高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage教案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage教案，共9页。教案主要包含了即时演练1，即时演练2，解题导语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
用适当的关系词填空
1．(教材P4)There cmes a time when the ld must give way t the new, and it is nt pssible t preserve everything frm ur past as we mve twards the future．
2．(教材P4)After listening t the scientists wh had studied the prblem, and citizens wh lived near the dam, the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help in 1959．
3．(教材P4)Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether again in a place wherethey were safe frm the water．
4．(教材P8)Tday, the caves are just as internatinal as they were at the time when peple travelled the Silk Rad．
定语从句的种类
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
1．限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有wh, whm, whse, that, which, as；关系副词有where, when, why。
◆This is the cmputer (that/which) he bught fr his sn yesterday．
这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。
◆The wman wh/that survived the earthquake is Amy’s English teacher．
在地震中幸存的那个女人是埃米的英语老师。
◆I live next dr t a cuple whse children ften make a lt f nise．
我隔壁住着一对夫妇，他们的孩子经常吵闹。
2．非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。
◆He is English, which I knw frm his accent．
他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。
◆I heard a terrible nise, which brught my heart int my muth．
我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。
【即时演练1】——用适当的关系词填空
①Hlly, wh is frm Australia, has a gd cmmand f Chinese．
②(2018·北京卷)She and her family bicycle t wrk, which helps them keep fit．
③His parents wuldn’t marry her t anyne whse family was pr．
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法比较
1．形式不同
限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。
◆Here is the man wh has been punished by the bss．
这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。(限制性定语从句)
◆The prject, which lasted three years, cst n less than $1 billin．
这个工程历时三年，耗资多达十亿美元。(非限制性定语从句)
2．先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。试比较：
◆This is the best nvel that I have ever read．
这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(限制性定语从句，先行词是nvel)
◆The nvel, which I read last night, is very interesting．
我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定语从句，先行词为nvel)
◆The nvel is very interesting, which makes me very excited．
那部小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。(非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容)
3．关系词的使用情况不同
(1)that, why不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，指物时要用which代替that, fr which代替why
◆Mst peple didn’t vte fr him, which disappinted him．
大多数人没有投票支持他，这使他感到失望。
◆I have tld them the reasn, fr which I changed my mind．
我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。
(2)关系代词替代情况不同
①关系代词whm在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用wh代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用wh代替。
◆This is the man (whm/wh/that) we are talking abut．
这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。(限制性定语从句)
◆The ld wman has three sns, whm she is prud f．
这位老妇人有三个引以为豪的儿子。(非限制性定语从句)
②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用wh或whm。
◆She has a yunger brther, wh is an English teacher．
她有一个弟弟，他是一名英语老师。
(3)关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。
◆This is a gd film (which/that) I saw a few days ag．
这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。(限制性定语从句)
◆The summer hliday, which we’re lking frward t, is drawing near．
我们盼望的暑假就要来了。(非限制性定语从句)
(4)非限制性定语从句由“介词＋关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代词用which或whm
◆Seven peple were caught in the big fire that brke ut n Friday, fur f whm(＝f whm fur) were badly injured．
七人被困在星期五发生的大火里，其中四人严重受伤。
◆I have bught tw pens, bth f which write well．
我买了两只钢笔，写起来都很好用。
【即时演练2】——完成句子
①她的姐姐明年将要出国，她教我们英语。
Her sister, wh_teaches_us_English,_will g abrad next year．
②这就是怀特先生，你等了很久的人。
Here is Mr．White, whm_yu’ve_been_waiting_fr a lng time．
③她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。
She has fund the necklace (that)_she_lst_tw_weeks_ag．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ) 用适当的关系词填空，必要时加介词
1．The palace that/which was built three hundred years ag is nw in bad cnditin．
2．Have yu seen the lady in the picture wh/that has a pair f bright blue eyes?
