英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优秀单元测试当堂达标检测题

必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters

能力提升卷

姓名__________ 班级__________ 学号___________

一、完形填空

Lu Yiwei, a 19-year-old from Shanghai, proved his floristry（花艺）skills by winning the gold medal at the 45th WorldSkills Competition in Kazan, Russia, last month.

"It is commonly believed that floristry is a job    1    for girls," he said. "But actually, it's not an easy one because it requires heavy work, such as moving wood and large, heavy flowerpots – things that are    2     when creating works – which requires    3    ."

Lu was    4    by a vocational school (职业学校) in 2017, a year after he graduated from junior high school at age 16. "The first thing I learned was design. Then my teacher told me that maybe I should study floristry because he felt I was    5    in that area," he said with a laugh. Lu said he was not    6    about the suggestion then. "Actually, I knew    7    about floristry. All I knew at the time was that some students in our school had won the 44th WorldSkills Competition in Abu Dhabi in 2017."

Lu said he was in a poor condition when he    8     the competition. "Almost two weeks before I had the final training in July, I was    9    of ideas, which was terrible for a competitor whose project needed new ideas. I got used to my new identity later, thanks to my    10     who guided me with their patience and scientific training courses."

His trip to Kazan was    11   , but he enjoys the memory. He said he had    12    during the competition because he was getting more and more nervous as the competition    13    . "We were given all our tasks about 15 minutes before the competition started. It was really hard because we had to    14      ideas for all in such a short time," he said.

"I didn't    15    during the World-Skills trials（预赛）, as there were so many experienced and excellent competitors," he said. "But I was always    16   . I think my positive    17    brought me opportunities and the final honor."

"Many of my classmates were pleased after winning medals at the competition, but they lost their    18    . I won the gold medal at the age of 19, but I know that it's not my final    19   . I want to develop more new    20   ." Since returning from Russia, he has started a new life at his school, again studying design.

1. A. helpful        B. fit     C. interesting  D. good

2. A. used   B. found    C. bought   D. stored

3. A. skills   B. ideas    C. strength  D. knowledge

4. A. honored       B. accepted      C. invited   D. praised

5. A. experienced  B. weak    C. gifted   D. successful

6. A. surprised   B. anxious   C. disappointed D. sure

7. A. nothing      B. something   C. everything  D. anything

8. A. gave up    B. prepared for  C. took part in  D. talked about

9. A. full     B. short    C. afraid   D. certain

10. A. classmates    B. coaches   C. parents  D. friends

11. A. long     B. boring     C. difficult  D. dangerous

12. A. fear    B. joy     C. excitement  D. surprise

13. A. started    B. ended    C. continued  D. settled

14. A. set down   B. care about   C. come up with  D. make use of

15. A. calm down   B. give in    C. turn up   D. stand out

16. A. hopeful   B. grateful     C. careful    D. helpful

17. A. advice   B. experience   C. answer   D. attitude

18. A. way      B. balance       C. hope   D. game

19. A. design   B. goal     C. decision  D. choice

20. A. ideas   B. materials   C. abilities  D. habits

1-5 BACBC     6-10 DABBB     11-15 CACCD     16-20 ADABC

二、阅读理解

A

Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous (多山的).

The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.

Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal.  Around 2,000 people died.

In 1923, the Great Kantō Earthquake happened in Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.

One of the worst earthquakes hit China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which about 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556.

Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for them.

21. We can infer from the passage that                 .

1. people are not afraid of earthquakes
2. only strong earthquakes kill a large number of people
3. a large number of earthquakes often happen next to mountains
4. earthquakes happen only in a few places along the coast

22. How many people died in the earthquake which happened in Portugal in 1755?

1. 500.　　　　　    B. 140,000.              C. 400,000.           D. About 2,000.

23. When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported?

1. 1964；Alaska. B. 1556；China.

C. 1923；Japan. D. 1976；China.

24. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. The stronger the earthquake is，the more people are killed.

