高中英语上教版必修一 Unit4.同步资料含课文翻译（含答案）

Unit 4 Customs and Traditions

In this unit,we are going to
·describe customs and traditions,around the world
·develop an awareness of underlying cultural values in various customs and traditions
·find common ground with a diagram
·listen for key words,achieve paragraph unity,and give an introduction to a presentation

Reading A
Why are there coming-of-age ceremonies in different cultures?How are they celebrated?Read the text and learn about coming-of-age ceremonies.

GROWING WORLDWIDE
Entering adulthood is an important step in everyone’s life. It means that a young person must soon leave childishness behindleave sth behind: 留下…
leave sb. alone 让某人独自呆着
and start to shoulderV-T If you shoulder the responsibility or the blame for something, you accept it. 肩负
例：
He has had to shoulder the responsibility of his father's mistakes.
他不得不肩负起他父亲所犯错误的责任。
grown-up responsibilities.

In Germany, there’s a ceremony called “Jugendfeier,” or “youth celebration,” a coming-of-age ceremony for 14-year-olds. They go to school to prepareprepare /prɪˈpɛə/ 
1. 
V-T If you prepare something, you make it ready for something that is going to happen. 准备
On average each report requires 1,000 hours to prepare.
平均每份报告需要1000个小时来准备。
2. 
V-T/V-I If you prepare for an event or action that will happen soon, you get yourself ready for it or make the necessary arrangements. (为…) 作准备; 准备 (做某事)

He had to go back to his hotel and prepare to catch a train for New York.
他不得不回宾馆准备赶火车去纽约。

for the occasion, studying topics thought to be important for young citizens of the future. The things these young people learn about includeinclude /ɪnˈkluːd/ 
V-T If one thing includes another thing, it has the other thing as one of its parts. 包括
例：
The trip has been extended to include a few other events.
行程已经延长以包括其他几项活动。

multiculturalism and general responsibilities in society.

“Jugendfeier” began in the 19th century, when awareness of civiccivic /ˈsɪvɪk/  
1. 
ADJ You use civic to describe people or things that have an official status in a town or city. 市政的 [ADJ n]
例：
...the businessmen and civic leaders of Manchester.
…曼彻斯特的商人们和市政领导。
2. 
ADJ You use civic to describe the duties or feelings that people have because they belong to a particular community. 市民的; 公民的 [ADJ n]
例：
...a sense of civic pride.
…市民自豪感。

practices was on the risebe on the rise 呈上升趋势 ; 上升
. At the ceremony, a teacher makes a speechmake a speech 发表演说
about values, such as having respect forrespect /rɪˈspɛkt/ 
1. 
V-T If you respect someone, you have a good opinion of their character or ideas. 尊重
例：
I want him to respect me as a career woman.
我要他把我作为一个职业女性来尊重。
2. 
N-UNCOUNT If you have respect for someone, you have a good opinion of them. 敬重
例：
I have tremendous respect for Dean.
我非常敬重迪安。

other people and having a sense ofa sense of… …感：a sense of humour 幽默感
duty. The idea is that该句是表语从句，that不做句子成分，只起引导作用且不能被省略。
the young people taking part in the ceremony will take ontake on
1. 
PHRASAL VERB If you take on a job or responsibility, especially a difficult one, you accept it. 承担
例：
No other organization was able or willing to take on the job.
没有任何其他组织能够或愿意承担这项工作。
2. 
PHRASAL VERB If something takes on a new appearance or quality, it develops that appearance or quality. 呈现 [no passive]
例：
Believing he had only a year to live, his writing took on a feverish intensity.
他认为自己只有一年能活了，他的文字呈现出一种极度的狂热。

these values for themselves. Perhaps it’s fairfair /fɛə/ )，常考的多义词：
1. 
ADJ Something or someone that is fair is reasonable, right, and just. 公平的
I wanted them to get a fair deal.
我希望他们得到一个公平的交易。
2. 
fairly ADV 公平地
例：
...demonstrating concern for employees and solving their problems quickly and fairly.
…证实对雇员的关注以及迅速公平地解决他们的问题。

