cooking to keep costs down. In 1837, Mary Lyon opened Mount Holyoke Seminary for Women. In 1893, 44 years after her death, under a state law, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary became the first college to offer women the same kind of education as men.
Mary's efforts led to the spread of higher education for women in the United States. Her influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others.
1．What was American women's problem with education in the 19th century?
A．Teachers were careless about teaching.
B．They had few choices about the subjects.
C．The government paid no attention to education.
D．They had no chance to continue their education.
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Mary thought little of women's education.
B．Mary preferred women to be educated at home.
C．Mary attached importance to women's education.
D．Group discussions were not held in Mary's school.
3．What was Mary's dream school like?
A．It would have very strict rules.
B．It would be independent in finance.
C．It would be owned by the government.
D．It would depend on some important person.
4．Why is Mary still remembered by Americans?
A．She set up the first college.
B．She made women equal to men.
C．She helped to pass American education law.
D．She improved American women's education.
B
Marian Wright Edelman, an American lawyer, educator and children’s rights activist, was born on June 6, 1939 in South Carolina, one of five children. Her father Arthur Wright was a preacher (牧师) who died when she was only 14 years old. In his last words to her, he advised her not to “let anything get in the way of your education.”
After high school, Edelman went on to study at Spelman College and later traveled to the Soviet Union. When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service and study law instead. In 1973, Edelman set up the Children’s Defense Fund as a voice for poor and disabled children. She served as a public speaker on behalf of these children.
During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved to Washington, D．C．to marry him and to work for social justice in the center of America’s political scene. The couple had three sons: Joshua, Jonah and Ezra. Jonah is the founder of Stand for Children, a group that promotes children’s education, and Ezra is a documentary (记录片) filmmaker who won an Emmy for his film “O.J.: Made in America.”
Edelman is the author of many books for children and adults. Her titles for readers include I’m your child, God: Prayers for Our Children, Guide My Feet: Prayers and Meditations for Our Children, Lanterns: A Memoir of Mentors, and The Measure of Our Success: A Letter to My Children and Yours, which was a surprising success.
5．What do we know about Edelman’s family?
A．She was the single child.
B．Her mother was a preacher.
C．They took education seriously.
D．The family had a poor life.
6．Why did Edelman drop her plan to enter the Foreign Service?
A．She wanted to study abroad.
B．She intended to be a lawyer.
C．She had little time for her work.
D．She was interested in civil rights.
7．Where did Edelman get married?
A．In Washington D．C． B．In the Soviet Union.
C．In South Carolina. D．In Spelman.
8．What can be learned about Edelman’s children?
A．They all worked for social justice.
B．They achieved something in career.
C．They won many awards in their lives.
D．They contributed to their mother’s books.
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering a new drug for malaria. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.“9． ” China Daily noted.
Malaria is a disease that infects around 200 million people and kills about half a million people each year, according to The Economist. Tu's discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world. 10．
But the road to this achievement was a tough one to travel. In the late 1960s, Tu joined a government project on which she began research on a new malaria drug. At the beginning, Tu read a lot of old folk remedies, searched texts that were hundreds or thousands of years old and traveled to remote places. Over several months, Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and created a list of almost 380 possible remedies.
“This was the most challenging stage of the project,”Tu told Beijing News.“It was a very labor-demanding and dull job, in particular when you faced one failure after another.”
11． She and her team tested the remedies on malaria-infected mice. They found that an extract from the plant qinghao seemed to work well.
12． The fact that the extract didn't always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates. But Tu was ambitious to make a contribution to the world and so she encouraged her teammates to keep going. They decided to start again from the beginning.
In 1971, they were rewarded for their efforts. After nearly 200 failures, Tu finally made an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites. The extract was called artemisinin（青蒿素）.
Thanks to decades of persistence, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these debilitating（削弱）diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually, said the Nobel Prize Committee.“13． ”
A．In 2017,an estimated 219 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide and 435,000 people died, mostly in the African Region.
B．It has made a great step forward in this field.
