上教版高中英语第二册 Unit 1 No limits -基础班 同步讲义（学生版+教师版）

高一Unit1（基础版）
引入：
一、 选择最佳选项。
17. ________ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the stable political situation and the smooth development of production.
A. lt B. That C. What D. As
18. The reason _________I am writing to you is to remind you to attend the meeting to be held this Saturday afternoon.
A. which B. for that C. for which D. for why
19. Sam was determined to enter for the college specially for the old, _______it meant he had to attend classes for three nights a week.
A. as if B. even if C. provided D. where
20. __________, the mad cow disease caused the farm heavy losses.
A. It occurred that B. It occurred to where C. That it occurred D. Where it occurred
21. __________, wrong he does to me, I have faith in our friendship.
A. However B. Whatever C Although D. In spite of
22. All of them agreed to accept __________ they thought was the best at playing football.
A. whatever B. whichever C. whomever D. whoever
23.I think I have made clear ___________ the importance of this meeting.
A. it B. that C. 不填 D. what
24. Railway is to transportation ___________ blood is to a man's body.
A. what B. that C. how D. where.
25. They kept researching ___________ the effect ___________ pollution___________ life expectancy.
A. into; on; of B. on; of; into C. on; into; of D. into; of; on
26. Weekly film and concert schedules, which __________, ___________on Wednesday outside of the student club.
A. are arranged; will post B. are arranged; will be posted
C. are being arranged; will be posted D. are arranging; will have been posted
27. The children ___________ round a big desk, and soon they __________ in reading.
A. seated; absorbed B. were seated; were absorbed
C. seated themselves; absorbed. D. seated; were absorbed
28. Though there was a ____________ hope, the rescue team will keep on trying.
A. faint B. weak C. light D. slight
29. “Green agriculture” means ___________ farming that grows plants in soils.
A. chemical B. economical C. natural D. traditional
30. The school has gained improved exam result by ____________ parents more in their children’s education.
A. containing B. including C. involving D. mixing
31. Doctors advise that soft drinks should also be drunk in _____________ for the sake of health.
A. adequacy B. moderation C. amount D. subtlety
32. Recent pressure at work may _____________ his unusual behavior.
A. account for B. make the best use of C. be aware of D. be ahead of
【答案】DCBDB DCADC ADCBA

Extreme sports
Amazing, inspiring feats of daring and determination that will bring you everywhere from the high skies to the deep sea. Let’s talk about E-sports.

Discussion:
1. What kind of E-sports do you know?
2. Do you want to try? Which one do you prefer?
3. What’s people’s mood in adventure?

知识点一、重点单词和词组梳理
【知识梳理】
词汇
1. blame /bleɪm/
1）vt. 指责; 把…归咎于
The commission is expected to blame the army for many of the atrocities.
该委员会预计会将大量暴行归咎于军队。

2）n. 责备
Nothing could relieve my terrible sense of blame.
没什么能把我从极度自责中解脱出来。

3) n. (事故、过失等的) 责任
I'm not going to sit around and take the blame for a mistake he made.
我不会闲坐着，为他犯的错误承担责任。

4). vt. 责怪
I do not blame them for trying to make some money.
我不怪他们想要挣些钱。

【固定搭配】
blame sb for sth. 因…而责备某人
sb. be to blame for sth. 某人对…负责

2. pressure /ˈprɛʃə/
1).n 压力
She kicked at the door with her foot, and the pressure was enough to open it.
她用脚踢门，其产生的压力足以把门打开。
The pressure of his fingers had relaxed.
他手指的压力已经减弱了。

2)vt对…施加压力
He will never pressure you to get married.
他永远也不会给你施加压力让你结婚。

3. impress /ɪmˈprɛs/
1). vt 使留下印象
It didn't impress me as a good place to live.
那地方没有给我留下适合居住的印象。

2) vt. 使钦佩
What impressed him most was their speed.
最令他钦佩的是他们的速度。

4. solution /səˈluːʃən/ n. 解决办法; 谜底
Although he has sought to find a peaceful solution, he is facing pressure to use greater military force.
虽然他已设法寻找一个和平的解决办法，但他正面临着使用更大军事力量的压力。

We invited readers who completed the puzzle to send in their solutions.
我们邀请解完谜的读者交出谜底。

5. independent /ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt/ adj. 无关联的; 相互独立的
Your questions should be independent of each other.
你们的问题应该是相互间毫无关联的。

【固定搭配】
be independent of sth.

【反义词】
be dependent on sth. （注意形容词后面的介词搭配）

6. adapt /əˈdæpt/
1）.vt 使适应
The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change.
这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。

2）.vt 改装
Shelves were built to adapt the library for use as an office.
做了个书架，以便将这个图书馆改作一个办公室用

7. reveal /rɪˈviːl/ v.揭示；显示；透露
1) vt. 透露; 显示
She has refused to reveal the whereabouts of her daughter.
她已拒绝透露她女儿的行踪。
A survey of the American diet has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight.
一项有关美国人日常饮食的调查表明越来越多的人超重。

2). vt 使显露; 揭露
In the principal room, a grey carpet was removed to reveal the original pine floor.
在主房间里，一块灰色的地毯被挪开了，使原有的松木地板露了出来。

8. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbəl/
1). adj. 负有责任的
He still felt responsible for her death.