3. 
ADJ A fair amount, degree, size, or distance is quite a large amount, degree, size, or distance. 相当大的; 相当远的 [ADJ n]
例：
My neighbours across the street travel a fair amount.
我街对面的邻居们去过相当多的地方。

4. 
ADJ A fair guess or idea about something is one that is likely to be correct. 合理的[ADJ n]
例：
It's a fair guess to say that the damage will be extensive.
说破坏将很严重是合理的猜测。

5. 
ADJ If you describe someone or something as fair, you mean that they are average in standard or quality, neither very good nor very bad. 一般的
例：
Reimar had a fair command of English.
赖马尔具备一般的英语水平。

6. 
ADJ Someone who is fair, or who has fair hair, has light-coloured hair. 浅色头发的
例：
Both children were very like Robina, but were much fairer than she was.
两个孩子都很像罗比娜，但是头发颜色比她的浅得多。

7. 
ADJ  金发的
例：
...a tall, fair-haired man.
…一个金发的高个男人。
8. 
ADJ Fair skin is very pale and usually burns easily. 白皙的
例：
It's important to protect my fair skin from the sun.
保护我白皙的皮肤不受日晒是很重要的。

9. 
ADJ When the weather is fair, it is quite sunny and not raining. 晴的 [正式]
例：
Weather conditions were fair.
天气状况晴好。
10. 
N-COUNT A county, state, or country fair is an event where there are, for example, displays of goods and animals, and amusements, games, and competitions. 集市
例：
Every autumn I go to the county fair.
每个秋季我都去县里的集市。

to say that “Jugendfeier” is treated differently from other coming-of-age events in the world—it’s more serious thanthan 既可以做介词，也可以做连词；此句中than引导比较状语从句。
it is fun.

In Latin American, there is a coming-of-age tradition called “quinceanera.” It is a celebration for girls on their 15th birthday, marking V-T Something that marks someone as a particular type of person indicates that they are that type of person. 表明 (为某一种类的人)
例：
Her opposition to feminism marks her as a convinced traditionalist.
她对女权主义的反对表明她是一个坚定的传统主义者。
a girl’s entry into womanhood. In the past, “quinceanera” was connected withV-T If you connect a person or thing with something, you realize that there is a link or relationship between them. 将 (某人、某物与某事物) 联系起来
例：
I hoped he would not connect me with that now-embarrassing review I'd written seven years earlier.
我希望他不会把我和我7年前写的、现在读起来令人难堪的评论联系起来。

【固定搭配】 be connected with…与…联系
marriage. Girls were taught cooking, sewing, and other general household skills before the special day to get prepared for their upcoming marriage. Traditional ceremonies began when the teenager arrived, with her father. He would dance with her, and then “give her away” to dance with other males from among their family and circle of friends.

Today, the ceremony has become more like an individual celebration of the young person’s coming-of-age—similar tobe similar to…与…相似
how one’s 18th birthday is considered an important day in other cultures.

In some Indian families, the sacredsacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/ adj. 神圣的；宗教的
例：
The owl is sacred for many Californian Indian people.
猫头鹰对于很多加利福利亚的印第安人来说是神圣的。
thread ceremony is performed when a boy is grown-up. He is given three strands of the sacred thread which representrepresent作动词时，常用以下义项：
1.
V-T To represent an idea or quality means to be a symbol or an expression of that idea or quality. 代表; 象征; 反映
例：
New York represents everything that's great about America.
纽约象征着美国伟大的一切。

2.
V-T If you represent a person or thing as a particular thing, you describe them as being that thing. 描写; 描绘

例：
The popular press tends to represent him as an environmental guru.

大众媒体倾向于把他描绘成环保领袖。
three promises he makes: to respect knowledge, to respect his parents and to respect society.

