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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture导学案
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 3 Food and Culture导学案，共5页。学案主要包含了过去完成时的被动语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。
t tell the same infrmatin using the past perfect active tense and the passive tense.
t use the tw cnstructins crrectly, and understand their meaning and functin in the cntext.
t make sentences using the past perfect active and passive tense and use these sentences t make dialgues.
一：下面这个句子含有什么时态和语态？它们的意义是什么？
By the time the trnad ended, mre than 700 peple had been killed.
时态：_____________________语态：_____________________
功能意义:__________________________________________
二：从第一篇课文中找到所有含有以上时态和语态的句子并总结规律。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
语法共性：
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
三：语法知识填空。
过去完成时的构成为“______________”。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前______________________的动作或存在的状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“__________________”。
(1)过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或存在的状态，即表示“过去的过去”。
The by was reminded that his hmewrk________________________．
这个男孩被提醒说他的家庭作业还没有交上来。
Her hmewrk _____________________________when I gt hme.
我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。
Hw many buildings _____________________________when the hurricane ended?
飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？
(2)用于hardly/scarcely ... when ..., n sner ... than ...等表示“_____________________”或“一……就……”的固定句型中。
___________________________________schl frm schl __________________it began t snw heavily.我们刚到达学校就下起了雪。
hardly/scarcely/rarely/n sner置于句首时，主句部分________________，从句________________倒装。
(3)有些动词，如hpe、expect、think、intend、mean、suppse等，用过去完成时表示“________________________”。
We____________________ t finish the task n time but we failed.
我们本来希望按时完成这项工作的，但我们没有做到。
Eve ___________________t see mre f China.伊芙曾希望在中国多观光一番。
I _________________t be there n time.我本打算准时去的。
Greta ______________________t see her ff at the airprt.格瑞塔本打算是要去机场送她的。
(4)在“That/It was the first/secnd ... time＋从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。
That was the last time I ________________such a flish mistake.那是我最后一次犯那样的傻错误。
It was the first time ( that) I _______________________Shanghai.那是我第一次去上海。
It was the mst inspiring perfrmance I________________. 这是我看过的最激励人心的表演
(5)用在"It was+一段时间+ since从句"句型中(从句用过去完成时)
It was at least three mnths since I ___________________Beijing.我离开北京至少有三个月了。
(6)wish、if nly、as if、wuld rather等后面的从句中，常用过去完成时表示对过去的假设或虚拟。
If nly I ______________________by the teacher yesterday.我昨天要是被老师表扬就好了。
I wish I ________________there at that time.那时候我要在那儿就好了。（事实上我不在那儿。）
I wish I _____________________abut it.我要是告诉他那事就好了。（事实上我没告诉他。）
3．过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
一般过去时侧重发生在过去的____________________；而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”，一定有一个表示过去时间的__________________，表示在这个时间之前，动作已经发生。
They___________________ when their parents gt hme at 11 ’clck..
父母11点回家之前他们已经睡着了。（过去的过去）
They________________________ at 11 ’clck.他们11点睡着了。（一般过去）
二、过去完成时的被动语态
1．概念：过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一时刻或某个动作以前已经发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词动作存在_________________。
2．构成
(1)肯定结构：主语＋______________________
(2)否定结构：主语＋________________________
(3)疑问结构： had +主语+__________________
3．用法
(1)在tld、said、 knew、heard、thught、fund等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
He heard that the tickets had already___________________他听说票已售完。
He tld me that the prject ______________________by the end f 1999.他告诉我到1999年底他们已完成了那个项目。
The newspaper reprted mre than 100 peple __________________in the thunderstrm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。
(2)befre、when、by the time、until、after、nce等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及by、befre后面接过去的时间时，主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
By the time my brther was 10, he ___________________t Italy.
我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。
Tns f rice ___________________________by the end f last mnth.
到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。
(3) It was the first/secnd/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中，主语与谓语构成被动关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
It was the first time that I___________________ the night fact t face in ne and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。
(4)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去事实相反，且主语与谓语构成被动关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
If I _______________________by him earlier, I wuld have finished the task.