他依然觉得对她的死负有责任。


2) adj. 向…汇报的 (通常和“to”进行搭配)
I'm responsible to my board of directors.
我向我的董事会汇报。

9. reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbəl/ adj 可靠的
She was efficient and reliable.
她既能干又可靠。

10. extent /ɪkˈstɛnt/
1). n 程度
The government itself has little information on the extent of industrial pollution.
政府本身对工业污染的程度知之甚少。

2). n. 长度; 广度; 范围
Industry representatives made it clear that their commitment was only to maintain the extent of forests, not their biodiversity.
业界代表们申明他们只承诺维持森林的规模而不是其生物多样性。

【固定搭配】
to a large extent 在很大程度上
to some extent 在某种程度上

11. conduct v.组织；安排；实施
动词读作kənˈdʌkt。名词读作ˈkɒndʌkt。

1). vt. 组织并实施
I decided to conduct an experiment.
我决定做一项实验。

2). vt. 指挥 (交响乐、合唱等)
Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera.
丹尼斯最近成功地开始了指挥歌剧的生涯。
Solti continued to conduct here and abroad.
佐尔蒂继续在国内外指挥。

3). vt 传导 (热、电)
Water conducts heat faster than air.
水比空气导热快。

4）vt. 进行实施
Also up for discussion will be the conduct of free and fair elections.
还需讨论的是公平自由的选举如何进行。

5）n. 进行实施
Also up for discussion will be the conduct of free and fair elections.
还需讨论的是公平自由的选举如何进行。

6). n. (某人在某情形中的) 行为方式
For Europeans, the law is a statement of basic principles of civilized conduct.
对欧洲人来说，该法律是对基本文明行为原则的表述。

12. quit v.停止；戒掉
quit /kwɪt/
1) vt 辞去 (工作); 辞职
He quit his job as an office boy.
他辞去了办公室勤杂员的工作。

2). vt. 停止
A nicotine spray can help smokers quit the habit.
一种尼古丁喷剂可以帮助吸烟者戒烟。
Quit acting like you didn't know.
别装得像你不知道似的。
Quit it! That hurts!
戒掉它吧！这东西害人！

3).vt 彻底离开
Science fiction writers have long dreamed that humans might one day quit the earth to colonize other planets.
科幻小说作家们长期以来一直梦想着人类有一天可以离开地球移居到其它星球上。

13. charity /ˈtʃærɪtɪ/ n.慈善；赈济
1) n. 慈善机构
an AIDS charity. 一个艾滋病慈善机构。

2) n. 慈善
He made substantial donations to charity.
他做了大量的慈善捐赠。
Gooch will be raising money for charity.
古奇将为慈善筹集款项。

3) n. 救济金; 救济物

Her husband is unemployed and the family depends on charity.
她的丈夫失业了，全家靠救济度日。

14. account /əˈkaʊnt/
1) n. 账户
Some banks make it difficult to open an account.
有些银行使开一个账户困难重重。

2). n 客户
All three Internet agencies boast they've won major accounts.
所有的三家网络代理公司都夸口说他们已赢得了大客户。

3). n. 账目
He kept detailed accounts.
他保存了详细的账目。

15. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/
1). vt 维护
We will do everything to preserve peace.
我们将竭尽全力维护和平。

preservation n. 维护

2). vt. 保护
We need to preserve the forest.
我们需要保护森林。

16. ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/
1). adj 雄心勃勃的
Chris is so ambitious, so determined to do it all.
克里斯是如此雄心勃勃，如此坚决地要把它做完。

2). adj 宏大的
The ambitious project was completed in only nine months.
这个宏大的项目在仅仅9个月之内就完成了。

17. attempt /əˈtɛmpt/
1)vt .试图 (尤指做困难的事)
The only time that we attempted to do something like that was in the city of Philadelphia.
我们惟一一次试图做那样的事是在费城。

2). n 企图
a deliberate attempt to destabilize the defence.
蓄意削弱防御的企图。

【固定搭配】
attempt to do sth. 试图去做某事。

18. contain /kənˈteɪn/
1）. vt 有…在里面
The envelope contained a Christmas card.
该信封里装有一张圣诞贺卡。
The first two floors of the building contain retail space and a restaurant.
该大楼最底下两层有零售空间和一家餐馆。

2). vt 含有
Watermelon contains vitamins and also potassium.
西瓜含有维生素也有钾。

3). vt 控制; 阻止
More than a hundred firemen are still trying to contain the fire at the plant.
一百多名消防队员仍在努力控制工厂火势。

短语
1. be likely to 可能做；可能成为
The tension between the two countries is likely to remain.
两国之间的紧张局面可能持续。

2. due to 由于；因为
The coast road is closed due to bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，滨海公路暂时封闭。

3. social media 社交媒体
Social media has become a platform for advertisements.
社交媒体已经成为做广告的一个平台。

4. ice sheet 冰原；冰盖
The satellite USES radar to measure its altitude above the ice sheet.
卫星用雷达测定卫星从冰层顶部算起的高度。

5. apart from 除……之外（都）
I like all sports apart from football.
除足球外我喜欢所有的运动。

【例题精讲】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. You ______ (read) the novel for almost five hours. Why not join us and have a cup of tea?
2. The bridge is still under construction and ______ (expect) to complete in October.
3. They were ahead during the first half of the match, but ______ (beat) in the last five minutes.
4. The movie was not good enough, but I ______ (see) many worse ones.
5. Rain forests ______ (cut) at such a speed that they will disappear from this planet in the foreseeable future.
6. Sorry, Jim. I ______ (plan) to go to your birthday party, but my sister was sick.
7. Oh, what a pretty gift I ______ (not expect) you would bring me a gift.
8. By the time he left the college, he ______ (make) dozens of inventions.
9. When I met Mr. Smith five years ago, he ______ (work) as an interpreter in an import and export company.
10. At this time next week, we ______ (fly) across the Pacific to another continent.

【答案】
1. have been reading
2. is expected
3. were beaten
4. had seen
5. are being cut
6. had planned
7. didn’t expect
8. had made
9. was working


【巩固练习】
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
NOW he has a new computer, Mike is wondering what will happen to the old one. Well, after (1) _______(break) down into small pieces, it was sent to china by ship.
Things like this happen every day. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones. They (2) _______(send) to china illegally. This batch of e-waste was sent back to Japan, but sometimes e-waste gets through.
Computers (3) _______(fill) with dangerous poisons like mercury (水银) and lead (铅). Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs (4)_______ (deal) with safely. Usually computer parts are buried. E-waste is a problem. Countries like Japan and the US often send their e-waste to China. For years, Guiyu in Guangdong Province (5) __________ (describe) as “the e-waste capital of the world”.
The city has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year. This earns $75 million, (6) __________ it comes at a cost. Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way (7) __________ the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and acids are poured into rivers.
Greenpeace, an environmental group, has said that it has found the earth and rivers of Guiyu badly (8) _________ (pollute). Fortunately, laws about waste recycling (9) __________(make) to solve the problem, after all, the government wants the country to develop, but in a way (10) __________ doesn’t damage the environment and people’s lives.