It is said that the sacred thread ceremony marks a new life. The child, traditionally, leaves his family to go and live with the Guru (teacher).At this point the boy becomes “twice-born.” In Indian traditions, a human being has at least two births—the first one is his physical birth and the second one his intellectualintellectual adj 智力上的；和智力有关的
birth through a teacher’s care. At this ceremony, a Guru accepts a child and drawsdraw做动词时，有托、拉的意思；本句中翻译成引领。
him towards knowledge.

Coming-of-age traditions vary significantlysignificantly 意义重大地，重要地；显著地
from culture to culture. Nearly every society has specific ritualsritual /ˈrɪtʃuəl/
n. 仪式；惯例；礼制
adj. 仪式的；例行的；礼节性的
, ceremonies, and traditions to symbolisesymbolize
V-T If one thing symbolizes another, it is used or regarded as a symbol of it. 象征

例：
The fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized the end of the Cold War between East and West.

柏林墙的倒塌象征着东西方冷战的结束。
or celebrate one’s transitiontransition 既可以作动词，也可以是名词；注意和“to”搭配：
transitions from one state or activity to another, they move gradually from one to the other.
从…转向…


from childhood to adulthood.


【参考译文】

全球各地的成长仪式

进入成年期是每个人生命中重要的一步。这意味着年轻人必须尽快把孩子气抛在脑后，开始承担起成年人的责任。
在德国，有一个叫做“Jugendfeier”的仪式，或“青年庆典”，一个14岁的成人仪式。他们去学校为这一时刻做准备，学习被认为对未来的年轻公民很重要的课题。这些年轻人学习的东西包括多元文化主义和社会的一般责任。

“Jugendfeier”开始于19世纪，当时人们对公民行为的意识正在上升。在仪式上，老师做一个关于价值观的演讲，如尊重他人和有责任感。他们的想法是，参加这个仪式的年轻人将为他们自己承担这些价值观。或许公平地说，“新生”事件的处理方式与世界上其他成人事件不同——它的严肃程度超过了它的乐趣。

在拉丁美洲，有一种成人的传统叫做“quinceanera”。这是女孩们庆祝15岁生日的活动，标志着女孩进入了成年期。在过去，“quinceanera”与婚姻有关。在这个特别的日子到来之前，女孩们要学习烹饪、缝纫和其他一般的家庭技能，为即将到来的婚姻做准备。当她和她的父亲到达时，传统的仪式开始了。他会和她一起跳舞，然后把她“送出去”，和其他来自家庭和朋友圈的男性一起跳舞。

如今，这个仪式更像是对年轻人的个人庆祝，类似于在其他文化中一个人的18岁生日被视为重要的一天。

在一些印度家庭，当一个男孩长大后，就会举行神圣的丝线仪式。神给了他三条神线，这三条神线代表了他的三个承诺:尊重知识，尊重父母，尊重社会。

据说，神圣的丝线仪式标志着新生命的诞生。按照传统，这个孩子会离开家人去和古鲁(老师)住在一起。在这一点上，男孩成为“两次出生”。“在印度的传统中，一个人至少有两次出生——第一次是身体上的出生，第二次是在老师的照料下智力上的出生。在这个仪式上，一位古鲁接受了一个孩子，并吸引他走向知识。

不同的文化有不同的成年传统。几乎每个社会都有特定的仪式、仪式和传统来象征或庆祝一个人从童年到成年的转变。


Digging in
Comprehension
I.Answer the questions.
1.How many coming-of-age ceremonies are described in the text?
2.What do young people need to do to prepare for the “youth celebration” in Germany?
3.How has “quinceanera” changed over time in Latin America?Why?
4.What do the three strands of the sacred thread symbolise in India?
5.What are the two births that a human being experiences in Indian traditions?
II.Tick (√) the expectations related to coming-of-age ceremonies in different cultures.Support your choices with the sentence(s) from the text.An example is given.
Expectations
Germany
Latin America
India
Evidence from the text
1.having respect for other people
√

√
Germany: “having respect for other people” (lines 18-19)
India: “to respect knowledge,to respect his parents and to respect society” (lines 51-53)
2.developing a sense of responsibility