C．It is the pride of the whole Chinese science community, which will inspire more Chinese scientists.
D．Not that the work was easier after that.
E. But the hard work and the dullness failed to break the team's spirit.
F. According to the World Health Organization, by 2013 malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with 2000.
G. The consequences in terms of improved human health and reduced suffering are immeasurable.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节）
第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
William Thomson
William Thomson was born on 26 June, 1824 in Belfast He was taught by his father, a professor of mathematics. In 1832, the family moved to Glasgow where Thomson attended university at the age of 10, then studied at Cambridge and Paris Universities. In 1846 he became professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow, a post he 14 for more than 50 years.
In Glasgow, Thomson 15 the first physics laboratory in Britain. He was a pioneer in many different 16 , particularly electromagnetism（电磁学） and thermodynamics（热力学）. 17 Faraday, he was responsible for the introduction of the concept of an electromagnetic field 18 Thomson developed the work of the 19 of the subject, Nicolas Carnot and James Joule. One of the most 20 results of his work was his idea of an absolute zero of temperature-the scale based on this is named 21 him.
Throughout his work Thomson’s main goal was the practical use of science. He achieved 22 through his work on submarine telegraphy, a major practical problem of the day. He was 23 as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866，for which he was knighted in 1866. His 24 in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners’ compass and 25 a tide machine and depth-measuring equipment. He invented many electrical instruments and his house in Glasgow was the first to be 26 by electric light.
Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the 27 of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892. The Kelvin was a small river that flowed near Glasgow University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895. He died on 17 December, 1907, in Ayrshire, Scotland and was 28 in Westminster Abbey.
14．A．sought B．confirmed C．held D．admired
15．A．took up B．broke up C．set up D．blew up
16．A．fields B．countries C．labs D．colleges
17．A．In spite of B．Except for C．Together with D．Regardless of
18．A．which B．when C．how D．where
19．A．learners B．pioneers C．competitors D．leaders
20．A．important B．obvious C．fortunate D．positive
21．A．for B．with C．after D．on
22．A．wealth B．fame C．contribution D．enthusiasm
23．A．considered B．attracted C．employed D．accused
24．A．hobby B．desire C．success D．interest
25．A．operate B．invent C．control D．produce
26．A．lit B．built C．decorated D．equipped
27．A．title B．name C．honor D．award
28．A．buried B．respected C．admitted D．preserved
第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ___29___ (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,___30___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___31___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___32___(declare) she had no plans ___33___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___34___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___35___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___36___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___37___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___38___ (wonder).”
第三部分 写作
第一节 应用文书面表达
为了弘扬科学家精神, 丰富学校科技艺术节活动内容, 请你用英文介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括:
1. 对该人物的简单介绍;
2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因;
3. 从其身上得到的启示。
注意: 写作词数应为80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs. Brown, a 56-year-old woman, lived by herself in a trailer park near Clovis. She spent every single minute with Clyde, her 7-year-old cat. He brought much fun to her. In fact, she didn't know how she could go on without him. One day she went shopping with him. Unfortunately, she had her lost because of her carelessness. The rest of the day, she wandered in the mall looking for him but in vain.
At last she had to call the police. "My baby has been missing, and I want him back so badly," said Mrs. Brown.
When the policeman asked her to describe Clyde, she told him that Clyde had beautiful green eyes, had all his teeth but was missing half of his left ear, and was seven years old and completely white. She then told the officer that Clyde was about a foot high.
A bell went off. t4ls Clyde your child or your pet?" the officer doubtfully asked. “Well, he's my cat, of course,” Mrs. Brown replied. "Lady, you're supposed to report missing PERSONS, not missing CATS," said the angry policeman. "Well, who can I report this to?" she asked. "You can't. You have to ask around your neighborhood or put up posters," replied the officer.