【答案】
1. being broken
2. had been sent
3. are filled
4. to be dealt/dealing
5. is described/has been described
6. but
7. into
8. polluted
9. are being made/have been made
10. that/which

知识点二、省略 ( Ellipsis)
【知识梳理】
为了使语言简洁、避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接，人们常把某些词省略掉，这在英语中是普遍的。
一、 并且结构中的省略
（一） 省略主语
例如：
She went to the clinic and (she) saw a doctor.
He can speak, but can’t write, Russian.
(He can speak Russian, but can’t write it.)
A high position was offered to him, but (it) was declined.
To some life is pleasure, and to others (life is) suffering.

(二)省略整个谓语或谓语的主要部分
例如：
Either Sally must be responsible for the matter or we’ll be (responsible for the matter).
Dr Waston will meet some visitors this morning and Peter (will meet some visitors) this afternoon.
Bill, and perhaps Phil, will do it, too. (Bill will do it, and perhaps Phi will do it, too.)
Albert needn’t say, but George must (stay).
Smith will (teach modern essay), and Brown might, teach modern essay.
Smith will teach modern essay, and Brown might (teach modern essay), too.
The text will have been carefully collated and the mistkaes (will have been) corrected by the end of the month.

(三)省略宾语及宾语连同前面的及物动词一起省略
例如：
Edison invented (the light bulb), the manufactures produced (the light bulb), and the inhabitants used, the light bulb.
Laura is (teaching music), her mother has been (teaching music), and her sister might also be, teaching music.

(四)省略表语
例如：
They’re more afraid of you than you are of them.
Nigel is (an officer in the navy), and his son will also be, an office in the navy.
George was (interested in the performance), but Jim pretended to be, interested in the performance.

(五)省略状语
例如：
Mr Oliver teaches (in Cambridge), and his son studies, in Cambridge.
The father speaks but the son only dresses like an Englishman.
= The father speaks, but the son only dresses, like an English.

(六)省略冠词
例如：
Both the old and (the) young took part in the singing competition.
Is the baby a boy or (a) girl?

(七)省略介词
例如：
You may go by land or (by) water.
It is a matter of life and (of) death.

(八)省略名词
例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is for (the plan) or against the plan.
It is the listener’s (will) rather than the speaker’s will that is questioned.
注意：指示代词this, that, these, those为限定词时，并且名词的省略。
this (book) and that book
this time and that (time)
these (chairs) and those chairs
these books and those (books)

二、 状语从句中的省略
如果状语从句的主语和主语一致，而且状语从句谓语中有be动词，可以将状语从句的主语连同be动词一起省略。引导这类状语从句的连词有：when, while, though, if, unless, although等。其结构式为：连词+现在分词/过去分词/介词短语/名词/代词/副词/形容词/从句+主句
例如：
Jacob stared into my eyes while he whispered, as if to communicate something besides the words he spoke.
While (he was) doing so, he trembled a little.
When (it is) taken according to the instructions, the drug has no side effects.
He came across the picture while a visit to New York.
He could write poems when yet a child.
Don’t do it till too late.
He is better than when I last saw him.
I know you better than her.
He hurriedly left the room as though (he was) very angry.

注意：1）在if it is possible或when it is necessary 等类似结构中，it is常可省略。
If (it is) possible, we’ll build another railroad in this area.
We’ll have the old house pulled down when necessary.
Put a comma, where needed.
注意2)有些状语从句似乎有词省略，却很难说出省略了哪些词，特别是一些谚语中，例如：
Once bitten, twice shy.
More haste, less speed.
Out of sight, out of mind.

三、 比较结构中的省略
比较结构通常是有些成分被省略，或是省略与主句相同的部分，或是省略在特定下上文或情景中某些不言而喻的部分。
（一） 最高级比较结构中的省略 或是在一定上下文中省略比较范围，或是省略最高级后
的名词。
例如：
Which do you think is the prettiest?
Who lives nearest to school?
—Six juicy orange, please.
—These are our juiciest (oranges).
—I know that kind-they aren’t sweet.
—I’m sorry, they’re the sweetest ( oranges) we’ve got.

(二)as… as和more than
1.省略全部谓语
例如：He had the most beautiful soul, more beautiful than his brilliant mind or his incomparable face or his glorious body.
Clara is more ambitious than I (me非正式文体).
This house is not so expensive as the other one.
2.省略部分谓语
例如：
Wasn’t anybody later than we were?
Jane would do it much more quickly than I would.
3.省略主语和谓语的大部分
例如：
Things are no better than before.
The roads are much quieter here than in Loondon.
He is better than ( he was) when I last visited him.
4.下列比较分句中很难指明省略了什么。
例如：This meat is better than what we had last week.
或：This meat is better than we had last eek.
That is more than the workers could stand.
It’s far more important than how much it costs.
注意：在下列比较状语从句中可以说是省略了主语，也可以说是由as或than充当从句主语。例如：
I don’t think this is any better than was ordered.
He drove faster than was wise.
They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as could be.

四、 名词性从句和定语从句中的省略
（一） 名词性从句中的省略
在非正式文体中，连词that在主语从句和表语从句中可以省略；连词that引出从句位于句尾，而用it作形式主语放在句首时，that可以省略；若that引出同位语从句，则that不省略。
例如：It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week.
That you missed the sports meeting last week is a pity.
The only problem is (that) you can’t eat trees!
I think (that) it will clear up this afternoon.
We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come.

(二)定语从句中的省略
在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词who, whom, which，that常常省略。
例如：This is the film (that/ which) I saw last Saturday.
She is the girl (who/whom/that) they were walking about at the party.

(三)关系副词that的省略
在限制性定语从句中，that可以充当关系副词，在从句中作状语，修饰时间名词time, moment, day, year,地点名词place,方式名词way或原因名词reason等，可以省略。
例如：Do you remember the time (that) /when we all went to a night club?
Do you know the reason why/ (that)/ for which he was late?
This is the place (that) they swam across the river.
I like the way (that) she did it.