3.acquiring a multicultural perspective




4.being ready for household tasks




5.showing great respect for knowledge




III.Look at the apps and choose the ones that might appeal to the young people who are entering adulthood from Germany,Latin America or India.Note that one app might appeal to young people from different cultures.
Vocabulary Focus
I.Key Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words to complete the passage.
duty
adulthood
marriage
occasion
perform
represent
specific
youth
The experience of “coming-of-age,” the transition from childhood to ,is a significant stepping stone in the lives of most people.
In Germany,the coming-of-age ceremony is called “Jugend-feier,” which means
celebration.It is an important for 14-year-olds to think about various topics related to their future as citizens.At the ceremony,teachers deliver speeches about certain values such as having a sense of .This make the ceremony more serious.
In Latin America, “quinceanera” is a celebration for girls transitioning into woman-hood.In the past,girls were taught household skills in order to be prepared for .Now the ceremony is as an individual event like one’s birthday.
At an Indian coming-of-age ceremony,a boy is given three strands of the sacred thread,which three promises.
The start of adulthood is celebrated in different cultures with their own
rituals,ceremonies,and traditions.
II.Word Formation:Conversion
1.Read the two sentences and pay attention to the underlined words.Do they belong to the same word class?
(1) “Jugendfeier” began in the 19th century,when awareness of civic practices was on the rise.
(2) Their voices rose when they talked about the coming homecoming celebration.
Conversation is a word formation process whereby a word of one class is shifted into a word of another class without adding an affix.Here are some of the major types.
(1)Noun to verb conversion (e.g. view,voice,target,stage,mail,flash)
The foreign student values his exchange.
experience in the Chinese high school.
(2)Verb to noun conversion (e.g. desire,compare,match,like,decline,protest)
On the cover page is the New Year celebration in the China town.
(3)Adjective to verb conversation (e.g. pale,sour,calm,slow,narrow,yellow)
The host cleared his throat before giving a speech of the ceremony.
(4)Adjective to noun conversion (e.g. chief,Chinese,professional,chemical)
A native of Britain tends to talk about the weather in English.
2.Fill in the blanks in Column B by converting a word in Column A.Change forms where necessary.
A
B
(1)The photograph of the coming-of-age ceremony from 20 years ago have become yellow with age.
I can still recognise my mother although the photographs with age.
(2)At “Jugendfeier” yesterday.Mr Kaufmann expressed the hope that young students would take more responsibilities from then on.
Young students started to shoulder their responsibilities and Mr Kaufmann .
(3)The students are asked to match the traditions with the festivals.
Some of the traditions are not the right for the festivals.
3.Study the underlined converted words in the passage.Try to explain the original sentence or make another sentence with another form of the word.An example is given.
In ancient China,when a girl was aged 15,a hair-pinning ceremony (Ji Li) would be held to mark the occasion on the third day of the third month according to the Chinese lunar calendar.Girls would wash and comb their hair and a ceremony master would put a pin in it.
The coming-of-age ceremony for boys used to take place when they were 20.Respectable seniors were invited to perform the capping ceremony (Guan Li) for the boys.
Becoming an adult is an important stage in one’s life.It means that you need to shoulder grown-up responsibilities while also enjoy a bigger say in your own affairs.
EXAMPLE
age
v. In ancient China,when a girl was aged 15,a hair-pinning ceremony would be held...
n. In ancient China,at the age of 15,a girl would attend a hair-pinning ceremony which was held...
n. Inuit boys go out the wilderness with their fathers between the ages of 11 and 12 to test their hunting skills.
Grammar in Use
Passive (review+present continuous passive and present perfect passive)
I.Read the sentences.Underline the passive verbs and discuss why the passive voice is used.
1.In some Indian families,the scared thread ceremony is performed when a boy is grown-up.
2.It is said that the scared thread ceremony marks a new life.
Grammar Highlights
We use the passive voice to focus on the parson or thing affected by an action.Sometimes,we use the passive voice because we do not know or do not want to mention the one who performs the action.
Basic structure of the passive
subject+auxiliary verb (be)+main verb (-ed form)
National flags are often designed with many kinds of shapes on them,such as the sun,stars,the moon,animals and bars.
Present continuous passive
subject+am/is/are going+main verb (-ed form)
When the national flag is being raised,students should stand at attention and salute according to the constitution.
Present perfect passive
subject+has/have been+main verb (-ed form)
Laws have been made to govern the use of the national flag.
II.Read the birth traditions in different countries.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
1.When a baby turns one mouth old in China,a Full Moon ceremony (hold) to celebrate the first full month of life.
2.In Finland,babies come with a boxl For the past 75 years,Finland’s mothers-to-be
(give) a box by the government.It’s a starter kit of nappies,clothes,sheets and toys.
3.In a hospital in Brazil,different kinds of gifts (choose) b a soon-to-be mother as she asks her husband for advice.The gifts (give) to each penson who comes to the hospital when the baby is born.
4.In Jamaica,a mother who gave birth to a baby girl yesterday is now busy in the garden.The afterbirth and the card already (bury) by her in person in a specially chosen location and a tree now (plant) on that spot.The tree
(provide) by her parents before the birth of the baby.This tradition comes from a Jamaican expression that says, “Home is where your navel string is buried.”