Mrs. Brown figured that a billboard(广告牌)would work a lot better than a piece of paper on a telephone pole. There happened to be an empty billboard at the end of her street just off the interstate highway. The billboard had a phone number on it.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She called that number in no time.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A week later, Mrs.Brown noticed her cat waiting out of her gate with a note on his neck.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
人教版(2019)英语高一下学期培优训练卷
选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement
答案解析
【答案】1-4 BCBD
【解析】
1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Most young women were not able to continue their education. If they did, they often were not taught much except the French language, how to sew clothing, and music.可知，大多数年轻女性无法继续接受教育。即使她们能接受教育，除了法语、如何缝制衣服和音乐之外，她们通常不会学到多少东西。所以19世纪美国女性的教育问题是她们能选择的学习科目很少。故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的Mary Lyon felt that women's education was extremely important.以及Mary opened a school for young women in the village of Buckland.可知，玛丽·莱昂认为女性的教育极其重要。她在巴克兰为年轻女性开办了一所学校。所以我们能从第二段中了解到，玛丽很重视女性的教育。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的This school would own its own property, guided by an independent group of directors...It would not depend on any one person to continue.可知，这所学校将拥有自己的财产，由一个独立的董事会指导。它的资金将由董事们负责，不依靠任何人。所以玛丽·莱昂开办的学校在资金上是独立的。故B选项正确。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段Mary's efforts led to the spread of higher education for women in the United States. Her influence lasted as the many students from her schools went out to teach others.可知，玛丽的努力使美国妇女接受高等教育这件事得到了普及。她的影响一直持续至今，因为她学校里的许多毕业生都成了老师。所以美国人还记得玛丽是因为她提高了美国女性的教育水平。故选D项。
【答案】5-8 CDAB
【解析】
5．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句In his last words to her, he advised her not to “let anything get in the way of your education.”可推知Edelman的家庭对教育认真严肃。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中When she returned to Spelman in 1959, Edelman became involved in the civil rights movement. This work inspired her to drop her plans to enter the Foreign Service and study law instead.可知Edelman对民权很感兴趣，让她放弃了进入外交部门的计划。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段中During a tour, Marian met Peter Edelman, an assistant to Kennedy, and the next year she moved to Washington, D. C. to marry him and to work for social justice in the center of America’s political scene.可知Edelman是在华盛顿特区结婚的。故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段中The couple had three sons: Joshua, Jonah and Ezra. Jonah is the founder of Stand for Children, a group that promotes children’s education, and Ezra is a documentary filmmaker who won an Emmy for his film “O.J.: Made in America.”可知Edelman的两个孩子们在事业上有所成就。故选B。
【答案】9-13 CFEDG
【解析】
9．根据划线前句提到“Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for discovering a new drug for malaria. She is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.”（屠呦呦因发现疟疾新药而获得2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 她是第一个获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦是第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国公民。因此C项“这是整个中国科学界的骄傲，它将激发更多的中国科学家。”和前句构成因果关系。上下文逻辑为“屠呦呦获奖为整个中国科学界的骄傲，同时将激发更多的科学家”。C项切题。故选C项。
10．根据划线前句提及“Tu's discovery has saved millions of lives, especially in the developing world.”（屠呦呦的发现拯救了数百万人的生命，尤其是在发展中国家。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦的发现贡献巨大。F项“根据世界卫生组织的数据，到2013年，疟疾死亡人数比2000年下降了47%。”是对前句内容进行补充说明。表示屠呦呦的发现拯救了成千上万的人。F项切题。故选F项。