五、 动词不定式符号to的省略
（一） 在表示感觉的动词如：feel, hear, see, watch, observe, listen to, look at, notic以及使役
动词let, make, have等后面作宾补的不定式要省略to。但如果这些动词变为被动语态，to不省略。
例如：Harry watched her fly away for a few seconds.
I felt the house shake.
Have you noticed her cry?
He was seen to take the money.

（二） 在介词but, except后的不定式，如介词前面有实义动词do，介词后跟省略to的不定
式，否则，要跟带to的不定式
例如：They did nothing but complain.
He does everything in the house except put the children to bed.
You have no choice but to wait.

（三） 当主语部分有实义动词do时，作表语的不定式可以省略to.
例如：What we can do is (to) continue to wait.
The only thing you have to do is (to) press the button.

(四) 在用and或or等连接不定式并且作用相同时，常省略后面不定式to.
例如： She started to shout and cry.
I’d like to lie down and go to sleep.
I wished to finish my business and get away.
She asked you to telephone or wire to her on Monday.

六、 不定式符号的单独使用
为了避免重复前面已经出现过的动词，可以用不定式符号代替不定式结构，省略后面的部分。这种情况主要用于口语中。
（一） to代替不定式作宾语，常同be afraid, care, expect, forget, hate, hope, intend, mean, need,
like, plan, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等词连用。
例如：I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to (see the film).
We suggested that she reconsider the matter, but she refused to ( reconsider the matter).
I would mend your radio, but I don’t know how to ( mend it).

（二） to代替不定式作宾语补足语(有时to也可以省略)
例如：We should like Jane to get a good degree but we don’t really expect her to (get it)
If I don’t happen to remember to ring up Mr Smith, would you remind me to?
—May I go out this evening?
—Yes, I’ll allow you (to).

（三） 如果不定式是to be, to have done, to have been done,就不能只用不定式符号“to”来替
代被省略的动词及动词后的部分，而要用to be, to have, to have been。
例如：Were they informed of the delay of the shipment? — No, but they ought to have been.
Aren’t you director?— No, and I don’t want to be!
Hasn’t he finished the work? — No, but he ought to have.

七、 用替代词的省略
在某些情况下，当我们省略掉某个词、词组或句子时，还需要用某个替代词。常用的替代词有： do (does), so, not, neither, nor, do so, do that, do it, one ones, the same等。
（一） do可用来代替动词或动词加其他成分。
例如：
She speaks English more fluently than you do.(=speak English)
She speaks English more fluently than her brother does. (speak English)
Did you see the film? Yes, I did. (=saw the film)
Nelson hoped that they would all do their duty to the country as Englishmen should do.(= should do their duty to the country)

（二） so和not的替代
so可以代替单词、词组和句子，作call, expect, hope, do, fear, imagine, suppose, speak, say, tell, think, believe,be afraid, see, notice等的宾语；not代替否定的句子，用法与so相似，并可放在perhaps, probably, absolutely等副词后。这种用法也可与if连用。
例如： He must be a worker. I imagine so. (=that he is a worker)
She has not angry at first, but became so after a while. (=angry)
Has she finished reading the book? I hope so. (=that she has finished reading the book)
He is a great friend of mine and I hope he will always reamain so. (=a great friend of mine)
Is he the best student in the class?—I think so. (=that he is…)
I think not. (=that he is not …I don’t think he is… Perhaps not.)
They will return at the weekend.
I am afraid not. (=that he will not return at the weekend)
Please come if you can. If not (=If you can’t come), call me up.
—I was ill last week. — If so, why didn’t you tell me.

（三） do so, do that和do it的替代
do so可以替代动词加宾语，也可以替代动词加状语，so可以用it或that所取代，it指具体事物，that表示较重的口气。
例如：
She said she would go with me, but she didn’t do so. ( go with me)
Just finish off watering the flowers. And let me know when you’ve done so.(=finished off watering the flowers)
Henry is going to make the experiment and he wanted me to do it, too. (=make the experiment)
They played cards after supper and I watched them do that. (play cards).

(四)one和that作替代词的区别
one替代人和物，that只能代替物;one只能替代可数名词，that可替代可数名词和不可数名词；one可以前有置或后置定语，that只能有后置定语；one (不加定义)表示泛指，that表示特指。
例如：
I have a brother, one in the army.
Look at the picture, that on the wall.
The novel is an interesting as the one (或that) I read last year.
The weather here is colder than that in Beijing.
This is a red pen, and I have three other blue ones.
The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.
A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than one by a Chinese poet.

八、 不用替代词的省略
（一） 主语及主语和部分谓语的省略
例如：(It) Sounds funny.
(He) Who breaks pays.
(It is) Very kind of you to help me.
(I’m) Sorry, the line is busy.
(I’ve) Got it.

(二)助动词的省略
例如：（Do） You understand?
(Have) Children done their homework?

(三)There be的省略
例如：
（There’s） Nothing wrong with the machine.
(Is there )Anything I can do for you?
(四)祈使句和感叹句中的省略，祈使句通常省略主语you
例如：Close the window!
Don’t be afraid!
You read the text!
What a wide river ( it is)!

(五)在某些虚拟语气中可以省略should
例如：
He ordered that the soldiers ( should) put out the lights immediately.
It is important that we (should) study science and technology.