3．The man wh/whm/that the headmaster is talking with is frm Fudan University．
4．Tai Dng, where I was brn and grew up, is a small city in sutheastern Taiwan．
5．Jane liked the cmputer very much, whse price was mre than 1，000 dllars．
6．Mr．Green said that Suzhu was the first city that he had visited in China．
7．Lucy didn’t tell him the reasn why/fr_which she left her hmetwn fr New Yrk．
8．Our father, a great dctr, saved a dying patient tday, which made us prud．
9．The big ship sank in the area where/in_which there were nt many strms．
10．He lved his parents deeply, bth f whm are very kind t him．
11．Mr．Chen is nw in a situatin where/in_which he will have t leave the cmpany as sn as pssible．
12．Our teacher, wh teaches us gegraphy, is very interested in music．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ) 语法与写作(用关系词升级为定语从句)
1．We visited the astrnaut．The astrnaut had stayed in space fr ten days．
We_visited_the_astrnaut_that/wh_had_stayed_in_space_fr_ten_days．
2．Rse and I lived in the same rm．We ften spent nights talking in the rm．
Rse_and_I_lived_in_the_same_rm_where_we_ften_spent_nights_talking．
3．The lake wn’t disappint yu．The lake has such wnderful scenery．
The_lake,_which_has_such_wnderful_scenery,_wn’t_disappint_yu．
4．The sldiers arrived at the farmhuse．In frnt f the farmhuse sat a by．
The_sldiers_arrived_at_the_farmhuse,_in_frnt_f_which_sat_a_by．
5．I’m grateful t Peter．Peter’s care helped me thrugh my hard times．
I’m_grateful_t_Peter,_whse_care_helped_me_thrugh_my_hard_times．
6．The primary schl has clsed dwn．I studied in the primary schl fr five years．
The_primary_schl,_where_I_studied_fr_five_years,_has_clsed_dwn．
7．His bedrm is very bright．The bedrm’s windw faces suth．
His_bedrm,_whse_windw_faces_suth,_is_very_bright．
8．The factry was set up by his uncle ten years ag．We visited the factry last weekend．
The_factry,_which_we_visited_last_weekend,_was_set_up_by_his_uncle_ten_years_ag．
9．This is a pht f ur friends．We went n hliday with them．
This_is_a_pht_f_ur_friends,_with_whm_we_went_n_hliday．
10．It is helpful t have a few wise and reliable friends．Yu can turn t them fr advice．
It_is_helpful_t_have_a_few_wise_and_reliable_friends,_whm_yu_can_turn_t_fr_advice．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ) 单句语法填空
1．He talked abut the teachers and schls that he visited a few days ag．
2．Sme f the rads were flded, which made ur jurney mre difficult．
3．Natural resurces are things that/which are fund in nature and can be used by humans．
4．The German Ftball Team left the Wrld Cup halfway, which made its fans heartbrken．
5．There are tw reasns why I’ve decided t read ne f his letters t the audience natinwide．
6．As yu knw frm what I said, my mther takes a healthy diet seriusly．
7．Sprts, withut which yu may be weak, mean a lt in life．
8．Tell us the day when yu are cming, and we’ll prepare yur rm．
9．I bught a bk which I think culd help me with my grammar．
10．I’m lking fr a stre where rganic vegetables are sld．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ) 阅读理解
Raccns are smaller relatives f bears．They are native t Nrth America, but they can als be fund in Asia and Eurpe．Raccns live in wded areas clse t water, but they can be ften fund near urban areas．There are abut 7 different species f raccns．Pygmy raccn is the nly endangered species．
Raccns usually reach 40 t 70cm in length and weigh between 5－26kg．Raccns that live in clder climates are larger and heavier．They have grayish fur, black masks arund eyes and lng tails cvered with black and brwn bands．Because f their tails, they are als called “ringtail”．
Raccns_are_mnivres．They like t eat insects, eggs, small mammals, fruit, berries, garbage, and s n．Raccn’s hands lk like human’s．They each have five fingers and are used t cllect fd, pen shells, dr r trash cans．Raccns ften place fd in water befre they start t eat it．They have highly sensitive sense f tuch and water increases their sensitivity even mre．By tuching the fd, they get better insight abut things they will eat．
They are easily adaptable(适应的) t varius envirnments．They can live in hllw(中空的) trees equally happily like they can in useless cars．Raccns live n their wn and hunt at night．They dn’t hibernate(冬眠), but they spend the cldest days f winters in their hles．
Mating(交配) seasn takes place frm January t mid March．Tw mnths later, female will give birth t 3－4 babies．Their tails dn’t have bands, and the mask arund eyes is still missing．Mther is very prtective and she will teach them hw t survive and what t eat as they becme ready t leave the hle．Raccns usually can live nly 1．8 t 3．1 years in the wild, but they can live up t 20 years at a z．
Raccns can pass rabies, a kind f disease, t hme­raised animals and peple, which is very dangerus．What’s mre, their waste ften has rundwrms．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了与浣熊有关的一些知识。
1．What d we learn abut raccns?
A．They lve living near water．
B．They are at risk f dying ut．
C．They lve getting clse t humans．
D．They nly live in areas far frm urban areas．
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的Raccns live in wded areas clse t water以及第三段的Raccns ften place fd in water befre they start t eat it．可推断，浣熊喜欢住在水边。
2．What des the authr mst prbably mean by saying “Raccns are mnivres．”？
A．They dn’t hibernate．
B．They are very large animals．
C．They are sensitive t fds’ tastes．
D．They feed n many different types f fd．
D 解析：句意理解题。根据第三段的They like t eat insects, eggs, small mammals, fruit, berries, garbage, and s n．可推测，作者是想说明浣熊是杂食动物。
3．What are raccns gd at?