B. Earthquakes often come unexpectedly.

C. Earthquakes can cause fires.

D. People still don’t know when an earthquake will come.

B

Earthquakes happen without warning (前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. Only a few big ones hurt people. However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.

Do not go outside. You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线).

Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.

Keep away from windows, pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building, and anything else that could fall and hurt you. Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.

Also keep away from a fire. You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.

If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees. These could fall and hurt you.

25.Most earthquakes are too             to hurt people.

1. strong　　　　    B. weak               C. dangerous         D.heavy

26. From the passage, when an earthquake is happening, we should            .

1. stay under a big building B. stay under a strong furniture
2. stand by windows D. drive near a big bridge

27. It isn’t safe for you to            while the earthquake is happening.

1. run out of the building
2. stay in a corner of the building
3. cover your head with your arms
4. cover your mouth with a towel

28. This passage tells us          .

1. how dangerous the earthquake is
2. how to be safe in an earthquake
3. we shouldn’t be afraid of the earthquake
4. how the earthquake comes into being

C

My two daughters and I got into the car to spend our weekend in Florida. Autumn, the elder one, offered to drive. I sat next to her, and Amber sat in back. After setting off, the three of us sang to the radio at the top of our voice.

It was a great trip until the rain poured and the rain was too heavy. “I have to pull over, ” Autumn said. She tried to enter the far right lane (车道) to find a place to stop, but trucks ran fast, making water onto our car. The car was out of control, then worse — it started to move left and right. Autumn fought to control it but it was too late. We ran into a truck. The girls jumped out of the car. My chest felt much pain.

“Get out, Mom. Come on！” Amber cried. “I can't,” I said. Autumn took out her cellphone, “There's been an accident. Send an ambulance (救护车)！” Amber and Autumn pulled me out of the car and helped me lie on my back in the grassy area by the roadside. I had to calm myself and looked up. A man held a large umbrella over me and other kind faces appeared above me. A woman helped to treat a cut over Amber's eye. Another woman came close to me and said, “No one in the truck was injured. Help was on the way.” The woman mentioned she was a nurse; the other woman who took care of Amber's cut was an eye specialist. We couldn't have asked for better care.

In the hospital the pain in my chest began to disappear. Later, the tests at the hospital made sure we had no serious injuries. We'd left all our troubles behind thanks to these kind people, who seemed to be angels (天使) in my eyes.

29. How did the author and her two daughters feel after setting out?

1. They were worried about the weather.
2. They enjoyed themselves greatly.
3. They thought it was a long journey.
4. They felt lucky to take the journey.

30. What was Autumn going to do when the rain poured?

1. To stop by the roadside.           
2. To follow the truck closely.
3. To get into the fast traffic lane.      
4. To move the car left and right.

31. What can be the best title for the text?

1. Unexpected heavy rain            
2. Leave our troubles behind
3. Kind angels saved the day         
4. My two kind daughters

三、七选五

Life is filled with regrets. Anyone around you will have no difficulty in telling his regrets. As we get older, we look back and wish that we have made better choices.     32    

Make better plans.

If you start to do something, you need to make a plan before doing it. The earlier, the better.

You will know what comes first and what comes last.     33    If changes happen, you can have more time to deal with them.

Live a more active life.

You can go around more often. More outdoor activities can keep you relaxed and active.    34      “Thank you” can bring a smile to someone’s face. Learn to say “sorry” and don’t be angry with others.

   35      

A friend may make your life and he or she can break your life as well. So you have to think twice when you choose a friend. Good friends will always give you better ideas. When you get into trouble, ask others for help. That little help may get you good results.

Never fear failure.

Everybody fails. Even the greatest person fails before he or she achieves success. We should not fear failure, because failure is not the end of the road.    36     

Life is good. We don’t have to live in our past, but we do hope that we can plan better, live better and work better when we have the chance to do so.