Listening and Viewing
I.Answer the questions before listening to the radio programme.
1.In your opinion,at what age does one enter adulthood?
2.What does becoming an adult mean to you?
II.Listen and tick (√) the celebrations of Coming-of-Age Day in South Korea.
□A haircut
□Traditional clothes
□A bow to parents
□Traditional food
□A speech of encouragement
III.Listen again and complete the passage.One word for each blank.
The third Monday of May is the day to celebrate the occasion for those who turn
Years old that year.More than young people are to come of age this year.This means they will be able to enjoy the rights that come with adulthood,such as being able to .It also reminds them to take on real as adults.
Young participants dressed up in traditional South Korean clothes attended the Coming-of-age Day in Seoul.The event ended with the young adults offering a graceful bow to their parents so as to .The gesture also symbolised the beginnings of their journeys in the real world them.
IV.List some elements or activities that are necessary to describe a coming-of-age ceremony.
Culture Link (Coming-of-Age Tradition in Vanuatu)
In Vanuatu,a small island nation in the middle of the South Pacific,young boys come of age by jumping of a 98-foot-tall tower with a bungee-like vine tied to their ankles,just barely preventing them from hitting the ground.Boys there begin jumping at around 7 or 8.In their first dives their mother will hold an item representing their childhood,and after the jump the item will be thrown away,respecting the end of childhood.As boys grow older they will jump from taller towers,showing their manliness.
Birthday Traditions (Vodcast)
I.Watch the video in silent mode and count how many birthday traditions have been mentioned.
II.Watch again and complete the table with the information about birthday traditions.
Nationality
Age
Celebration
Meaning
Germans
?
A man’s friends will hang a “sockencranz,” or sock wreath,outside of his house.
are a symbol of his old age.
Jews
12/13
Girls have a bat mitzvah and boys have a bar mitzvah.
The ceremonies mean .
South Africans
?
Parents give their child a .
It stands for responsibility and the future.
Chinese
1
The baby is placed in front of books,flowers,stationery,coins,toys,etc. and asked to get something.
The items the baby reaches for indicate its .
III.Answer the questions.
1.Which of the above celebrations is(are) shared by your family or friends on their birthdays?
2.What other birthday traditions have you experienced or heard about?