（六）介词在某些词组中的省略 *
be busy (in)doing
忙于做
occupy oneself (in) doing
从事于…
employ oneself (in) doing
从事于
pass (in) doing
花…做…
have a hard time (in) doing
做…很难
prevent… (from) doing
阻止…做
have difficulty (in) doing
做…有困难
spend… (in) doing
花…做…
have fun (in) doing
做…开心
stop… (from) doing
阻止…做
have trouble (in) doing
做…有麻烦
take …(in) doing
带…去做…
lose no time (in) doing
不失时机做
waste… (in) doing
做…浪费

【例题精讲】
1. The percentage of women who would stay at home full-time, ________ they could afford it, dropped from 39 percent in 1981 to 31 percent in this survey.
A. if B. until C. even if D. as
考点： 状语从句
分析： “那些全职待在家里的妈妈们，……..他们能负担起的话，”中间表示条件关系，意为“如果妈妈们能负担得起话”，所以选择if
2. You’ve switched the machine off. I told you not to, ________?
A. didn’t I B. haven’t you C. will you D. did I
考点： 反义疑问句
分析： 注意反义后句， I told you not to， 所以用didn’t I
3. The company wasted ________ investing in out of date technology.
A. a million pound B. millions of pounds
C. several millions of pound D. a million of pounds
考点： 数词
分析： 句意为“这个家公司浪费了几百万投资过时的技术” millions of +名词复数/ 数词+million +名词复数 选项C 中several 表示约数，相当于数字，应该为several million pound 所以正确答案为 B millions of pounds
4.Television has many advantages. It keep us ________ about the ________ news, and also provides entertainment in the home.
A. informed; latest B. to know; later C. learning; latter D. to think; late
考点： 非谓语动词
分析： keep sb doing , 让某人一直做某事
keep sb +非谓语动词，非谓语动词的形式取决于动词和sb之间的关系
inform 和sb之间的关系是被动，所以被告知informed
“the …….news”表示最新的信息，所以选择latest
注意： latter 为形容词，后者，反义词—former 表示前者
later 为副词，后来，稍后
latest 为形容词，最新的 所以选A
5. It’s difficult to say ________ this portrait was painted by.
A. how B. whose C. that D. who
考点： 宾语从句连词
分析： say 后接宾语， 宾语从句缺少by的宾语，所以选D
6. Helen had to pay extra at the airport because she had ________.
A. much too luggage B. too many pieces of luggages
C. too much luggage D. too many luggages
考点：不可数名词的修饰
分析： Henlen不得不付额外的费用，因为她有太多的行李。
注意： too much 表示“太多”修饰不可数名词
much too 表示“太”修饰副词或者形容词 所以正确答案为A
7. ________, you can’t come in here unless you’re a club member.
A. Strictly speaking B. Considering carefully
C. Spoken strictly D. Carefully considered
考点： 搭配
分析： “严格来说”应该为Strictly speaking.
类似的表达“一般来说”， generally speaking （副词+ 非谓语动词）所以正确答案A
8. I’ll wait here until 6:00, so ________ here by then.
A. try and be B. trying to get C. you to come D. to be sure to
reach
考点： 并列句
分析： so 为连词，并列句，所以前后都是完整的句子， 选A 祈使句
9. Tony finished his meal, ________ the bill, and left the restaurant.
A. paying B. to check C. checking D. paid
考点： 动词适当形式
分析： 句中and 表示并列连词，说明都是并列的谓语动词sb did sth , did sth and did sth
10. The palace is heavily guarded, because inside its walls ________.
A. where sit the European leaders B. sit the European leaders
C. the European leaders there sit D. that the European leaders sit
考点： 倒装句
分析，方位副词或者介词放在句首，需要全倒装。谓语动词提前 所以正确答案为B

【巩固练习】
选择最佳选项
1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.　　
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss.　　
A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned
3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
6. When ________, the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed
7. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university.　　
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. 　　
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
9. -- You 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
-- ________ you ever want to do is going shopping.
　　A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That
10. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?　　
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
【答案】1-5 BCDBA 6-10 AADCA
课堂训练：
选择最佳选项
11. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
12. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails.　　
A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything
13. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you.
A. something B. anything C. all D. that
14. As you've never been there before, I'll have someone ________ you the way. 　　
A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed
15. -- I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
-- Not at all, ________.
A. I have no time B. I'd rather not C. I'd like it D. I'd be happy to
16. -- Does your brother intend to study German?
-- Yes, he intends ________.
A. / B. to C. so D. that
17. -- Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?
-- ________ .
A. Yes, I'd like to go to the Grand Theatre
B. I'd like to, but I have an exam tomorrow
C. No, I won't
D. That's right
18. --You should have thanked her before you left.
--I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.　　
A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to
19. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. 　　
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
20. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. 　　
A. If it is not B. Were C. Had it not been D. If they were not


阅读
There are times when you find yourself unable to work out a problem. It is at this __31__ that the way in which you use your teacher is important. With a good teacher, such times should be less _-32__ than with a bad one; so the worse the teacher, the more responsibility you have for your __33__! Whatever your luck in this __34__, one thing is most significant and stays the same. Whatever the quality of teaching you __35__: if there is something you don’t understand, you must ask, again and again if necessary, until you do understand it –fully. __36__ though this may seem, it is almost unbelievable how many people would rather sit in silent __37__ than admit not understanding. To behave in such a way is the only truly __38__ thing a student can do; it’s a false form of pride, which is the most useless, damaging quality anyone can have, to say nothing of a student! __39__, regard your teacher as a guide or even a friend and do not sit __40__ wondering what he’s going on about.

31. A. course B. point C. thought D. opportunity
32. A. lucky B. remote C. frequent D. comfortable
33. A. mood B. image C. intention D. success
34. A. field B. period C. respect D. direction
35. A. offer B. describe C. arrange D. receive
36. A. Likely B. Obvious C. Difficult D. Suitable
37. A. ignorance B. depression C. nervousness D. disapproval
38. A. safe B. simple C. strange D. stupid
39. A. Otherwise B. Furthermore C. Therefore D. Nevertheless
40. A. quietly B. honestly C. separately D. gently

【答案】11-15 AACBD 16-20 BBBBC
31-35 BCDCD 36-40 BADCA

一、重点词汇复习
定语从句省略
状语从句省略
名词性从句省略
不定式to的省略
复合宾语结构中to的省略
其他固定结构中的省略
二、高中省略（ellipsis）的重点

省略








课后巩固
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. produce B. horrible C. orders D. tense E. shape F. experienced
G. haste H. live I. minimize J. supply K. borrow