如果我早一点得到他的指示，我早就完成这项任务了。
If I________________________, I wuldn't have missed the train.
如果我快点的话，我就不会误了火车。
If yu __________________________at the party, yu wuld have met him.
如果你去了晚会，你就会见到他的。
四：巩固练习。
I．用所给词的适当形式填空
When I gt t schl I fund that my classmates _______________ (leave)．
The man said that he _____________ (write) abut 300 pieces f music.
I _____________ (intend) t call n yu, but I had an unexpected visitr.
She said that she _____________(see) the film befre (以前看过这部电影)．
It was the third time that he _____________________(be) ut f wrk (失业) that year.
It was the third time that she _____________(cme)t this muntain village t see the children.
It was the first time that I ____________________(g)thrugh such an exciting ccasin.
By the time she was 15 years ld, she __________________(write) three lng nvels．
This jb prved t be much mre difficult than the ne I __________________(ffer) befre.
By the time he was twelve years ld, a chemistry lab f his wn__________________(set up) by himself.
II.语法填空
Alng a lng path we came t a deep valley. As I climbed dwn int the valley, a bird flew ff the rck. On lking at the spt 1.______the bird had risen, I saw tw eggs. They were the kind that I did nt have in my 2.______ (cllect), s I placed them carefully in my bag.
As we went further dwn the valley, the sides became even 3.______ (steep)．The water that rushed dwn all these small valleys in the rainy seasn 4.______(wear) the rck as glass. As it was t deep 5.______ (climb) dwn, I handed my gun t ne f the men and slid dwn it. My feet had hardly tuched the sandy bttm when the tw men jumped dwn, ne n each side f 6.______ (I)．They quickly gave me the gun 7.______ asked me if I had heard the tiger. In fact, I had heard nthing; pssibly because f the nise I made while 8.______ (slide) dwn the rck. The men said they 9.______ (hear) a tiger grwling (虎啸) smewhere nearby, but they 10.______ nt knw frm which directin the nise had cme.
6.______________7_________________8_________ ___9______________10._____________
t tell the same infrmatin using the past perfect active tense and the passive tense.
t use the tw cnstructins crrectly, and understand their meaning and functin in the cntext.
t make sentences using the past perfect active and passive tense and use these sentences t make dialgues.
一：下面这个句子含有什么时态和语态？它们的意义是什么？
By the time the trnad ended, mre than 700 peple had been killed.
时态：_____________________语态：_____________________
功能意义:__________________________________________
二：从第一篇课文中找到所有含有以上时态和语态的句子并总结规律。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
语法共性：
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
三：语法知识填空。
过去完成时的构成为“______________”。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前______________________的动作或存在的状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“__________________”。
(1)过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或存在的状态，即表示“过去的过去”。
The by was reminded that his hmewrk________________________．
这个男孩被提醒说他的家庭作业还没有交上来。
Her hmewrk _____________________________when I gt hme.
我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。
Hw many buildings _____________________________when the hurricane ended?
飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？
(2)用于hardly/scarcely ... when ..., n sner ... than ...等表示“_____________________”或“一……就……”的固定句型中。
___________________________________schl frm schl __________________it began t snw heavily.我们刚到达学校就下起了雪。
hardly/scarcely/rarely/n sner置于句首时，主句部分________________，从句________________倒装。
(3)有些动词，如hpe、expect、think、intend、mean、suppse等，用过去完成时表示“________________________”。
We____________________ t finish the task n time but we failed.