Moving Forward
Introducing a Coming-of-Age Ceremony in China
I.Writing:Writing an introduction to a coming-of-age ceremony in China
A school in China is holding a coming-of-age ceremony when students from a US high school come to pay a visit.Chinese participants are asked to write an introduction to a certain Chinese coming-of-age ceremony to explain its history and celebrations to the American students.
Step 1:Work in groups.Each group collects information about a coming-of-age ceremony in a certain place or of a certain ethnic group such as the Miao or the Yi people.The information can include time,celebration,meaning,etc.
Step 2:Sort out the collected information and put the sentences in the right order.
Step 3:Write a paragraph in 60-80 words with a topic sentence,supporting sentences and a concluding sentence to achieve paragraph unity.
Writing Strategy (Achieving paragraph unity)
Paragraph unity is the quality of sticking to one idea from star to finish,with every supporting sentence contributing to the topic sentence of that paragraph and the concluding sentence echoing the topic sentence.
Coming-of-age ceremonies are rituals held all over the world to celebrate a young person’s transition from childhood to adulthood.For example,Inuit boys go out to the wilderness with their fathers to test their hunting skills;Senufo girls receive the girls’ ritual training including a ceremonial dance called the Ngoron to achieve womanhood.The age varies from culture to culture.The rituals are also diverse and likely to change as time goes by.But one thing that all coming-of-age ceremonies have in common is that they prepare a young person to take on rights and responsibilities as an adult.
II.Speaking:Making a presentation about coming-of-age ceremonies in China
Give a presentation on the Chinese coming-of-age ceremony based on the written paragraph.
Step 1:Work out a draft or an outline of the presentation based on the passage from the writing activity.
Step 2:Make a list of key words and summarise the main points in different part of the presentation.
Step 3:Use examples or pictures to make your introduction interesting.
Step 4:Take turns to give your presentations in class.
Speaking Strategy (Introducing a presentation)
A good introduction in a formal presentation in meant to achieve three goals:
·to catch the audience’s attention
·to identify the topic and the purpose r care message of the presentation
·to provide a brief overview of what you will cover in the presentation
Here are some useful opening techniques to catch the audience’s attention:
·quoting someone else, e.g. “Tradition is a guide and not a jailer.” by W. Somerset Maugham
·asking a question, e.g. “Have you ever smashed a cake on a birthday?Do you know where the tradition is from?”
·telling a joke or sharing a story, e.g. “One of the most famous April Fools’ pranks occurred in 1957,when BBC news programme Panorama reported on Switzerland’s spaghetti harvest.”
·making a bold statement, e.g. “In fifty years,there will be no schools.”


Reading B
HOMECOMING
Homecoming refersrefer to…和…有关。
refer有很多义项，记住常考的就能将其一网打尽：
1. 
V-I If you refer to a particular subject or person, you talk about them or mention them. 谈及
例：
In his speech, he referred to a recent trip to Canada.
在他的讲话中，他提到了最近的加拿大之行。
2. 
V-I If you refer to someone or something as a particular thing, you use a particular word, expression, or name to mention or describe them. 称
例：
Marcia had referred to him as a dear friend.
玛西娅把他称为好朋友。
3. 
V-I If a word refers to a particular thing, situation, or idea, it describes it in some way. 描述
例：
The term electronics refers to electrically induced action.
电子学描述的是电力产生的作用。
4. 
V-T If a person who is ill is referred to a hospital or a specialist, they are sent there by a doctor in order to be treated. 把…送往 [usu passive]
例：
She was referred to the hospital by a neighbourhood clinic.
她被一家社区诊所送往医院救诊了。
5. 
V-T If you refer a task or a problem to a person or an organization, you formally tell them about it, so that they can deal with it. 提交
例：
He could refer the matter to the high court.
他可以把这件事提交高等法院。
6. 
V-T If you refer someone to a person or organization, you send them there for the help they need. 介绍
例：
Now and then I referred a client to him.
我不时地介绍客户给他。
7. 
V-I If you refer to a book or other source of information, you look at it in order to find something out. 参考; 查看
例：
He referred briefly to his notebook.
他迅速查看了一下他的笔记。
8. 
V-T If you refer someone to a source of information, you tell them the place where they will find the information they need or that you think will interest them. 指点…查阅
例：
Mr. Bryan also referred me to a book by the American journalist Anthony Scaduto.
布赖恩先生还要我去查阅美国记者安东尼·斯卡杜托写的一本书。

to a tradition at many universities, colleges, and high school in the United States. It is a time to celebrate the school you are attendingattend做动词时，有参加,出席（会议），上（学）的意思；此外，还有照料、处理的意思。
1. 
V-T/V-I If you attend a meeting or other event, you are present at it. 参加; 出席
The meeting will be attended by finance ministers from many countries.
这次会议将有许多国家的财政部长出席。