An Adapted Transcript from Matilda Ho's Ted Speech
In China, where everyone and everything is in a hurry, you need to outperform over 1.3 billion other people to build a better life. When it comes to food, impatience can have serious consequences. In the (43) to grow more, sell more, 4,000 years of agriculture in a country of rich natural resources is spoiled by the overuse of chemicals and pesticides. The stories around food are (44) and somewhat overwhelming, and I told myself it's time to bring a mindful patience into the impatience.
When I say mindful patience, I mean knowing how to act while waiting. And so, while I wait for the day when a sustainable food system becomes a reality in China, I launched one of China's first online farmers market to bring local, organically grown (45) to families. When we went (46) , we had no fruit and hardly any meat to sell, as none that was sent to the lab passed our zero tolerance test towards pesticides, chemicals, antibiotics and hormones. I told our (47) employees that we would not give up until we've met every local farmer in China.
Today, we (48) types of food from 57 local farmers. As a matter of fact, only two hours away from Shanghai, on an island that even Google Maps was not able to locate, we found a place where cows eat grass and roam free under the blue sky. Besides, we deliver our customers’ (49) in as fast as three hours on electric vehicles, and we use reusable boxes to (50) our environmental footprint.
I have no doubt that our offerings will continue to grow, but it will take time, and I know a lot more people are needed to (51) the future of good food. So last year, I founded China's first food tech accelerator and VC platform to help start-ups.
So, you may still ask: Why are you trying to build a sustainable food system by driving a patient movement in a country where it’s almost a crime to take it slow? Because, we do not inherit the earth from our ancestors. We (52) it from our children.

【答案】43-47 GBAHD 48-52 JCIEK
【解析】
43.考察名词。In the haste to do sth. 匆忙做某事，前文提到在中国，万事万物都处于匆忙的状态之下，而在生产食品方面的缺少耐心会带来严重的后果，所以选G
44.考查形容词。根据前一句提到为了生长乃至卖得更多，化学药品以及杀虫剂在中国被过度使用，并且与and后的overwhelming相对应，故选B
45.考查名词。produce除了动词生产的意思以外，还可以做名词表示产品。此句句意为，我发起了中国第一家线上农民市场从而将当地有机生长的产品带入家庭之中。选A
46.考查形容词。句意为当我们的项目上线的时候，我们没有水果也几乎没有肉类可以售卖，选H
47.考查形容词。根据前一句，我们可知作者的线上项目进展并不顺利，所以此句是作者告诉他们紧张的员工们不要放弃，选D
48.考查谓语动词。根据句意，如今我们供应240种食物，选J
49.考查名词。根据句意，我们使用电动车派送顾客的订单，保证3小时以内送达，选C
50.考查动词。此处提到了reusable boxes可回收的盒子，可知与环保有关，最小化我们的碳足迹。选I
51.考查动词。根据句意，我确信可提供的产品会持续增加，但是这需要时间，我也知道我们需要更多的人一起塑造健康食品的未来，选E
52.考查谓语动词。根据前后句意，我们不是从祖先那里继承地球，我们其实是从后代那里借用地球。borrow sth. from sb. ，选K

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrases that best fits the context
By the end of the 20 century, TV show producers had begun to tun to the cheapest performers available--their audience. It seemed that anyone who wanted fame could（53） it. And some people wanted it far too much.
Richard and Mayumi Heene,（54） , launched a large balloon 2,000 meters into the air and then called a TV network to say that their six-year-old son, Falcon, was inside it. Planes were re-routed and Denver International Airport was briefly（55） . However, Falcon was later found to have been hiding in the family's garage the whole time. The “balloon boy” turned out to be a hoax(骗局) and the Heenes were（56） of doing it in the hope of landing their own reality TV. Instead, they got a fine and a short sentence each-but they were certainly （57）
for a while.
So do we want fame? Research suggests that a large number of us do. According to one recent survey, 30 percent of adults regularly daydream about being famous and 40 percent of us expect to（58） some kind of fame in our lifetimes. Perhaps a better question is: should we want to be famous? Do we really want every（59） of our private lives exposed on newspapers and discussed on television? Some people, such as talent show contestant Susan Boyle, seem（60） to deal with this kind of pressure , despite their talent. Boyle gained international fame for her extraordinary singing voice after appearing on TV talent show Britain’s Got Talent and her first album became the fastest-selling of all time in the UK. But the sudden fame didn't seem easy for her at first, and after the final of the show, Boyle was（61） to private psychiatric clinic. Furthermore, people who achieve fame often don 't seem to like it once they have it. A survey of celebrities found that they worry about the press, critics, threatening letters, the lack of privacy and the（62） on their children. These are hardly worries that （63） people have to deal with. They also,（64） , worry about what would happen if they were no longer famous. And there are plenty of people to ask about that. Take Donato Dalrymple for example, a fisherman who rescued a boy from the sea and enjoyed the media spotlight for several months afterwards. When it ended, however, he（65） his job as a toilet cleaner. "I know I'm a nobody. he said when the attention had（66） .
When the person has to go back to everyday life, there's a sense of（67） ,loss and being cheated out of something, says Dr Robert Cancro of the New York University School of Medicine.
53.A. envy B. interval C. afford D. get
54.A.for example B. on the other hand C. in contrast D.in comparison
55.A. shut down B. searched through C. sent off D. looked into
56.A. charged B. accused C. convinced D. warned
57.A. supported B. ashamed C. crazy D. famous
58.A. involve B. increase C. beat D. experience
59.A. arrangement B. aspect C. variety D. zone
60.A. terrific B. bad-tempered C. ill-equipped D. amazed
61.A. accessible B. admitted C. used D. crowded
62.A. weight B. influence C. benefit D. energy
63.A. intelligent B. well-known C. common D. considerate
64.A. accidentally B. fortunately C. ironically D. understandably
65.A. held up B. gave up C. decided on D. returned to
66.A. disappeared B. arisen C. been paid D. grown
67.A. moderate B. achievement C. disappointment D. direction