我们本来希望按时完成这项工作的，但我们没有做到。
Eve ___________________t see mre f China.伊芙曾希望在中国多观光一番。
I _________________t be there n time.我本打算准时去的。
Greta ______________________t see her ff at the airprt.格瑞塔本打算是要去机场送她的。
(4)在“That/It was the first/secnd ... time＋从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。
That was the last time I ________________such a flish mistake.那是我最后一次犯那样的傻错误。
It was the first time ( that) I _______________________Shanghai.那是我第一次去上海。
It was the mst inspiring perfrmance I________________. 这是我看过的最激励人心的表演
(5)用在"It was+一段时间+ since从句"句型中(从句用过去完成时)
It was at least three mnths since I ___________________Beijing.我离开北京至少有三个月了。
(6)wish、if nly、as if、wuld rather等后面的从句中，常用过去完成时表示对过去的假设或虚拟。
If nly I ______________________by the teacher yesterday.我昨天要是被老师表扬就好了。
I wish I ________________there at that time.那时候我要在那儿就好了。（事实上我不在那儿。）
I wish I _____________________abut it.我要是告诉他那事就好了。（事实上我没告诉他。）
3．过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
一般过去时侧重发生在过去的____________________；而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”，一定有一个表示过去时间的__________________，表示在这个时间之前，动作已经发生。
They___________________ when their parents gt hme at 11 ’clck..
父母11点回家之前他们已经睡着了。（过去的过去）
They________________________ at 11 ’clck.他们11点睡着了。（一般过去）
二、过去完成时的被动语态
1．概念：过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一时刻或某个动作以前已经发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词动作存在_________________。
2．构成
(1)肯定结构：主语＋______________________
(2)否定结构：主语＋________________________
(3)疑问结构： had +主语+__________________
3．用法
(1)在tld、said、 knew、heard、thught、fund等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
He heard that the tickets had already___________________他听说票已售完。
He tld me that the prject ______________________by the end f 1999.他告诉我到1999年底他们已完成了那个项目。
The newspaper reprted mre than 100 peple __________________in the thunderstrm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。
(2)befre、when、by the time、until、after、nce等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及by、befre后面接过去的时间时，主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
By the time my brther was 10, he ___________________t Italy.
我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。
Tns f rice ___________________________by the end f last mnth.
到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。
(3) It was the first/secnd/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中，主语与谓语构成被动关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
It was the first time that I___________________ the night fact t face in ne and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。
(4)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去事实相反，且主语与谓语构成被动关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
If I _______________________by him earlier, I wuld have finished the task.
如果我早一点得到他的指示，我早就完成这项任务了。
If I________________________, I wuldn't have missed the train.
如果我快点的话，我就不会误了火车。
If yu __________________________at the party, yu wuld have met him.
如果你去了晚会，你就会见到他的。
四：巩固练习。
I．用所给词的适当形式填空
When I gt t schl I fund that my classmates _______________ (leave)．
The man said that he _____________ (write) abut 300 pieces f music.
I _____________ (intend) t call n yu, but I had an unexpected visitr.
She said that she _____________(see) the film befre (以前看过这部电影)．
It was the third time that he _____________________(be) ut f wrk (失业) that year.
It was the third time that she _____________(cme)t this muntain village t see the children.
It was the first time that I ____________________(g)thrugh such an exciting ccasin.
By the time she was 15 years ld, she __________________(write) three lng nvels．
This jb prved t be much mre difficult than the ne I __________________(ffer) befre.
By the time he was twelve years ld, a chemistry lab f his wn__________________(set up) by himself.
II.语法填空
Alng a lng path we came t a deep valley. As I climbed dwn int the valley, a bird flew ff the rck. On lking at the spt 1.______the bird had risen, I saw tw eggs. They were the kind that I did nt have in my 2.______ (cllect), s I placed them carefully in my bag.
As we went further dwn the valley, the sides became even 3.______ (steep)．The water that rushed dwn all these small valleys in the rainy seasn 4.______(wear) the rck as glass. As it was t deep 5.______ (climb) dwn, I handed my gun t ne f the men and slid dwn it. My feet had hardly tuched the sandy bttm when the tw men jumped dwn, ne n each side f 6.______ (I)．They quickly gave me the gun 7.______ asked me if I had heard the tiger. In fact, I had heard nthing; pssibly because f the nise I made while 8.______ (slide) dwn the rck. The men said they 9.______ (hear) a tiger grwling (虎啸) smewhere nearby, but they 10.______ nt knw frm which directin the nise had cme.
6.______________7_________________8_________ ___9______________10._____________
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