11．根据划线前句提及“It was a very labor-demanding and dull job, in particular when you faced one failure after another.”（这是一份非常费力又枯燥的工作，特别是当你面对一个又一个失败的时候。）可知，此处强调这项研究枯燥且费力。再根据划线后句提及“She and her team tested the remedies on malaria-infected mice.”（她和她的团队在感染疟疾的老鼠身上测试了这些疗法。）可知，尽管工作枯燥且费力，但是她和她的同事们并没有因此放弃研究。故E项“但是艰苦的工作和枯燥的生活并没有破坏团队的精神。”和前句构成前后转折且引出下文。上下文逻辑为：尽管工作艰苦，但是她和她的同事们并没有因此放弃。而是继续做实验。E项切题，故选E项。
12．根据划线前句提及“They found that an extract from the plant qinghao seemed to work well.”（他们发现青蒿植物的提取物似乎效果很好。）可知，他们发现了青蒿的提取物。再根据划线后句“The fact that the extract didn't always work against malaria discouraged some of her teammates.”（提取物并非总是能对抗疟疾，这一事实使她的一些队友感到沮丧。）可知，尽管他们发现了青蒿的提取物，但是作用不好。故D项“但那之后的工作并不容易。”承接上文发现青蒿提取物，和前文构成前后对比。引出下文：提取物并非总能对抗疟疾。且D项中的that指代前句“他们发现了青蒿提取物”。D项切题。故选D项。
13．根据划线前文提及“Thanks to decades of persistence, Tu and her team had provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these debilitating(削弱）diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually, said the Nobel Prize Committee.”（诺贝尔奖委员会说，得益于数十年来的坚持不懈，屠和她的团队为人类提供了强有力的新手段，以应对每年影响数亿人的这些令人衰弱的疾病。）可知，此处强调屠呦呦的团队为人类做出了巨大贡献。因此G项“在改善人类健康和减少痛苦方面的后果是不可估量的。”是对前文提及的屠呦呦的贡献进一步强调。再一次赞扬了屠呦呦的贡献。G项切题，故选G项。
【答案】14-18 CCACD 19-23 BACBC 24-28 DBAAA
【解析】
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：1846年，他成为格拉斯哥的自然哲学教授，并担任了50多年。A. sought寻找；B. confirmed确认；C. held担任；D. admired钦佩。从空格前面的“professor of natural philosophy in Glasgow”及“a post”可知，此处表示他担任这个职位长达50多年。故选C项。
15.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在格拉斯哥，汤姆森建立了英国第一个物理实验室。A. took up开始从事；B. broke up打碎；C. set up建立；D. blew up爆炸。由空后的“the first physics laboratory”可知，此处表示汤姆森在英国建立了第一个物理实验室。故选C项。
16.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是许多领域的先驱，尤其是电磁学和热力学。A. fields领域；B. countries国家；C. labs实验室；D. colleges学院。后面提到的“particularly electromagnetism and thermodynamics”是两个不同的领域。故选A项。
17.考查介词短语辨析。句意：他和法拉第一起引入了电磁场的概念，在那里汤姆森发展了这一课题的先驱尼古拉斯·卡诺和詹姆斯·焦耳的工作。A. In spite of尽管；B. Except for除了；C. Together with和……一起；D. Regardless of不管。根据下文“Faraday, he was responsible for the introduction of the concept”可知，此处表示和法拉第一起，他负责引入了电磁场这个概念。故选C项。
18.考查定语从句关系词。句意：他和法拉第一起引入了电磁场的概念，在那里汤姆森发展了这一课题的先驱尼古拉斯·卡诺和詹姆斯·焦耳的工作。A. which引导定语从句，修饰物，做主语或宾语；B. when引导定语从句，做时间状语；C. how不能引导定语从句；D. where引导定语从句，做地点状语。由前面的“an electromagnetic field”可知，这里是表示抽象概念的名词短语作先行词，且在定语从句中作地点状语，故应使用 where引导定语从句。故选D项。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和法拉第一起引入了电磁场的概念，在那里汤姆森发展了这一课题的先驱尼古拉斯·卡诺和詹姆斯·焦耳的工作。A. learners学习者；B. pioneers先驱；C. competitors竞争者；D. leaders领导者。根据上文的“developed the work of”和下文的 “the subject”及其后的两个人名可知，此处指的是汤姆森发展了这两位先驱者在这一学科的成就。故选B项。
20.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他工作中最重要的成果之一就是他的绝对零度概念——基于这个概念的温度计就是以他的名字命名的。A. important重要的；B. obvious明显的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. positive积极的。结合下文的“his idea of an absolute zero of temperature-the scale based on this is named ______ him.”可知，此处表示汤姆森所提出的重要的想法。故选A项。