【答案】53-57 DAABD 58-62 DBCBB 63-67 CCDAC
【解析】
53.考查上下文联系。上文提到节目制作人开始找普通的群众去演出节目。因此这里指的是“看起来任何想要出名的人都能出名”，空后的“it”指代“出名”所以这里选择D。
54.考查上下文联系。上文提到了任何人都可以出名，下文提到这两个人为了出名所做的事情，因此是在举例证明前面的内容。所以答案是A
55.考查词义和句意。紧接上文，例子中提到的两个人由于私自放飞气球导致航班关闭，因此选择A
56.考查词义。由于两人的行为造成了巨大的社会事故，因此两人收到了指控。所以答案选择B。
57.考查上下文联系。两人虽然受到了惩罚，但是也达到了自己的目的。他们的目的就是为了能够出名，所以答案选择D
58.考查上下文联系。研究表明普通人都想出名。所以这里选择D，表示“经历”。
59.考查词义。成为名人有好处但是也有缺点。名人的很多私信隐私都会被暴露出来。这里指各个方面的隐私。因此答案算则B。
60.考查词义。由于隐私受到大家的关注，有人能够处理但是有人却处理不当。后面讲到例子中的人曾经去医院接受过治疗，很显然她并不擅长处理这种情况，因此选择C，表示“先天不足的”。
61.考查词义。他不擅长处理这种被媒体曝光的情况，因此接受了治疗，这是一个事实“be admitted to”，有承认的意思。因此答案为B
62.考查上下文联系。这里讲到的出名对于名人不好的影响，所以只能选择B。
63.考查上下文联系。这些烦恼都是名人的烦恼，而一般人是不会有这些烦恼的。因此选择“common”，表示普通人。
64.考查上下文联系。前面提到由于出名这些名人非常的烦恼，但是后面又讲到他们同时担心自己不出名了会增么样。这是一件非常讽刺的事情，因此答案是“C”。
65.考查上下文联系。出名之后由于没有后续的热点所以很快就会失去关注，最后回到起点。所以这里指救人的人又回到之前的工作岗位上。
66.考查词义。名气过时之后就会没人关注，因此这里表示名气过时用A，“消失”。
67.考查词义。从出名到无人关注，当然会感到失望，因此答案是C。

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read
(A)
The owner of an Alabama Chinese restaurant named “Good Friend” shot at a customer who complained about a fly in her eggroll Thursday night. The bullet narrowly missed 20-year-old Birmingham resident Jatari Walker who told the Daily News she is scared by the entire experience. 
“I can’t sleep,” she said Saturday afternoon. “And since it happened, I’ve had no appetite.”
Walker ordered a combination platter and eggroll from the Good Friend Chinese and Seafood Restaurant on Dennison Ave on Thursday evening. After paying her $7 bill she went back to her car and discovered a fly inside. “I thought I need to take this back,” she said. 
The customer went back and asked for a repayment and said the owner Chun HinChing, 52, was unhappy with her because she announced her discovery in front of other customers. After an argument he repaid the money and Walker — who is now a former frequent customer of the business — turned and walked to the exit. 
That’s when Ching drew a handgun and fired a single shot over her head. 
“He just shot the gun at me and I ran,” she said, adding that she could feel the bullet whiz（飕飕掠过）past her head. 
Birmingham Police Department spokesman Lt. Sean Edwards told the News the owner was charged with attempted murder and was transported to Jefferson County Jail on $100,000 bail（保释金）.
Police believe Ching intended to hit Walker with the bullet and missed. The bullet hit the top of the door frame of the take-out business. “Ching did not tell police why he fired at Walker.” Edwards said, “Also, he did not say why he had a weapon, but it was not uncommon for stores in that neighborhood.”
No one was injured from the gunshot, and calls placed to the restaurant Saturday afternoon were not answered.

68. What happened on Thursday night in Good Friend Chinese and Seafood Restaurant?
A. A fire broke out but luckily no one was injured.
B. The restaurant owner refused to repay the money.
C. The egg rolls caused sickness among some customers.
D. A young woman narrowly escaped being killed by a bullet.

69．Why did Walker go back to the restaurant after buying the food？
A. Because she left her car key in the restaurant．
B. Because she discovered a fly in the egg roll．
C. Because she forgot to take the combination platter．
D. Because she found the owner charged her too much．

70. The restaurant owner fired on Walker when___ .
A. she was about to leave                  
B. she was arguing with him 
C. she asked for a repayment              
D. she announced her discovery

71. We can learn from the passage that___ .
A. this is the first time for Walker to buy food from Good Friend Restaurant 
B. the owner was unhappy with the complaint and refused to repay the money 
C. it is common for a restaurant owner in that neighborhood to have a weapon 
D. if someone had been hit，Ching'd have been charged with attempted murder．

【答案】68.D 69.B 70.A 71.C
【分析】
68. D  细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The bullet narrowly missed 20-year-old Birmingham resident Jatari Walker who told the Daily News she is scarred by the entire experience。可知Jatari Walker侥幸逃脱。故D正确．
69. B  细节理解题。从第三段的句子After paying her $7 bill she went back to her car and discovered a fly inside．可知因为她在鸡蛋卷里发现了一只苍蝇．故B正确．
70. A  细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句After an argument he repaid the money and Walker-who is now a former frequent customer of the business-turned and walked to the exit．及第五段可知她正要离开的时候．故A正确．
71. C  推理判断题．根据文章倒数第三段He said Ching did not say why he had a weapon but added it was not uncommon for stores in that neighborhood. 可知在那附近饭店主人拥有武器是正常的．故C正确．