2. 
V-T If you attend an institution such as a school, college, or church, you go there regularly. 上 (学); 去 (教堂)
例：
They attended college together at the University of Pennsylvania.
他们一起就读于宾夕法尼亚大学。
3. 
V-I If you attend to something, you deal with it. If you attend to someone who is hurt or injured, you care for them. 处理; 照料
例：
He took a short leave of absence to attend to personal business.

. And after you have graduated, it is a time to go back to your town and the campus, see old friends, and reminisce 
V-I If you reminisce about something from your past, you write or talk about it, often with pleasure. 缅怀往事; 叙旧 [正式]
例：
I don't like reminiscing because it makes me feel old.
我不喜欢回忆旧事，因为这让我觉得我老了。
【固定搭配】reminisce about sth. 缅怀… 回忆…

about your school days.
There are many activities that centre aroundcentre around 集中于；围绕着；以…为中心
homecoming, and they vary from school tovary是“变化、各不相同”的意思
vary from…to…因…而异。
Vary from person to 因人而异
【拓展】
vary with… 随…而变化
school. The celebrations generally start at the school with current students on Monday and last all the way throughall the way 副词短语，一直的意思。
the weekend when the alumni show up.
Many schools start their homecoming celebrations with Spirit Week. Starting on Monday, each day of the week is themed
themed ADJ A themed place or event has been created so that it shows a particular historical time or way of life, or tells a well-known story. 特定历史时期的; 围绕特定主题的
themed restaurant
主题饭店
, and students are encourageencourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事；
其被动式为sb. be encouraged to do sth.
to participate. For example, Monday could be “crazy hair day,” Tuesday could be “rent a senior day,” Wednesday could be “wear your pajamas to school day.” Some schools have competitions among the classes to see who has the most school spirit.
Some schools hold elections for Homecoming King and Queen with an accompanyingaccompany /əˈkʌmpənɪ/  
1. 
V-T If you accompany someone, you go somewhere with them. 陪伴 [正式]
例：
She was accompanied by her younger brother.
她由她的弟弟陪着。
2. 
V-T If one thing accompanies another, it happens or exists at the same time, or as a result of it. 与…相伴 [正式]
例：
This volume of essays was designed to accompany an exhibition in Seattle.
这部论文集是为配合西雅图的展览设计的。
3. 
V-T If you accompany a singer or a musician, you play one part of a piece of music while they sing or play the main tune. 为…伴奏
例：
On Meredith's new recording, Eddie Higgins accompanies her on all but one song.
在梅瑞迪斯的新唱片中，艾迪·希金斯为她伴奏了除一首歌以外的所有歌曲。

Homecoming Court of Princes and Princesses. Homecoming Court elections are different from school to school, but are generally held like this: the king and queen are selected from among the upper-level students while the court are first-year students. Since homecoming is all about school spirit, the students elected to the court are usually quite involved be involved in…参加
be actively involved in… 活跃参与
in school activities.
Some towns stage a homecoming parade with the school’s marching band, sports teams, and classic cars. It is a time for the whole town to get together, socialise, cheer on the football team and celebrate their town and high school.
A homecoming dance is just for the students of the school, and it usually takes placetake place 发生
on the Friday or Saturday night after Spirit Week. It is usually open tobe open to… 向…开放。
every student no matter what grade they are in. Some schools keep it casualcasual adj. 随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的
, while others make it a semi-formal affairaffair n 事务
. There is always a DJ or a band, but the place is up tobe up to… 取决于…;由…负责。
the school—sometimes it is in the gymnasium or cafeteria, and other times it is at an outside place. Either way, a homecoming dance is a time for the entire school to come together and partyparty做动词时，有开派对，尽情欢乐的意思：
They come to eat and drink, to swim, to party.
他们来吃饭、喝酒、游泳，尽情欢乐。

.