A. You also need to be kind.

B. We must take failure as a chance to learn and improve ourselves.

C. What can we do to avoid future regrets?

D. Regrets play an important part in our daily life.

E. You’ll also know what you should do and what you shouldn’t do.

F. Ask others for help.[来源:学*科*网]

G. Find the right friend.

四、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On September 19,2017, a deadly earthquake 37.________ (hit) Mexico, killing more than 300 people 38.________ destroying many buildings in the nation's capital, Mexico City. In the days that followed, rescue teams went out to search 39.________ people trapped by the earthquake. Among the humans digging through the ruins was a four­legged helper 40.________ (name) Frida.

Frida, a rescue dog, was named after Mexican painter Frida Kahlo. She is a sniffer dog (嗅探犬) with the Mexican Navy (海军). She is a 41.________ (value) member of her team, often getting into spaces that humans can't reach. According to the Navy, she has a “sixth sense” for 42.________ (find) humans, and that's unlike any other dog they've ever trained before. 43.________ is her job to sniff out people trapped by natural disasters. Frida has found 52 people after earthquakes and other disasters in Mexico, Haiti and Ecuador, and 12 of 44.________ (they) were found alive and 45.________ (successful) rescued.

Since the Mexican Navy shared a picture of the rescue dog on the Internet, Frida has been considered a hero. Like the rest of rescue 46.________ (worker), she is a hero to the victims (受害者) and their loved ones.

五、短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When talked about sports, I feel very excited. I like sports very much, and I love playing the tennis in particular. I remember one day when I got home after school, I turned off the TV and a tennis game was going on. I started to watch them, and I was attracted by the wonderful game gradual. I became a big fan of tennis from now on. I usually stay up late to watch tennis games. Li Na is my favorite players. I think she is one of the greater athletes in China. I sign up for a tennis training course several months ago, and my skills have improved a lot. In addition, I have some friends which also love tennis, and I often practise with them when I am free.

六、书面表达

假定你是李华，最近获悉你的美国网友Peter家乡受到飓风(hurricane)侵袭，损失惨重。请你用英语给Peter写一封慰问信。信的内容包括：

1. 得知情况及感受；

2. 表达安慰和鼓励；

3. 打算提供的帮助。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.

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 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters

   能力提升卷

参考答案

一、完形填空

1-5 BACBC     6-10 DABBB     11-15 CACCD     16-20 ADABC

二、阅读理解

21-24 CDAB       25-28 BBAB     29-31BAC

A

文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上几次强烈的大地震所造成的严重危害，并对其原因进行了阐述。

21. C  细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous (多山的)．”可知地震多发生在多山的国家。
22. D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Around 2,000 people died.”可知在1755年，发生在葡萄牙的地震大约有2000人死亡。
23. B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段三、四句“The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China，in which about 400,000 people were killed or injured.This earthquake happened in 1556.”可知史上最严重的地震发生在1556年，中国。
24. A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.”可知“地震越强烈，越多人死亡”这个表述是错误的。

B

25. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt.”可知答案。
26. B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Stay under a desk，table，or other strong furniture.”可知答案。
27. A 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.”可知地震期间不要出去会更安全一些。
28. B 主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据第一段最后一句“However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.”可知答案。

C

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，主题语境是生活。瓢泼大雨中作者的车子出了车祸。她们被好心人救护。后来雨过天晴，经检查，她们的伤势都不太严重。她认为那些帮助她们的人是天使。

29. B　细节理解题。由第一段的“the three of us sang to the radio at the top of our voice”及第二段开头的“It was a great trip”可知答案。
30. A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“She tried to enter the far right lane to find a place to stop”可知，雨下得非常大，Autumn想到路旁停车，所以她往最右边车道变道。
31. C　主旨大意题。作者一家在雨中遭遇了一场车祸，但一些陌生人尽力帮助她们。在她看来这些人就像天使一样出现在她们面前。

三、七选五

32-36 CEAGB

四、语法填空

37. hit　由“On September 19,2017”可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，故填hit。