(B)
For many health-conscious people, bread is a little slice of hell. Shelves of multigrain loaves or friends passing around sourdough(酵母面包) starters and attaching the word artisanal（手工艺 性的) to the ancient combination of yeast(酵母), flour and water-have led consumers to believe whole grain bread is healthier than industrial white bread. That trend has made for a lot of expensive sandwiches.
Fortunately, a new study by researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science is here to cut through the confusion. In the study, published in Cell Metabolism, researchers randomized 20 participants to consume either processed white bread or artisanal whole wheat sourdough in order to compare the effects of each on the body.
Before the study started, all participants consumed the same amount of white and nonwhite bread for several days. Then each group ate, on average, at least 100 grams of bread--three to four day for one week. After a two-week break, the groups switched types for another bread-laden week. The total amount of calories the participants consumed remained constant for the duration of the study.
The researchers were surprised by what they found. "There were no clinically significant differences between the effects of these two types of bread on whatever we measured, "said computational biologist Eran Segal, senior author of the study in a statement. Those measured included glucose(葡萄糖) levels upon waking, fat and cholesterol(胆固醇) levels, the amounts of essential minerals in the bloodstream and several indicators of tissue damage. Segal and colleagues examined 20 variables and found not one notable differences between the white bread eaters and the artisanal bread eaters. The key finding: It wasn't that both breads had no effect on the body. Rather, they both did equal damage. As it tums out, half the participants had a higher glycemic response to industrial white bread, and half had the higher response to artisanal sourdough bread.
The researchers also found that which bread was best for you can be predicted based on the bacteria present in your body. They found that the "profile"the variety of bacterial species--correlated with the glycemic response to each bread. The small size of the study means the results should be considered preliminary. The researchers hope to study these predictors more carefully as a potential way to improve nutritional recommendations, says biologist Avraham Levy another study co-author.
In short, the study provides vital evidence that we need to stop judging each other in the supermarket bread aisle.

75. Why does the author use "fortunately"at the beginning of the second paragraph?
A. The study has made great breakthroughs in finding what matters in bread.
B. The study can deepen people's understanding of the advantages of yeast.
C. The study is conducted by researchers specializing in food and nutrition.
D. The study shows you needn't spend so much money on wholegrain bread.

76. What can be concluded from the study mentioned in the passage?
A. Both white bread and nonwhite bread may do harm to our health.
B. People respond similarly to white bread but differently to nonwhite bread.
C. White bread and wholegrain bread produce no immediate effect on body.
D. White bread eaters and artisanal bread eaters report different body responses.

77. The findings need more research because of .
A. the theory they are based on
B. the number of participants
C. the method of the experiments
D. the duration of the study

78.Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with?
A. It's better to stick to ancient ways of making bread.
B. Supermarkets should label the bread that may do harm.
C. There is no need to choose bread due to its ingredients.
D. Bread must be free of bacteria for the sake of our health.

【答案】75D. 76.A 77.B 78.C
【解析】
75.根据后文研究成果表明“not one notable differences between the white bread eaters and the artisanal bread eaters. ”可知两种面包并没有明显差异，因此不需要花更多钱去买 wholegrain bread，选项D正确。
76.根据第四段“The key finding: It wasn't that both breads had no effect on the body. Rather, they both did equal damage.”可知选项A正确。
77.根据原文倒数第二段“The small size of the study means the results should be considered preliminary. ”可知选项B正确。
78.根据全文大意可知，两种面包虽然成分不同，但对身体的效果是没有明显区别的，甚至都对身体有相同的伤害，与选项C“There is no need to choose bread due to its ingredients”表述的意思符合，其他三个选项在文中并无体现。


IV. Translation (15%)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
83. 重要的是我们要学会明辨是非。（matter v.）
【答案】：What matters is that we should learn to tell right from away
【解析】考点：重要的是…what matters is that的句型，明辨是非的翻法：tell right from wrong
84. 现代技术的引进被证明是十分成功的。（prove）
【答案】The introduction of modern technology proved successful
【解析】考点：prove的用法，1. prove+名词或代词 2. prove+宾语+宾补（to be通常可以省略） 3. prove sth to sb 4.prove+宾语从句
85. 实验的失败被认为是研究人员缺乏经验。(regard)
【答案】The failure of the experiment is regarded as the researcher’s lack of experience.
【解析】考点：be regarded as被认作为…，lack的用法，作及物动词 lack sth，作名词 the lack of，作形容词 be lacking in
86. 直到被匆忙送进医院他才意识到健康饮食的重要。（rush, aware）
【答案】He wasn’t aware of the importance of a healthy diet until he was rushed to hospital.
【解析】考点：词组用法：be aware of意识到，be rushed to 被匆忙送到…，被急速送往…
87. 据报道，由于农业技术的发展，不少农户从中获益匪浅。（benefit）
【答案】It is reported that due to development of farming technologies, many farming families have benefited a lot from it.
【解析】考点：据报道的句型：It is reported that…，从…中获益匪浅：benefit a lot from…。拓展：开卷有益：benefit a lot from reading books

V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 80-100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
高中的校园生活丰富多彩，有些人认为高中生应多参加各种校内外活动，也有人认为高中生还是应该将精力放在学业上。请谈谈你对此的看法。

【参考范文】
Comparing the various activities on campus with the importance of study, we should, in my opinion, keep a balance between both of them.
It is necessary for us to work hard as it is the most important thing a student should do. Besides learning, however, we could also take part in all sorts of activities, which could widen our view for both society and ourselves. When it comes to our future, taking part in social activities could largely improve our physical and mental abilities, doing great good to our comprehensive development.
Thus, there is no such rules that students should only work hard or taking parting in activities. We should maintain a balance between them to have the best advantages to us.

预习思考.
观察下列10个句子，你能发现什么规律？ 可以仿照着写一写。

1.I like the trees that \which were planted last spring.
=I like the trees planted last spring.
2.A letter which \that is written in pencil is hard to read.
=A letter written in pencil is hard to read.
3.Have you bought the book which /that was referred to last week?
=Have you bought the book referred to last week?
4.Finally he reached a lonely island that \which was completely cut off from the outside world.
=Finally, he reached a lonely island completely cut off from the outside world.
5.I like the second football match which /that was held last week.
=I like the second football match held last week.
6. The flowers which were planted last year are now grow well.
=The flowers planted last year are now grow well.
7.We all like the songs which/ that are sung by Songzuying.
=We all like the songs sung by Songzuying.
8.I heard a piece of good news that/ which was announced by our monitor.
=I heard a piece of good news announced by our monitor.
9. Many young people who were well-educated headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
=Many young well-educated people headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
10.We hope the measures to control house prices, which are taken by the government, will succeed.
=We hope the measures to control house prices, taken by the government, will succeed.