【参考译文】

同学会
返校节指的是美国许多大学、学院和高中的一项传统。这是一个庆祝你所就读的学校的时刻。毕业后，你可以回到你的城市和校园，看看老朋友，回忆一下你的学生时代。

有许多以返校节为中心的活动，各学校的活动也各不相同。庆祝活动通常从周一的在校学生开始，一直持续到周末校友们出现的时候。

许多学校以精神周开始返校节庆祝活动。从周一开始，每周的每一天都有主题，并鼓励学生参与。例如，周一可以是“疯狂发型日”，周二可以是“大四租一天”，周三可以是“穿睡衣上学日”。“有些学校会在班级之间进行竞赛，看谁最具有校风。

一些学校会选举返校节的国王和王后，返校节的宫廷里会有王子和公主。返校节宫廷选举各有不同，但一般是这样进行的:国王和王后从高年级学生中选出，而法庭则是一年级学生。因为返校节都是关于学校精神的，所以被选上的学生通常都很参与学校的活动。

一些城镇会举行有学校军乐队、运动队和老爷车的返校节游行。在这一天，全镇的人聚在一起，进行社交活动，为橄榄球队加油，庆祝他们的小镇和高中生活。

返校节舞会是专门为学校的学生举办的，通常在精神周之后的周五或周六晚上举行。它通常对每个学生开放，不管他们在什么年级。有些学校让它很随意，而有些学校则把它当作半正式的活动。总会有DJ或乐队，但地点由学校决定——有时在体育馆或食堂，有时在室外。不管怎样，返校舞会是全校聚在一起开派对的好时机。
Comprehension Plus
I.Answer the questions.
1.What is homecoming?
2.What do homecoming celebrations usually start with?
II.Fill in the blanks with the activities that centre around homecoming.
Homecoming Activities
(1)
Tradition:Each day of the week has a theme, e.g. “crazy hair day,” “rent a senior day.”
(2) for Homecoming King and Queen and Homecoming Court of Princes and Princesses
Tradition:The king and queen are upper-level students;the court are first-year students.
(3)Homecoming parade
Tradition:The whole town celebrates it with .
(4)
Tradition:There is a DJ or a band at the party,open to every student on Friday or Saturday night.

Critical Thinking
I.Summarise the traditions of the coming-of-age ceremonies,birthday and homecoming celebrations mentioned in this unit in the diagram.An example is given.
purpose of keeping traditions
to show respect:Jugendfeier in Germany/coming-of-age ceremony in South Korea
to develop a sense of responsibility: /
...
II.Look at the diagram you have completed.Explain the shared values between traditions in different cultures.

Further Exploration
Preparing a poster about customs around the world
Work in groups.Make a poster about customs in different cultures.
Step 1:Choose one type of the customs and three countries from the table.You can add more customs or countries to the table.
Customs in Different Cultures
CUSTOMS
COUNTRIES
Greeting
China
Greece
Brazil
Visiting
Japan
Egypt
South Africa
Dining
France
Spain
Indonesia
Dressing
Mexico
US
UK
Step 2:Search for information about the chosen custom in these three countries and put it in your poster.An example is given.
Step 3:Present the poster in class.
Self-assessment
Look at the expected learning outcomes of this unit and answer the questions.
A.Following coming-of-age customs,birthday traditions and homecoming traditions
B.Describing coming-of-age customs in a certain place of China
C.Making and presenting a poster about customs around the world
D.Figuring out similarities between traditions in different countries
E.Listening for key words in a report
F.Writing a unified paragraph on a coming-of-age ceremony in China
G.Using proper strategies to begin a presentation
Which of the above have you done well?Why and how?
Which of the above do you still find difficult?Why?
What do you plan to do if you find something difficult?