38. and　设空处连接两个并列的动词­ing形式短语作结果状语，故填and。

39. for　search for...意为“搜寻……，寻找……”。

40. named　此处表示“一位叫Frida的帮手”，name与helper之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填named。

41. valuable　设空处作定语，修饰member，由“often getting into spaces that humans can't reach”可知，此处表示“宝贵的”，故填valuable。

42. finding　设空处作介词for的宾语，故填finding。

43. It　考设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是to sniff out people trapped by natural disasters，故填It。

44. them　设空处作宾语，表示“他们”，故填宾格them。

45. successfully　设空处作状语修饰过去分词rescued，表示“成功地”，故填successfully。

46. workers　设空处作宾语，worker是可数名词，由the rest of可知，此处应用名词复数，故填workers。

五、短文改错

When talked about sports, I feel very excited. I like sports very much, and I love playing the

         talking                                                             the   

tennis in particular. I remember one day when I got home after school, I turned off the TV and a

                                                                 on      

tennis game was going on. I started to watch them, and I was attracted by the wonderful game

                                    it             

gradual. I became a big fan of tennis from now on. I usually stay up late to watch tennis games. Li

gradually                           then      

Na is my favorite players. I think she is one of the greater athletes in China. I sign up for a tennis

              play                       greatest             signed

training course several months ago, and my skills have improved a lot. In addition, I have some

friends which also love tennis, and I often practise with them when I am free.

that/who

【详解】1. 分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和talk之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，故讲talk改为talking。

2. 此处考查短语play tennis打网球，该短语中没有定冠词，故删除playing后的the。

3. 结合上下文可知此处应是“我打开电视”，“打开”turn on，故将off改为on。

4. 此处代指前文提到的a tennis game（一场网球比赛），故应用it代替，故将them改为it。

5. 句意：从那时起我就成为网球迷。“从那时起”from then on，故将now改为then。

6. 此处应用副词修饰动词“be attracted by”(吸引)，故将gradual改为gradually。

7. 此处的player指该句中的LiNa,故应用单数形式，故将players改为player。

8. 根据the和in China判断此处应用形容词最高级，故将greater改为greatest。

9. 根据several months ago（几个月前）判断为一般过去时，故将sign改为signed。

10. 指人的先行词friends在从句中充当主语，故应用关系代词who/that，故将which改为who/that。

六、书面表达

Dear Peter,

I’m awfully sorry to hear that a horrible and severe hurricane unexpectedly hit your hometown and caused a great loss. Shocked to learn the terrible news, I feel upset about your suffering.

Though sorrowful, you have to be tough to stand up to any bad conditions. I think you, as a strong-willed person, can get through this difficult period. You will definitely gather all your courage to face and handle the mess that the hurricane brought about.

Thinking about your present situation, I feel sincere pity for you, and I’ll be there for you whenever you need any help! If necessary, I will call on my classmates to make a donation to you to help you go through the difficultly.

Never give up hope and be strong! Longing for good news from you!

Yours Sincerely,

Li Hua

【分析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封慰问信，表达对朋友的关心和帮助。

【详解】第一步：审题

体裁：应用文

时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时，一般现在时和一般将来时。

要求：

1. 得知情况及感受；

2. 表达安慰和鼓励；

3. 打算提供的帮助。

第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）

horrible，severe，hurricane, hit , loss, upset , stand up to, get through, bring about, whenever ,help, call on, make a donation, give up

第三步：连词成句

1. I’m awfully sorry to hear that a horrible and severe hurricane unexpectedly hit your hometown and caused a great loss.

2. I feel upset about your suffering

3. you have to be tough to stand up to any bad conditions

4. I think you, as a strong-willed person, can get through this difficult period.

5…. face and handle the mess that the hurricane brought about.

6. I feel sincere pity for you

7. I will call on my classmates to make a donation to you to help you go through the difficultly.

8. Never give up hope

根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last

2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,

3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…

4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result

连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，

第五步：润色修改