A．Finding fd in deep water．
B．Using their feet t pen fd．
C．Adapting t a new envirnment．
D．Telling differences amng smells．
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的They are easily adaptable(适应的) t varius envirnments．可知，浣熊很擅长在新的环境里生活。
4．After reading the text, we can say that________．
A．raccns like attacking humans
B．peple cnsider raccns very lvely
C．raccns and bears have a lt in cmmn
D．it’s better that humans keep away frm raccns
D 解析：推理判断题。根据末段Raccns can pass rabies, a kind f disease, t hme­raised animals and peple, which is very dangerus．What’s mre, their waste ften has rundwrms．可推测，人还是不要接触浣熊比较好。
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ) 七选五
Self­lve is smetimes cnsidered as selfish．1．________ If yu want t teach thers t lve themselves, yu shuld help them build their self­esteem(自尊心)．Here are sme tips fr yu．
Stress that they shuldn’t feel guilty(惭愧的) abut lving themselves．Sme peple think that self­lve is selfish．If the persn yu’re helping is guilty abut self­lve, emphasize that there’s nthing wrng with having a psitive self­image．Remind them that self­lve is nt the same as selfishness．Instead, describe it as being “self­full”．2．________
3．________ Have them write dwn their talents, their psitive characteristics, and the hbbies they enjy．Examples might include gardening, having a great sense f humr, r being gd at a sprt．If they have truble cming up with psitive traits, let them knw what yu admire abut them．
Remind them that they shuldn’t cmpare themselves t thers．Everyne has different abilities, qualities, and passins．4．________ Tell them that they shuldn’t feel bad abut themselves because f smene else’s talents r traits．
Encurage them t help thers．In additin t teaching yur lved nes t develp a psitive attitude, suggest that they help thers whenever pssible．Helping lved nes is a cncrete way f aviding lw self­esteem．5．________ They culd als vlunteer fr their favrite things, such as fr the animal shelter and sup kitchen．
A．This means lving and caring fr themselves．
B．Tell them t make a list f their psitive qualities．
C．Explain that self­esteem shuldn’t be based n thers’ pinins．
D．Hwever, it’s an imprtant but ften verlked part f mental health．
E．Fr example, they culd help their friends study r help with husehld prjects．
F．Spending t much time n scial media can als lead t unhealthy cmparisns．
G．Therefre, yu shuld tell yur lved nes t accept their strengths and weaknesses．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何教别人要爱自己，建立自己的自尊心。
1．D 解析：此空设于段中，与上文之间存在逻辑上的转折关系。自爱有时候被认为是自私的。但是，它却是心理健康中很重要却容易被忽视的一部分。
2．A 解析：此空设于段末，与上文之间存在逻辑上的解释关系。此空是对“self­full”的解释说明。
3．B 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主旨句。后面提到的内容都是围绕要让他们列出他们积极的品质展开的。
4．G 解析：此空设于段中，与上文之间存在逻辑上的因果关系。每个人都有不同的能力、品格和激情。因此，你应该告诉他们要敢于接受自己的优点和缺点。
5．E 解析：此空设于段中，与上文之间存在逻辑上的解释关系。此空是在举例说明帮助他人的方式。
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅳ) 语法填空
D yu knw plar bears well? In this article, we will discuss sme 1．____________(amaze) facts abut plar bears．
Black skin and white fur．Interestingly, plar bears usually have black skin which 2．____________(cver) with fur．When yu see the bear white, it is because 3．____________(it) fur is a hllw transparent tube(中空透明管) that nly 4．____________(reflect) light．This feature gives plar bears great advantage in their envirnment especially when they are hunting．
Plar bears live in cld 5．____________(place)．The natural habitat(栖息地) f plar bears is in the Arctic in Canada, Russia, and s n．While the Arctic is knwn fr extremely freezing temperatures, bears still manage t remain warm thanks 6．____________ the 10cm thick layer f fat under their skin and their thick furry cat．
Their ppulatin．It is estimated(估计) that there are abut 20，000 plar bears．Plar bears are used t freezing temperatures．Hwever, because the glbal temperature is rising, ice n the sea melts a bit 7．____________(fast) than usual．This way, bears dn’t have enugh time 8．____________(hunt) fr fd, s they are easy t get hurt．Each f the cuntries 9．____________ bears have their natural habitat fllws strict rules n hunting plar bears t prevent them 10．____________facing extinctin．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关北极熊的一些有趣的知识。
1．amazing 解析：考查形容词。此处用来修饰物，意为令人惊奇的，故填amazing。
2．is cvered 解析：考查动词的语态。which指代主语black skin，故谓语动词用单数，又因为black skin与cver构成动宾关系，故填is cvered。
3．its 解析：考查代词。因为后面跟名词，故用其形容词性物主代词，故填its。
4．reflects 解析：考查主谓一致。主语是that，指代a hllw transparent tube(中空透明管)，因此谓语动词用单数形式，故填reflects。
5．places 解析：考查名词的数。此处泛指“寒冷的地方”，因为place是可数名词，故填places。
6．t 解析：考查固定搭配。thanks t是固定搭配，意为“多亏；由于”，故填t。
7．faster 解析：考查副词的比较级。因为前面有a bit修饰，后面跟than，且用来修饰动词melt，故用副词的比较级形式。
8．t hunt 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作后置定语，故填t hunt。
9．where 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是cuntries，在从句中作状语，故填where。
10．frm 解析：考查介词。prevent sb．frm ding sth．是固定句式，故填frm。