21.考查介词词义辨析。句意：他工作中最重要的成果之一就是他的绝对零度概念——基于这个概念的温度计就是以他的名字命名的。A. for为了；B. with和……一起；C. after在……后面；D. on在……上面。此处是固定词组 name after，表示“以……命名”。故选C项。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他通过研究当时的一个重大实际问题——海底电报而成名。A. wealth财富；B. fame名誉；C. contribution贡献；D. enthusiasm热情。根据下文“He was ______ as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables in 1857-1858 and 1865-1866, for which he was knighted in 1866.”可知，他由于在大西洋电缆铺设工作上的成就被授以爵位，故此处指他通过自己在海底电报方面的工作而成名。故选B项。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他曾在1857-1858年和1865-1866年铺设大西洋电报电缆时担任科学顾问，并于1866年获封爵士。A. considered考虑；B. attracted吸引；C. employed聘用；D. accused控告。从空后的“as a scientific adviser in the laying of the Atlantic telegraph cables”可知，他被聘作科学顾问来指导铺设电缆。故选C项。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对海洋问题的兴趣也激发了他开发水手罗盘、发明潮汐机和深度测量设备。A. hobby爱好；B. desire欲望；C. success成功；D. interest兴趣。根据语境并结合后面的“in marine issues also inspired him to develop a mariners' compass”可知，此处是指他对海洋问题的兴趣激励他开发了船用罗盘。故选D项。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海洋问题的兴趣也激发了他开发水手罗盘、发明潮汐机和深度测量设备。A. operate操作；B. invent发明；C. control控制；D. produce生产。结合前面的 develop和后面的“a tide machine and depth- measuring equipment”可知，他发明了潮汐机和深度测量设备，下文的“He invented many electrical instruments”也是提示。故选B项。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发明了许多电子仪器，他在格拉斯哥的房子是第一个被电灯照亮的。A. lit照亮；B. built建造；C. decorated装饰；D. equipped装备。后面的“by electric light”表示他家是第一家使用电灯照明的家庭。故选A项。
27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆逊于1892年被提拔为贵族，被封为拉格斯的开尔文男爵。A. title头衔；B. name名字；C. honor荣誉；D. award奖励。结合空前的“was raised to the noblemen”和后面的“Baron Kelvin of Largs in1892”可知，在1892年他晋升成为贵族，拥有开尔文勋爵的称号。故选A项。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：1907年12月17日，他死于苏格兰的埃尔郡，葬于威斯敏斯特教堂。A. buried埋葬；B. respected尊敬；C. admitted允许；D. preserved保存。空处与前面的“He died on17 December, 1907”呼应，此处指他死后被埋葬在威斯敏斯特教堂里面。故选A项。
【答案】
29. being 30. which 31. finally 32. declared 33. to retire
34. have made 35. but 36. saying 37. a 38. wonderful
【解析】
29.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
30.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
31.考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
32.考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
33.考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“…的计划”，故填to retire。
34.考查动词时态。根据该定于从句中时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
35.考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是…而是 …”之意，故填but。
36.考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
37.考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
38.考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
【范文】
The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as “father of hybrid rice”. Ever since graduation, he has devoted his life to increasing rice production in China and spreading his technology to other countries to feed more people. Meanwhile, he has tried out growing new rice in deserts and seas successfully. As Dr. Yuan says, one dream is not enough, which impresses me deeply. From him I have learned the spirit of devotion and exploration. I decide to be a person like him.
【范文】
She called the number in no time. She told them about her lost cat and asked whether she could use the billboard to find her cat. She was more than pleased and offer them some details of the cat including a picture of it. The next day, a notice of a lost cat appeared on the billboard with Mrs. Brown’s address on it.
A week later, Mrs. Brown noticed her cat waiting out of her gate with a note on his neck. Mrs. Brown picked up the cat and put it to her heart, murmuring: “Oh dear, where have you been?” She put the note close to her eyes. It read: “Sorry to keep your cat for a week, but I had no idea where to return him. I hope you should take better care of him in the future.” Tears of regrets rolled down her cheeks at the words. She held the cat tighter and closer to her heart.
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